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From llayti. Port nu Prince, March 5.?Within flic last few weeks a very deep laid plot has been discovered, which had for its end the dethronement of the ! Emperor, the overthrow of the pres- j ent GoVfirnnmnt. mwt ihn noiol.lloU. ment of another more mild and Republican in its form. Mr. Francisque, Chief Justice of > the Empire, is implicated in the conspiracy, has been arrested and com* | rtiitted to prison; and if there should appear sufficient proof of his connec- j tion with the affair, he will most probably l>e shot with several others. The Minister of Finance, M. Sa-! ? i ? . . juiiui, nas already been, or is soon to be superseded; and none of the old ministry will remain in office except , M. Dufiere, Minister of Foreign Re . lations. There has been a commission appointed to meet the agent of the three commercial powers, who held a conference this day with them; but, as far as is known, to very little effect. J The Kmperor is very unwilling to give iiii what he considers to be a part ot the Empire of Hayti. The market for American cargoes such as are usually brought here, is more favorable than it lias been for sc:::c time past. CofTee, the principal article of export, comes in more freely. The crop, however, will fall considerably short of the average of former years, atul coffee, consenuently, will bear a high price here throughout the sea BonForeign llcms. The first arrival of foreign ice ibis rear has just taken place by a vessel : i ii._ n*i-_ r - iiiivuu 111 iu? i names iroun one 01 the Norwegian posts. Several clerks in a well known bank in London have been detected perpetrating robberies on the establishment to the amount of ?10,000. A new corps of troops is about to be formed to serve on the gold coast of Africa. It will consist of three hundred privates, with officers in pro portion, and will involve a total cost of ?6,154 per annum. The French government has decided to execute the railway round Paris, for the purpose of connecting llir* -1 ^ ? 4 -' >i?/ luiiunii ui mo uiucreiii railways. Accounts from Switzerland state tlii^t Mazzini has taken up his residence at Lausanne, and is zealously engaged in circulating liberal documents. During the trial of a prisoner at Gatlienburg, in Sweden, lately, the prisoner suddenly drew a pistol from liis breast and shot at the public prosecutor. Fortunately the ras cal's aim was bad, and he was sentenced to death. A convention has been sicrne.d bo tween France and Spain lor the mutual delivering up of criminals ac cused of crimes against person or property, embracing all serious offences, but exempting political crimes and offences. Letters from Paris say 'Louis Napoleon is reported to desired a union with one of Queen Christiana's daughters by MunorV California Emigration.?If we can iurlfffi at nil frnm tl?*? tnno Western papers, there will he 110 overland emigration whatever this year. A New York paper having stated some two or three weeks since, that "one hundred and thirtynine persons had sailed from that city in one steamer for California, and that the indications are said to be that the emigration will be as great this season as it was last year," the St. Louis Republican comes out in the following positive manner in relation to the emigration from his seciion: "We do not know what may be the indications at New York, or in the east, but we know 'hat no body :n the west talks of going to Califor ma. We have not heard of a single company goiugacross the plains, and if one man goes now where a hunched went last yfear, we shall he greatly deceived. The intelligence trom there within the Hst six months ?the representations of the hundreds who have returned in a worse condition, pecuniarily, than when they started, and of the many who i have returned in had health niut rlv- , - - # . ~ ~J0 I I ing?have satisfied the people that it ; is much better to stay at home and < do well, than to go otF on any wild- | goose chase. They can form their < own conclusions now, from the rep- < resentations of their associates and friends, and credence is no longer given to the overstrained and glaring i falsehoods put forth by interested 1 sources in California. They may | coin as many stories as they please 1 about lumps and islands of gold, but t nobody will b#li#?v<. them." | The Scientific American says that r a man in Orange county was found t one night climbing an overshot wheel j in a fulling mil!. He was asked what he wae ''oiiag. He mid he was trying to get, tijj to bedi but somehow 8 or otncr, theutftir# wouldn't hold still. ( .* t % Koisuth. A letter from Constantinople, of the 17th ult. announces that theques tion of the Hungarian refugees at Kutayeh has been definitely arranged. The Emperor of Austria has granted a full and entire nmnptlv ir? I fiigees, on condition that they shall declare that they will not make any attempt to re-enter Hungary. Eight of them, however, are excepted from this amnesty, and are to remain at ' Kutayeh until further orders. Aniongst ihoso excepted are Kossuth and Bathia iy. The Porte is to send a commissary to that town, acccompanied by M. Eder, an attache of the Austrian legation, to identify those amnestied and to rorpivo tion. Those persons are then to proceed to Mondania. where they j will find a Turkish ship to convey them where they pleaso. TheTu kish government will defray their expenses by sea and land. General Dembinski is expected daily at C'onstantinople, where he is permitted to reside, under the protection of the French Ambassador. The Russian government has demanded from the Porte a considerable sum tor the ex6;i\se attending the occupation of the anubian principalities. Austrian liar bar ity.?The pupils of the polytechnic school at Vienna have hitherto worn their hair long, but were lately ordered to have it cut off, as long hair was suspiciously political. As they did not obey at once, they were arrested by the police, marched" sffin a body and duly cropped. The Austrians have a great reputation for cruelty, but we did not think they could be guilty of so barbarous an act as this. The want of any copper coin in Peru has given rise to a curious practice of which Lieut. Maw was inform ed at Truxillo. A person coming to the market of that city and not wishing to spend n real upon every article, purchases a real's worth of eggs, with which he or she proceeds to market; buying an egg's worth of vegetables from one, and so on from others, till all that was wanted has been obtained. The eggs are taken as current payment, and finally purchased themselves by those who need them for use. Fruit Trees.?The new method of planting fruit trees by planting the scion, is a great desideratum in the ait ofobtainininggood fruit. It lias many advantages over grafting because it is more expeditious and requires no stock nor tree. They may be planted where they arc required to stand and the labor for one day will be sufficient to plant out enough for a large orchard after the scions are obtained. The method of preparing the plant is as follows Take the scions as for grafting, and at any time after the first of February and until the buds begin to grow considerably and dip each end of the shoot into melted pitch, wax or tallow, and bury it in the ground; the i...,i? ? --- * ' uiiun upucniiusi, wiiiisi mo nociy lies in a horizontal position at the depth of two or three inches. We are informed that trees obtained in this way will bear in four years Irom the time of planting. We have no doubt of the practicability of this method of raising fruit. A gentleman in this vicinity the last season planted about twenty scions of different kinds of pears which appear to flourish. The composition used was melted shoemaker's wax.?Cultivator. An Irish clergyman's servant, hav 1?f? - - - i ouuug uusire 10 iry ins nand at pulpit oratory, managed, during the indisposition of his master, to get pos session of the pulpit. The congregation was very large; so large, indeed, that Pat, who was 'unaccuston ed to public speaking,' stood in the pulpit, with his head hung down, and looking as sheepish as possible. Desperation at last inspired with courage, and .ie bawled out?'If any of ye has Sot any consate about praiching, ye ad better come up here.' Singular Phenomenon.?On the 26th of January last, a severe shock of an earthquake was felt at Guerre \* .... it/i 111 itjlcxico. 11 continued about three seconds, and immedi ately afterwards n lnminons meteor of im- 1 mense size was seen to traverse the Heavens, illuminating brilliantly the 1 whole valley. It was observed to | fall on a neighboring mountain, and :>n its coming in contact with the ' sarth, a loud explosion ensued. ( Car-rings.?The custom of wear- J ng ear-rings originated, it is said, in ?n~ -? ...o rrujf?wiinitially Hiuon^iiie riejrews, Arabs, and other oriental naions, the ears of slaves were pierced J o mark the servant's obligation to < learken to his master's commands. 1 [lings were afterwards added to delote the perpetuity of his bondage, as . hose servanls whose ears were >ierced were servants forever. Bare Subjecl.?Am e* ch?nge has in article on tho 'Honesty of Poiitii'mns. / Pendleton I<odge, A. TO. FA REGULAR Communication of Pendleton Lodge, No 34, A.*. F.\ M.\ will bo held on Tuesday evening, the 15th instant. W. H. D. GILLlAltD, Sec'y. Apiil 2. ML ? It 12 I\ E \V GOODS. THE subscriber is now receiving and opening a fine Stock of Spring & Summer (hooiIn, Consisting in part of the following articles: Homespun, Shirtings and Sheetinors. Cln\ irnnc frnm ^ 1 /\ a. WMI V M/W I.VIH.O auu a fine variety, Fine Muslins at 18 to 36 cents; Alpaccas, al! colors, and good l)lack at 39 cents per yard; a tine lot of Goods for Gentlemens" Spring and Summer wear, Pants, Vesting, Coating, &,c, &.*}., Also a large lot of Bonnets, Ribbons, and Artificial Flowers. A fine lot of Boots and Shoes, Crockery and Glassware, Drugs and Medeciiies, Saddles, Bridles, Ac, Sugar ami Coflfec, and a general a&*ortiiieiit of ^ROCERIRS; Which the undersigned promises (o sell as cheap as can be bought in the country, and which the public are invited to call and examine and buy. J. E. HAGOOD. 12 Mile, S. C., April 4,1851. P. S.?Bees-wax, Tallow, Raw hides, Feathers, &,cM taken in ex cnange. j. e. iu CITATION. TE. Calhoun having applied to me for letters of administration on the Estate of John C. Calhoun, lute of Pickens District, dereasod, the Kindled and Creditors are cited to appear before me on the 18th inst. to snow cause if any they can whv said Letters of Administration should not be granted. Given under my hand and seal this 4th day of April 1851. W. D. STEELE, o. p. e. Administrator'* Notice. ALL persons having demands a. gainst the Estate of Elizabeth Stribling, deceased,are requested to present them to the undersigned by the first day of July next, as on that day they will proceed to close the business of tlie Estate, and make a distribution of the same. M. S. STRIBLING, ) Admr's. T. M. STRIBLING, \ April 1. 1851. 43?tf BATTALION ORDGST General Grder No. ? Head Quarters 1st Bat. 2d II. S C M. THE first Battalion of the 2 Re/riment S. C. M. are hereby required to parade at 'White's1 on Saturday the third day of May next, by 10 o'clock a. hi., ariiHid aim equipped as the law directs, for review and inspection. The commissioned and non-commissioned officers are revuired to assemble the day previous at 10 o'clock a. m. for drill and instruction. The Captains of companies are charged with the extension of this Order. By order of Col. A. Brvce. E. M. KEITH, Mai. Com. April 4th, 1851. ATTENTION BATTALION rT^HE First Battalion of the 5th 1 Regiment S. C. M-, will parade nt the usual parade ground on Saturday 20th of April next, hy 10 o'clock a. m., armed and equipped as the law directs for review and in- j spection* The Officers and non-com missioned offit ors will parade the day previous for drill and instruction. By order of Col. Nimmons. O. E. BARTON. Adi t. March 31st, 1851. BALTIMORE PRINTING Ink ITVaniiJfactory. The subscriber, agent for tlie sale of this INK, would invite the attention of Printers and publishers of newspapers in the South, to the fact thnt they can now purchase in Baltimore a superior Ink to nny manufactured in this country. The Baltimore Book and Newspapor printers prefer it to any othor Ink. Colored inks, Card ink, Book ink and news ink of superior quality, and at the lowest prices. The ,.MJ f 1 ..... - * ' unurrMgnuu warrauis tno ink nj ide at tho Baltimore works to be of the very best jualtty, and should nny nrtirle shipped by liim fail to give full satisfaction, it can be returned at his expense. WM THOMSON, No. 0 Carroll Hall, Baliimore. Publishers of newspapers who send us , MO and insert the above advertisement t-i ;he amount of $2,60, will roceive a 60 lb. keg of tho best news Ink. 44?fit 1 W? DC. ATTORNEY AT LAW. will practice in the 0<vtrt? of rhb WESTERN CIRCUIT.?OfPICE at pimam o. h* o. Just n* you Please, PAY, OH BE SUED. rf^HOSK indebted tome prior to JL the first day of January last can pay without costs until the- last of court week. I want the money and 1 will have it. E. M. KEITH. March 1.1. Ml NOTICE. ALL persons are forewarned from trading for a Note of hand given by me to Francis Greenwood, for $50, and due thp 25th of December next, as I do not intend to pay it unless compelled by law. J. B. LEATHERS. March 8, 1851, 42 4t POST OFFICE STAMPS TO POSTMASTERS. THE ADVERTISER, Postmastor at Pleftsant (irove, Alleghany county, Maryland, is the first person in the U. States who conceived and undertook extensively to publish the idea of furnishing all post offices in the country with cheap stamps. All stamps made by him ai? warranted equal or superior to nny others that can be procured for the sam? price and whenever any are sent out in any manner defective or unsatisfactory, duplicates will be forwarded, on notice, without | extra charge. All who order a set of stamps, witli a lull set of chances for dates, at only two dollars, [for thirty pieces,] shall be kept in stamps ad libitum. Full set with one change, $1. When stamps are neally made with turned handles and screw,?same style as the regular government P. O. stamps?durable efficient and warranted. I'rice one t* two dollars only, and special authority to send by mail free. Address "P. M.M Pleasant Grove, Alleghany county, A/aryland." jC5T"Any editor publishing the above [wiih this notf] three times and sending a copy of (lie Daner. shall reciMvi? r.r#?rlii <v> ten dollars in wood letter, or ten dollar proof press?or if preferred, a wood engraving or an engrave d newspaper head of th? above value will be forward" d. Feb. 1,1851. 37?3t. Executive Department. Columbia, Jan. 24, 1851. By Ilis Excellency, J. H. Means, i (.Governor and Commander-in-Chief | in and over the State of South i Carolina: V[xliEREAS, information lias been received at this Deparl- ' ment, that THO i AS DA LEY, alias KENAN, who was committed to the : Jail of Beaufort District for negro xtp.nlinrr_ loll ? *' 1 ? ? * * ?) i J?*?I (l icw Uci y 5 blll('U) and made his escape", now, therefore, I, J. H. Means, Govv'tnor of the ( Slate of South Carolina, do hereby , offer a reward of One Hundred l)ol- j lars for his apprehension and delivery into any jail in this State. The said Daley, alias Kennan, is about forty- i five years old, five feet five or six inches hi#h, rather stout, blue eyes, frnnt Inolli mil mwl ? > ?u!, uiiu i.t ?u ji laiiimtii uy birth. Given under my hand and $ , I the seal oi the Stale, at Co( " s' ^ Inmhia; the 24th day of Januaiv, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and (if ty-one, and in the seventy-fifth year of the sovereignty and Independence . of the United Slates of America. J. H. MEANS. , B. K. Hrneoan, Sec'y of State. Jan. 30, 1851. < 0^7~The Ki'innri? R?iJTri? A.. I _ _ w. M.+ nu a \jv% n r> bott, Eso , beg leeve to announce , him as a Candidate for Siu-i iti ~ I Pic.kenu District, at the ensuing elec ti>*. , 03"" WE are authorised to an- ' nounce Capt. John Geurin as a an- "J didate for Sheriff of Pickens Ditrict ( 11? e nsuing election. 1 South Carolina. | PICKENX DISTRICT. ( Jno Myers, and i Against (lie heirs Henry Myers and > of ] others, applicants, ) fiobt Hcnnea, ] IT appearing to my satisfaction 1 that part of the heirs of Robert ' Honnca reside without the limits of 1 this State, it is therefore ordered that * they do appear and object to the division or uale of the real estate of Henry Myers on or before the se- j cond dav of Juno nxt. nr ilmir sent to the same will be entered of record. , VV. I). STEELE, o. p. d. Ordinary's Office, , Pickens C. H., March 1, 1851. _ 8 WE are n??'hori?ed to announce f EDMUND HERNDON as a Candidate for Tax-Collector o Pickens District (lt ina ono..'.r.~ ? ?..... .v. ? ? 11IU v?>iov?iil|? CIQl/ tio?. b.r. pbmkt.] [e. m. kbits. PERRY Sl KEITH, AUo^iieyo nl Law. j Will Practice in the Courts of Law and j Equity for Pickens District. \ Or kick, Pickens 0. H., 8.0. October 1, 1849# tjf? i MOKE M5 W CiOODH { at QREENVNLILIE PRSOEt. ALEXANDER A BARTON. PICKENSVILLE. S. C. March 10, 1861. 43?tf NOTICE. ILEVENA KELLY, wife bf William Kelly, residing in Pickens District, lie'?*by give notice of my intention to become Sole Trader, and to enjoy all the privileges of a Free Dealer, in the occupation of Basket-maker, &c., after the expiration of one month from this day. L EVEN A KELLY. March 29, 1851. 29?ml n o tTce. is hereby given that application will be made to the Board of Commissioners of Roads for the 5th Regiment of S. C. Militia, for the discontinuance of the Reed's Ford Road?the Mauldins Ford Road, and so much of the old Road leading from Pickens C. H. to Pendleton as is not used by the Greenville road or the new road from Pickens to Pendleton. By order of the General Board of Commissioners of Roads. E. (?. GAINES, > , Hi L. GAINES, \ rs* I'ick, is U. H., S. U., Jan. 7, 1851. 31 3m THE BRITISH PERIODICALS and thr FARMEm'? ?UJOPIE. Leonnrd Soott <fe Co., 5-1 Gold-st., N. Y., CONTINUE to publish tho four lending British Quarterly Reviews nnd Blackwood's Magazine; in addition to which they have recently commencod the publication of a valuable Agricultural work, called the "Farmer's Guidd to Scientific and Practical ^Ioricultitre." bv Ilenrv Sip J J phens, F. R. S., of Edinburgh, author of the "Book of the Farm," Ac., Ac., (insisted by John P. Norton, M. A , New Haven, Professor ef Scientific Agriculture in Yalo College, etc., Ac., This highly valuable work will comprise two large royal octavo volumes, containing over 1,400 pages, with 18 or 20 splendid steel eugravings, and more than 000 engravings on wood, in the highest stylo of the urt, illustrating almost every implement of husbandry now in use by the best farmers, the best methods of pic wing, planing, hav ing, harvesting, Ac. Ac., the various domestic animals in their highest perfection ; in short, the pictorial feature nf the book is lininnn rtrwl will ~ 11 * * .|Uv, ...... " 111 ciiuci it 01 incaicuiilDIC value to the student of agriculture. The work is being published in semimonthly numbers, of i 4 pages each, ex[ luMve of /ho steel engravings, and is sold it 25 cents each, or $5 for the entire work in numbers, of which there will be at least 22. The British Periodicals republished are us follow*, viz: | London Qcaim'Krly Review, (Conser'tivc) Kdindi koii Review, (Whig.) North Biutisii Review, (Free Church,) Westminister Review, (Liberal.) and Hi IPirWAAn'o T? ~ ..V....VW o ui/itiuilVUJI 1?1AUA?1MS| (Tory.) Although these works are distinguished by the political shades above indicated, yet but a small portion of their contents isde rote to political supjects, It is their literiry character which give# them their chii;f value, and in that they stand confessedly far ibove nil other journals of their class. Black wood, still under the masterly guidance of Phristopher North, maintains its ancient jelebrity, and is at this time unusually attractive, from the serial works of Bulwer lud other literary notables, writteu for that magazine, and first appearing in its eolumns txitli in Great Britain and in the United States. Such works as The C.ixtons, and My New Novel, (both hy Bulwer) My Peuinsular A/edal, The Green Hand, and sther serials, of which numerous rival editions are issuep by tho leading publishers n this country, have to be reprintod hy hose publishers from the pages of Blackwood after ii has been issued by 3/essri. Scott Co., so that the subscribers to tho eprint of that magaziue may always rely >n having the earlievt reading of these fascinating tales. TERMS: For nny one of the 4 Reviews, $3 00 pr an'in nntr I uta /1a k nA " w. .... j vnv UU, U W <\>rnny three do. 7 00 " ?'or nil four of the Reviews, 8 00 " ?or B ackv/jKxl'ii Mngnzine, 8 00 ' ?or Blackwood and three ReviewB, 9 00 " "or Blackwood and the four Reviews, 10 00 " ''or Farmer's Guide, (complete in 22 Nnmbern,) 5 00 ' Payments to be made in all eaten in \u\xinct Money current in tho States where issued vill be received at pnr. jyjr Remittances and communications hould be always addressed post-paid, or ranked, to the publishers. LEONARD 8COTT & CO,, 70 Fulton street, New York, Entrance 64 Gold street. NOTICE. A LL persons indebted to the subljl senbers prior to the first of Janiftry last, will save cost by settling mmorliotnlu t>a ?>r* Iamoou UW luu^ri iiium^rMi ?1 vill he given, P. 3l E. E. ALEXANDER. Feb. 1, 1831. 37?tf. SOUTH CAROLINA. In equity?Pickens District Isaac Holden and^ wife, Jane, I ?... - ? vs i mil tor Partition Jane N u-holson, >??(! Sale ofltenl widow, Evan Nic- Instate. holson, et. al. rpHE Complainants having filer! .1. their Bill in my Oftico, and it appearing to my satisfaction thai Evan Nicholson, James Loveless and wife Sarah, William llolden and wife Martha, William Nicholson, Mni'Hwni > unvi vrnu i>liilliuia, parties Defendants to the said Bill of complaint, on motion of Perry &, Keith, Comp. Sol's., It is Ordered, That the ahove named Defendants to the said Bill of complaint do appear, plead, answer, or d<*mur to the aforementioned Bill i ot ccomplaint within three months from this dale, or otherwise the Bill will be taken as them pro confesso. MILES M. NORTON, C. K. P. D. Commissioner's Office, ? Pickens, 15 March, 1801. $ 44?lt3 SOUTH CAROLINA. PICKF.N DISTRICT?IN EQUITY. Jas. MuUiken ) Bill for Partition &, wife Malinda vs > of Real Estate. Martha Norton, ) Robt Wilson & ) wife Sarah, et al. S The complain nts having filed their 13iii in my office, ana it appearing to my satisfaction thai the heirs of /ipporah Forbes, deceased, viz Elmina, Adolphus, Nelson Forbes and others, and the heirs at law of Martha Forbes, deceased, viz: Jeptha, Eliza, (ieorge, Forbes and others, reseda from and without the limits of this State, on motion of Perry &, Keith, comps. sol s., l. ?...i i -I ii is umi'ieu i iitii me anove named Defendants, the heirs at law of Zipporah Forbes and Martha Forbes, de ceased, do appear and plead, answer, or demur to the above stated Bill of complaint within three months from this date, or otherwise the Bill wili be taken as to them jvro confegso. M. M. N0K7 GN, V. E. P. D. | March 10, 1851 43-3i? SJUTH CAROLINA. PickciiN Disli'tct. IN EQll V. Benj. F. Kilpatrick ) and wife and others, > vs ) Bill for Part. Thom. H Jones & / wife, and others. $ It appearing to my satisfaction, that Thomas I I. Jones, David Jones, Susan C. Jones, Lucinda J. Jones, Hebecca C. Jones, Nancy Jones, Martha M. Jones and Matilda C. Jones; defendants lo this Bill, children of Ilart well Jones, and Mary his deceased wife, formerly Mary ?.wi * r ?m\i nun n en in vv in .?t'MSU Strihling dec'd. late of this District, reside from and without the limits of this State. On motion of H. C. Young Comp. Sol. It is ordered that the said defendants do appear and answc or demur to said Bill of complaint, within three months from this date, o? their consent to the same will be taken pro confesso. M.M.NORTON, c. e. r. d. Gomm'rsOflico. ) Nov. 7, 1850.' \ 25?3m , ** ? PICKENS DISTRICT. IN COMMON PLEAS. Spencer W. Nix, who is in the custody of the Sheriff of Pickens District hy virtue of a writ of Capias ad Satisfaciendum at the suit of tho State having filed in my office, tofather with a Schedule, on oath, of lis estate and effects, his partition to llie Court of Common Pleas, praying I hat he may he admitted to the ben-f 11. . - x < .1 ' "> " em ui me acis 01 ine General Assembly made for I be rebel of Insolvent debtors: It is ordered, that the said 8tfite of South Carolina and all other the creditors to whom the said Spencer W. Nix is in anywise indebted be, and they aifl hereby summoned and have notice to appear before the said Court at Pickens Court 1.1^. ii.. IL:-j I e a -l iluuar i?n nit; llliru Uiiy OI /ipi'll 116X1 to show cause if any they can, why the prayer of the petitioner aforesaid* should not be kranted. W. L. KEITH, c. o. p. Office of Common Pleas, ) Pickens District, Jan y 1,1851 \ 33 3m SHERIFFS SALEST Pickens District. BY VIRTVM or WRITS OF KIKRI facias to MR DIRKOTBD. Will be sold before the Court?hou*e in I'ickens District, within the legal hours, on the fin>t Monday and Tues* day in April m?xt: On Tuesday after saled ''ay at the house of B. B. Moseley, one two yoar old colt, levied on as the propfrty of M. Banks at the suiit of J. lagood. J. A. DOYLF. s. F? D* Jlfarch 8,1850.