Newspaper Page Text
BY HOYT & HUMPHREYS.
ANDERSON C. H,, S. C, THURSDAY' MORNING, JULY 20, 1865.
VOLUME l.?NUMBER 5.
The Intelligencer
IS PUBLISHED 1YEEKLY
AT FIFTY CTS. FOE THESE MONTHS
IN SPECIE OR PROVISIONS.
JAMES A. HOYT & W. W. HUMPHREYS.
Proprietors. ?
Our Provisional Governor..
Wo congratulate the State on the ap?
pointment of the Hon. B.' F. Perry, as
Provisional Governor. The people have
everywhere manifested a renewed allegi?
ance to the. Constitution and laws of the
country. President Johnson has respond
ed t? this sontiment, and has selected as
the first civil officer under the new ad?
ministration of affairs, a native of the
State, whose private Jife is puro.and un?
stained, and whose public career has been
- marked by devotion to the Union of these
States, as a bond of common welfare.
Mr. Perry was born in Pickcns District.
South Carolina, on the 20th November,
1S05, and isiiow consequently in the six?
tieth year of his age. On his paternal
. bide his ancestors wore from Massachu?
setts ; ou the maternal from the mouu
. taiuous districts of the State.
He graduated at the bar in 1827, and:
located at Greenville, which has ever since
been his pl'ace^of residence.
Almost from his enfrance ^ipon man?
hood he has served in the councils of the
State in either branch of the General As?
sembly, where he established a reputation
as a clear headed, solid' thinker, firm in
his convictions- and lucid in their" utter?
ance; He has been prominently connec?
ted with nearly every public movement
iu the State during the agitation of the
,past thirty years,, and although in a mi?
nority, and at times when political excite?
ment ran high, and party and personal
feelings were invoked, he yet always
maintained hfs principles and preserved
his dignity of character. He has been the
unswerving friend of all measures of inter*
nal improvement. It was principally
" ??through his exertions in the Legislature
that the Greenville and Columbia Rail
?Road was constructed. Although he has
never held any conspicuous national office.
. yet in the State Iiis lite has been devoted
to the development .of her resources and
her improvement in arts,-mechanics and
manufactures.
Conservative in his habits and modes of
thought, ho has yvt been the advocate of
progress. In local politics, he luis long
been in favor of tho establishment of a
Penitontiaiy system, and of ^giving the
? election of Governor and of the -ISleetors
for President and Yice-President to the
people. These subjects he has advocated
with his voice and pen.
His first prominent appearance was in
1832, in opposition of Nd^Bcation. t Ho
had at that time the- editorial charge of
the Greenville Mountaineer, and boldly
stood by the Union. He regarded the'
idea- that a people could remain as mem?
bers of a Government and yet irt?ltfy the
laws, as*utterly delusive and contrary to
all principles of State or Federal Govern?
ment . He took issue with the views of
Mrt Calhoun and tho thon leading men of
the State on this subjcct,.and both through
the press, and as a member of the Con?
vention opposed-tho wholo movement.
Although ho carried .his district yet he*
found hi mself in? minority in the State,
and although always supported by the"
people of his own section, lias never held
distinguished political position. He 1ms
been throe times "a candidate for Con?
gress. In 1334 ho was nominated by the
Union party and was dofcatod on that is?
sue by the Hon. Warren P.. Davis by a
small majority, and shortly after by.Gen*
:eral Waddy Thompson, formerly Minister
to Mexico. He was again ? candidate in
1844. at the period of thesgrcat political
excitement for tho Presidency between
Geuerals. Taylor and Cass. Mr.m Perry
advocated the claims of General Cass as a
Democrat. -Colonel J. L. Orr, his oppo?
nent, the eloctioo^if General Taylor. Co?
lonel Orr was elected, through the com?
bined influence of. the Whigsand a por?
tion of the Democray.
In tho memorable struggle of 1850'Mr.
Perry earnestly opposed disunion, and
contributed greatly to the triumph of the
Co-operation over the Socession party of
the State. Ho has never acknowledged
the. right of Secession or of withdrawing
from the Union as an inherent, organic
right, but* has always maintained that' it
was neither more nor loss than the right
of revolution. In one of his addrosses he
defines his position. "It should," says he,
"never be a part of ourpolitical creed to
despair of the Republic. We should look
to the Union o? the States, as it was ori?
ginally formed under the Federal Consti?
tution, not only as the greatest of all our
political blessings, but in the language of
Mr. Webster, illustrating the sontiments
and heart of Washington, as ' the great
treasure-hon?e which contains them all.'"
When the late ex-Governor Adams re
coir?wnded, in ono of his annual mes?
sages, the revival of the African slave
trade, Mr. Perry took distinet ground
airainst the measure, and with him eoncur
red a large majority of tho Legislature.
He was in favor of South Carolina being
represented in the Democratic National
Convention, and was one of forty mem?
bers of the General Assembly who-signed
an appeal to the people to that effect in
1859. He was a member of tho Conven?
tion which met in Charleston in April,
1860; and when the various delegations
scceded'from that body, and even his own
colleagues,-he remainedalone and contin?
ued with its deliberations until its adjourn?
ment.
? We are not aware that Mr. Perry, dur?
ing tho troubles of the past four years, has
taken any prominent part in affairs. On'
the election of Judge Magrath to the of
fice_of Governor last fall, we believe Mr.
Perry was. appointed Confederate Judge.
Iu his profession Mr. Perry has been
eminently successful, and ranks among
the abl?st lawyers of the State, lie is a
-man of study and reflection. Although
.differing from the State on most of the
past political issues, he is yet animated
by a warm love of her people, and an ar?
dent desire for their welfare. Strong in
hie convictions of right, and. earnest and
immovable in their maintenance, he is at
the same time without political vindictive^
ness or partisanship. In manners 4?o is
courteous and dignified?in character
without reproach- or stixlin.?Chariest<m
Courier.
Washington, July 1,18S5.
President Johnson has appointed'Ben?
jamin F. Perry, of South Carolina, Pro?
visional Governor of that State, whose
duty it shall be, at tho earliest practica?
ble period to prescribe such rules as may
be necessary and proper for convening a
Convention, composed of delegates to be
chosen by .that portion of the people who
arc loyal to the United States, and no
others, for the purpose of altering the
Constitution thereof, and with authority
to exercise within the limits ofthat State
all the powers necessary and proper to
enable such loyal people of South Caroli?
na to restore said State to its constitu?
tional relations to the Federal Govern?
ment, and to present such republican
form o? State Government as will entitle
the State to the guarantees of the United
States therefor, and its people to protec?
tion by the United Stales against iuvasit n
insurrection and domestic violence; pro?
vided that in any election that may be
hereafter, held for electing delegates to
any State Convention, as "aforesaid, no
person shall bo qualified as . an elector, or
shall be. eligible as a member of such Con?
vention unless he shall' have previously
taken and subscribed to the oath of am?
nesty as set 'forth in the President's proc?
lamation of May 29, 1865, and is a voter,
qualified as prescribed by the Constitution
and laws of South Carolina in forco im?
mediately before tho 17th day of Novem?
ber, 18G0, th'o date of the so-called ordi?
nance of secession. *
The President's proclamation is in the
"same form as those already issued appoint?
ing Provisional Governors for the late rc-<
bcllious States. *
~ Governors .have now been appointed
for all the lato rebel States with tho ex?
ception of Florida. ?
GltEENVlLLE AND COLUMBIA R. P.?
The Columbia Phoenix, of July 4th, says:
On and after the 2d, trains will run as
follows: Leave Alston on every. Mon?
day, -Wednesday and Friday^at 5 O'clock
A.M.; leaving Greenville on Tuesdays,
Thursdays and Saturdays, arriving at
AlstoV same days. The traveller will
uote these regulations. A private letter
to the Phoenix, from Mr. J. B. LaSalle,
tho. excellent superintendent, advises us
of the commendable progress" which is
being made in the'reconstruction of the
work. We trust that the day of disaster
has fully passed?-that there will bo neith?
er freshets nor foes to tear up and destroy
during the next three generations. We
give an extract from tho encouraging
letter of Mr. LaSalle:
" We are making rapid progress with
tho completion towards Columbia. We
have a corps of engineers on tho line being
located or completed or ?experimented.?
The location is far advanced, and we ex?
pect in_a very short tijne to' put a build?
ing forco upon it, though a portion of the
work will be somewhat troublesome. We
expect in the course of a few months to
have the sound of the whistle tolling of
our speedy approach. Our motive pow?
er and rolling stock has been very much
reduced, which compels us to run-only
the throe trains per week."
Speech of Gov. Johnson, of Geo.
The following is a synopsis of the
speech recently made in Augusta by the
Hon. James Johnson, Provisional Gover?
nor of Georgia:
Governor Johnson stated that he had
been commissioned by tho President of
tho United States Provisional Governor
of Georgia, and that by the terms of his
commission his chief, he might say his on
1}- business was to provide for the re-or?
ganization of civil Government, and the
restoration of Georgia to her proper rela?
tions to the Union.
That altm.ight understand how this de?
sirable object might be effected, he pro?
posed as briefly as possible to explain the
process, according to his own comprehen?
sion of it. The first and most important
'step was for the people, one and all who
were entitled to amnesty, to qualify them?
selves as votersin the approaching elec?
tion. The oath to betaken and subscrib?
ed, was that prescribed in President John?
son's proclamation of the -29th of May,
18(55. The fact that a citizen has taken
the oath under the proclamation of Pres?
ident Lincoln,"will not avail for the pro?
tection of his personal and property rights.
He would not undertake to state even the
reasons of this policy. Let it suffice that
it had been so ordered by the Executive
of the United States, who had Constitu?
tional control of the matter.. To enable
the citizens to take this oath, the Secre?
tary of Slate had declared that any com?
missioned officer of the United States, civ?
il, military or naval, might administer it
to proper applicants. Before taking the
oath, however, the applicant was required
to make affidavit that ho did not belong
to any of the excepted classes. Having
done this, he was then allowed,.the Oath
of amn'esty, which operated as a pardon
for all past political offences, and restbred
him fully to the rights of citizenship. The
original oath was retained by the officer
and transmitted to "Washington for regis?
try, and a certified copy was furnished the
citizen, which was in all eases proof of his
right to the. elective franchise and his el?
igibility to office. In cascihe applicant
belonged to the excepted classes, he still
took the oath. But instead of receiving
a certified copy, he was furnished with
tb,c original affidavit,and if he desired spe?
cial pardon, be forwarded to the Presi?
dent a written statement of the facts and
to that statement attached tho original
oa.th. If pardoned by the President, of
course all his disabilities will be removed.
The distinguished speaker stated, in
this connection, that for the present ho
had no*powcr himself to entertain appli
cafions for pardon, but that it was prob?
able these applications would be, after a
littlo, referred to the Provisional Govern?
or. In that event, he would do every?
thing consistent with the public interest
to relieve his fellow citizens of pains and
penalties. He knew, likewise, that the
Government did not seek to inflict suffer?
ing or impose hardships on the people, it
only insisted on a sufficient guaranty for
futuro good eon duct.
. jSor was it the design of the Govern?
ment to humiliate the people by this ex?
action of an oath,- but it simply exercised
its rights to prevont any but its friends
from using political power. Some objec?
ted to taking the oath because it ploughed
the citizen to support the proclamations
touching slavery. Tliis had ceased to be
a practical question. The constitutional
amendment abolishing slavery only lack?
ed two States for its' adoption, and it was
morally certain that Kentucky, New Jer?
sey, Dclawaro and probably Virginia,
would adopi it. Furthermore said Gov?
ernor Johnson, I venture the legal opin?
ion that slavory is dead, by virtue of tho
war power of tho United States. His
argument on this point was profoundly
logical, and earned conviction to every
mind. Nor did he believe that the work
of emancipation would stop with the
,,?outhern States. It would extend to Cu?
ba, Brasil, and even the slaveholding dis?
tricts of Africa, and that they would enjpy
a higher prosperity under.the new system
of labor. .
Others objected to tho oath because it
required tho citizen to swear to the sup?
port of tho Union. Our views upon this
question must be^ materially modified.
The South has made a gigantic and a gal?
lant effort for independence, and has fail?
ed. She must^ live in tho Union, or not
live at all. And why, said Gov. Johnson,
should we not support and cherish tho
Union ? Were we not born and "reared,
in it ? Have we not prospered under it ?
When God in ancient times would divide
tho people, ho did ffr not. with SAvOrd and
spear, but by the confusion of tongues.
But we are, said he, of one speech and of
one origin. We have the same mountain
chains and mighty rivers, and the samo
broad lakes. Wo are "ftne in all respects,
and I tnink will be one in destiny.
I appeal to you as Georgians, said the
Governor, in conclusion, to assist rac in
this good work of reconstruction. Don't
despair of the fortunes of your State.
True your sufferings have been fearful;
but nations, like individuals, are perfected
through much tribulation. Although our
territory has been wasted by fire and
sword, and our fairest and most flourish?
ing cities have been destroyod, yet, with
proper thrift and manful energy, we can
rebuild these waste places and repair tho
desolations of war. Let us be instructed
by the past, that war is a dreadful evil,
and when undertaken ?without just cause,
a crime against God and humanity. Let
us cultivate kindly feelings towards all
men, and cherish the fipiiit of an enlarged
philanthropy in our intercourse with other
nations, nappy, he exclaimed, is the
people who profess ?uch a spirit, and
thrice happy is the people Avhose God is
the Lord.
-o-.
The Oath of Office.
Under the Government of the United
States, by an Act of Congress passed in
1862, no man can hold office save he tako
the following oath : ,
I,-, do solemnly swear (>r
affirm) that I have never voluntarily
borne arms against the United States
since I have been a citizen thereof; that
I have voluntarily given no aid, counte?
nance, counsel or encouragement to per?
sons ongaged in armed hostility thereto;
that'I have neither sought nor accepted,
nor attempted to exercise the functions of
any office whatever, under any authority or
pretended authority, in armed hostility to
the United States; that I have, not yield?
ed a voluntaiy support to any pretended
Government, authority, power or con?
stitution within the United States, hostile
or inimicablc thereto. And I do further
swear (or affirm) that-to the best of my
knowledgo and ability, I. will support and
defend the Constitution of the United
States agaiuSt all enemies, foreign or do?
mestic; that I, will bear true faith and al?
legiance to the' same; that I take this
obligation freely, without any mental re?
servation -or purpose of .evasion. So help
me God. X
And any person who shall falsely take
the said oath shall be guilt)' of pftjury,
and on conviction, in addition to other1
penalties now prescribed for that offeneo,
shall be deprived of his office, and render?
ed incapable forever after of holding any
office or place under tho United States.
?frApproved July 2,1SG2. ?
-+
Horace Greely's A?vice to the jSTe-.
oro. ??Wo hear that many of the blacks,
thoroughly distrusting their old masters,
place-all confidence in the Yankees who
have recently como among them on al?
most any terms. "We regret this; for
while many of these Yankees will justify
that confidence, others will grossly abuse
it. New England produces many of the
best specimens of the human race, and
along with these, 6omc or tho very mean?
est beings that ever stood on two legs?
cunning, rapacious, hypocriting,ever ready
to skin a^flyt with a borrowed knife and
"make (for others) a s'??p out of the peel?
ing. This class soon 'becomes too well
known at home?'run out/?as the phrase
is?when they wander all over the earth
sh?filing and swindling, to the injury and
shamo of the land that bore them and
cast them out. Now lot it be generally
presumed by tho ignorant blacks of the
South that a Yankee, because a Yankee,
is necessarily their friend, and this un?
clean brood will overspread thc?5outh like
locusts, starting schools and prayer meet?
ings at every cross roads, getting hold of
abandoned or confiscated plantations.and
hiring laborers right and and left, cutting
timber here, trying out tar and turpentine
there, and growing corn, cotton, rice and
sugar, which they will have sold at the
errliest day arid run away with the pro?
ceeds, leaving the negroes in rrfgs and
foodless, with tho winter just comirTg:on.
The cup is full?we have no more to
say!
The Labor Question.?The New^York
Herald has the following summary at the
close of an, editorial upon the labor ques?
tion at tho South :
" The labor question, which is also in?
cluded, in reconstruction, admits of a
very simple ? solution. Those Southern?
ers, white or black: who will not work,
must starve.; This is the invariable rule
throughout the United States, and Aye see
no reason to make a special exception in
favor of either the recent rebels or tho
m
recent slaves. ? We will hav.ono appendix
to the abolition agitation. The negro
ought to be let' alone sevcroly for a year
or two, a*id he will then manage to take
care of himself. We pursue this policy
with our white population. Why should
we -aabpt a. different policy towards the
blacks? ' ?
Antony and Cleopatra?
The following exquisite poem was written by
Brig. Gen. W. H. Lyttle, of the Federal Army,
who was killed at Chicamauga. He was no less a
poet than a soldier, and the following lines entitle
him to rank among the foremost:
. I am dying, Egypt, dying,
Ebbs the crimson life tide fast,
And the dark Plutonian shadows,
Gather on the evening blast;
Let thine arm, 0 Queen, support, me,
Hush thy sobs and bow thine ear,
Hearken to the great heart secret,
Thou, md thou alone, must hear.
Though my scarred ane. veteran legions,.
Bear their eagles high no more,
And my wrecked and scattered galleys,
Strew dark Actium's .ftttajjakore,
Thoughxo glittering guao&iiirrouud me,
' Promp: to do their master's will,
, I must parish like a Roman,
Die thi> great Triumvir still.
Let notCeasar's servile minions,
Vock vhe lion thus laid low,
'Twas no foemaals hand that slew him,
4Twas his own that struck the blow,
Hear, then, pillowed on thy bosom,
Ere his star fades quite away,
Him, who drunk with my caresses,
Madly threw a world away. *
And the-i, star eyed Egyptian,
Glorious sorcerer of the Nile,
Light the path to-Stygian horrors,
With the splendors of thy smile,
Give this Oeasar crowns and arches,
Let his brow with Laurel twine,
I can scorn the Senate's triumph,
Triumphing in love like thine.
I am dying, Egypt, dying,
. Hark the insulting focmnn's cry,
They're coming?quick, my falchion'
_ Let me face them ere I die?
Oh ! no more amid the battle,
Will my voice exulting swell,
Isis and Osiris guard thee,
Cleopatra! Borne! Farewell!
-.
The Situation.?General Terry, com?
manding in Virginia, received orders
from Wafchington on the 3d inst. to mus?
ter out all troops'inhis department whose
services are no longer needed. The mat
tor of the mustering out is loft to General
Terry's discretion, an"d, as a large num?
ber of troops are still needed iir tho State,
it is thought that this force will not im?
mediately be materially reduced. Gov?
ernor Pierpoiht has abolished the old Vir?
ginia Court of Appeals. Mr. Picrpoint
expects to have civil government in the
State-in good running order by the 1st of j
August.
A Louisville despatch states that Gen?
eral Logan, commanding tho Army of J
tho Tennesseee, has issued an order for
the immediate mustering out of service of ]
his entire force.
Three different columns of troops are
now cn route tor tho Powder river coun?
try from Columbus, Nebraska, and Port
Laramie, to operate against the hostile
tribes of our far western Plains. -
It is announced that General Hooker
will shortly supersede General. Dix in
tho command of flic Department of the
East, the headquarters of which are in
this city.
General Ord yesterday assumed com?
mand of the Northern Military Depart?
ment, with headquarters at Detroit.
General Gordon Granger-, commanding
in Texas, in a recently issued order gives
the people of that State distnictl^ to un?
derstand that slavery has ceased to exist
there, and that tbis% mult involves an
equality of personal rights and rights of i
property between the negroes and their
former masters.""' At the same time he
counsels the coloured people to reraafh
on the plantations and continue work,
and warns them against idleness.
[New York Herald, 7th.
-;- -
The Fourth in New YoRK.-r-The New
York Herald of the 5th says :
The eighty-sixth anniversary of our in?
dependence " was observed in this city
yesterday with all the eclat New Yoik
crs could give to the*occasion. The 'mili?
tary display consisted of twenty-five reg?
iments of infantry, cavalry and artillery,
accompanied by thirteen bands, and was
received with the greatest enthusiasm
along the line of march. The returned
veterans had a perfect ovation; a dij&er
was given to the Irish Brigade at Irring
Hall, and the wounded and sick and well
soldiera were ontertained at tlie State
Soldier j' Depot, the City Assembly Rooms,
regimental amories and other places.?
The-shipping in ttie harbor was finely
decqrated, public and private buildings
were hung with flags and; streamers, the
parks and streets were full of fair women
and brave men, and in the evening the
fireworks in the various squares and oth?
er localities closed the day in a blaze of
glory. There were less .casualties than
usual, but eleven having been reported as
occurring during yesterday and Monday
evening nine of which were inflicted by
pistols most of them exploding in the
hands of the victims,
Washington, July 7,1865.
. The. Department of State has been offi?
cially informed.that the Spanish govern?
ment'proposes issuing orders .to the Cap?
tain General of Cuba to deliver to the
United States government tho" insurgent
am Stonewall, now at Havana.
The health of the President continues
improve, and a Cabinet, meeting was
held to-day, for tho first time in two
weeks. He expects to be able to resume
Jn's receptions, to a limited extent, next
week.
The Presidenthas appointed John Har?
dy, Esq., late editor of - the Selraa (Ala.)
Sentinel, UnitedStates Marshal. for the
Southern district.vf that State. Mr. Har?
dy is one of the faithful who adhered to
the Union, and is ri'&w. indicted in.no less
than five counties in Alabama by the late
William L. Yancy, for denouncing his
treason in attemptjng to precipitate the
cotton States into revolution. .
The trial of-Miss'Mary Harris, for the'
murder of Andrew J. Burroughs, clerk in
the Treasury Department, on the 30th of
last January, after several postponements,
commenced before the District Supreme
Court to-day. The evidence so far has
disclosed no new facts in the' case. The
prisoners's counsel to-day devolopcd their
line of defence, Which will bp temporary
insanity, "arising from jealousy at Bur?
roughs' marriage with another lady.
Newbern, % C. July 3, 1855.
Governor Holden has appointed a com?
mission consisting of Colonel J. Melleck,
Kemp P. Battle and others, to proceed to
Washington to confer with the authori?
ties on the subject of confiscation. The
tide of emigration from the free States
having already set in, and as many im?
portant sales .of real estate arc pending
the'settlement of this question, the best'
interests of the State require that an un?
derstanding should be reached as soon as
possible. Hence the departure of-the com?
mission. It is, however, believed that
there will be no confiscation in North
Carolina.
Negroes arb'makiug two or three dol?
lars per day .at re-washing the dirt in the
North Carolina gold mines from which
gold has been once extracted.
The negro who was hung up by his
thumbs for forty hours hear the railroad
depot in Baleigh, on Friday last, died
soon after ho was. taken down.
Nowbern now contains a large North?
ern clement in its population, and has be?
come the business centre of tb^ State.
Cotton and other products from all parts
of tho State .are daily arriving hero in
large quantities for shipment north, which
gives the port a very lively appearance.
?-;?-?
End op the Conspiracy Tiiiaj..?The
conspiracy trial has at last been conclud?
ed, the decision of the ?Court hns been
rendered, and the result will probably'bo
promulgated very soon. If anybody re?
grets that this most remarkable case has
tejn disposed of it certainly must be the
culprits, for the public, and,, no doubt, tho
military commission which examined it,
arc glad that the'long trial htls ended.?
Whatever the verdict may be, it cannot^
be denied that every facility, sofar.asapr
pears to the public, has been ex4^adW^^|
the accused for the purpose of making^
good their defence. They havo had em?
inent counsel to dofend them, have been
accorded every assistance for the procure?
ment of witnesses, havo been treated re-,
speetfully during the "trial, and have no
cause of complaint against the Commis?
sion. The question of jurisdiction is one
which the "officers of the Government
'have, doubtless, considered carefully, and
?while it is open to discussion, the objec?
tion to it is purely technical, and not cal?
culated to effect tie result of the trial.
[New York Sun.
The Execution?In accordance with
tlii; finding and sentence of the military
court by which they were tried, and the
approval of its decision by PresidentJohu
son. David E.Hardd, George A. Atzerott,
?Lewis Payrre and Mary E. Surratt were_
yesterday harge*Iby the neck until dead,
in the yard ot tie Penitentiary in Wash?
ington,' betweenthe hours of one aud two
o'clock in the afternoon, for assisting in
tho conspiracy by - which President Lin?
coln was assassinated and the attempt was
made to assasdnate Vice President John?
son,* General Grant, Secretary Seward
and other members of the government.
[New York Eercdd, Stk
.-\.-*
Lynchburr must be a cheap place to
live at in these times. We learn from a
gentleman fust from there that beef txx^
inutton are selling at lOQ^cente,,^
ter 25?30 cents, potatoes 10@12>^ent8>
cabbage If cents per head, mt^^ great
profusion of cucumbers, sn/p?. cymblmgs,
beets, ani all kinds of5 juries.
