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Tho Situation of tho Country-Tho
Now atari of tho Ropnblie.
The eighty-ninth anniversary of the
'American nation has passed, and we
DOW take a new start in history. When
we consider what this couotiy has
accomplished in less than a century
we are amazed; but what we have
accomplished is as bothing comps-ed
to what we shall achieve during the
next one hundred years. For the last
four years the strength oC this Govern?
ment, which had already been tested
by several small rebellious and a foreign
war, has been still more severely tried
by a vast insurrection, and it has
shown itself fully equal to any demand
which can be made upon it. We
have now got rid' of the dogma of
State Rights; we have got rid of the
odious institution of slavery; we have
got rid of the latent hostility between
the two sections of the country, and
we have got rid of the rule of stereo?
typed politicians. Consequently we
?re now in a splendid condition to
take a new start and redeem all the
errors of the past.
We shall start under the very best
*us*picea. Our flag, which foreign
nations and domestic traitors sought to
tear in half, is now honored and re?
spected all over" the world. All of the
seceded States are now iu the Union,
firmly and safely, with the single ex?
ception of the peninsula of Florida,
which wai of very little Account before
or during the war, and which now
only awaits the appointment of a pro?
visional governor. President Johnson
has so well managed the work of re?
construction, or rather of restoration,
that the whole country has united in
his support, as it united to support
Washington and Lincoln. The poli?
ticians are therefore at a disadvantage.
They cannot defend President John
son, since nobody attacks him; and
they are equally unable to attack him
since everybody is ready to volunteei
in his defence. To keep them in this
position, like serpents with their fang!
drawn, is the purpose of all tru<
patriots; and so long as Presiden
Johnson continues in the .admiraba
line of policy which he has market
out for himself, there will be no necea
sky for the existence of more than ont
party in the Republic. An oppositioi
cannot exist without something ti
oppose; and hitherto no one has foun<
anything to oppose under the admiois
tratidn of President Johnson. Evet
the radicals, who are cronic fault
finders, have ceased their grumbling
seeing that nobody considered i
worthy of serious attention, and tbs
it was not at all likely to lead to an
practical results, 'lhis sudden cess?
tion of the radical fanfaronade is on
of the best proofs of the unanimity i
the country.
The work before us during the nei
decade is by no means easy, and yet
is by no means beyond our powers. I
the first place, we must re organij
and re-in vig?rate the South. Th!
region, which has been blasted ar
desolated by the war, roust be made 1
blossom like the rose. This can on
be done by the aid of Northern caf
tal and the hearty and'cordial effor
of the Southerners themselves. In
roately acquainted as we are with tl
people of both sections, we have n
the slightest doubt that this work w
be speedily accomplished in the han
somest possible style. In the secot
place, there is the queition of neg
suffrage, which underlies the futt
prosperity of the South. If the Sou!
erners are wise they, will at once grr
the negroes a vote and guard it
such educational or property qual
cations as" are now in force in Mas
chusetts and New York, To tb
qualifications no one can possit
object, and the simple fact that I
South has willingly complied with t
demand for negro suffrage will
more to re establish the Union tba;
thousand, victories in the field. ]
sides this, it will give the South
control of several hundred thous:
new votes, which will otherwise
into the hands of the radical lear.'
of the North, and it will enable
Southern States to secure a ape
representation ia Congress, if not
the other departments of the Govi
meot. We believe that the South*
ers have learned wisdom enough
ring the war to consent to wba
inevitable, sod that negro sn fir ag
consequently a thing accomplished. In
the third place, the national debt must
be paid. When the South is regene?
rated and is laboring band in hand
with the North, there will be no dif?
ficulty in regard to our debt. Every?
thing is, therefore, favorable for a new
start on the path of empire, and the
situation of the country is really as
excellent aa could be desired.
\New York Herald.
. .United States Direct Tax.
In reply to the many inquiries daily
made of us as to the character, etc., of
the United States tax, we copy the
following from the Charleston Courier.
From another source we learn that this
tax, if paid within the sixty days from
the time of notice, ia eight dollars on
the thousand dol?ais of valuation. We
presume that real estate in this State
will be taxed according to its real
value and not at the arbitrary value
heretofore fixed by the State for the
purposes of taxation; but, on this
point, we are not confident:
The United States tax now being
collected by the commissioners in
Charleston is levied by an Act of Con?
gress, approved August 5, 1861, and
is part of a tax for the year 1861,
upon the entire real estate of the
nation. The quota of the States then
in rebellion not having been paid, an
Act was passed in June-approved the
7th-1862, extending the provisions
of the tax law to 'insurrectionary dis
tricts.' It ts under this latter Act, as
amended February 6,1863, and March
3, 1865, that the commissioners are
DOW proceeding.
By its provisions,.as soon as the na?
tional military authority is established
over any political sub-division of a
State, Che law is to go into effect. The
commissioners are directed to assess a
due proportion of the tax upon each
piece of real estate, whether in town
or. country, open an office, and give
notice that the tax is payable and they
are prepared to receive it. The assess?
ment is to be based on the last valua?
tion made by the State prior, to Janu?
ary 1,1861, or in default of that, upon
such other valuation as the commis?
sioners may be best able to ascertain.
The tax is to be received sixty days
from the giving of the notice, without
interest; after that period, interest
attaches at the rate of ten per cent,
per year from the first day of July,
1862.
Each tax-payer is to appear at the
office of the commissioners in person,
or, in case he cannot so appear, then
by his attorney, either in fact or le?
gally appointed; and the attorney must
show that the person whose tax he
applies to pay either bas not engaged
in the rebellion voluntarily, or has
taken the oath of allegiance to the
United States.
On the expiration of the sixty days,
all property on which tho tax is unpaid
is considered forfeited to the Untied
States,' and the commissioners may
sell the same by giving thirty days'
notice. But the tax may be paid at
any time before the day appointed for
sale, by paying the .nterest accruing
as above, stated, and in addition, a
penalty equal to one-half the tax,
which attaches as soon as the property
is advertised for sale.
The interest in Charleston became
chargeable after the 6th inst The
penalty will not so become, probably,
till November next, before which
time, it is thought, no advertisement
of tax sales will he made.
After the sale, sixty days is allowed
for redemption on payment of pur?
chase money, with interest at the rate
of 15 per cent, per year from time of
sale. Any person can redeem within
this time. After that, persons proving
loyalty may redeem at any time within
' a period of from one to two years,
varying in length according to their
' class, whether as persons beyond seas,
. minors, etc., and according to the dis?
. cretion of the tax commissioners. An
> appeal may be made from the decision
I of the tax commissioners to the United
' States Courts.
? The certificates of sale, however, is
. sued by the commissioners, can be
affected in only one of three ways:
. 1st, by showing no tax was charge
? able; 2d, by showing payment of tax;
' or, 3d, redemption of property.
The commissioners are empowered
? to bid in, under certain regulations,
. property for the United States at the
tax sales. The property so bid in may
afterwards be resold in quantities not
to exceed 320 acres to any one pur?
chaser. At these secondary sales,
officers, soldiers, sailors and marines,
having faithfully served in the army,
navy or marine corps of the United
States for not less three months, are
entitled to buy, by paying one-fourth
the purchase money down, and the
balance within three years, without
interest.
Under certain other regulations the
commissioners are required to bid in
lands at the tax sales for various Go>
vernment and charitable purposes.
More than one-half of the lands sold
for taxes in Beaufort District have
been so bid in. Some of these have
been set apart for military purposes,
but by far the larger share has been
reserved for schools and for 'heads of
families of the African race,' to whom
they have been sold in small parcels
not exceeding twenty acres each, at
private sale, and at the nominal price
ot oue.dollar and a half an acre.
THE Two ARMIES.- An English
officer, who got, to Richmond just in
time to witness the evacuation, writes
home from Canada, which he was
fortunate enough to reach, that he
witnessed the last battles before Peters- j
durg, the departure of one army, and
the entry of tho other. He says:
The Confederate army had no '
forage, no rations, little clothing, bad
ammunition-in fact, nothing but
their indomitable pluck-and were
almost starving at the time of sur?
render. I am not exaggerating; food
everywhere waa scarce, and I was
hungry enough myself sometimes.
The Federal army was splendidly
equipped and furuiahed with every
possible requisite, abundance of stores,
fresh meat, vegetables, everything a
soldier could wish for; their wagon
train was magnificent, and decidedly
the best branch of their service. We
have nothirjg*at all like it
The Virginia Legislature has ad?
journed. Nearlv all the measures re?
quired by Gov. Pierpont to assist him
in the work of reconstructing the State
Government were passed, eliciting
little or no debate in their passage.
The most important of these was that
extending the elective franchise to
persons who were excluded from it by
the Alexandria Constitution. These
persons are those who have voluntarily
giveu aid and comfort Co the rebellion
since the first of January, 1864. The
election of members of Congress and
of the new Legislature is to take
place on tho 12th of next October.
At this election the people are also to
decide whether the Legislature shall
have power to repeal the constitution?
al provision which excludes from hold?
ing office all who have been engaged
in the rebellion.
BIRDS.-In Philadelphia, the birds
introduced into thc public squares aro
growing in numbers rapidly, building
nests almost directly over the public
walks, and make the air melodious
with their sweet, cheery voices. They
are living entirely upon the worms
and moths which now, as in years
past, infest the trees, and are, it is
thought, effecting a great deal of good
in their persistent hungry warfare on
these nuisances. Wrens are largely
in tho majority; owing to the fact that
the bird boxes put up iu the trees
were not made large enough for other
birds; but there aro also blue birds,
sparrows, and other varieti'" flitting
about, and next year they, too, will be
comfortably settled.
Saddle and Bridle for Sale.
ANO. 1 SADDLE and BRIDLE aad
SADDLE CLOTH for sale. Apply
to G. D. HOPE
July IS 3* Richland street.
PIANO, FURNITURE, &c.
AT private sale, an elegant Rosewood
7-octavo PIANO, various articles of
FURNITURE, GLASS and CHINA. Also,
a set of elegant LACE CURTAINS and
CORNICES, perfectly new. Apply corner
Bull and Lady streets, rear of Eresby te
rian Church._ July 18 3*
For Sale,
AFINE TOP BUGGY, (new,) with a
good HORSE and set of SILVER
PLATED H ARNESS. Also, a Double Set
of HARNESS and one CARRIAGE POLE.
Can be seen at soy time, at my residence
oo Camden street. 4 C. HAMBURG.
July 18 3*
_i j 1
AUCTION SALES.
Zealy, Scott and Bruns
WILL sell, at their marl, THIS MORN?
ING*, at 10 o'clock, .
Blankets, Sheela, Pillow-slips,
Shirts. Clothing,
Men's and Boya' Straw Hat-, .
Cribs, Fenders, Copper Pots,
Rocking Chairs, Ovens, Pots,
Plates, Cups and Saucers,
Lamps, Figs,
Pickled Beef, Ac. Terms cash.
Unlimited articles received up to hour
of sale._July 18 1
Nails, Iron, Shoes, Yarn, Furnitur?, ?LC.
By A. R. Phillips.
TO-MORROW (Wednesday) MORNING,
at Q$ o'clock, I will sell, at my Auction
Room, Bedell's Row,
10 kegs Nails, assorted sizes.
S.OOO Horse-shoe Iron.
48 pairs Ladies' firle Leather Gaiters.
Bunches Cotton Yarn.
ALSO,
Bureau, Bedstead, Chairs.
Mattresses, Feather Bede, Tables.
Washstands, Trundle Bedstead.
Letter and Cap Paper, lot Books.
Bathing Tub, bottles Vinegar.
Lot Wool and Curled Hair.
100 Empty Bags.
Twilled and Homespun Drawers, ?cc.
N. B.-Unlimited articles received until
hour of sale. July 18 2 j
An Extensive and Positive Sale of Handsomt j
Furniture. j
_ By Jacob Levin.
JOSEPH SAMSON, Salesman.
WILL be sold, without any reserve, TO?
MORROW MORNING, 19th inst., at 10
o'clock, at the residence of Mr. Hei,
three squares below the State House, j
Marble-top Bureau, do. Washstand, do.
Centre Tables, Bedsteads, (French.) Ma?
hogany Wardrobe, with Mirrors, do. Rock?
ing Chairs, do. Chairs, large Mirrors, Sofas,
Carpets, Beds and Bedding, Secretarv and
Bookcase, Books, (valuable,)Damask Cur?
tains, Crockery and Glassware, Kitchen
Utensils, and a general assortment of use
ful articles required in families. *
ALSO,
Two fine Pianos, in good condition.
ALSO.
Two Cowa and Calves-giving a quan?
tity of milk.
Conditions cash. July 18 2
Building Lot for Idease of Five Years.
By Jacob Levin, Auctioneer.
OK MONDAY next, 24th inst, I will offer
at public auction, on a lease of five
years.
The VACANT LOT on Assembly street,
adjoining Messrs. Zealy, Scott A Bruna,
belonging to the Hebrew Benevolent So?
ciety of Columbia. The said lot measures
40 feet on front and running back East
wardly 108 feet.
CONDITIONS.-Bond, with two approved
securities, payable in quarterly instal?
ments. July 18
CRUSHED SUGAR.
NO. 1 CRUSHED SUGAR, at 30 cents
per pound. For sale by
A. S. TRUMBO,
July 18 1 Henderson street
WANTED,
GOLD and SILVER COIN.
SILVERWARE.
Securities and Valuables. Highest prices
paid. ZEALY, SCOTT A BRUNS,
Brokers, Auctioneers and Com. Merc'ta,
July 18 8 Assembly street.
CB0CKEKYWABE.
PLATES, CUPS A3?D SAUCERS.
DOZ. assorted PLATES. era.
25 doz. assorted Cups and Sauc
At-extraordinary low prices.
ZEALY, SCOTT A BRUNS.
July 18 2
50
2~ DOZ. LADIES* GAITERS.
tj 25 " " Sewed Bootees.
25 doz. Ladies' Pegged Bootees. Cheap.
ZEALY, SCOTT A BRUNS.
July 18_2
Exchange Bank,
COLUMBIA, S. C., JULT 17, ?86S.
?MEETING of .Stockholders of this
Bank will be held at Mr. C. J. Bollin 's
dwelling house, on WEDNESDAY, 19th
inst., at ll o'clock a. m., for electing a
President and Directors of this Bank, and
for other purposes. 0
July 18 HENRY E. SCOTT, Cashier.
A- F. M
A A COMMUNICATION of Rich
>?#V'LAND Lodge No. 19, A. F. M., wili
/V\be held THIS EVENING, 18th
inst, for the transaction of business.
The Master's Degree will be conferred
on all entitled to receive the same. By
order of the W. M. R. TOZER, Sec'y.
July 18
"NEW BONNETS-NEW HATS.
JUST received and for sale at the resi?
dence of Mrs, S. J. COTCUETT, on
Barnwell street, between Laurel and Rich?
land streets, an assortment of FASHION?
ABLE STRAW BONNETS and HATS
white and colored. Also, Ladies'GLOVES
-a superior article. Ladies are invited
to call and examine for themselves.
July 18 tutb2*
n ARRIVALS ! !
"Via OliarleiBton
MELVIN M. COHEN,
Assembly Street, West Side, one
door from Pendleton Street,
COLUMBIA, S. C.,
ijrfC?j BEGS leave to inform the publie
WijobPthat he han juat received i SELECT
If?a&and VARIED STOCK of GOODS,
which will be sold at
WH0LE8ALE AND RETAIL J
-A.* Low Prices t
CONSISTING Or.
Prime Goshen Butter,
Choice Leaf Lard,
White Northern Cheese,
English Dairy "
Dutch Herrings,
t?moked Herrings,
Mackerel,
Sardines,
Brown Sugar
Crushed Sugar.
Superior Green Tea,
Black Tea,
Coffee,
Raisins,
Prunes,
Dates,
Figs.
" Citron,
Pipes,
Gum Drops.
Sugar Plums,
Wine Crackers,
Congress "
Ginger Cakes,
(. Lemon Syrup,
Raspberry 8yrup,
English Hops,
Fig Blue, for washing,
Colored Handkerchiefs,
Ladies' and Gent's Hose,
Shoe Brushes. Blacking,
Pickles, Buckets,
Brooms, Measures,
POCKET-BOOKS and VIOLIN STRINGS,
Scarf?'etti Smoking Tobacco,
Fine Cut and Chewing *
Choice Cigars,
Fancy Bar Soap,
Toilet Soap,
Clethes Lines,
Adamantine Candles,
Sperm "
Tallow '?
Ladies' fine Gaiters,
Gent's " "
Assorted Cordials,
French Brandy,
Plantation Bitters,
Bpurbon Whiskey,
Rye
Corn "
Claret,
Port Wine,
Cream Ale,
Gum Arabic,
Acetic Acid,
Race Ginger,
Powd;
TOOTH BRUSHES,
HAIR BRUSHES,
COPPERAS,
SOZODONT,
MATCHES,
Ac, <tc.
.ALSO,
A supply of FRESH LEMONS.
Together with a variety of
DRUGS,
AND
Fancy Articles.
NOTICE.-No liquors of any descrip?
tion will be sold from this establishment
without an order from Col. Haughton,
Commanding Post, or the certificate of a
respectable practising physician, known
to the subscriber. July 18 tutli2
