E. B. MURRAY, Editor. THURSDAY, JANUARY 8; 1885. TBKM8 - "I - ONE YEAR._.....-S1.50. SIX MONTHS.........-!-... ? 750. Two Dollars IC r; o t paid In ad vane e. THE FACTORY EXEMPTION QUESTION. ^ We.cheerfuliy accord to Mr. Scudday the opportunity to publish his speech in the House of Representatives in opposi? tion to the existing law which exempts manufactories from, taxation for a period of ten years, but in doing so we must not ' be understood as sanctioning; that the publication of the mere fact that a mem? ber of the Legislature spoke upon any , given side of a question entitles him to . have that speech published in tbe paper so announcing. Mr. Scudday's speech, however, is thoughtful and well prepared, so that it will be doubtless interesting and instructive to those who read it, though we do. no . think it will stand the' test of a critical examination. It is plausible?pitched in a popular strain ; but we think outside of this that it fails to advance any strong reason for the re? peal he seeks. The main-idea that runs through Mr. Scudday's speech is, that! "the exemption, robs the many for tbe benefit cf the few, and of course if this is true it is a grievous crime. In practice the sums invested in factory stocks are raised out of surplus money, which would otherwise be put into non-taxable bonds, :' or in many instances fail tobe returned for taxation; oat of capital induced to come here from abroad, which would otherwise not be subject to taxation here, and-also a portion of it is raised oat of small saviugs by men and ladies in limi? ted circumstances, who invest in a few shares of factory stock. Theso are the three classes. Now let us see what the State gives up. To begin with, it agrees not to tax the surplus money which is invested in man* ufactnring for ten years. This may ap? pear to be a great concession, but in . reality it is a good trade for the State, for as a general thing there is very little sur? plus money returned.for taxation; and when men of-large means invest their moneys they frequently manage to place ' a considerable part of it in a manner in ; which it pays no . taxes. Tbe State, therefore, says to the owner of surplus - capital, if you will invest it in factory . stock, where it can always be seen and taxed, we will exempt it for ten years. Theoretically the State may lose, but practically we believe she makes by tbe bargain, if it were to stop right here. Then oh the introduced capital there can ho no. question tbat the State will ulti ". mately gain by inducing its permanent investment here, upon condition that when so invested it shall be free from taxation for ten years. 'Upon the third class cf investments of small savings the State also gains, for many of these sums would otherwise go to secure some temporary comfort, which would add nothing to the wealth of the _ State, and would not appear upon the tax .botfks.. In all these classes it will be seen tbat it is at least doubtful if the State does' . not make more than she loses by induc? ing investment in factories, where it can always be reached for taxation. We do not mean to deny that sometimes money is pot into factories which would other - wise go upon the tax books, but we are satftfied that a great deal goes there which, would otherwise not get on tbe tax books, and then after ten years it is forever taxed by the State. It is also a mistake to suppose that : exemption from taxes is not an induce? ment for money to be in vested in manu? facturing. It is equal to one per cent, interest, which is one fourth or one-third as; much as many men make on their money in some of tbe Northern States? . one-third as mach as tbe government pays on its bonds. . ~ It is "likewise a mistake to claim that V the exemption principle is a new one in this State. It has run through the whole history of South Carolina. We believe ;7 itwas first began in the shape of boun? ties for the. cultivation of indigo. We believe tbat every railroad that was built -in tbe State before the war was exempted from taxation, either for a period of fifty years,-or in perpetuity. It has. always beea the policy and tbe practice of couth Carolina to encourage attention to inmn tile, industries which gave promise of profitable development. It is .equally a mistake, we think, to assume that we caunot equal the New England States in manufacturing. We have ar more equitable temperature, we have longer days, and we have the cotton supply at OiUj, doors. We save the mid? dle-men in handling cotton, and the long freight hauls on the raw material, and the return freights on tbe amount of the manufactured goods consumed here. Before the war we were an exclusively agricultural people, and ?ur slave system was not favorable to the development of skilled industries. Now all of this has ehanged, and tbe work of diversified in* dastry is steadily developing, and we believe the South is destined to distance her Northern sisters in tbe profitable industry of manufacturing. * Tbe valne of a bale of raw cotton averages forty dollars, while tbe same cotton manufactured becomes from three to, perhaps, tea times as valuable, ac? cording to the fineness of tbe manufac? ture. It is, therefore, greatly to be de aired to save all of this profit in our midst. The South, upon a crop of . 4,000,000 bales, receives about $160,000, 000, while if manufactured ia our midst we would receive from $500,000,000 to $1,000,000,000 for the same crop and its manipulation. It is, therefore, the part of political economy, and statesmanship to encourage the manufacture of this great staple in our midst. The coarser goods come first, but tbe finer grades will certainly follow. In the next place, the man who invests money in factories gives employment to many helpless women and children, who could not otherwise live so comfortably or independently. It develops tbe re? sources, and adds to the wealth of tbe State. It builds prosperous villages,' like Piedmont and Pelzer. It enhances many fold the value of lauds around it, by which the revenues of tbe State are increased. It brings money into the State. It gives a market for all farm supplies, and tends to raise the price of cotton. If there were factories enough in the South to manufacture our cotton, the farrae.rjvould get as ranch for itfbere as it seilst for in. NewvYork or Liverpool. It is, therefore, to the interest of all classes'of our . people , to encourage: the building of factories. . Mr. Scudday says if we have any special favors to show, let us give them to agriculture. By all means. If Mr. Scudday knows of any legislation which would promote the agricultural interests of tbe Slate, he should speedily bring it forward; and if he can show that it will accomplish that result,*he will have no difficulty in securing its enactment, for a majority of both branches of the Leg? islature are agriculturalists. It is no argument to oppose doing something that has definite benefits, in order to wait and see if something cannot be turned up in some other direction that would be beneficial. . There are other parts of Mr. Scudday's ;argument which we would like to notice, [but for the present we must content our pelves with looking briefly at his' Consti? tutional argument. He contends that whenever a bill to repeal an existing law is before the Legislature, it brings tbe law before tbe body in all of its bearings. This is correct if tbe word "bearings" means its effect upon the State, bnt in I the sense of bringing up the original I questions,^ as Mr. Scudday implies, we do not agree with him. A very strong I reason may have existec. against a law j in-its passage, and yet upon a bill to re? peal the reason might not exist at all; as for instance the enactment of the j stock-law might have been opposed for j Anderson County, because of the difficul I ty and expense of buildjn g pasture fences, J and yet if a bill to repeal the law were j now to be brought forward it would not j revive that original objection, or if it did I it should have no force. So we contend j that the bill to repeal does not bring up I the Constitutional question. Our laws I make it the duty of the Courts to decide j matters Of Constitation&l law and not I the Legislature. If one Legislature de J cides an Act to be Constitutional, would j it not have as mnch force as another j which says it is unconstitutional. The Courts, however, can settle tbe question j finally. If the opponents of exemption I believe it.to be unconstitutional, why not {goto the Courts and teat the matter, j They profess every confidence in their j case and yet take good care to keep it I out of the Courts. The 1 act is that fac j tories are not exempt from taxation. I They pay their taxes jus; as other people I do, but the State annually gives them for I ten years a sum of money equal to their [taxes to foster and encourge their level I opment. The State annually gives the I State Agricultural Fair $2,500 to foster j and encourage it, and yet it has never I occurred to Mr. Scudday, and those with j him, that.the same principle underlies I both. It is a bonus in reality, though it [ia familiarly termed an exemption. It I may be an evasion of tbe Constitution [apparently, but it is not bo in spirit. I The Legislature says, in. effect, we wish I to give you a bonus, but cannot afford to I tax the people to do so; therefore, we I will give you an amount equal to all the j taxes you pay, except the two mill school I tax for the term of ten years. We do I not pretend to say how the Courts would I decide the matter, but it is a little strange I that men who are as confident that the I law is unconstitutional, as some profess I to be, keep so persistently away from the j Courts. We believe it is a good law, and I hope the Legislature will remain progres? sive and broad enough in its views to let I the exemption, as it is familiarly termed, I remain as a part of our law. j a criticism reviewed. I Some days ago the Columbia Corres I pondent of the News and Courier, in j speaking of the appointments of Audi j tors and" Treasurers by Gov. Thompson, j stated that he bad in every case appoint led. the incumbent. where he was an [efficient officer and applied for reappoint iment, and the correspondent indulged I some reflections adverse to the primary [system ,of electing these officers. The I Greenville News comments of this cor? respondence as follows; I "This is a clear and frank exposition I of the leading political idea prevalent at j Columbia and Charleston. That idea is I that the, alleged. ? sovereign people are weak and foolish,'and no: to be trusted, [and that the strength and wisdom lies with some select and mysterious few who I know what is good for the people better I than the people'know themselves. Car I ried to its legitimate and natural conclu? sion, the article we have quoted means I that popular elections and local self-go v ernmeqt are humbugs and failures. If Governor Thompson kno vs more of the I qualifications of the candidates for Treas? urer in Marion County than the people I of Marion, why should not his knowledge I be equally superior regar ling the candi? dates for Sheriff, Coroner and County j Commissioner, and why should not tne I President of the United State be better I qualified to select a Governor for South I Carolina than the citizen i of tbe State? - "All this talk about caring for tbe people and guarding them against their own follies is undemocratic and absurd. The people know, what they want done and who they want to do it. They are competent to select proper men to man? age their affairs, and if they are not, should be allowed to suffer for their de? ficiency." The above extract strikes us as exceed? ingly unfair to Governor Thompson. The article which drew forth this criti? cism is merely the expression of a cor? respondent. Governor Thompson was neither called upon to affirm nor deny the correctness of the statements made. The views of the Greenville News are no doubt very popular with a large num? ber of people wbo have probably not considered the matter much. It is, how ever, not undemocratic for the selection of some officers to be made without conn suiting the verdict of a popular election. The judicial officers of the State and of tbe United States are not elected by the people, because the people themselves, by tbe Federal and State Constitution, have taken the election of these officers away from the people. They have like j wise, by their Constitution, taken the right of election away from tbe people as regards the offices of Auditor and Treasurer. There was a good reasou for this as to the Auditor, for it is not the most popular man who will always make the best Auditor. He ha3 duties to per? form which are sometimes not pleasant, and it was tbe intention to put bis office out of the reach of popular clamor. The Auditor and Treasurer are State officers, not County only in their cbarac ler. " Every other CoUnty in the State is interested in tbe work of the Auditor ! and-Treasurer for Richland County as well as the people of Richland, and there is, therefore, some reason why the people of one County should not have absolute control of who is to fill these offices. -We believe it would be to the State's ins tercst to send a Charleston man to Green? ville and a Greenville man to Charleston, and so on: to assess property. The effect would be to have a fuller and fairer valu? ation of property in the State. The peo> pie do not care so much about these things, after all, as the office seekers do. All they want is polite, efficient and : honorable officials, and they are, by no means, so anxious to deprive the Gover? nor of the duty devolved on him under the Constitution as the men who want j the office, which another good man holds, are to have an election in the hope of getting in where, under civil service re? form, they would have no chance of securing an anointment. THAT LAND CLAIM. The Greenville News, commenting on the article of the Intelligencer en? dorsing tbe views of tbe Pickens Sentinel upon the Brown land claim in Pickens and Oconee Counties, says : The above extract is from the Ander? son Intelligencer and is proof enough that that able newspaper, like the es? teemed contemporary it quotes from, is talking of something it knows nothing about. Tbe bill alluded to was intended to make a good title, not to "one Brown representing a German syndicate," but to the heirs of Col. Brown, of Charleston, who have as much right to the unoccu? pied portion of the property alluded to as the proprietor of the Intelligencer has to anything he has bought and paid for. Col. Brown purchased a claim from parties to whom it came by due process of law from tbe original grantee from tbe State, and it is held by his widowand daughters wbe are "our own people." Their title *s perfect with the exception of one old paper which has been lost from the clerk's office in Pickens or An? derson. The Legislature was asked to enable these heirs to give good title to a German syndicate which proposed to pay $25,000 for the portion of the land now occupied and settle immigrants upon it. The Legislature refused to grant this perfectly proper request and permit a transaction which would certainly have allowed tbe widow and children of an honest South Carolina citizen to realize on property honestly inherited from him, and would probably have been of im? mense benefit to the State, because it did not know anything more about the matter than onr esteemed cotemporaries do, and, like them, undertook to act without tak? ing the trouble to learn. We may have fallen into some error about the personel of this claim iu com? mon with our Pickens contemporary, but the principle upon which we based our position is, we still think correct. From our Greenville contemporary's statement, the facts are tbat Col. John Brown, years ago, had a claim to certain lands granted i him, or some predecessor by the State in Pickens and Oconee Counties?then Pendle ton County?which he did not think worth euough to keep in position to be enforced. He and his heirs have remained silent for many years, during which time parties have acquired a better title before the law than they have many of these people who now hold these lands have paid their money for them, believing tbat they had good titles to tbem. What we said was, that if the State has any rights which she wants to give away to anybody in these lands, it would be more just to give those rights to the men who have paid their money for them, and are now living upon them, or using them, than to give them to persons who have either negligently or wilfully stood by and permitted hundreds of men to settle and purchase these lands. We do not think the State should interfere between these parties, but if she does, then we think tbe principles of equity would be most subserved by releasing tbe I State's interest to the actual settlers, and I not to speculators. We think tbe Legis? lature was right in letting tbe matter alone- __ finishing THE STATE HOUSE. The Columbia correspondent of tbe Augusta Chronicle and Constitutionalist says: Tbe commissioners appointed to super? intend the repairs on the State House have elected Mr. John B. Niernsee as architect of tbe building, and can com? plete it at less expense and more sati ffac torily, perhaps, than any other who could 'have been selected. He is now a resident of Baltimore, but will at once remove with bis family to Columbia. - The Leg . isla tu re appropriated $75,000 to be ex- I I pended on the building this year. It will I require $750,000 to complete it, and after I tbe work is begun tbe appropriations for its continuance will probably be made annually. The selection of Mr. Nierusee is a judicious one, and guarantees satisfacto? ry architecture to the people of the State. Choking to Death. Midway, December 29.?A very re? markable surgical operation was perform? ed yesterday by Dr. W. B. Steedley, of this place. A child 9 years of age, nam? ed George Brabham, a son of our towns? man, N. M. Brabham, whilst eating a robin and some nuts had a piece lodge in bis throat which stopped bis breath en? tirely. The rest of tbe family were all absent, but on their return a few mo? ments afterwards he was apparently in the last throes of death, as he could only move his arms like a person about to expire. A runner was dispatched for the doctor, who lives about a quarter of a mile off, and who came with all imagina? ble speed. After a critical examination, when be found tbat the child could not breathe, he- performed a difficult and dangerous surgical operation, cutting the boy's throat and windpipe and introduc? ing a rubber tube iuto the windpipe, after which the boy commenced to breathe. The doctor performed the operation with? out administering any anaesthetic, and tbe child did not appear to regard it at all. The most wonderful part of it is that he appears to be mending every hour, and with every indication that he will recover.?Correspondence News and \ Courier. ? A severe cyclone passed oyer the Caw-Caw section of Orangeburg County one day last week. Much damage was done to outbuildings and trees, but no lives were lost. ? Key West is oue of the most peculiar cities in the world. She has a popula? tion of more than 15,000, principally whites, but has no chimneys, no show windows, no brick blocks, no fine build? ings, no planing mills, no steam mills, no machine shops, no farmers driving in with loaded teams, no country roads, no railroads, no rattle of machinery, no noise of any kind, except the beating of tbe waves against her coral bound shores, and yet she does an immense shipping and manufacturing business for her size. What is lutolerance ? Editor INTELLIGENCER: Your arti? cle of Dec. 13th on the Theological Seminary in Columbia, to which Mr. Smyth, of Pelzer, refers in your issue of January 1st, was taken, as I supposed, from the Columbia Register, from which copies were taken by many other papers throughout the country. Nothing prejudicial to either the friends or op? ponents of Dr. Woodrow was said in that article, or in your abstract of it, as far as appeared to me. But wheu Mr. Smyth says: "As we all know it has been impossible to check the spirit of intolerance," he classifies his co-Preebyters who sat with him as his peers in the late Synod at Greenville. It is not desirable, on many accounts, to protract this discussion at present; but it would be a pity if your readers should infer from the above statement that part of that Synod was tolerant and a part intolerant. It was a perfectly open and free discussion. I have never listened to a discussion in which all tbe courtesiies of public debate were so finely observed, or one so free from parliamen? tary trick or maneuvre. Dr. Woodrow himself most admirably exemplified tbe courtesy and eloquence of the occasion. There was tolerance all round nud through the house. Dr. Woodrow was requested to select his own hours for speaking, and as many hours as he might desire. He availed himself of that privilege, and wisely selected the last that were to close the debate, and spoke seven hours. The Synod listened with profound and respectful attention, without any interruption, except, politely to ask a question, which Dr. Woodrow had solicited of all the members. It ! was avowed as many times as there was I any reason in it bat Synod was not, and would not, sit in judgment upon Dr. Woodrow's opinion, then under question, as a theological heresy. Every precaution was observed to keep intact bis reputa? tion as a Piesbyterian Minister and Doctor of Divinity; and when the con? clusion of tbe debate was reached, it was as mild an expression of the Synod's dis? approbation of his supposed uew teach? ing as was possible to tbe English lan? guage, without s?, ig nothing. Even after this, a complimentary resolution passed the house unanimously, in most courteous and affectionate terms express? ing to Dr. Woodrow the admiration of bis brethren. If there was any intoler? ance in all this?any in a vote of disap? proval of a certain form of instruction in our own Seminary?any in having honest convictions and kindly expresss ing them?expressing them in behalf of the Institution we are pledged to protect, then we must turn about and ask what is intolerance? It is, we think, common to men and' may be either: A bigoted fixity of re? ligious men that will not endure the opin? ions of scientific men, or a bigoted fixity of scientific men that will not endure the opinions of religious meo. Religion may be intolerant of science, and science may be intolerant of religion. May science claim to push her demands over into the region of theology, intolerant of any doctrine that may stand in her way, and the Church be denied tbe privilege of defending her citadel ? Is it tolera? tion in science to demand of theologians the control of a text of Scripture by the introduction of one of her theories? And intolerance in theologians to demur to that demand ? is it intolerance to be seriously convinced that a scientific theory is hostile to a religious doctrine and to say so? And, if this conviction ia the result of ignorance, how does it happen that this spirit of intolerance could not be checked in fair and open debate? It is a sort of tacit verdict of the world that intolerance is an attribute of tbe ignorant party, and the Church has been assigned her position iu that party. Hence her opposition to any new idea has been styled 11 odium theologicum /" and hence, also, many of her friends have imperceptibly slid in their aympa* tbie3 over to'the party that Beems to be honored with literary favor. If it be true that a great many of the friends of the Church have allowed their sympas thies to go over to the side of scientific theories, at the expense of their loyalty to souud doctrine, it is a proof that the Church.has been very tolerant, too tol? erant; and the late expression of her convictions through the Synods has not been trio soon. Her toleration of the advance of new philosophical opinions within her pale during the last 50 years, in other forms beside that of evolution, has been an expensive toleration ; and to wake up now to a recognition of tbe fact is not only not intolerant, but she would be recreant to her trust if she were not as faithful as that. Tbe cry evermore is that we are fight? ing evolution, and that tbe Church is intolerant of free inquiry and scientific research. The truth is, that the Church is in auch complete sympathy with science in all her findings, that she is almost ready to endorse theories that have not yet been demonstrated; and to give them encouragement has already allowed a vernacular creed to grow up among her members in the place of por? tions of her written creed, that are now regarded as almost obsolete. Whether this be wise, or not it demonstrates that tbe Church is extremely tolerant of scientific progress. That the church has incurred tho "stain" and reproach of intol? erance by the late movement depends upon the standpoint whence that judg? ment, ifi pronounced. If popular opinion pronounces that the Church has incurred a stain, there is a higher judgment; and we think, it will, ere long, prove to be the honor of the Southern Presbyterian Church to have incured that reproach. D. E. F. Tobacco Raising in Sontli Carolina. "Richland," the wide awake Columbia correspondent of the Augusta Chronicle nnd Constitutionalist, communicates to that paper the intelligence that "a num? ber of farmers in the upper part of the State will experiment this year in tobac? co culture. They believe that they have lands admirably adapted to this crop, and will test it fully under the direction of men thoroughly informed in all mat? ters relating to this crop. Col. T. J.' 'Moore of Spartanburg County, one of the most prosperous and progressive farmers of the up-country, will plant fifty acres and cultivate the crop under instructions from a Virginian of long experience. If the experiments are successful, tobacco will be planted largely in that section in 1886." The Midland KniIro.nl. Nothing-published in the News for a long time has aroused as much interest in this city as the announcement of the arrival of Mayor Courtenay, of Charles? ton, and the meeting of the directors of the Greenville and Laurens Railroad. The people generally felt tbat they were at last face to face with a question of vital importance to the city and tbat the time and circumstances demanded the most earnest and careful consideration. The railroad question was the leading one everywhere, and those who favor the union of the Greenville and Laurens with the Georgia Central and those who favor combination with the Midland dis? cussed the advantages and disadvantages of the respective plans with absence of heat and prejudice, and proved the gen? eral disposition to be guided only by the best possible judgment. The great preponderance of sentiment eeems to be in favor of tbe Midland con? nection, but the minority is strong and able. Very few, however, dissented from tbe opinion tbat if any assurance can be given by the Midland of an ex? tension over the mountains it will be to Greenville's interest to back it with all she can command. Capt. Courtenay met the directors of the Greenville and Laurens and a num? ber of prominent citizens at the office of Isaac M. Bryan at half-past 10 o'clock yesterday, Alex. McBee, Hamlin Beattie, Wm. Wilkins and Mayor Townes being among those present beside the directors. There was an informal conference last? ing an hour and a half, during which views were interchanged and questions naked and answered on all sides. The twelve directors then met at tbe office of T. Q. Donaldson, adjourned, after a ses? sion of two hours, until the evening, and met again at 7 o'clock, remaining until 10. The policy of the road for the imme? diate future was discussed carefully and elaborately, Capt. Courtenay being again present by invitation. The following resolution was finally adopted: "Resolved, That this Board has. heard with great interest and satisfaction the statement of Mayor Courtenay as to the intention, scope and possibilities of the proposed Midland Railroad company, and that we concur in tbe opinion that it is to the interest of the counties of Laurens and Greenville, aud tbe city of Green? ville, tbat the Greenville and Laurens railroad line, now graded, be made a part of the Midland railroad, on equitable terms, when that company is organized and a sufficient amount of stock subscribed to assure tbe success of the enterprise; the terms and conditions of such consoli? dation to be agreed upon hereafter, and that the interests of tbe present status of this company demand prompt action on the part of the corporators of the Midland railroad. "That a certified copy of these resolu? tions be banded by the secretary to Mr. Courtenay." It is understood that this action is sat isfactory to Capt. Courtenay as the rep? resentative of tbe corporators of the Mid lane Road. His visit here was for the purpose of obtaining a basis on which to wor'i and that is seen red by the resolu? tion. It is stated that the road was orig? inally projected by thinking men whose atfention was attracted by tbe phenome? nally low price of steel rail and other railroad material and supplies. They concluded that now is the time to build a road from Charleston to tbe interior if euch a road ever is to be. The purpose is to form an alliance between Charleston Hind the upper Counties and to build the road in tbe quickest possible time between Greenville and Columbia, with the ulti? mate purpose of further alliances to ex? tend to Asheville. It is estimated that the road from Greenville to Columbia can be built for $1,000,000 or $1,100,000 and can be completed within six months. From Columbia to Charleston there are two river lines, with either or both of which satisfactory traffic arrangements can be made. The success or failure of the road is now practically left with Charleston. . If she sufficiently supplements what can be given and subscribed in the upper Counties there is nothing in the way of success. Mayor Courtenay seems to be confident tbat with the assurancee of liberal support iu this section there will be little difficulty in obtaining what is needed from below.?Qrcenville Newa. A Lesson for Charleston. Tbe Mason cotton harvester and gin have stood tbe test and trial and exami? nations which leave little doubt of their universal adoption. Nothing bo impor? tant to agriculture has occurred since the invention of the McCormick reaper. The two machines, the picker and tbe gin, will revolutionise cotton culture, and will have a very important bearing ou the race question in the Southern States. There is another consideration which should not be lost sight of. When Mr. McCormick, who was at the time living in Rockbridge County, Virginia, had perfected his invention he deemed it ex? pedient to establish the works for its manufacture in Chicago, where be and other members of his family went to re? side. In the then condition of things, and looking to tbe fields in which his reapers were chiefly to operate, he doubt? less decided wisely for bis own interest. But, think for a moment what it would have been worth to Richmond, and to Virginia, if he had chosen this city in? stead of Chicago for his workshops, These shops uow occupy twenty-four acres, and give employment to more than 1,600 men. They turned out last year 54,841 machines, and during the thirty-six years that the inventor lived, from the time of his removal from Vir? ginia, they were tbe means of building up a fortune for him of over $20,000,000. What tbey have brought to Chicago in the meantime it would not be easy to estimate. Now the idea we wish to sug? gest to Mr. Mason and his friends is that, while he ha3 done something of immense value to the South by bis inventions, he may enhance that value materially by J taking care that the profits of making his machines shall also enure to the South. It will not be difficult for him to find a favored location for both manu? facture and distribution, and if we do not much over-estimate the demand there will be for both bis harvester and gin, there are a number of places that would give a handsome bonus for the establish? ment of the works.?Richmond, Fa., In? dustrial South. Big One Horse Fanning. Mr. William M. Walker, who cultivat? ed a one horse farm the past season, about a mile West of Yorkville, sent Commiss? ioner Butler the following statement of his expenses and receipts : 18 acres in cotton yielded 7,209 pounds of lint, which brought him $671.01 ; 480 bushels cotton seed at ISA cents, $88.S0 ; 10 acres in oats, 600 bushels, at 60 cents, $360; 5 acres in corn, 200 busbelsr at 75 cents, $150; 1,500 bundles of fodder, at $1.50 cents per hundred, $22.50; 4 acres iu wheat, 44 bushels, at 90 cents, $39.60 cents. Total receipts $1,302.51. Paid for 1,000- bushels cotton seed, at 15c., $150; 2 tons acid phosphate, at $18.50, $37 ; hire aud hoard of one regu? lar hand $180 ; extra labor $75 ; for use of horse and feed $100; for picking cot? ton $108,93 ; blacksmithing $10. Total expenses $660.93. Net profit S671.5S. The cotton seed was broadcasted on stubble land and turned under last De? cember with a two horse plow. The acid was put in at planting time. Ordi? nary cultivation. _ ? We regret to learn that Mr. E. R. Horton, of Liberty Station, while hand? ling a pistol two or three days ago, acci dently discharged it, shooting off two fingers aud slightly wounding himself in the thigh. We hope bis wounds may not be serious.?Pic/tm* Sentinel. Enforcing: Agricultural Liens, The ibllowiug is the test of au Act passed at the recent session of our Legis? lature amending the Lien Law. The Act explains itself, and is as follows : An Act authorizing Trial Justices to issue warrants for the enforcement of Agricultural Liens in certain cases. Section 1. That when any person shall have made advances for agricultu? ral purposes and shall have hecured a Lien .upon the crop or crops of the person to whom such advances may be made, according to the provisions of law relat? ing to agricultural Liens, and the amount of such advances do not exceed one hun? dred dollars, it shall be lawful for any Trial Justice of tbe County in which such Lien is indexed, upon the produc? tion of said Lien, and proofs required in cases where Clerks of the Court may issue warrants, to issue his warrant direct? ed to a Constable or the Sheriff of the County, requiring him to seize said crop or crops, and after due notice sell the same for cash and apply the net proceeds thereof, or so much thereof as may be necessary, in extinguishment of said Lien; Provided, that if the person to whom such advances have been made shall give notice in writing within ten days after such seizure, accompanied with an affidavit to the effect that tbe amount claimed is not justly due, then the Trial Justice issuing tbe warrant shall, at the expiration of twenty days, decide an issue which shall be made up, in which the person who may have made auch advances shall be the actor. Sec. 2. That every landlord leasing lands for agricultural purposes shall have the right to enforce his Lien for rent in tbe same manner, upon tbe same condi? tions and subject to the same restrictions as are herein provided for persons mak? ing advances for agricultural purposes. Sec. 3. That this Act shall not be so construed as to prevent Clerks of tbe Court of tbe several Counties of the State from issuing warrants to enforce agricul? tural Liens in all cases now provided for by law. Maine's New Ambition. Washington, January 3.?It is but natural that great curiosity should be manifested respecting Mr. Blaine's occu? pations, aspirations, hopes and doings while domiciled at the national capital, as well as the underlying motives for the abandonment of bia Augusta borne and reoccupation of Washington, But two months remain of President Arthur's term, aud it will be Mr. Blaine's particular pleasure to make these brief eight weeks as uncomfortable as possible to bis administration. He will scheme for the rejection of the Spanish, Mexican and Nicaragua treaties, not only because their underlying policy is repellant to that advanced by bim while Secretary of State, but because he is avsrse to the aggraudizement of any glory which may possibly attach to their consummation through the efforts of the President and Secretary Frelinghuysen. Tbe possible election of President Arthur to the Senate as the successor of Senator Lapbam is a very disagreeable reflection to Mr. Blaine. Re had un? doubtedly builded upon the hope that the ides of March would chronicle the permauent retirement of President Ar? thur from public life, at least for many years to come, and that tbe Arthur dy? nasty would pass into the intangible as a necessary sequence to his deprivation of power. Meantime, should nothing more favorable preseut, he would be returned to the Senate from the "Dirigo" State, to succeed Mr. Hale, whose term expires in 1887, in the very middle of President Cleveland's official life. Mr. Blaine permitted Mr. Hale's elec? tion to the Senate to succeed Hannibal Hamlin, and opened the Senate gateway to Mr. Frye, who succeeded him when he resigurd to accept the portfolio of State uuder the Garfieid administration. These two Senators, however, have from time to time displayed a disposition to declare their independence of Mr. Blaine; but as the lion is stronger than the whelps, it is quite likely the king of tbe Maine forest will reach out his strong paw next year and place it upon the first senator ship within his grasp. It is a fallacy to suppose that a man cf Mr. Blaine's tem? perament can content himself in a private station, for, while that may have been tbe Roman post of houor, Mr. Blaine has too many irons in the fire and too large a supply of recoupments to permit political emasculation in the prime of his years. Helping General Grant. New York, January 2.?Mr. George W. Childs, on his arrival in this city, had a long conference with General Grant relative to the $100,000 fund which a number of the general's rich friends are raising to clear off his indebtedness to William H. Yanderbilt for the big loan that was swallowed up in the Grant & Ward failure. It is now known that the whole amount necessary to meet the claim of which Mr. Yanderbilt himself voluntarily knocked off $60,000, has al? ready been practically pledged. All that now remains is to arrange matters so that in case the courts decide that General Grant was a regular partner in the de? funct firm, the other creditors will not be able to levy on tbe war relics and real estate. It was to effect this protective measure that Mr. Childs spent all bis labors. The committee who have charge of the subscription propose to pay Mr. Vanderbilt $100,000, but instead of giv? ing General Grant a quit claim the securities will be held by themes a sort of trust fund during General Grant's lifetime. The $250,000 annuity fund that George Jones, of the New York Times, raised is administered in this way, and cannot be touched by any creditors or claimants. General Grant weut out of doors on Widnesday for the first time in many days. He visited a friend at the Fifth avenue hotel, and hobbled to his room on crutches. Hia face looked pale and care? worn, and he appeared depressed. The movement for raising ?100,000 to relieve General Grant from' the mortgage liability has taken practical abape. Mr. Cyrus W. Field received to-day from D. B. Wesson, of Smith & Wesson, Spring? field, Mass., a check for $1,000 as bis contribution toward the fund being raised for the relief of General Grant. Washington, January 2.?A promi? nent government official says that when in New York a few days ago, he li-.arned that five physicians had been cabed in consultation to examine the state of General Grant's health, and had arrived at tbe conolusion that the General was at present completely broken down physi? cally, and he required absolute rest. Is Wilkes Booth Dead 1 The Globe Publishing Company of Washington, D. C, have in press a small volume giving a history of the assassina? tion of Lincoln and of tbe relations of many distinguished persons to that event and to Booth. Much of the book is designed to show that Booth still lives, and that the reward of SI 00,000 proffered by Stanton enabled Booth to escape. In other words, the man whom Booth hired to accompany Harold from the bridge over the Fast Branch, and who wa3 killed in the barn near the Rappahannock, was never seen or identified, except by those who shared among themselves the $100, 000. The writer of the volume insists that Booth is now with El Mahdi, as shown by extracts from letters from the Soudan recently published in the London Times. ? The new Kimball House in Atlanta will be opened on January 10. About three hundred rooms will be ready for guests. I A Sad Warning. * Mr. Benjamin T. Moore, a young man. who had been employed in the city as a dry goods clerk, died about half-past 2 p. m. yesterday, of mania-a-polu, in the 24th year of his age. Mr. Moore was a victim of excessive alcoholic indulgence. Tuesday evening, the 23d instant, he left the store of Mimnaugh & Co., where he was employed, went to his room at the Central House and there remained until about 2 o'clock last Saturday morning, when he jumped from his window on the second floor, while suffering wi th delirium tremens. He received no injury from his leap. Mr. Coleman, the County Jailer and brother in-law of deceased, took Mr. Moore to the Jailer's apartments and summoned a physician on Sunday morn? ing, who did all that was possible for the ! relief of the young man, but without avail, as he began sinking Monday night. Mr. Moore was at one time the most reliable salesman in the employ of Mim? naugh & Co., and was entrusted with the business of the Chester house during the absence of the head of the firm, but his unfortunate love of strong drink bore him down. The deceased was a son of Dr. Benjamin Moore, a resident of Co? lumbia many years ago.? Columbia Reg? ister, December 31. Cleveland and Hurt!. Albany, N. Y., January 2.?Gover . nor Cleveland said last night to an asso? ciated press reporter, that the statement made by Mr. Hurd, at Cincinnati, that he was president of a free trade club, was not true. The governor further states that be bad never been connected in any way with any such organization. Toledo, 0., January 2.?In relation to the circulated report as to an assertion made by him in reference to the connec? tion of Governor Cleveland with a free trade club, Hon. F. H. Hurd says that be had a private conversation in a pri? vate room with a few friends in Cincin? nati, in which the policy of the new ad? ministration as to the tariff reform was discussed. In that conversation Mr. Hurd said he thought Governor Cleve? land would be found in sympathy with the views of the majority of the Demo? cratic party on that point. As a circum? stance he stated that he had been in? formed by a prominent citizen of Buffalo that the organization of the free trade club in that city took place in the office of the law firm of which Governor Cleveland was a member. Mr. Hurd never intended to be understood as say? ing that Governor Cleveland was then connected with a free trade organization, as be had no information upon the sub? ject from that gentleman, nor from any? one, except as herein stated. The con? versation was supposed to be a purely private one among a party of gentlemen. South Carolina's Yote. Columbia, January 5.?A rumor ran about this evening that Mr. B. H. Rut ledge, Jr., the electoral messenger of the State, bad telegraphed from Washington for his credentials, and that on account of his not having them the electoral vote of the State could not be delivered in accordance with law. It was ascertained that Mr. Rutledge did telegraph on Sat? urday to Senator Hampton, who was t'ien in Columbia, asking that credentials be forwarded him. Senator Hampton left for Washington that evening. A duplicate return of the electoral vote must be delivered by the messenger to the President of the Senate by the first Wednesday in January, the 7th instant, and credentials are necessary to their proper delivery by the messenger. In the absence of other information it is believed that the electoral board forgot to make the credentials. As they must be signed by a majority of the member of the board it seems impossible to have them out and presented in Washington by Wednesday. The law prescribes that of the returns sent by messenger be not delivered to the President of the Senate by the time prescribed he is required to procure from the United States Judge of the District in which the electors met the duplicate copy furnished him by the electors. The vote of tbe State will be counted, but it may. have to be accomplished by this round about method. ? Somebody manufactured a story re? cently to the effect that an iron box con? taining $47,000 in Spanish coins had been found by parlies digging on an island in the Susnuehanna River, near Danville, Pa. A dispatch from the latter point says: "Imagine the surprise of the peo? ple here a a few days ago on the arrival of two well-to do looking men from Philp ? delpbia, who called to establish a claim to the property. They represented that their great-grandparents, while traveling down the Susquehanna in 1749, were at? tacked near the island where the box was said to have been discovered by In? dians; that the white people were mur? dered and the box of coin carried on tbe island, They were laughed at, and told that the story was only a hoax. This they would not believe, and employed a lawyer to secure to them their rights. They were finally convinced of the folly of their errand, and gladly got out of town." ? Christmas Day, two boys?Eobert H. Brown, the son of Frank Brown, de ceased, and Joseph R. Brown^ the son of Willis J. Brown?near Zoar, in Concord Township, got into a playful scuffle in Mr. Willis Brown's dining-room just as some of the family were about sitting down to dinner. Before the scuffle com? menced, Joseph bad an open knifein his hand, aud he continued holding it, when one noticing it, and thiuking he might hurt himself, told him to put it up. Just then, and before he could shut the knife, he stumbled backward and fell, with the open knife pointing upward, and Robert, falling on him, was fatally stabbed and died in a few moments. The Coroner's jury found a verdict in accord? ance with the above.? Watch man and Southron. ? Speaker Carlisle's friends declare that he has never had any ambition for a place in Cleveland's cabinet, and that the only political honor he has in view is tbe speakership of the next house, for which he is already a pronounced candi? date. It is also said that Carlisle will be put forward for the first vacancy that shall occur on the Supreme Court and that his dream is to become chief J ustice. ? John Lowder, of Ottawa, Canada, while on his dying bed last week con? fessed having committed a murder for which his son was hanged two years ago. ? The building fund of the African Methodist Church at Grand Rapids, Mich., was lo3t at faro by two of t'ae trus? tees. ? Gladstone must have seven and one half hours sleep every night-r-seven without that extra thirty minutes won't do, he says. ? Mrs. Tom Thumb has abandoned her attempted show business in disgust. She drew the line on a loss of $1,100, and went home a sadder and wiser little widow. O. E. PBIKCE. J- K. VAKDIVER. PRINCE & YANDIYER, ATTORNEYS AT LAW, ANDERSON, - - S, ?. OFFICE?On Whitner Street, over Book Store of G, W. Fant & Son, oppo? site Auditor's Office. Jan 8,1885_2G_3m Dangerous Bridge. THE County Commissioners hereby no? tifies the public of the dangerous condition of Dunham's Bridge over Saluda River. JOSHUA JAMESON, A. 0. XOKKI3, W. J. ROBINS, Commissioners Anderson County. Jan 8,1885 2a 1 SHINGLES. LH Q2 ANOTHER County beard from and BARTON still ahead in the Lumber Business. All parties who contemplate buildin;; this year will rind it to their interest to see ine before ma? king any trades for their Lumber. I Shingles, Brick. Dressing, Dray j ing, &c. / can save you money ! All orders promptly filled. Satisfaction guaranteed. Call and see me at Blue Ridge I Yard. JAS. E.. BARTON. I -gNiAVHapuBgNissaua Jan 8. 1885 20 3m riTHE undersigned has removed his Of X fice to the residence of John N. Sutherland, j?sq., in the Town of Belton, where he can always be found when not professionalis engaged. J. C. HARRIS, M. D. Jan 8, 188-1_20_4? NOTICE FINAL SETTLEMENT. The undersigned, Administrator of the Estate o ' Wm, Smith, deceased, here? by gives no :ice that he will apply to the Judge of Probate for Anderson County, on 10th day of February, 1885, for a Final Set? tlement of said Estate and discharge from bis office as Administrator. M. G. SMITH, Adm'r. Jan 8,1835_26_5_ MONEY TO LEND, IN SUMS OF Five Hundred Dollars AND upwards, on improved Farming Lands for five years. Interest is 10 per cent, and no commissions charged. Borrower p*ys for expenses of making necessary papers. Loans made for five, years, with ti e privilege of paying in instal? ments, or in one payment to suit borrower. For particulars, apply to FRANK. C. WHITNER. Anderson, S. C, or JNO. B. PALMER & SON, Columbia, S. C. Jan 8, 1885_26_-4_ EXECUTOR'S SALE. -o WE will :*ell to the highest bidder on? SALESDAY IN FEBRUARY" next, all tin; property of M. D. Kennedy, deceased, in the late Firm of Kennedy tfc Mclntyre, consisting of? GROCERIES, SHOES. NOTIONS, Etc. All persons having demands against the late Firm are requested to present the .same, duly attested, within the time prescribed by law, and all persons indebted to said Firm will pay up at once to the surviving part? ner. JOHN McGRATH, hi. KENNEDY, Ex'rs. Est. M. D. Kennedy, decM. Jan 8,1885_26_? 4 Notice to Trespassers. ALL persons are hereby warned not to hunt, fish, ride over, or allow their stock to trespass upon the lands of the un? dersigned. Anyone disregarding this no? tice will be prosecuted at law. J. W. BOWIE, J. M. CAMPBELL, T. A. STEVENSON, J. W. STEVENSON? C. M. SEERARD, J. W. SHERARD, D. J. SHERARD. J. J. McCURRY, WM. HAMILTON. Jan 8, 1885 _26_1* Notice to Trespassers. ALL perso as are hereby notified not to hunt, fish or otherwise trespass on the lands of the undersigned, Any person or persons disregarding this notice will be prosecuted at law. MRS. MARGARET CARLISLE, J. B. SIMPSON, H. H. ACKER, MRS. F. A. BELLOTTE. Jan 8,1885_26_1? Dissolution of Partnership. THE Firm heretofore existing under the firm.name of Maxwell & Sloan was dissolved by mutual consent On- the 16th day of August, 1884. All persons indebted ; to the Firm are hereby notified to call atrd settle with J. D. Maxwell before the first day of February, as the Accounts will be {ilaced in the hands of an Officer of the. aw for collection after that date. J. D. MAXWELL, T. D. SLOAN. Jan 8,1835 _26_3__ REPORT OF THE CONDITION National Bank of Anderson, AT Anderson, in the State of South Carolina, at the close of business December, 20th 1S84: RESOURCES. Loans and Discounts.8108,536 92 Overdrafts. 157 40 U. S. Rands to s ware Circulation. 50.000 00 Other stocks, bends and mortgages. 2G,90O 00 Due from approved reserve agents........ 70,146 32 ? Due from other National Banks. 22,859 8S Real Estate, Furniture and Fixtures. 10,000 00 Current Expenses and Taxes paid. 2,761 14 Premiums paid. 5,000 00 Bills of other Hanks. 12,919 00 Fractional paper currency, nickels, pen? nies-. SO 93 Specie. 13,891 25 Legal Tender Notes. 3,046 00 Redemption Fund with U. S. Treasurer, (5 pei cent of circulation,). 2,250 00 Total.$328,554 84 LIABILITIES. Capital Stock pi.!d in.S 50,000 00 Surplus Fund.~. 50,000 00 Undivided Profits. 42,948 20 National Bank is'otes outstanding. 41,100 00 Dividends uppaid. 45 00 Individual Deposits subject tocheck. 122,393 72 Demand Certific iitea of Deposit. 22,067 92 Total.?328,554 84 STATE OF SO UTH CAROLINA, I COUNTY of AKDEBSOJf. / I, J. A. Brock, Cashier of the above named Bank, do solemn ly swear that the above statement is true, to the best of my knowledge and belief. J. A. BKOCK, Cashier. Subscribed and sworn to before mo this Srd day of January, 1885. WM. S. BROWN, Notary Public. Correct?Attest c4eo. w. Fist, i Joskpu N Bbowj*, {-Directors. S. Blkcki.lv, J Jan 8,1385_26_1_ CLERK'S CASH REPORT. Sta':e ok South Carolina, Anoebson Countt. in the Common Pleas, 1st day January, 1SS5.. RECEIVED of John W. Daniels, retiring Clerk, drafts for four thousand seven hundred alid ninty-six 50-100 dollars, on account of the distributive shares, and of the costs, heirs, devises, etc., in the follow ing causes, est? tea, ifcc, to wit: Estate of D. Richardson.S 124 23 Matthew Breazeale vs. D. K. Breazeale. 20 20 Harden Brock. 38 25. E. 13. Benson. 23 62. Thomas Bonnet. 293 90. Isaac and Susan Cannon. 60 IS Wm. Durham. 1134 Jan.jO. Gordon. 189 23 Rocert Giles. 202 5S Dr, O. L. Gaillard.....".. 1 00 S. J. Hammond. 2)50 95 Chas. Haynie. 340 24 P. S. Johnson. 168 00 Archibald Keaton. 7!) 78 John S. Lawton. 113 35 Thomas Leverett. 34 62 Willis McGee. 123 35 Thomas Milford. 20 20. Wm. Mulliken. 71 15. J. Ei McClurc. SO 84 Alley Mattisou. 88 84 J. S. & N. Mujors. 44 90> Thomas Orr. 192 84 JaUiCs Orr. 84 31 S. & E. Pepper. 164 80 Rev. A. W. Ross. 4 74 W. L. Smith. 11 5? B. F. Sloan. 37 87 San.'l Smith. 24 91 Kelly Sullivan. 327 0G Jdhn B. Sloan. 89 01 Isaac Timms. 200 11 Mary Todd. 529 09 L. A. Williams. 17 00 H. 13. Wardlaw. 35S 40 J N. Whittakcr vs. E. G. Brown. 64 01 Webb vs. G uy ton. 50 Wilson vs. Robinson. 50 00 Wm. R?dgens. 200 42 Sarah Pepper. 34 95 . $4,790 50 M. P. TRIBBLE, C. C. P. January 1,1.885. 26-1