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\ ?OLLHVLBIA? Friday Morning, Hay 18, 1866. tm Profit? or Manufacturing. The necessity is now upon the people of the South to diversify their, industrial pursuits. Heretofore the production of our great staples was the chief occupation of capital and labor, and the quantities produced supplied the world, and in a great measure controlled the business and commerce of the world. But after all this was done, paying well as lt did, it left nothing behind but ex-1 haust?d, worn-out old fields, ?ad hence the planter had constantly to seek tho new and rich lands of the West to invest his capital and em? ploy his labor. Thus there was an actual impoverishment of the old home, and therefore no permanent improvement or building up of enter? prises that would become more and more valuable every year. But, as we have said before, the great and radical change that has swept over the South leaves the ne? cessity upon us of seeking new fields for the employment of capital. Manu? factures and trades, arts aud sciences, must now be cultivated, or else we must degenerate as a people, when compared with the North or Great Britain. The attention of capitalists and business men is thus forcibly di? rected to other avenues of industry, to other means of producing wealth. I With abundant water power, with j the staples around, with an inexhaust ible supply of minerals, of course the ! first aud most attractive pursuit is that of . manufacturing. For tho en? couragement of those who contem? plate engaging in the business, we append the following facts and figures collected by the Memphis Appeal: Some tables recently published ex? hibit that there were, even six years ago, 104,000 operatives engaged in manufacturing in New York and its two tributaries, Newark and Patter? son, whose gross earnings were $186, 798,705, or an average earning to each operative in New York cf $1, 283, in Newark, $1,201, and in Pat? terson, $1,171-the city operative having very much the largest earn? ing. At the same time, Boston and Lowell, with their supposed manu? facturing advantages, had but 32, 489 operatives, with a gross earning of $54,371,144, or an average per operative of $1,872 at Boston, and but $1,382 at Lowell. Philadelphia gave employment to over 96,000 operatives, with an average of earn? ing, for each, of $1,373. In St. Louis the average earnings of each operative is $2,328, $2,190 in Chicago, $1,574 in Cincinnatti, and $1,336 in Pittsburg. The same set of tables show that every dollar of capital invested in manufactures in St. Louis yields more than two dollars in return. At the begiuning of the war even, the value of manufactures in New York city exceeded by $28,000,000 those of four of the New England States; and it is alleged that those of Chicago also, are now greater in value than the manufactm-es of three of the New England States. There is much to encourage our people in these statistics. We have magnificent water-power scattered over every Southern State; we have the great staple, cotton, at our fac? tory doors without the cost of trans? portation ; thc iron ore and coal aro below the surface of tho earth ready to be disembowelled, and, in all par? ticulars almost, we have superior ad? vantages over the great manufactur? ing depots of the North and East. If we have a scarcity of labor at pre? sent, it will eventually come. The high average earnings of operatives recorded in the above compilation, which we think would be fully as high, if not higher, here at the South, would unquestionably attract labor, aud the artizans of the over-crowded population of Europe. So that be? sides the overruling necessity which governs us at this time, there is every pecuniary inducement to our people to enter at once with spirit and energy on this new field of industry, wealth and permanent prosperity. --. HEBREW CONVENTION.-Wo learn from the Jewish Messenger that the . annual session of the Board of Dele? gates will commence on Sunday, May 20, in th? city of New York. The executive committee have issued a circular notifying the congregations of the timo and place, and an un? usually full representation is antici? pated. The questions to bo consi? dered at the coming session will bo of importance to Israel. The mortality in Charleston, for the eleven months just ended, foots up, whites 560, ?.lacks 1,503. t? I No Mpre Humiliation. The Southern people have done everything consistent with honor and principle that can be expected from them. They are not "dirt-eaters," and cannot be humiliated further than the fortuites of war have jected them. The third section of the constitutional amendment dis? franchises the Southern people for four years, under the pretence that it will require that this period of proba? tion is to make them better citizens of the Union. The 26th of April and the 10th of May seemed to have maddened the radicals. On the former d?te; the ladies of the South, true to their pa? triotic instincts, and their fond re? membrances of their gallant dead, determined to decorate the graves of those heroes, and to keep green their memories. On the hitter occasion, the ceremonies commemorating the death of Stonewall Jackson, drive them raving. Thank God, wo aro not yet driven to the position of ab? ject slaves. We have gone just as far as we eau be driven. Although wo have accepted in good faith all the requisitions of our situation, and are as loyal as any people of any section of tho Union, there is still left among us a spirit that will submit to no fur? ther humiliation to the decrees of the radical faction. We have no idea that the people ol the South should submit to any fur? ther degradation. True and loyal tc the Government, unrepresented as they are in the councils of that Go? vernment, they are still willing to re? sume their rightful position, and nc persecution of the radicals will bc able to drive them from their posi? tion of dignified submission to their inevitable position. Let our people watch and wait, these dark days will soon pass over. Santa Ann?. We published, yesterday, a para graph respecting the relations of this General towards Maximilian whei that Prince was about to found ar empire in Mexico. It was then statei that he was enthusiastically in favoi of the establishment of the empire To-day, our Northern exchange.* bring tis the intelligence that the General has arrived in this countn by steamer from St. Thomas. Hi: arrival was quite unexpected. It ii understood that the object of tin General in visiting the United Statei is to unite his efforts with those o the Liberal party of Mexico in ox pelling Maximilian from that conn try, and that in a few days he wil issue a manifesto to the public, ex plaining his previous conduct in re latiou to Mexican affairs, and expr?s* ing the objects of his future course. This expiant!* 'on, we think, can b easily made. " the time he was s earnest in behalf of the empire, h said the oniy remedy for the sad coi dition of affairs in Mexico was "th substitution of a constitutional en: pire for that farce called a republic. He then thought that he might attai a high position in tho empire, bi Maximilian distrusted him, and r< jected his fawning proffers to aid bia Hence his present attitude of ho: tility to tho empire. Sueh a man : not to be trusted, and our own op mon is that he is a great humbug. Tlie Fr? <'?lui? M'S Kur<-a.u. We have already noticed therepor of Generals Stecdman and Fullerton in relation to the working of tho 13 reau in Virginia and North Carolin As regards this State, we have tl following despatch from the Ne York Hernhl, dated Washington, 13 instant: "Indications are that South ('ar lina will prove almost as fruitful disclosures concerning the fra?dale operations of the Freedmen's Jiurei as either of the States reported upo Private information received fro that quarter states that Brig, Ge Ely is running live plantations; ti of them, ho states, aro on Govcr ment account, for which a rental $5,000 is paid, without direct antin I ity from tho Government. The oth I three farms, (Jen. Ely claims, a I being worked by the freedmen 1 their own benefit; but it has been i certain ed that Government ratio aro furnished them, (relierai Steo niau was to leave Charleston ou t 13th instant, to open an Invostigati among tho sea islands. Some sta ling facts are expected.*' Let it bo noted that ali the acts the President most loudly compla ed of by tho politicians aro in t direction of leaving power in t hand of the people, where it rightfn belongs. The President says, "y must try the people;" the Rudie say you must not. ^^jrMU o? Mr. Davis. The rumored trial of Jeff. Davis seems to be involved in some carious complications. The special correa-, pondent of th New York 2iew$, under date of the 13th instant, tele? graphs to that paper the following:4 "It is a noteworthy circumstance in connection with the efforts that are now being made to bring Jeffer? son Davis to trial, that the Judiciary Committee, to whom was referred, weeks ago, the question whether any legislation on the part of Congress was necessary in order to bring him to trial, have confined their labors ex? clusively to the collection and exami? nation of testimony to prove the com? plicity of Mr. Davis in the assassina? tion of Lincoln; but have not taken a single Rtep towards bringing him to trial for treason, or toward facilitating such a trial. To judge from their labors, it would seem that they at least have no intention of having Jef? ferson Davis tried for treason. "?Whatever the ground of their ac? tion in this respect may be, it is cer? tain that the recent indictment of Mr. Davis, at Norfolk, was brought about by Judge Underwood, on his own responsibility, and that it has not received thc sanction of tho Go? vernment, or any officer or branch thereof, ns I stated in my last de? spatch. Jefferson Davis was indicted for treason by order of this same Underwood, last stimmen At that time, the Attorney-General directed the over-zealous Underwood to lot the matter drop, and that indictment was quietly withdrawn. "The present indictment is a mere copy of the former one, but it is well known to the Government, and to alt its law officers, that Jefferson Davis' crime, whatever it may be, does not amount to treason, and that, tried in any civil court, a conviction for trea? son cannot be secured. To place Jefferson Davis on trial for treason, is to have it proclaimed that he did not commit treason, and it is a know? ledge of the fact that has hitherto prevented his trial. If he is put on trial under this indictment, it will simply be in order that he may be honorably acquitted. Underwood and such men as Nye, who thirst for the blood of Jefferson Davis, do not see this, but Thaddeus Stevens sees it. and hence his anxiety to get Mr. I Davis tried as au accomplice of the a&sassins. " TITE NEW FIVE CENT COIN.-The Act which has passed the Senate and House of Representatives to author? ize the coinage of five cent pieces, provides "that the new five cent shall be composed of copper and nickel, not exceeding twenty-five per cent, of nickel. This coin is to be a legal tender to the amount of Si, aud redeemed when presented in sums of not loss than $100. It is proposed to make this coin exactly five grammes, or 7716-100 grains in weight. Three of tho coins will weigh one-half of an ounco, and will be convenient in the pocket for a postage weight. The law also prohibits the issue of frac? tional notes less than ten cents after tho,passage of this Act. The color and appearance of this coiu will be similar to thc three cent coin author? ized by Act of March 3, 1865." President Johnson has appointed Col. Walter B. Scales, Collector of Customs for Chicago, to get up the five cont piece, which is soon to bo ? issued. It will cost about ?600,000. There will be, when the coinage is I completed, $3,500,000 in money in j circulation, that being the amount of j postal currency in five cent pieces I that the new coin is intended to sn-! persede. POPULATION OF THE SOUTHERN 1 STATES IN 1860.-Looking cursorily . over the returns, it appears that the | fifteen slaveholding States in I860 contained 12,210,000 inhabitants, of whom 8,039,000 were whites, 251,000 free colored persons, and 3,950,000 were slaves. The actual gain of the whole population in the States from j j ISSI) to 1860 was 2,027,000, equal to ! J 27.33 per cent. The white population of the free States for the same period I numbered 18,926,569, and 237,218 'colored. A special despatch to the Charles? ton Courier, dated Washington, May 16, says: (len. Sickles has reconsidered his declension of tho Hague mission, and will accept it. The Senate will undoubtedly sus? tain tho Colorado veto. A caucus o? Republican Senators having ascer? tained that they cannot muster a I two-thirds vote for the constitutional I amendment proposed by the Renou - Btrnctiou Committee, have postponed further action until next week. tien. Stoneman's report to Gen. Grant blames the negroes as the cause of the Memphis riots. The body of Hon. Preston King, Collector of tito port of New York, has boen recovered at last. It will be remembered that he tied several bags of shot around his waist, and then pimped into the North River. Jtoceigta. Sew?. The steamers City of Paris and the Germania arrived at New York ou the 13th inst., bringing dates from Liverpool to the 3d inst. The wholo ;news by these arrivals is devoted to th? coming war in Europe, and for the information of our readers we make the following extracts. It would appear that all Europe is to be involved in the approaching con? test : Tho intelligence from Germany and Italy continues menacing, and armaments are vigorously pushed forward. The Italian fleet has left Genoa; destination unknown. The depression on the London and Paris Exchanges is unabated. The French rentes fell an additional three-quarters per cent, on the 2d, closing firmer, under a rumor of me? diation by France, England and Russia, The rumor had not been confirmed. A Bombay telegram, of April 2G, reports a panic in the money ?uur kets, and that bills were generally unsaleable. The Bank of England, to-day, ad? vanced its rates of interest to seven per cont. PANIC IN LONDON AND PAMS. -The London Times city article says: A state of panie greater than has been experienced ?it any time during thc past nine years has prevailed in all the markets to-day. A further fall of five per cent, in Italian stock, and of l'? per cent, in French rentes, coupled with another heavy outflow of gold from the Bank of England, which suggests tho early possibility of a movement of the rate of dis? count np to seven per cent., have been the principal causes of the gene? ral confusion and loss of confidence. The. shares of the various tinline* companies have been sold at am price that could be obtained, ami bu siuess has been adjourned till Wed nesday, (the Stock Exchange being closed to-morrow,) under circum stances of intense anxiety. American securities were iuehldei in the general decline. United States five-twenties closet at 68^@68%. On the 1st there were of course n< transactions on the Stock Exchange The drain of gold from the Bunk o England for the Continent continued The discount demand was pretb active, abd in the open market then were very few transactions below si: per cent. FEARFUL PANIC IN PAULS. -About: week ugo, before the Austrian propo sal for a reciprocal disarmament which for a short, time acted os a jae] o' lanthorn, was known. 1 unhesita tingly put upon an article in th Puya, clearly dictated by the Frene, Government, the construction tha war was certain. That idea now pos Besses every mind. The full on th irregular Bourse, of Sunday, which noticed, has been adopted und sui passed to day. The panie is fearful rente fell -more than it hus ovc fallen in any one day since the appr< hension of war prevailed, 1 franc 5< for cash, und 1 fruue 25c. for a? count, closing at 65 francs 65c. an 65 francs 15c. Italian suffered tl tremendous decline of 4 francs 4 Oe the lust quotation b?iug 4:1 fruin 90c. (!) Mobilier fell 26 franc Bredit Foncier 55 francs; Compto d'EsCompte '55 fri mes; the Nor the i Bail way 20 francs; Orleans 10 franc Lyons 43 francs 75c. The only ra: way which did not fall was Souther which rose 7 francs 60o. I fun's Cor. IJOMIOH Times. ATTITUDE OK FRANCE. A speci council of Ministers was held on tl 30th ult., under the presidency of tl Emperor. It is stated that the su ject under discussion was a propos made by Prince Metternich, the Ai trian Ambassador to Paris, that Ai tria and Italy should simultaneous disarm. The Constitutionnel ol the 1st, pu lishes an article showing that slim war break out France will in no w be responsible. France has remain entirely neutral; she has reserved herself complete liberty of acth ?i d will not be drawn iuto v against her will by any occurrej whatever. Owing to the war news, the Bon has been in a state of "confus worse confounded" for a week, w no present signs of am?lior?t] Then' have boen rumors that the ] position would be deferred; but i reported l>y some journalists, of class who are always on intim terms at the Tuilleries, and ki everything the Emperor andEmpi "say in their private apartments, t his Majesty exclaimed, apropos something, or-perhaps even of nc ing: "Well, if there is war, it will of short duration, and will not !n fere with the opening of tho Exp tion next your." --- PERSONA J. Gen. I5. (I. T. Bi regard, accompanied by u i Florenci and .Mr. Sell wart'/.. urn in Baltimore on Sunday morn from New Orleans, and stoppe< Barnum's Hotel, where, througl the day, tin; General was the eei of attraction t<> a very huge nun of citizens. He left last evening New York, en route to Europe negotiate a loan, it is understood, the railroad of which he is the , siding office!. - -,-?*. ? Receipts at the New Orleans ( toni House for the four months, ing May first, were nearly 82,500, Wanhlisftfon Itvmn. Secretary Seward left the city yes? terday evening for New York, and we understand he also purposes visit? ing his house at Auburn. Members have given up the plan of a recess, and some are very hope? ful that the session may be brought to a close by the end of June. The Senate will be willing to adjourn and leave the field to thc President fox the next live or six months, provided thej' can force the passage of a law which will prohibit the President from removing any of his radical op poneuts from office, or appointing any in their places during the recess. They will, if possible, impose some check upon the exercise of his con? stitutional powers. I Thc political movement in favor ol j electing Geu. Grant as the next Pre I sident, has met with wonderful sue I cess. The Republicans of all shade* accept the proposition as the best, i i not only, mode of securing their de sired ends. That is the compromise to be offered to the eleven Southern States. The Republicans are to hav< the Presidency for the next tenn, am the South may have restoration am representation. [Cor. Ballimore Sun, 15th. . A magnificent horse has arrive* here, which was sent by the Mexioai General Carvajal as a present to Gen Grant. Tin? horse is a descendan from pure Arabian stock, and is th samo that C?en. Carvajal rode throng! all Iiis campaigns. Col. Bradley T. Johnson, of Mary land, has been pardoned by tu President. THE RADICALS FRIGHTENED. "Philip," the Washington corret pondent of tho Boston Travelle (Republican) says: The prospect i dark. If Congress adjourns withou doiug anything, it is plain that th President will carry the next House Yet some of the insane extremists i Congress urge a do-nothing policy It is precisely what the Presider wants, and he shows his sagacity i it. He has a policy; so far Congres has not. If he can keep Congress i this attitude before the eouidiry, he : safe. A correspondent of the Bosto Journal writes: There seems to be i Washington general alarm at tl: drift of things, aud some Senate: who have opposed the admissic of Representatives from the Stab lately in rebellion now express then selves ready to vote for men who.' loyalty is unquestioned. Unless th is done, the Democrats will organi: the uext House. JUSTICE AS ADMINISTERED BY TE "BUREAU" AT MEMPHIS.-The Mer phis Argus, of the 10th, cites the fe lowing as an instance of the wi justice is administered in that city 1 a choice spirit of the Bureau: Last Monday, a negro man, pa tinily intoxicated, named Jim Harri entered the house of a citizen i South street, while the family we seated at the table. This uniuvit buck nigger thrust himself iuto a sc by tin; side of the lady of the hom aim in thc presence of the famil committed au act of beastliness t revolting to mention, and from t bare intimation of which hnmani shrinks with loathing aud iudigi tion. A man across the street, traded by the confusion which < sued, rushed over, and instead o more violent act, which any rc would have been at least prompted do, pulled the nigger out of the hoi and gave him something of a tiri bing. Officers Calvey ami Mcllva arrived on the ground some ti after and arrested the wretch. Tu day morning, he was arraigned bef the nigger guardian, Captain Wal for tho offence, which was certai the most heinous conceivable, to short of violence. The white n who interfered was also present, i testified as a witness, and the cha was sustained. And what was action of the scented court? ' nigger was fined ero, and the wi man $20. Ni? wonder the "Bure is scorned by the Southern peoph Hv.i> I CON KILPATRICK.-The! Hampshire Slates and Union i compliments Major-General Ki trick on his protest against the b bardment of Valparaiso by the ? niards. .?Our readers will remember Kilpatrick, who was a Federal cav leader the latter part of the war, afterwards an Abolition disui stump-speaker in New Jersey, his heathenish brutality and bar ism at the South he was appointe A. Lincoln as minister to Chili, a residence ::t Valparaiso. It s< that just before the Spanish 1 bardment of that city on the 31 March, General Kilpatrick bet very tender-hearted, and thong was too bad to destroy a city taiuing "thousands of helpless men and children" who WOlll "driven from their homes to die ? the desert hills," &c. And s< wrote a letter to each of the < foreign ministers at Valparaiso. "A very nice and pious sort fellow is this finished villain, brutal, God-abhorred wretch, traveled from Atlanta to Raleigt a sword in one hand anda tor the other, slaying and burnir that stood in his desolating patl -? ^ ? , In Evansville, Ind., all pe offending against municipal n tioiis, and unable to pay their are to be worked on the stro six cents a day, until fine and aro paid Local Items. . Lovers of turtle soup were disappointed yesterday. It will be served up to-day, at toe ?'Bear Eons*." The Superior Provost Court was en? gaged, yesterday, in investigating tbe case of the shooting of John Brown, (a freed? man,) on Friday night last, by Mr. Oreen, Chief of Police. Many witnesses were ex? amined. The result is not yet known. A protracted meeting was to have com? menced last night, at the Marion Street Methodist Church, but owing to the unfa? vorable weather, it was postponed, "ifs have been requested to state that, weather permitting, there will be service to-night. POSTPONED.-Owing to the very incle? ment weather, yesterday, the trotting match was postponed. It is expected to come off this afternoon. Omnibuses will leave Nickerson's and the Shiver House for the track. THE WEATHER.-Bain, rain, rain, has been the daily programmo for a length of time. Mud walls stand a poor chance, and, in a great many cases, down they come, much to thc chagrin of the unfortu? nate builders. THE BiniNiNO or COIJ;MBIA. An inter? esting account of the "Sack and Destruc? tion of the City of Columbia, S. C.," has just been issued, in pamphlet form, from the Phoenix steam power press. Orders can bo filled to any extent. Single copies 50 cents. BOOK AND Jon PRINTING. -The Phoenix office is now fully supplied with cards, colored and white paper, colored ink, wood type, etc., and is now in condition to exe? cute all manner of book and job printing in the shortest possible time. Give us a call. _ Attention is invited to the advertisement of Madame Butjcs, in another column. This lady had charge of the "Central House." in this city, during the war; and having returned to Charlestou, has opened a first-class house, with an ice cream sa? loon attached. A WOUNDED SOLDIER BOY - GENUINE LIB? ERALITY.-On a recent visit to Charleston, we encountered a former acquaintance, a lad named Edward James Matthews, who, owing to his extreme youth, attracted con? siderable attention at tho Ladies' Way-side Hospital, in this city, about two years ago. It appears that Matthews fa an oraban, and had been takon charge of by Captain McCoy, of Alabama. Wh^n the war broke out, his protector went into Confederate ser. vice, and Matthews-then scarcely twelve years of age-followed. Captain M. .was killed at thc battle of Sharpsburg, we be? lieve. The young soldier continued with his company, until he received a severe wound at the battle of Gaines* Mill, during the ever-memorable "Seven Days' Fight" before Richmond. As soon as he was able to travel, ho was removed to a hospital in Greenville. S. C., and thence to this city. Ho received every attention from our citi? zens, and his wound having healed, he went to Augusta, and endeavored to go to work. Thc wound broke out afresh, and he was advised by surgeons to go to New York, and endeavor to get into a hospital there. Letters from influential geutlemen were given him, to be presented to sur? geons in Gotham; and a small sum of mo? ney being collected for him, the wounded lad commenced his journey. On his arrival in Charleston, his circum? stances were explained to ono of the clerks of the Mills House, when that gentleman, on behalf of Mr. Purcell, invited him to Btop at that hotel, free of expense. Mi Leary, one ?f the proprietors of the "maij steamship" line to New York, was next waited on, and the poor boy's situation being stated, a free passage was granted him in ono of the fine steamers of that line. It is but justice to the agents of thc "People's Line" of steamers to state that they expressed a willingness to give Mat? thews free transportation in their next steamer, but as it was deemed necessary to get bim under surgical attendance as soon as possible, the generous offer of Mr. Leary was accepted. These gentlemen, one and all, in their treatment of this orphaned Confederate, havo carruul out the warning of our Sa? viour in his Sermon on the Mount-"Let not thy left baud know what thy right hand doeth." Wo sincerely hope that the poor boy, through Divine interpositiou, wil'. be restored to perfect health, and be able to show to those persons who have so generously assisted him the just appre? ciation of their kindess and liberality. NEW ADVERTISEMENTS. -Attention is call? ed to the following advertisements, which aro published this morning for the first time: J. L. Lumsden- Wagon, Buggy, Ac. C. Volger-Appointment of Attoruies. James 1'. Carroll-Committee Meeting. Thos. Britton Auction Sale. " " -Proposals for Wood. C. D. Owens -Mixed Corn. Madame T. M. Rutjes-Boarding. Dyspepsia destroys the teeth, unless its effects arc counteracted by that pure vege? table tonic and antiseptic, Sozodont. No bodily disease can impair thom, if this antidote to all corrosive elements t Lat act upon the enamel is regularly applied. THE CROPS. Planters from va? rious portions of the District, with whom we have recently conversed, present a discouraging view of their prospects. Tho late heavy rains havo seriously injured tho wheat, and rust is affecting that cereal. Much of the cotton seed having failed to come up, many have replanted their lands in corn. Corn promises fairly at pre sent. The fruit crop has been sadly dumaged by the late frosts. [Chester Standard.