WINNSBORO, S. C.. WEDNESDAY MORNING.,DECEMBE 15, 1875. J fAIIPIB LB Il E11 I Ia POtiLIItCn WKV.KLY DY WV I L L fI M & I) st A I 8. .rm.--Thbe IA'RA 1.1) it pablished Week. y in i ie' Aor.o(W inn.boup, si '98.00 rneariably it! Advnance. g&-i All Ir'-lent Q4verttieh'ente to be rAil) IN AD V.4Nu. Ob>itunry Nouices ani Tributee $1.0o per t quire. ExpettseM of. a i hres. There is a .very general opinion that anybody can run a circus, and that the business is . immensely profitablo. The following statement; which we clip from an exchange will give some idea of the cost of running such a concern "Fifty thousand dollars is noth ing for o disastrous season to swallow up and bankrupt any but the very few of the most solid mainagers, such as Barnum, Forepaugh, the Van Amburgh establishment, John Robinson, and probably a few others. A first-class canvas show cannot be put on the road for loss than $150,000-in c:nvts an.i equipages, horses and other animals. A full menagerie costs a mint of money to buy and to keep. A rhinoceros is. worth $10, 000, anal a hippopotamus would turn up his noso at $20,000.. Elephants' antd giraffes are worth $5,000. each. An oatrich $1,000. A pair of lions w5,000. A pair of tigers, ditto. Leopards, panthers and cougars from 61,000 to $1,500 each. Griz zly bears $3,000.. Black bearm andI wolves $500 to $800. Sacred cows and bulls $1,000. A cage of mon keys and one of rare birds, about the same, say $2,000 each. A sea lion is worth $5,000. Snakes are not so dear, because they are not so at tractive. They range from $25 to 3300 each. Itailroads charge $300 to $400 a day for transportation, and t:axes and licenses are from $150 to $300 per day. Posting bills costs X15() a day, and then there are agents and canvas men and many others to be supported. Circus egents are said to get from $30 to $100 a week,. according to quality. Equestrians, $50 to $300; eques trionnes, from $75 to $150; clowns command from $50 to $150, ac cording to fun or fame ; gymnasts, a few, got $125 per week, but the majority of vaulters and tumblers do not rise above $20 a week. There are generally a good many of of them, though, which counts up. The calculation . of profits is made upon th, basis of the full seating capacity of the canvas, and when you see a scattered audjence, like a picked bird, at a traveling show, it is pretty sure that the circus is going. to rack. VEnY OLD LAWS-By the laws Of Plynbutlh colony in 1651, ,"dancing at weddings was forbidden." In In 1660 "one William Walker was imprisoned a month for court ing a matid without the leave of her parents." In 1675, because "there is manifest pride appearing in our streets," the "wearing of long hair or periwigs," and also "superstitious ribands, used to tie up and deco. rate thme hair," weore forbidden under severe penalty;, the keeping of Christmas was al'so forbidden, "be cause it wvas a popish custom." In 16177 an act was passed "to prevel4 the profaneness of turning thle baelc upon the public worship before It was fiished and the blessing pro. nounced." Towns were directed to erect a cage near the meeting-house and in this all offenders agamnst the sanctity of the Sabbath wecre con fined. At the same time children were directed to be placed in a par ticular part of the meeting-house, aplart by themselves, and tything.. men wore ordered to be chosen, whose duty it should be to take care of them. So strict wvere they in their observance of the Sabbath that "John Athierton, a soldier of Col. Tyng's comp)any," wvas fined forty shillings for wetting a piece of an old hat to put into his shoes, which chafed his feet on thme march ; and those who noglectedl to attend meeting for three months were publicly whipped. Even in Harvard College, students wvere wvhipped for gross offenses, in presence of students and profeors, andl~ prayersH weo had before and after the infliction of the punish mont. Lvrs CameAco PoEra.-"My son," saidl old Keizle, appearing at the head of the stairs with a suspi cious looking strap in his hand, "sit is now the rosy time of morn, and1( Aurora shines high in the heavens, wuarming thme heart of the lark as h~e soars aloft filling the air with is melodies. Awake, my son, and breathe thou the freshness of a new born day I" "Lot Aurora shine as high as she pleasos0, naught I ask but sleep," said Tom, as lie pulled thme blankets close about and turned over ; but old Keizle was not to be trifled wtand gtherin the blankets in o hand, he roared : ."Buit, my son, the busy day, waked by the lark, hath reused the ribald cow, and them infernal hogs* is in the cornfield raisin' blazes with the fodder I Git up, you lazy, snorin' hound you, or I'll blister your hide wuss'n a yallor jacket 1" "I come I" replied Tom, as he arose from his couch of rest And rye straw with the alaerity of a, .rekof spring' lightning. words when called upon for a speech he certainly becomes very verbose wheni he comes to the making up of his anpual .message to congress. His last effort is long enough for all purposes and much too long for the average reader of newspapers. It occupies seven and one-half columns of the Charleston News d Courier and is. therefore very full upon all the matters considered. We have not epa$ for the publication of the message entire, but give the follow ing concluding paragraphs, in which the president briefly sums up his views on what he seems to consider the most important questions upon which the representatives of the American people must deliberate and act : As this will be the last annual message which I shall have the honor of transmitting to Congress before my successor is chosen, I will re peat or recapitulate the questions which I deem of vital importance, and which may be legislated upon and settled at this session: First. That the States shall be re juirod to afford the opportunity of a good common school education to every child within their limits. Second. No sectarian tenets shall ever be taught in any school sup ported, in whole or part, by the State, nation, or by the proceeds of any tax levied upon any community. Make education compulsory, as far as to deprive all persons who can not read and write from becoming voters after the year 1890. It is franchising none, however, on grounds of of illiteracy who may be voters at the time that this amend ment takes effect. Third. Declare the Church and State forever separate and distinct, but each free within their proper spheres, and that all church proper ty shall bear its own proportion of taxation. Fourth. Drive out licensed im morality, such as polygamy and the importation of women for illegiti mate purposes. To recur again to the Centennial year, it would seem us Lhough now as we are about to begin the second century of our national existence, would be a most fitting time for these reforms. Fifth. Enact such laws as will ensure a speedy return to a sound currency, such as will command the respect of the world. Believing that these views will c )mmend themselves to the great majority of right-thinking "tad patriotic citizens of the United States, I submit the rest to Con gress. U. S. GRANT. Executive Mansion, Dec. 7, 1875. ART IMITATING ATUR.-The New York Tribune, in speaking of the manner in which nature is imitated now by the artist, says : At the Paris exhibition of 1839 a jewel maker, M. Topart, showed four strings of p earls, two of them real, and two fltse, which the best in formed could not distingush, yet one may be set down as costing seven shillings and the other ?700. It may be added, also, that diamonds are now manufactured in Paris, and largely imported into the United States by a New York jeweler, that cannot be told from the real dia mondl, nnless by the best experts. They are Swiss quartz coated with dust from diamonds, just as the type-maker electrotypes his metal, covering it with a surface of copper. The same dlIference exists in the p~rices as in the pearls noted above. An embarrassing incidentha pened to a Whitehall, New York clergyman recently. He married a couple and when lhe examined the fee found it was a $100 bill. The next day the bridegroom telegraphed that it was a mistake--he meant to have handed him a $10 bill. The clergyman replied that it was too late to rectify the mistake, as lhe had joyfully used the money to liquidate a long standing debt. An extremely sensible Presby terian merchant, acting upon the personal solicitation of Presdent McCosh, has given five billiard tables to Princeton College, to be placed in the gymnasium. Presi. (lont McCosh believes thme students wvill now have less inducements to visit the billiard saloons where in toxicating liquors are sold. WV. T. Gary, Esq., of Edgefild, has obtained a verdict ,.of $8,000 dlamnages against the Charlotte, Columbia and Augusta railroad, for injuries received by an accident on that road. The recent rice harvest in ,Tapan was more abundant than it has been for many years ; and the native papers have much to say about s ice reaping ma'hine that has been recently invented. "J imi," inquired a schoolboy o one of his mates "what is the mean ing of relics ?" "D'on't you know the master licked me in school yes. terday ?" "Yes." "Well, he wasn't satisfied with that, but kept m4 after school and licked me again That is what I call a r'elick" The Eri !Al Paty. A MOTBER-IN-LAW EXEROIS03 "33 PrI. LEGES WHILE ON A WEDDING TRIP. There were three of them. One was a bride, the other a happy groom with rod ears and maiden whiskers, and the third was the bride's mother. They were at the Grand Trunk depot, yesterday morning, to take the train West. The young man clasped the young wife's fat hand, rolled up his eyes, and they seemed happy, while the mother in-law paraded up and down the sitting room with lordly air, and seemed well satisfied. Pretty soon the groom went out, and when he returned he threw five pop-corn c balls and a big bar of peanut candy r into the bride's lap, and handed the old lady another. She turned up her nose, raised her spectacles, and thus addressed the young man with red ears : "See here, Peter White, you r are married to Sabintha, ain't yout" "Why, of course." "And I have a right to fool an interest in you ?" "Of course." .t "And we are now on your bridal t tour, ain't we t" "Yes." "Well, now, you've been squander ing money all along, Peter. You took a hack ; you bought oysters ; you bought a jackknife. and you've just thrown money away. I feel r that it is my duty to tell you to hold up before you make a fool of 'j yourself I" "Whose money is this t" he asked, growing very red in the face. "It is yours, and what is yours is Sabintha's, and it is my duty as her u mother to speak out when I see you fooling your money away." "I guess I can take care of my d money," he retorted. "Perhaps you can, Peter White ; 'a but there are those in your family d who can't." He struggled with his feelings as the bride shook her head at him, e and then asked: "Did I marry you ?" "No, sir, you didn't, you little bow-legged apology for a man ; t but I have .a right to speak for my daughter." "You can speak all you want to, but I want you to understand that I can manage my own affairs, and that I don't care for your advice." "Peter White," she slowly re sponded, waving the peanut candy close to his nose, "I see we've got to have a fuss, and we might as well have it now." "Ma I ma I" whispered the bride pulling at the old lady's shawl. "You needn't ma me, Sabintha ! This Peter White has deceived us both about his temper, and rm going to tell him just what I think of him I He commenced this fuss; and we'll see who'll end it." "You mind your business, and I'll 9 attend to mine 1" gredled Peter. C "Oh, you humpbacked hypocritel; I she hissed, jabbing at his eye with f the peanut bar. "Only a month ago you called me 'Mother +Hll' and was going to give me the best< room in tihe new house I" "You'll never have a room in a I house of mine !" he exclaimed.' "And I don't want one, you red-i eared hypocrite I" "Don' t, Peter-don't ma 1" sobbed the bride. "It's my duty, Sabintha ; it's your1 mother's J" "Don't cry, Sabby," ho inter rupted ; "don't mind what she says I" "Try to set my daughter up against me, will you 1" hissed the old lady, as she brought the peanut bar down on his nose. "Oh!I ma I" yelled the bride. "You old wretch I" hissed Peter, as he clawed at her. "None of the Whites will evfer run over me I" exclaimed the moth er-in law, as she got hold of his shir t-collar and hauled him around. "i'll knock your old I" "Yen canf knock nothing I" she interru ted, backing him against the table. "Ma I Oh-h-h I ma I" howled Sabintha. The dozen other passengers in the room, who had been interested and amused listeners, here inter rupted, and Peter was released from the old lady's grasp, his collar having been torn off ahd his cheek scratched. "I expected this and1 prepared for it 1" panted the mother-in-law as she leaned against the wall. "This doesn't end it by any means I This bridal tower will come to a stop to-morrow, and then we'll see1 whether I've got any business to speak up for Sabintha or not !" As the train moved away the old lady wore a grim smile, Sabintha was weeping, and Peter was strug gling with another paper collar. .Detroit Free Press. The Territor'al Enterprise reports that in Nevada there is plenty of money to these who don't want it. That is vory much the case ela* where. The source of the Nile, ~o Speke Baker and LivinigatonoetI in vain to diseover has at lasb es discovered by Stanlef. a. ha DA14 sAILWAT co0MmA D. .epSt a 5PON5kDL2 t We publish a decision which will be of great interest to all dealora in Western supplies. The case was tried in Cincinnati, and was a suit )rought by a comaiission' Arm bf B althnore against an Ohio railway o recover the value of one' hundred )arrols of flour for which the rail vay accepted, but which the com nission merchants never received. party in Cincinnati received a bill af ang for two hundred barrels >f flour, and forwarded it to the 3altimore firm, who made largp ad ances on the strekgth of it to the or!signor.- Only one hundred bar els were delivered, and the railway roved that only this number came eto their possession. The con ignor becoming bankrupt, the Bal imore firm brought suit against the, airoad company upon the bill of' iing. The Ohio court decided n favor of the jlefendant on the rounds that a bill of lading "is wt negotiable in the commercial enso of the term," and that it is Lot within the scope of the authori y of a railway employee to sign ills of lading for goods which ho oes not receive. It is to be pre tuned that this case will find its ray to the Supreme Court of Ohio, nd if the decision of the lower ourt be sustained by this tribunal is probable that there will be a evolution in Augusta in the method f doing business with the West. 'he custom which prevails here ow, and has prevailed for several ears, will, of necessity, be abolished s no prudent dealer would feel afe in continuing it. If a provis )n dealer orders a car load of orn or of bacon from Ohio or hicago the shipper draws a sight raft for the price, attaches to it lie railway company's bill of lading, mid forwards it for cohction. The ealer pays it, taking the bill of iding as a guarantee that the goods 3r which he pays have been dcliv red to the railroad, and are on the ray to Augusta. But under the lecision published he is absolutely t the mercy of the shipper and ekes the bill of lading at his peril. f he hat ordered ten thous md bushels I corn and pays a sight draft, with ill of lading attached, for the rice of ten thousand bushels, and nly one thousand bushels arrive, e has no redress in the event of he insolvency of 'the "arty from vhom he purchased. A case similar o that reported in Cincinnati is >ending in M.ryland, and in that tate the lower court held that the ailway company was responsible tpon its bill of lading whether the oods were actually received or not. -Augusta chronicle and Senti gel. There is a lady in Now York City rho was onee engaged to be marri d to John Wilkes Booth, but broke ' the match and requested the -eturn of her letters, which he re used. Her story goes that she mever heard directly from him again mntil two years after his reported leath, when a man called at her house bt dusk. She opened the door her elf ; lhe banded her a sealed pack age and disappeared. On opening t she discovered her own old love otters to Booth, and a line un nistakably in his hand. It was : 'I return your letters." Inside he letters was a piece of a Cuban iewspaper. She firmly believes hat Booth still lives. Abbeville .Press and Banner:; ['he Chief of Police and his assist nuts have been arrested for thme nurder of Jane Wynn, one of the ,oor, miserable creatures who wore carried to thme guard house at ~welvo o'clock at uight. She pro ~ested that she was not well, and Lppealed to them not to take her. She was locked up for two days ,when she took pnenmonia, and died ioon after being released. The National Temperance Society mye moved on the Centennial com niissionera in brave, array> and re Ilested themi to cancel all granta ~hey have made for the sale of wine it the Centennial. An Initer'nation ml Exhibition on the temperance ilan wvould be a. novelty, but it is eared that it would not excite the idmiration of Johnny Buill, Johnny rpaor even the visitors from [aderland. The "National Tom. xerance Society" had better with. Iraw its request to the Centennial aommissioners. On a Kentucky rap~id transit line, 'ecently, a passenger stop~od thel )rakesmani as he was going t rough, and asked : "How fast does this ~rain go ? A mile an hour 1" "It roes fast enough to suit us. If you lon't like the rate of speed, get out mud walk," was the rejoinder. "I would," replied the disgusted pas mnger, settling back in the corner >f his seat, "but my friends won't somne for me until the train gets . , md I don't want toewaitingasound4 Ihe depot for two or three, hours." phe bralI~esman pased, on. There I.asporter, I6 Naples who is Lb. fee simaile of ithe Geqnusp' Esape ror. I ~s to the ph~O grph era for iohij.l l irL in a ome thing1o Ceton 'hls in the South. aEAsONw WAY tEBT MUiT PATU-THe - Ar To woaKTan. The &ientfic American gives four reasons wbhy caitalist4 should invest In cotton mills at the South, to wit: 1., -Labor is cheaper at the South that at the North. 2. In consequence of a milder climate, the necessary expense of living is less than in Now England, as is also that of heating factory buildings, &c., 3. Coal is abundant in the South, and cheap water privileges can bo obtained itevery direction. 4. The purchase of the raw ma terial direct from the producer saves the profits of ntumerous middlemen and long transportation. The outhern factory, continues the Scient(fc American, should buy cotton in the -seed, gin and then spin it without packing into bales. Some of the advantages of such a system would be 1. The yarn would be stronger. Baled cotton cannot be prepared for carding without heating, and thus weakening the fibre to a great or or less extent. 2. There would be loss waste. Frequently much cotton is discolor ed and otherwise injured by foreign subatancos that hve boon packed with it. At the North and in Europe it takes from 108 to 115 pounds. of cotton to make 100 pounds of yarn ; and although the waste is not so great at the South, it is nevertheless considerable. 3. The cotton seed would be pressed at the same establishmenti and the oil and oil-cake sold. 4. The interest on gins and gin houses, which now are idle the greater part of the year, would be saved to planters. 5. The raising of cotton on small farms would be encouraged. The plahtation system is not fitted for free labor, and it is steadily break ing up ; but until cotton can be honestly sold in the seed, few small farms will be opened in