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BY HOYT & HUMPHREYS. ANDERSON C. H,, S. C, THURSDAY' MORNING, JULY 20, 1865. VOLUME l.?NUMBER 5. The Intelligencer IS PUBLISHED 1YEEKLY AT FIFTY CTS. FOE THESE MONTHS IN SPECIE OR PROVISIONS. JAMES A. HOYT & W. W. HUMPHREYS. Proprietors. ? Our Provisional Governor.. Wo congratulate the State on the ap? pointment of the Hon. B.' F. Perry, as Provisional Governor. The people have everywhere manifested a renewed allegi? ance to the. Constitution and laws of the country. President Johnson has respond ed t? this sontiment, and has selected as the first civil officer under the new ad? ministration of affairs, a native of the State, whose private Jife is puro.and un? stained, and whose public career has been - marked by devotion to the Union of these States, as a bond of common welfare. Mr. Perry was born in Pickcns District. South Carolina, on the 20th November, 1S05, and isiiow consequently in the six? tieth year of his age. On his paternal . bide his ancestors wore from Massachu? setts ; ou the maternal from the mouu . taiuous districts of the State. He graduated at the bar in 1827, and: located at Greenville, which has ever since been his pl'ace^of residence. Almost from his enfrance ^ipon man? hood he has served in the councils of the State in either branch of the General As? sembly, where he established a reputation as a clear headed, solid' thinker, firm in his convictions- and lucid in their" utter? ance; He has been prominently connec? ted with nearly every public movement iu the State during the agitation of the ,past thirty years,, and although in a mi? nority, and at times when political excite? ment ran high, and party and personal feelings were invoked, he yet always maintained hfs principles and preserved his dignity of character. He has been the unswerving friend of all measures of inter* nal improvement. It was principally " ??through his exertions in the Legislature that the Greenville and Columbia Rail ?Road was constructed. Although he has never held any conspicuous national office. . yet in the State Iiis lite has been devoted to the development .of her resources and her improvement in arts,-mechanics and manufactures. Conservative in his habits and modes of thought, ho has yvt been the advocate of progress. In local politics, he luis long been in favor of tho establishment of a Penitontiaiy system, and of ^giving the ? election of Governor and of the -ISleetors for President and Yice-President to the people. These subjects he has advocated with his voice and pen. His first prominent appearance was in 1832, in opposition of Nd^Bcation. t Ho had at that time the- editorial charge of the Greenville Mountaineer, and boldly stood by the Union. He regarded the' idea- that a people could remain as mem? bers of a Government and yet irt?ltfy the laws, as*utterly delusive and contrary to all principles of State or Federal Govern? ment . He took issue with the views of Mrt Calhoun and tho thon leading men of the State on this subjcct,.and both through the press, and as a member of the Con? vention opposed-tho wholo movement. Although ho carried .his district yet he* found hi mself in? minority in the State, and although always supported by the" people of his own section, lias never held distinguished political position. He 1ms been throe times "a candidate for Con? gress. In 1334 ho was nominated by the Union party and was dofcatod on that is? sue by the Hon. Warren P.. Davis by a small majority, and shortly after by.Gen* :eral Waddy Thompson, formerly Minister to Mexico. He was again ? candidate in 1844. at the period of thesgrcat political excitement for tho Presidency between Geuerals. Taylor and Cass. Mr.m Perry advocated the claims of General Cass as a Democrat. -Colonel J. L. Orr, his oppo? nent, the eloctioo^if General Taylor. Co? lonel Orr was elected, through the com? bined influence of. the Whigsand a por? tion of the Democray. In tho memorable struggle of 1850'Mr. Perry earnestly opposed disunion, and contributed greatly to the triumph of the Co-operation over the Socession party of the State. Ho has never acknowledged the. right of Secession or of withdrawing from the Union as an inherent, organic right, but* has always maintained that' it was neither more nor loss than the right of revolution. In one of his addrosses he defines his position. "It should," says he, "never be a part of ourpolitical creed to despair of the Republic. We should look to the Union o? the States, as it was ori? ginally formed under the Federal Consti? tution, not only as the greatest of all our political blessings, but in the language of Mr. Webster, illustrating the sontiments and heart of Washington, as ' the great treasure-hon?e which contains them all.'" When the late ex-Governor Adams re coir?wnded, in ono of his annual mes? sages, the revival of the African slave trade, Mr. Perry took distinet ground airainst the measure, and with him eoncur red a large majority of tho Legislature. He was in favor of South Carolina being represented in the Democratic National Convention, and was one of forty mem? bers of the General Assembly who-signed an appeal to the people to that effect in 1859. He was a member of tho Conven? tion which met in Charleston in April, 1860; and when the various delegations scceded'from that body, and even his own colleagues,-he remainedalone and contin? ued with its deliberations until its adjourn? ment. ? We are not aware that Mr. Perry, dur? ing tho troubles of the past four years, has taken any prominent part in affairs. On' the election of Judge Magrath to the of fice_of Governor last fall, we believe Mr. Perry was. appointed Confederate Judge. Iu his profession Mr. Perry has been eminently successful, and ranks among the abl?st lawyers of the State, lie is a -man of study and reflection. Although .differing from the State on most of the past political issues, he is yet animated by a warm love of her people, and an ar? dent desire for their welfare. Strong in hie convictions of right, and. earnest and immovable in their maintenance, he is at the same time without political vindictive^ ness or partisanship. In manners 4?o is courteous and dignified?in character without reproach- or stixlin.?Chariest<m Courier. Washington, July 1,18S5. President Johnson has appointed'Ben? jamin F. Perry, of South Carolina, Pro? visional Governor of that State, whose duty it shall be, at tho earliest practica? ble period to prescribe such rules as may be necessary and proper for convening a Convention, composed of delegates to be chosen by .that portion of the people who arc loyal to the United States, and no others, for the purpose of altering the Constitution thereof, and with authority to exercise within the limits ofthat State all the powers necessary and proper to enable such loyal people of South Caroli? na to restore said State to its constitu? tional relations to the Federal Govern? ment, and to present such republican form o? State Government as will entitle the State to the guarantees of the United States therefor, and its people to protec? tion by the United Stales against iuvasit n insurrection and domestic violence; pro? vided that in any election that may be hereafter, held for electing delegates to any State Convention, as "aforesaid, no person shall bo qualified as . an elector, or shall be. eligible as a member of such Con? vention unless he shall' have previously taken and subscribed to the oath of am? nesty as set 'forth in the President's proc? lamation of May 29, 1865, and is a voter, qualified as prescribed by the Constitution and laws of South Carolina in forco im? mediately before tho 17th day of Novem? ber, 18G0, th'o date of the so-called ordi? nance of secession. * The President's proclamation is in the "same form as those already issued appoint? ing Provisional Governors for the late rc-< bcllious States. * ~ Governors .have now been appointed for all the lato rebel States with tho ex? ception of Florida. ? GltEENVlLLE AND COLUMBIA R. P.? The Columbia Phoenix, of July 4th, says: On and after the 2d, trains will run as follows: Leave Alston on every. Mon? day, -Wednesday and Friday^at 5 O'clock A.M.; leaving Greenville on Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays, arriving at AlstoV same days. The traveller will uote these regulations. A private letter to the Phoenix, from Mr. J. B. LaSalle, tho. excellent superintendent, advises us of the commendable progress" which is being made in the'reconstruction of the work. We trust that the day of disaster has fully passed?-that there will bo neith? er freshets nor foes to tear up and destroy during the next three generations. We give an extract from tho encouraging letter of Mr. LaSalle: " We are making rapid progress with tho completion towards Columbia. We have a corps of engineers on tho line being located or completed or ?experimented.? The location is far advanced, and we ex? pect in_a very short tijne to' put a build? ing forco upon it, though a portion of the work will be somewhat troublesome. We expect in the course of a few months to have the sound of the whistle tolling of our speedy approach. Our motive pow? er and rolling stock has been very much reduced, which compels us to run-only the throe trains per week." Speech of Gov. Johnson, of Geo. The following is a synopsis of the speech recently made in Augusta by the Hon. James Johnson, Provisional Gover? nor of Georgia: Governor Johnson stated that he had been commissioned by tho President of tho United States Provisional Governor of Georgia, and that by the terms of his commission his chief, he might say his on 1}- business was to provide for the re-or? ganization of civil Government, and the restoration of Georgia to her proper rela? tions to the Union. That altm.ight understand how this de? sirable object might be effected, he pro? posed as briefly as possible to explain the process, according to his own comprehen? sion of it. The first and most important 'step was for the people, one and all who were entitled to amnesty, to qualify them? selves as votersin the approaching elec? tion. The oath to betaken and subscrib? ed, was that prescribed in President John? son's proclamation of the -29th of May, 18(55. The fact that a citizen has taken the oath under the proclamation of Pres? ident Lincoln,"will not avail for the pro? tection of his personal and property rights. He would not undertake to state even the reasons of this policy. Let it suffice that it had been so ordered by the Executive of the United States, who had Constitu? tional control of the matter.. To enable the citizens to take this oath, the Secre? tary of Slate had declared that any com? missioned officer of the United States, civ? il, military or naval, might administer it to proper applicants. Before taking the oath, however, the applicant was required to make affidavit that ho did not belong to any of the excepted classes. Having done this, he was then allowed,.the Oath of amn'esty, which operated as a pardon for all past political offences, and restbred him fully to the rights of citizenship. The original oath was retained by the officer and transmitted to "Washington for regis? try, and a certified copy was furnished the citizen, which was in all eases proof of his right to the. elective franchise and his el? igibility to office. In cascihe applicant belonged to the excepted classes, he still took the oath. But instead of receiving a certified copy, he was furnished with tb,c original affidavit,and if he desired spe? cial pardon, be forwarded to the Presi? dent a written statement of the facts and to that statement attached tho original oa.th. If pardoned by the President, of course all his disabilities will be removed. The distinguished speaker stated, in this connection, that for the present ho had no*powcr himself to entertain appli cafions for pardon, but that it was prob? able these applications would be, after a littlo, referred to the Provisional Govern? or. In that event, he would do every? thing consistent with the public interest to relieve his fellow citizens of pains and penalties. He knew, likewise, that the Government did not seek to inflict suffer? ing or impose hardships on the people, it only insisted on a sufficient guaranty for futuro good eon duct. . jSor was it the design of the Govern? ment to humiliate the people by this ex? action of an oath,- but it simply exercised its rights to prevont any but its friends from using political power. Some objec? ted to taking the oath because it ploughed the citizen to support the proclamations touching slavery. Tliis had ceased to be a practical question. The constitutional amendment abolishing slavery only lack? ed two States for its' adoption, and it was morally certain that Kentucky, New Jer? sey, Dclawaro and probably Virginia, would adopi it. Furthermore said Gov? ernor Johnson, I venture the legal opin? ion that slavory is dead, by virtue of tho war power of tho United States. His argument on this point was profoundly logical, and earned conviction to every mind. Nor did he believe that the work of emancipation would stop with the ,,?outhern States. It would extend to Cu? ba, Brasil, and even the slaveholding dis? tricts of Africa, and that they would enjpy a higher prosperity under.the new system of labor. . Others objected to tho oath because it required tho citizen to swear to the sup? port of tho Union. Our views upon this question must be^ materially modified. The South has made a gigantic and a gal? lant effort for independence, and has fail? ed. She must^ live in tho Union, or not live at all. And why, said Gov. Johnson, should we not support and cherish tho Union ? Were we not born and "reared, in it ? Have we not prospered under it ? When God in ancient times would divide tho people, ho did ffr not. with SAvOrd and spear, but by the confusion of tongues. But we are, said he, of one speech and of one origin. We have the same mountain chains and mighty rivers, and the samo broad lakes. Wo are "ftne in all respects, and I tnink will be one in destiny. I appeal to you as Georgians, said the Governor, in conclusion, to assist rac in this good work of reconstruction. Don't despair of the fortunes of your State. True your sufferings have been fearful; but nations, like individuals, are perfected through much tribulation. Although our territory has been wasted by fire and sword, and our fairest and most flourish? ing cities have been destroyod, yet, with proper thrift and manful energy, we can rebuild these waste places and repair tho desolations of war. Let us be instructed by the past, that war is a dreadful evil, and when undertaken ?without just cause, a crime against God and humanity. Let us cultivate kindly feelings towards all men, and cherish the fipiiit of an enlarged philanthropy in our intercourse with other nations, nappy, he exclaimed, is the people who profess ?uch a spirit, and thrice happy is the people Avhose God is the Lord. -o-. The Oath of Office. Under the Government of the United States, by an Act of Congress passed in 1862, no man can hold office save he tako the following oath : , I,-, do solemnly swear (>r affirm) that I have never voluntarily borne arms against the United States since I have been a citizen thereof; that I have voluntarily given no aid, counte? nance, counsel or encouragement to per? sons ongaged in armed hostility thereto; that'I have neither sought nor accepted, nor attempted to exercise the functions of any office whatever, under any authority or pretended authority, in armed hostility to the United States; that I have, not yield? ed a voluntaiy support to any pretended Government, authority, power or con? stitution within the United States, hostile or inimicablc thereto. And I do further swear (or affirm) that-to the best of my knowledgo and ability, I. will support and defend the Constitution of the United States agaiuSt all enemies, foreign or do? mestic; that I, will bear true faith and al? legiance to the' same; that I take this obligation freely, without any mental re? servation -or purpose of .evasion. So help me God. X And any person who shall falsely take the said oath shall be guilt)' of pftjury, and on conviction, in addition to other1 penalties now prescribed for that offeneo, shall be deprived of his office, and render? ed incapable forever after of holding any office or place under tho United States. ?frApproved July 2,1SG2. ? -+ Horace Greely's A?vice to the jSTe-. oro. ??Wo hear that many of the blacks, thoroughly distrusting their old masters, place-all confidence in the Yankees who have recently como among them on al? most any terms. "We regret this; for while many of these Yankees will justify that confidence, others will grossly abuse it. New England produces many of the best specimens of the human race, and along with these, 6omc or tho very mean? est beings that ever stood on two legs? cunning, rapacious, hypocriting,ever ready to skin a^flyt with a borrowed knife and "make (for others) a s'??p out of the peel? ing. This class soon 'becomes too well known at home?'run out/?as the phrase is?when they wander all over the earth sh?filing and swindling, to the injury and shamo of the land that bore them and cast them out. Now lot it be generally presumed by tho ignorant blacks of the South that a Yankee, because a Yankee, is necessarily their friend, and this un? clean brood will overspread thc?5outh like locusts, starting schools and prayer meet? ings at every cross roads, getting hold of abandoned or confiscated plantations.and hiring laborers right and and left, cutting timber here, trying out tar and turpentine there, and growing corn, cotton, rice and sugar, which they will have sold at the errliest day arid run away with the pro? ceeds, leaving the negroes in rrfgs and foodless, with tho winter just comirTg:on. The cup is full?we have no more to say! The Labor Question.?The New^York Herald has the following summary at the close of an, editorial upon the labor ques? tion at tho South : " The labor question, which is also in? cluded, in reconstruction, admits of a very simple ? solution. Those Southern? ers, white or black: who will not work, must starve.; This is the invariable rule throughout the United States, and Aye see no reason to make a special exception in favor of either the recent rebels or tho m recent slaves. ? We will hav.ono appendix to the abolition agitation. The negro ought to be let' alone sevcroly for a year or two, a*id he will then manage to take care of himself. We pursue this policy with our white population. Why should we -aabpt a. different policy towards the blacks? ' ? Antony and Cleopatra? The following exquisite poem was written by Brig. Gen. W. H. Lyttle, of the Federal Army, who was killed at Chicamauga. He was no less a poet than a soldier, and the following lines entitle him to rank among the foremost: . I am dying, Egypt, dying, Ebbs the crimson life tide fast, And the dark Plutonian shadows, Gather on the evening blast; Let thine arm, 0 Queen, support, me, Hush thy sobs and bow thine ear, Hearken to the great heart secret, Thou, md thou alone, must hear. Though my scarred ane. veteran legions,. Bear their eagles high no more, And my wrecked and scattered galleys, Strew dark Actium's .ftttajjakore, Thoughxo glittering guao&iiirrouud me, ' Promp: to do their master's will, , I must parish like a Roman, Die thi> great Triumvir still. Let notCeasar's servile minions, Vock vhe lion thus laid low, 'Twas no foemaals hand that slew him, 4Twas his own that struck the blow, Hear, then, pillowed on thy bosom, Ere his star fades quite away, Him, who drunk with my caresses, Madly threw a world away. * And the-i, star eyed Egyptian, Glorious sorcerer of the Nile, Light the path to-Stygian horrors, With the splendors of thy smile, Give this Oeasar crowns and arches, Let his brow with Laurel twine, I can scorn the Senate's triumph, Triumphing in love like thine. I am dying, Egypt, dying, . Hark the insulting focmnn's cry, They're coming?quick, my falchion' _ Let me face them ere I die? Oh ! no more amid the battle, Will my voice exulting swell, Isis and Osiris guard thee, Cleopatra! Borne! Farewell! -. The Situation.?General Terry, com? manding in Virginia, received orders from Wafchington on the 3d inst. to mus? ter out all troops'inhis department whose services are no longer needed. The mat tor of the mustering out is loft to General Terry's discretion, an"d, as a large num? ber of troops are still needed iir tho State, it is thought that this force will not im? mediately be materially reduced. Gov? ernor Pierpoiht has abolished the old Vir? ginia Court of Appeals. Mr. Picrpoint expects to have civil government in the State-in good running order by the 1st of j August. A Louisville despatch states that Gen? eral Logan, commanding tho Army of J tho Tennesseee, has issued an order for the immediate mustering out of service of ] his entire force. Three different columns of troops are now cn route tor tho Powder river coun? try from Columbus, Nebraska, and Port Laramie, to operate against the hostile tribes of our far western Plains. - It is announced that General Hooker will shortly supersede General. Dix in tho command of flic Department of the East, the headquarters of which are in this city. General Ord yesterday assumed com? mand of the Northern Military Depart? ment, with headquarters at Detroit. General Gordon Granger-, commanding in Texas, in a recently issued order gives the people of that State distnictl^ to un? derstand that slavery has ceased to exist there, and that tbis% mult involves an equality of personal rights and rights of i property between the negroes and their former masters.""' At the same time he counsels the coloured people to reraafh on the plantations and continue work, and warns them against idleness. [New York Herald, 7th. -;- - The Fourth in New YoRK.-r-The New York Herald of the 5th says : The eighty-sixth anniversary of our in? dependence " was observed in this city yesterday with all the eclat New Yoik crs could give to the*occasion. The 'mili? tary display consisted of twenty-five reg? iments of infantry, cavalry and artillery, accompanied by thirteen bands, and was received with the greatest enthusiasm along the line of march. The returned veterans had a perfect ovation; a dij&er was given to the Irish Brigade at Irring Hall, and the wounded and sick and well soldiera were ontertained at tlie State Soldier j' Depot, the City Assembly Rooms, regimental amories and other places.? The-shipping in ttie harbor was finely decqrated, public and private buildings were hung with flags and; streamers, the parks and streets were full of fair women and brave men, and in the evening the fireworks in the various squares and oth? er localities closed the day in a blaze of glory. There were less .casualties than usual, but eleven having been reported as occurring during yesterday and Monday evening nine of which were inflicted by pistols most of them exploding in the hands of the victims, Washington, July 7,1865. . The. Department of State has been offi? cially informed.that the Spanish govern? ment'proposes issuing orders .to the Cap? tain General of Cuba to deliver to the United States government tho" insurgent am Stonewall, now at Havana. The health of the President continues improve, and a Cabinet, meeting was held to-day, for tho first time in two weeks. He expects to be able to resume Jn's receptions, to a limited extent, next week. The Presidenthas appointed John Har? dy, Esq., late editor of - the Selraa (Ala.) Sentinel, UnitedStates Marshal. for the Southern district.vf that State. Mr. Har? dy is one of the faithful who adhered to the Union, and is ri'&w. indicted in.no less than five counties in Alabama by the late William L. Yancy, for denouncing his treason in attemptjng to precipitate the cotton States into revolution. . The trial of-Miss'Mary Harris, for the' murder of Andrew J. Burroughs, clerk in the Treasury Department, on the 30th of last January, after several postponements, commenced before the District Supreme Court to-day. The evidence so far has disclosed no new facts in the' case. The prisoners's counsel to-day devolopcd their line of defence, Which will bp temporary insanity, "arising from jealousy at Bur? roughs' marriage with another lady. Newbern, % C. July 3, 1855. Governor Holden has appointed a com? mission consisting of Colonel J. Melleck, Kemp P. Battle and others, to proceed to Washington to confer with the authori? ties on the subject of confiscation. The tide of emigration from the free States having already set in, and as many im? portant sales .of real estate arc pending the'settlement of this question, the best' interests of the State require that an un? derstanding should be reached as soon as possible. Hence the departure of-the com? mission. It is, however, believed that there will be no confiscation in North Carolina. Negroes arb'makiug two or three dol? lars per day .at re-washing the dirt in the North Carolina gold mines from which gold has been once extracted. The negro who was hung up by his thumbs for forty hours hear the railroad depot in Baleigh, on Friday last, died soon after ho was. taken down. Nowbern now contains a large North? ern clement in its population, and has be? come the business centre of tb^ State. Cotton and other products from all parts of tho State .are daily arriving hero in large quantities for shipment north, which gives the port a very lively appearance. ?-;?-? End op the Conspiracy Tiiiaj..?The conspiracy trial has at last been conclud? ed, the decision of the ?Court hns been rendered, and the result will probably'bo promulgated very soon. If anybody re? grets that this most remarkable case has tejn disposed of it certainly must be the culprits, for the public, and,, no doubt, tho military commission which examined it, arc glad that the'long trial htls ended.? Whatever the verdict may be, it cannot^ be denied that every facility, sofar.asapr pears to the public, has been ex4^adW^^| the accused for the purpose of making^ good their defence. They havo had em? inent counsel to dofend them, have been accorded every assistance for the procure? ment of witnesses, havo been treated re-, speetfully during the "trial, and have no cause of complaint against the Commis? sion. The question of jurisdiction is one which the "officers of the Government 'have, doubtless, considered carefully, and ?while it is open to discussion, the objec? tion to it is purely technical, and not cal? culated to effect tie result of the trial. [New York Sun. The Execution?In accordance with tlii; finding and sentence of the military court by which they were tried, and the approval of its decision by PresidentJohu son. David E.Hardd, George A. Atzerott, ?Lewis Payrre and Mary E. Surratt were_ yesterday harge*Iby the neck until dead, in the yard ot tie Penitentiary in Wash? ington,' betweenthe hours of one aud two o'clock in the afternoon, for assisting in tho conspiracy by - which President Lin? coln was assassinated and the attempt was made to assasdnate Vice President John? son,* General Grant, Secretary Seward and other members of the government. [New York Eercdd, Stk .-\.-* Lynchburr must be a cheap place to live at in these times. We learn from a gentleman fust from there that beef txx^ inutton are selling at lOQ^cente,,^ ter 25?30 cents, potatoes 10@12>^ent8> cabbage If cents per head, mt^^ great profusion of cucumbers, sn/p?. cymblmgs, beets, ani all kinds of5 juries.