Newspaper Page Text
RESULTSby In a report to the naval intelligence bureau Lieut* Com. George H. Peters U. S. N. considers the principal for eign navies with a view of noting re cent tendencies of development and ob serves as the most striking feature the marked effort now making by the impor tant maritime powers to increase their naval strength. Never before, except, perhaps, spasmodically during a navai war, has ouch endeavor been more vig orous or more general. In the apportionment of new ton nage abroad the large share set apart for battleships, notwithstanding their great cost, shows that responsible for eign opinion regards them as consti tuting the real fighting strength upon which reliance must be placed to win naval battles. This view was l^eld long before the Spanish armored cruisers were destroyed at Santiago, but it now meets with general acceptance, and the assertion that the building of battle ships is a wasteful use of mon&y and re sources is seldom heard. In France and in Italy, for special reasons, the ar mored cruiser is still held in relatively high esteem, and in the French press the claim has been persistently urged that the battleship will be deprived of its value by tfce submarine boat but The typical features of the battle ship, maximum offensive and defensive power, are not dependent on circum stances, but are ready at all tirne^. Speed varies with conditions of serv ice, and for battleships is regarded as a secondary consideration, although a very important one. The anxiety which the monitors caused Admiral Samp son has impressed anew upon foreign observers the need of strategic mobili ty. Other things being equal, the more efficient of two fleets of battleships will be the one whose slowest ship is faster than the slowest ship of the enemy. The aim abroad now is to hava the battle fleet composed of ships hav ing great offensive power and the best protection obtainable, with a minimum speed of not less than 15 knots. White some of the Units may be capable of 18 knots, there should be none which cannot be depended on for tactical evo lutions at 15 knots speed. To attain this, obsolete vessels must be replaced or modernized in accordance with the latest developments in engineering. Warships That Foreign Nations Are Building Europe Is Profiting by the Lessons Taught by the American-Spanish War of the many lesson® taught the naval battles of the American war with Spain are showing themselves in the types of vessels which are being constructed, or for which appropriations are asked, for the navies of Europe. following this comes a recent request by the minister of marine for authority to lay down additional battleships for the French navy. As battleships are intended to have the greatest possible fire energy, with the best protection attainable, their gun fire must be the maximum which their displacement will permit and the latest foreign expert opinion is practically unanimous that their armor must not only protect the wa ter line and the gun positions, but that the hull and the personnel must be ef fectively sheltered. Next in importance to the battleship is the armored cruiser, which forms a prominent feature of the latest for eign shipbuilding programmes. Ves sels of this type have primarily higli speed and great coal endurance they are usually of large size and are given as much protection and as intense fire energy as practicable, but these quali ties are secondary. While they may be used to supplement the fleet of battle ships if necessary in maintaining com mand of the sea at strategic points, and are most useful adjuncts of such a fleet, it is held by many foreign writers that they have also a distinct field of operations. While these operations will not be decisive in their results in a war between great naval powers, yet the sudden opportune arrival of an ar mored cruiser, or of several of them, at well-chosen points, may have a great influence on the war. Their size, speed and armament enable them to engage successfully any except battleships. They are regarded as the most effective type for carrying on a cruiser war of depredation. It was formerly held by some writers that armored cruisers would prove su perior to battleships, owing to their greater speed, but since the close of the war with Spain such claims are seldom heard. It is worthy of note, however, that with the effort to give increased speed to battleships and better protection to armored cruisers these two types tend to approximate. TYPE OP ENGLAND'S NEW TORPEDO BOAT DESTROYERS. H. M. 8. "Viper." Length, 210 Feet Beam, 21 Feet Displacement, 250 Tons Indi cated Horse Powe About 11,000. Armorad coast defense vessels ap pear to be practically ignored in pres ent foreign programmes for the in crease of modern fleets. There are two reasons for this, the first being the general belief that naval force will be mainly employed in sea contests rather than in merely defending home shores against attacks by an enemy. The sec ond reason for not building pew ar mored coast-defense vessels is that in the European navies it is felt that they already have a sufficient number of ves sels of this type, and that future needs will be supplied by taking from the active armored fleet the older vessels as these are replaced from time to time by others of later type. In the British navy, in pursuance of this plan, the obsolete ships formerly stationed in home waters as coast-guard and port guard ships have been succeeded by vessels which, though old, are still ef ficient. In Germany the same end is attained by the rule assigning a defi nite length of service—25 years—to a battleship as such, upon the expiration of which she must be replaced by a new «hip and transferred to the list of coast-defense ships. The monitor type is regarded abroad as having beefi thor oughly discredited by the experience of the war. The need of making liberal provision for the building of cruisers is fully rec ognized abroad, and .this has simply been emphasized by the recent war. Their essential qualities are speed,* coal endurance and means of coaling rapidly with these characteristics their usefulness will be so great that no admiral will be likely to feel that he has enough of them. It is generally accepted that this is as true of cruisers to-day as it was of fast frigates in the days of Nelson. Whatever method of scouting or of search be adopted, the finding of a fleet at sea must always re main a very difficult problem, in view of the obstacles of limited horizon, un favorable weather, fog and darkness. Very small cruisers and light draught gunboats continue to be pro vided, their number and varying quali ties depending upon the special needs of the different navies for cruising or for minor shoal-water operations. With regard to torpedo boats and de stroyers, foreign naval opinion is prac tically unanimous that the war has thrown no new light on the question of their value when used for the purposes for which they are intended. Navies which held them in high esteem before still continue to do so. Their vulnera bility has long been recognized, as has the fact that they are peculiarly a weapon of opportunity, requiring for their successful use favorable condi tions which may or may not be present at a given time and place. Their use fulness in the training of young offi cers is universally conceded. Organ ized as instructional flotillas or as part of the mobile defense of ports, ex ercises with them are continuous and systematic and aro not confined to the period of the annual maneuvers. Tor pedo boat destroyers, simply larger torpedo boats with increased guu armament and better sea-going quali ties, are coming more and more into favor as the best type. In Germany it has been decided to build no more small torpedo boats. New ones are to be of the destroyer class, and will be aa large as the former division boats. Foreign torpedo officers believe that while torpedo boats are an accessory upon which dependence cannot always be placed, yet their presence will have great moral effect, and that they are capable of very effective work. In for eign squadron maneuvers night at tacks by torpedo boats have very fre quently been judged to be successful, and it is urged that prior to the late war the number and tonnage of vessels sunk by torpedoes exceeded those de stroyed by gun flre. Submarine boats have not received much attention abroad of late, except in France, where a number of them of new.type have been Authorized. White it has notr yet received em bodiment to any extent in new con struction, foreign cpmment shows a clear apprehension of the need of a sufficient number of vessels for supply and auxiliary service, having the speed and other qualities requisite for effi ciency. These are seen to include col liers fitted to give coal rapidly at sea, distilling ships to replenish fresh water for boilers, repair ships to obviate withdrawal for any except large re pairs, ammunition vessels to make good the enormous expenditure of the rapid-fire guns, provision ships with re frigerating plants, telegraph cable steamers, fitted also for laying ont sub marine mines and for countermining operations, powerful tugs with mine laying as well as wrecking facilities, and hospital ships. Settlna a Nelghkor Right. "Was that your dog that was howling all night?" "I guess it was." "Why in thunder don't yon feed him?" "Heavens, man, it's indigestion that makes him howl!"—Cleveland Plain Dealer. A Base Deception. Criminal Lawyer—I was deceived in regard to that man whom I defended on a charge of embezzling half a mil lion. Friend—You found he was guiltyT Lawyer—No, confound it! He was innocent, and didn't havi a cent to par me.—N. Y. Journal. MUCH TIME WASTED. New Congressmen Do Considerable Unnecessary Running Around. Don't Know When to Look for In formation—Professional Private Secretaries Indespensable to Snccesa. [Special Washington Letter.] THERE is room for a new line of business in this city," says Congressman Brund idge, of Arkansas. "Any good and ef ficient man ought'to make at least a hundred -dollars a week at it, and an industrious man of capability might make even double that amount. "When I first came here I received letters from my constituents asking me to see this, that and the other member of the cabinet for them. For example, a prominent political friend of mine would want a commission in the. army for his son. I would go to the office pf the secretary of war, and find other senators and representa tives ahead of me. I would wait an hour or more for my turn, and finally go away without having a chance to talk to the secretary. Then I would be obliged to go again and again. In asmuch as I had to see other members of the cabinet on other missions for my people, I found it to be practically impossible for me to get around and attend to congressional business at the capital. "Finally a young man came to me for employment. He had letters showing that he had been private sec retary to Senator Blackburn, of Ken tucky, for 12 years. I told him that I had brought a private secretary here with me from my district, and that I could not employ him. But I told him that I could occasionally give him some letters to write for me. On the very first occasion, while I was dictating letters to the young man, I stated to one of my constituents that I had been five times to see the sec retary of war about his matter, that I had been disappointed every time but promised to continue to do my best. "The young man suggested that I let him look the matter up for me, telling me that I need not see the sec retary of war at all but that a cer tain obscure chief of division would know all about it. I gave him that letter and a number of others, and he did in half a day what I had been trying to do for -more than a week. The difference was that the young man knew' by experience what to do, and I lacked the experience, and hence was blundering along. "I learned that the members of the Cabinet, when called on for informa tion on various subjects, send for their subordinates and get the in formation from them. I learned that it is easier for a private secretary who is familiar with the executive depart ments to go directly to the obscure men who actually handle the official papers, and it saves so much time.' "Any good man of well-established reputation might get to be private secretary to four or more congress men and attend to all of their depart mental business, and receive from each congressman the sum of $100 per month, which every congressman is allowed for r„ private secretary, there by making a good income, and doing the congressmen and their constitu ents a great deal of good. There is room here in Washington for the busi ness of a professional private secre tary" This is a new idea of a new con gressman, but it is not a new idea to the writer. The trouble is that every congressman feels that he must bring some man here as his private secre tary, some man who has rendered and can render political service at home. All of the congressmen entertain this idea, and hence they bring men here Vi WAITING FOR AN INTERVIEW. Who know no more of the executive departments than they do, and hence their political private secretaries are of little vplue to them in the line of their actual work. One of the best secretaries the writ er has known in many years was Frank Flenniken, who was with Sen ator Plumb, of Kansas, for many years, and remained with him until the death of that great congressional worker. The amount of work which Senator Plumb did, with Flenniken's aid, was regarded as phenomenal by his colleagues. The writer once had an opportunity to ascertain some thing of Plumb's enormous depart mental business and if might be in teresting to narrate it here: One day in May, 1890, Senator Plumb asked me to take lunch with him, in the senate restaurant, saying that he wanted to have a business talk with me. "I am going to Mon tana, and may be farther west, to be gone several months," said he "and Frank is going home to look after business at Emporia. Now that con gress is not in session, and your news paper business is not so pressing, it has occurred to me that Frank night send all letters to you, and you could attend to my departmental business. It would be a great favor to me, and I will pay you well for it." The senator was one of the best of friends, and his proposition was ac cepted. Two weeks later I received from Emporia one large envelope con taining about 50 letters asking for in formation of all sorts. From that time on, for*about, d*eniontbs,eTsry mornihg's mall brought big batches-of letters sometimes as many as a hun dred. I sorted all those letters. May be ten of them would be about post office appointments, ten more 'about pensions, ten more about patents, or land oflce matters, and others re ferring to the other executive depart ments, I would first go to the post office department and get informa tion concerning the post office mak ing shorthand notes on each letter. Then I would go to the pension office, and attend to all of the pension cases befor^ leaving that place. And so on, every!day the various departments would be visited systematically, and the work of every day was cleared up before bedtime. It became necessary to hire a stenographer, finally, and take him about the departments, where the letters would be dictated until noon, or one o'clock. Then I would send the: stenographer off to transcribe tbe letters on a type writer, while I would continue in the departments until every letter had re ceived attention. Finally, I would write a lot of letters myself, and dic tate others, until the work of the day had been completed. For example, on the 1st of June, I would write the letters, dating'them "Emporia, Kan., June 4." They were mailed to Flenniken, reached him in three days, and, on* June 4, at Emporia, he would sign Senator Plumb's name and mail the letters to the constitu ents. Each man thus presumably re ceived a letter from the senator al- M'KINLEY SEEKING INFORMATION. though the senator was more than 2,000 miles distant from Washington, and about 1,000 miles distant from Emporia. But the business was going on, although he was absent. Good ,business men having large interests to look after cannot do everything with their own hands. They can select their assistants, and supervise and that was what Senator Plumbs did, and his con stituents all believed in him and loved him, because all of their business re ceived his attention promptly. It was not necessary to explain to them what methods he employed to accomplish the result, nor how much it cost him. This brief story would not be com plete without saying that the dear old senator did by me as he did) by all others. He paid me liberally much more than I had expected or desired, Now, to illustrate what Congress man Brundidge has found out. I never went to the postmaster general, nor to the first assistant postmaster general, nor to any chief clerk, for in formation concerning Plumb's post office business. I knew that Dr. Brum baugh was the clerk in charge of Kan sas postal affairs, and I went directly to his desk every day and secured the information without delay.' By the way, George Fenton was the clerk in charge of the Ohio post offices. Often have I seen Congressman Wil liam McKinley sitting by the desk of that subordinate and obscure clerk, getting information concerning the post office appointments in his district. Congressmen did not have private sec retaries paid for by the government in those days, and William McKinley did his own department work. Poor Fen ton is dead now. If he had lived Mc Kinley would have done well by him, for he was a splendid clerk and did lots of things for McKinley, because he liked him things which were not necessary f|r him.to do, and which the Ohio congressman highly appreciated. Now you see how the departments are arranged. The members of the cabinet know very little about the de tails of their departments, and. when they are called upon for information, they send for the quiet plodders in the civil service. In the navy they call the men who do the actual work, "the men behind the*guns." These clerics who carry on the real work might well be palled the men behind the scenes for they are they who handle all official papers, while the higher officials di rect the general policies of their de partments. Not one letter out of 10, 000 addressed! to the postmaster gen eral is ever seen by him. The same may be said substantially of all other cabinet officials. The suggestion of Congressman Brundidge that there should be a pro fessional private secretary in Washing ton is a very good one but it will be many a day before it is carried out, be cause the politicians at the homes of the statesmen will it otherwise and few congressmen realize what an ad vantage .a professional private secre tary would be to them and to their constituents. SMITH D. FRY. Australian Oysters. The Journal of the Society of Arts says that Australian oysters are cheap and plentiful, being retailed in Sydney at from sixpence to one shilling per plate or bottle. The consumption is enormous, and lasts throughout the year. The whole of the New South Wales coast is admirably adapted for oyster culture. Unlike the coasts of Great Britain and even America,'where the temperature during the summer months is frequently sufficient to pre vent the sheding of spat, and generally to limit its quantity, the spat of New South Wales is distributed in unlimited profusion. Mr. Coghlan, the New South Wales government statistician, says the establishment of "pares" like those which may be seen along the coasts of France and Belgium, where oyster culture is conducted on scien tific principles, would be remunerative. It is said that the equipment for a Syd ney harbor picnic would he considered incomplete without the 0f de taching oysters from the rocks, on which they are found in myriads. What Th«y Eat. 3' 11. Bell,, state analytical clerk* presents a schedule of the figure* paid for various items of clothing and provisions by. the eleven penal and charitable institutions of the state. The compilation of this information was provided for by the last »legisla- The table completed by Mr. Bety covers the quarter ending Jan. 31V 1900. In the one item of coffee there is the highest range between the maximum and minimum price paid. St. Peter hospital purchased 5,481 pounds at 11 cen|s, while the Soldiers' Home paid 18 cents for a lar^e quantity. Of course, coffee is one of the principal items of rations with old soldiers, and it is- not surpris ing that a superior quality should be provided for them. The state training school, at Red Wing, pays a little over cents a pound. The Rochester asy lum, however secures its coffee for less money than any other institution, paying at the institution 8y£ cents per pound. Butter of a very good quality is served at all the institu tions, ranging in price from 14 to 25 cents' per pound. The state, for in stance, uses two grades of butter, creamery and dairy, taking bottom and top prices. During three months the state pris on used 3,101 pounds of butter, cost ing $520.03. The St. Peter hospital, however, holds the butter record for the same period at 8,782 pounds, cost ing the state $1,831.23. In three months the insane at St. Ppter drank 10,279 gallons of milk, while the young men at the St. Cloud reformatory consumed but 1,328 gal lons. Milk costs the state an average of 10 cents per gallon. Short Married Bliss. One .day of married life was enough fdr John E. Scott, according to the story told in the Ramsey county dis trict court, to Judge Jaggard, by Mrs. Laura Scott, in her action for a di vorce. According to Mrs. Scott, who is 19 years old, she was married to John E. Scott, Nov. 18, 1899, by Rev. A. B. Mel drum, without the knowledge of her parents. Her maiden name was Laura Cronquist. For 24 hours the couple were to gether, and then Mrs. Scott went to the home of her parents, and Scott promised to follow and explain mat ters. When he did appear a week lat er, she alleged he was intoxicated, and did not stay. Then, Mrs. Scott claimed, he relaxed into evil habits. The court ordered findings for the plaintiff, and Mrs. Scott was given permission to resume her maiden name. Climate and Crop Bulletin. The U. S. Department of Agricul ture, Minnesota section, reports that north of the vicinity of the Minnesota river the soil is generally in excellent condition in the prairie regions in the timber regions, on clay lands and in low places, the soil is still rather damp. In the southern part of the state the snows of March 25 anil 29 were much heavier than farther north, and in con sequence the soil is wet, and in south eastern counties it is very wet. In the Red River valley and on favorable lands in central portions seeding began on the 2d, becoming general on the 5th and 6th. In south central counties seeding has had only a beginning, while in southeastern counties it has not begun. A few oats have been sown. The condition of winter wheat, winter rye and clover can yet hardly be determined. After a Fire Bng. A mass meeting was held at Monti cello to discuss the supposed incen diary origin of the fire which de stroyed the meat market of John Khort, when the family narrowly es caped death by leaping from the win dows in the second story, the fire hav ing cut off escape by way of the stairs. Mrs. Khort was severely injured. One of her legs was broken and she sus tained Other injuries. It was resolved to extend public aid in re-establishing Khort's business, he being a poor man, and also if possible to detect the fire bug. Burned to Death. Mrs. Ludlam, wife of Rev. R. L. Lud lam, a minister of Clinton Falls, was burned to death near Owatonna. Mr. Ludlam was working in a field about forty rods away when he saw his wife come out on the porch. A few seconds later she ran toward him, but after taking a few steps she tumbled and he then noticed her clothing was on fire. When he reached the scene his wife was unconscious, although her clothing still burned. Mrs. Ludlam never regained consciousness. Forgot His English. Last winter Edward Berg was shot in the head by a companion while hunting out near Nary, on the Duluth line. He was taken to the Brainerd hospital and the bullet and a small portion of the brain was removed. He has been discharged as cured and now finds, that although he could before the accident talk English fluently, he has entirely lost all knowledge of the language and must learn it all over again. News In Brief. The electric light station belonging to the Pipestone Electric Company burned. Origin of the fire is un known. Loss on building and ma chinery, about $3,000 insurance, $2, 000. At the board of trade meeting, Man kato's quota of $500 for the survey of the north and south roads was pledged by business men. The issuance of $200,000 in certif icates of indebtedness to raise funds for the prosecution of work on the state capitol, was authorized by the commission recently. The directors of the Rochester Wool en Manufacturing Company have ef fected their permanent organization. The officers are: President, John A. Cole vice president, Job T. Collen secretary, C. F. Massey treasurer, W, H. Knapp general manager, H. K. Terry. The electrict light plant at Pipe stone was partially destroyed by fire It is insured for two-thirds its value Sergt. Franklin, of the Minneapolis recruiting office, has received a tele gram from Washington instructing him to make a special effort to enlist men for service in the Philippines. WILLING TO ACCEPT Secretary Loss Talked Of as a Re publican Candidate for the Vice Presidency* Washington, April 16.—Referring to the use of his name in connection with the vice presidential nomination, Sec retary Long is understood to have in formed a number of his friends that if thei nomination were tendered to him he would accept it. He told them that the honor was of such a charac ter that no man could well refuse to accept it. and expressed his high ap preciation of the compliment implied in the manner in which his name has already been brought forward in that connection. Secretary Long's implied willingness to accept the republican nomination for the vice presidency, as inferred from the statements made by him on that subject Saturday, is a. matter of general comment*in Washington. It has set the republican slate makers to thinking, and for the time being has seriously upset the calculations of those who believed that the honor wOuld go to one of a half dozen others mentioned for the vice presidency. Secretary Long was called on by a number of persons during the day, and was importuned for an exact state ment of his attitude on the question. He seemed disinclined to enter into any general discussion of the matter, how ever, preferring to let it rest with what he has already said on the subject, be lieving that the vice presidency'is an honor of such a character that no man could well refuse to accept it. The sec retary, however, is not an avowed can didate seeking the place, but the belief is general that- if the nomination is of fered to him he will accept. COLE PLEADS GUILTY. Former President of Globe National of Boston to Go to Prison—Sen tence Not Yet Pronounced. Boston, April 16.—Charles H. Cole, former president of the Globe national bank, under indictment for embezzle ment and misapplication of the funds of the bank, pleaded guilty Saturday in the United States district court. Sentence will be pronounced later. On motion of District Attorney Boyd D. Jones, Cole's bail was increased from $50,000 to $75,000. The specific counts of the indictment to which Cole plead ed guilty are three, to which excep tions had been taken. The exceptions were overruled by. the district court and the United States court of ap peals. [There are 25 counts in the Indictments found against Cole, alleging the embezzle ment and misapplication of funds of the bank aggregating $900,000. Of the three counts to which he pleaded guilty to-day the fifth alleges the misapplication on June 3, 1899, of $20,000 the sixteenth al leges false entry July 14, 1899, of $111,563.82 in the account of demand loans the nineteenth alleges false entry On August 17, 1899, of $126,401 to the account of bonds and stocks in paying teller's books. Cole's arrest last January followed the closing of the Globe national bank by order of the comptroller of the currency in De cember. Cole resigned as president of the bank in .November by request of the directors. After leaving the bank he went to California with his family. When Cole resigned, on demand of the direct ors, he assumed personally loans aggre gating a large sum, which he had made as president of the bank. In examining the accounts of thie bank after it had been closed Receiver Wing discovered evidences of methods which fed him to take action toward bringing about the arrest of the former president. Secret service agents located Cole in Los An geles, Cal. At the proper time Cole was made, acquainted with the situation and expressed a willingness to' return to Bos ton and face any charges which might be made against him.] OHIO LEGISLATURE. The Body Is Ready for Final Adjourn ment—Little Hope for Centen nlal Appropriation. Columbus, O., April 16.—The legisla ture adjourns sine die at noon to-day. The past week has been a perfect orgie of legislation, all records having been broken in number of laws enacted. None of the anti-trust bills have be come laws. The Price bill, requiring all domestic and foreign corporations to make annual reports to the secre tary of state passed the house, but the senate has not acted upon it. A final effort will be made to break the dead lock on the appropriation for the Ohio centennial, but there is little hope that it will succeed. Columbus, O., April 16.—Two bills of interest to labor were made laws by the action of the senate Saturday night. One of them provides that eight hours shall constitute a day's work for all men employed on public works of the state. The other requires that all workingmen shall bie given two hours' respite from their labor on elec tion days. Steal the Poor Box. Whiting, Ind., April 16.—The Cath olic church was entered and a daring robbery was attempted, but was frus trated through the intervention of the pastor, Rev. Charles Thiele, who had his suspicions aroused the previous evening by the extraordinary devotion of some strangers who attended tha Holy week services. They succeeded only in capturing the poor box, and 3 many valuable vessels and vestments were exposed at this time Father Thiele considers himself fortunate. JOSH BILLINGS' PHILOSOPHY. The man who told us "that virtew Iz its own reward," might have added that vice waz. too. The man who fully understands a subjekt iz allwuss satisfied to use the simplest terms to explain it. The man who tells yu that there isn't an honest person living, has studdyed biz own karacter too well. If yu expekt to keep yure friend, you hav got to see all his virtews with both eyes, and hi* failings with one. It would be a good trade if we could banish about one-haff the learning out ov the world, and substitute com mon sense in the place ov it. It iz a grate deal eazier to be sassy than to be sarkastik but thare iz menny kriticks who haven't diskov ered the difference yet, and probably ,never will. The world hav allwuss longed for sensashuns. If a man could invent a new Punch and Judy, he would be ad mired more than the one who could anake one. barrell 'or flour go as far as two. THE NATIONAL PARK. A Resolution has been Introduced In Cos* gressaad the Tline IsOpportnnefo* Vigorous Work. The national park movement in this state has now reached a point, where the promoters deem'the time oppor» tune for the introduction of legisla tion in congress, and last week a reso lution was presented in the house by Congressman Tawney, who has fa^orejd the movement from the first. This resolution' calls for the ap* pointment of a commission of 14, equally from both houses of congress, who shall investigate, adjust all mat ters pertaining to the question, and present a bill to effectuate the park at the next session. Those who are interested say that now is the time for the greatest effort by the people of the state personally with their delegation in congress, "to impress them with the fact that the people of this state have become thor oughly alive to the merit of the ques tion and want this remarkable region, saved." A striking illustration of the finan cial importance of such regions to the state having them is the annual re port of Commissioner L. H. Carroll, of the bureau of labor, of New Hamp shire, for the season of 1899, in the White Mountains. A brief summary of figures are interesting in this con nection. He says: Total number of guests for the season...'. 174,280 Total- number of employes 12,354 Tptal wages paid $539,901.00 Number of towns taking guests 204 Number of farm houses taking guests 1,621 Increase in number of guests over 1898....'.... 8,093 Increase in cash receipts over 1898 $402,341.00 Total cash received at boarding houses, etc... 4,947,935.00 Cash received in railway fares (estimate) 600,000.00 Cash received from stage fares... 63,275.50 Cash received from steam boat fares 60,369.21 Cash invested in summer property fo* the season. 937,785.00 Total volume of sum mer business for 1899 $6,609,364.71 In the body of hip report he calls attention to the vast importance to the state pf this great income to the state from tourists visiting the White mountains, and says it has solved the problem of farming in his state, giv ing a market for all their products in gardening, dairying, poultry raising. "We may add," says a Minneapolis man, interested in the matter, "that the establishment of a great park and forest reserve in northern Minnesota will do the same for that part of our state where "farmers cannot now be induced to touch the land." Mr. Carroll goes on to earnestly ad vocate forest preservation through the mountains, such as that now cart ried on in the Adirondacks for park purposes, as he says, "to the lasting benefit for future generations and the best material interests of the com monwealth." With a fixed policy of forest preservation carried out he foresees rapid continual increase in summer business from $15,000,000 to $20,000,000 annually. Their forests have almost all been cut off for generations. The Minnesota national park region surpasses the White mountains beyond comparison in beauty, in possibilities for diversified enjoy ment, and for health purposes. It is accessible to unlimited millions of people, and the financial value that will result to this state by its preser vation, in view of the figures given above, is beyond estimate, and not simply to a part of the state, but to the entire commonwealth, for the tourist must travel through the state in all directions, and will stop at the hotels, visit the various other points of interest and summer resort regions which this state possesses in un equaled number and beauty. *-irst Recognition of the Deity. The word "God" never appeared in any government act until the year 1864, when, at the suggestion of the director of the mint, ex-Gov. Pollock, of Penn sylvania, "In God We Trust" was stamped on the copper two-cent piece. Before that time "E Pluribus Unum" had been the motto. Strange to re late, "E Pluribus Unum" on coins never was authorized by law. Eminently a Christian Dally. Editor Sheldon says he will retain the working force of the Topeka Capital while he is at the helm. This decision, says the Kansas City Times, of course, means that the services of the circula tion swearer will not be dispensed with. a Happened In Kansas. A dehorned bull, we are told, gored a man to death the other day. The Chicago Tribune says that it hap pened, however, in Kansas. Harrowing. The St. Louis Post-Dispatch is au thority for the statement that the Boer plowman is making his furrows with shells this year. FASHIONS FOR MEN. Three-quarter hose are rapidly growing in favor with dressy men who are out of doors considerably. In ordering your negligee Shirts have the cuffs made narrow and with well-rounded points—a 2^-ihcb cuff. The high-band turndown collar is selling so well now that'many retail ers look upon it as betyg jikely to supplant all other shapes $QP, business wear. Preference for the stripea in the fancy shirt, running up or down or across the bosom, if weighed in the scales, would just now be heaviest on the side that indicates the stripea running up and down. The derby tie (four-in-hand) will be one of the most popular—if not the popular—shape for early spring neck wear. The swell dressers prefer the narrow shape, with short-length ends. This is tied into a hard small knot. It iajright for either the standing col lar or the high-band turndown shape. —Chicago Apparel Gasette. Troubles are like babies they grow larger by nursing: A LITTLE NONSENSE. Lo^e that has nothing but beauty to keep it healthy is apttoJiave I ague fits. —Chicago Daily News. Dobbs—"Did you see about that bag-! gageman who- olaima^to have discov ered assure cure for mflneuza?" Bobba —"He oughtto know.how to check the grip*"-—Baltimore American. "When, thjrough her own careless ness, discovered thSt she wore hair, I lost all love for her," said Han- by. Alas! He was hot the first man wrecked1 by a misplaced switch.—Phila delphia North Americans Police Magistrate—"What do you mean by saying the defendant's own words carried weight with them?" Plaintiff—T mean, your honor, that he swore at me and then hit me With a brick."—-Ohio State JourhaL Colonel—"Is this the way, suji, that you treat youah guests, sub?" Hotel Proprietor—"Whai'a the matter?" Colonel-r-MWhyi I just learned-, suh, that the bar here' opens at six o'clock, and youah port ah nevah woke me up fill half-past seven."—Syracuse Herald. 'It was very kind of that naval offi cer to bring you this parrot," said Maud. "Yes," answered Mamie. "But the bird is. so profane!" "Shocking!" "And that isn't the worst of it. It doesn't speak English, and I've got to hire an interpreter in order to under stand him."—Washington Star. STATE PENSIONS FOR AGED. English Workmen Are Entitled to Assistance When Disabled l»y Years. The spread of educated socialism in Great Britain is also a factor in fos tering their feeling of industrial self respect. It is inculcating a higher conception of-the dignity and rights of workers in a complex community dependent entirely upon labor the es sential elements of existence. These ideas are germinating "a large and liberal discontent" at the unequal fortunes and fate of labor and capital in the industrial partnership of so ciety, and before the growth and spread of this new spirit the work house and other objectionable fea tures of the existing poor law system are menaced with a radical and funda mental change, if not witii a com plete abolition. The popular demand for state pen sions for the aged and deserving poor is based upon other grounds as rea sonable and sound as the argument against the injustice of the poorhouse and its callous stigma of pauperism. This demand asks for justice, as a substitute for charity, at the hands of a ruling capitalistic class. It is claimed that wages, even at trades union rates, are regulated more by the struggle for existence among competing workers than by any standard of fairness in the measure ment of labor's share in the joint pro duction of wealth. This contention is sustained in its foitoe by the known enormous wealth of the English cap italistic class, on the one hand, and, on the other, by the attested fact that one of every four or five workers at the age of 65 has nothing to look to in his helpless years but the poor house or outdoor relief. Statistics confirm the truth of this contention. Taking capital, land, and superin tendence as the three capitalistic agencies for exploiting the energies of labor in the. creation of wealth, their share Of the annual aggregate value of this production is computed at two-third's of the whole, leaving one-third as the portion awarded in wages to the entire laboring class. Making every allowance for probable inaccuracy of estimate and calcula tion in this general statement, there can be no denial of an equivalent con tention which leads to the same con clusion namely, that there is no country in the world in which the two extremities of wealth and pover ty are more objective in their exist ence than England. This, then, is one other ground upon which the ad vocates of state pensions for aged workers rest their case.—Forum. THE STREET-CAR CONDUCTOR. He Frequently Has to Pay Fare for Passengers Who Have No Money. "Do we ever pay fare for people?" said a sitreet-car conductor, in reply to the question of a reporter who had scraped acquaintance through fre quent trips over the line. "Well, I should say we do. I have -a lot of steady customers on this run who ride with me as regularly as the clock, and it's no uncommon thing for one of them to get on without any money. In such a case I put up the nickel myself, as a matter of course, and collect it next day. But there are plenty of others where I have to take chances, or else seem brutal, and sometimes it's pretty hard to know what to do. It seems queer, but most of the folks who suddenly discover they haven't the price appear to be people of means, and good many of them tell me they make it a rule never to carry any money except a little small change, Which they are apt to spend without being aware of it. Generally they give me their cards, take my number, and send around a servant with the fare as soon as they get home. I'm sorry to say, however* that some of them are far from being that considerate. 'fL&st fall a very elegantly dressed lady got on the car and found she had noting in her purse. 'Oh, well,' she said,. 'I'll just give you a check,' find in 1 spite of my protests' she pulled out a book of blanks and- a gold foun tain pen and wrote me a check for five cents. Just for the fun of the thing I presented it for'collection, but the teller insisted on my being prop erly identified, and the result wai that I missed my afternoon detail and lost half a day's pay. Another lady, who is very wealthy, gave me her ad dress and made me promise, to call next day. Her house is away out iz the suburbs, and After allowing tne to wait for half an hour in the ball she sent down a servant with. four cop pers and a postage, stamp. Ai in all, though, I have actually lost very lit tle money paying passengers* fares. It wouldn't amount to half a doilai in the last two years, and during that time I've certainly made good for sev* eral hundred people."—N. 0. Tioisfc Democratk