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" ' Ijl ' " ' Mwn f i . j VOL. II. , 4JNUA.VJLLLE,,TENNM W BAY. DECEMBER 13, 1871. NO. 37. TENNESSEE. -ft ror s Chattanooga. NO. XUX, Chattanooga la tho county slto of Ham ilton county, and la ono. of tho moat Im portant points in the 'State. It la Impor tant as a railroad centro and also ax posses sing superior advantages aa a manufactur ing city. Nothing can prevent it becom ing ouu of tho moat Important cities In tho South. Few placos In tho South have mado such rapid strides on tho highway of progress and improvement sinco tho war as Chattanooga. . ' A special correspondent of tho Now York Tribune haa recently visited that place, and lias furnished somo points of Interest which wo propose to glvo in tho present number of our series, and which cannot but prove interesting to those de siring to emigrato to East Tennessee. Ho says : This section is" not ono for a drono ; tho soil gives forth Its product only to careful Industry, tho rivers arc not largely stocked with llsh, or tho woods with game ; but all around are thoso elements which mako a nation great by tho exercise of musclo and brain. Within tho very limits of tho city .runs tho great belt of fpsslllferous iron ore; standing on a hill' within those limits, ono can for miles view tho point of outrcrop'.of InexluutsHblo and easily worked veins of coal. On two sides it is bounded by a river which pierces far up into a section containing ugricul-' tural and mineral wealth - unequal-, cd by any, tciflilvaltfat portion of country In tho world; ono arm shoots far eastward Into tho geological formation of North Carolina, with tho ores of copper and iron peculiar thereto; another touches tho very edge of tho Kentucky blue grass lands, and lies within view of vast-ledges seamed in a dozen places with every char acter of coal, capped by that wonderful vein of fossihforous iron ore which runs from tho Hudson to tho Alabama; while in tho center tho main stem pierces far Up among tho grassy hills.aud rich, valleys' of South-western" Virginia, bringing 'down on its waters tho story of tho vast deposits of iron, coal, lead and zinc, along its course ; of tho beautiful variegated marble, which is tho admiration of tho world ; and the less than half-used mineral waters that arc so rich that they struggle to keep their salts In solution. Such is tho country which nature has mado tributary to Chattanooga. "With proper facilities and enterprise all this wealth must como to her and bo distribut ed South, Southwest, "West, and North west. That tho raw material brought hero should bo worked up and thus sent on', Is tile order which nature inteuded.but lack of energy and capital has heretofore mado tho place a station, not a depot. In somo matters, a chango has already come ; two rolling-mills and thrco iron foundries, several wood-working establishments ami car-shops, mako employment for numer ous mechanics ; and, as capital aggregates, 80 tho alto of thoso works at thla place, as well as its superior location, will cause others to bo erected. Tho United States Government wore not slow to recognizo tho valuo of this site, and hero built ono of tho best appointed rail-mills in thi3 coun try, designed and built by Jrltz: and after ward bought by Coopor, Howett & Co. This correspondent then gives somo ob servations in relation to the celebrated Dank rotary puddlers now used by the Roauo Iron Company, which has proven to bo ono of tho most valuablo Inventions of tho age, and says of them : Tho conclusions drawn from observation and what I was told, aro as follows: The Dank rotary puddler is a valuablo inven tion: It may, not mako iron any cheaper, but It 'substitutes brains' for muscle. It saves tho wear and tear of human lifo. It belongs to tho present ago of civilization, tho old system to an ago of bruto force. It enables a puddler to do tho work of at least two hours in one. In it a ball of from GOO' to 1,000 pounds. may bo puddled and, han dled. A. charge of 000 pounds of pig gains about eight per cent., and improves In quality. Tho puddlers got through their day's work about 2 o'clock. It does more" work in tho same amount of time than any ordinary puddling furnace. It does this work just as well or better than the ordinary puddler. It makes a largo ball of uniform quality. It is especially ndapted to working pig-iron from the fossillferous iron ores or other ores making cold-short iron. From theso conclusions, it would seem that it mado iron cheaper than tho old puddling process; it way even now and, when a few Improvements aro made, It '"ti'JV'Voy itstadvantages aro '.these: i JThb oreused as i!fix5'l must' be of 'a "pecu liar character and great purity, and free from slllcia and water; tho fix wears out, and must bo renewed every day by fresh ore; this may not bo a disadvantage, as the bro yields some of its Iron to tho Jball ; tho circular part and back wear away rapidly where tho rotary rubs against them, and aro somewhat costly to renew, as they have to bo cast hollow forpassageof water; tho rotary heads will wear out about once in ten months, while- tho rotary may last indefinitely, There is somewhat, compli cated machinery connected with theso furnaces! ndt'.inqrp,' Towovdri than .with c nny good steam 'engine. Theso disadvantages aro offset by tho facjithat thero aro other ores than thoso of Iron Mountain that can bo used. Casting tho front and back df 'chliled lron or chill ing their face, and casting their heads in two or moro pieces, arq among tho im provements already made, while others will doubtless bo suggested by use. 'i lie Iloano Iron Company's Rail Mill, now use ninoof Dank'a Rotary Puddling Furnaces. They charge Into these An naees 000 pounds of plg-Jrpu and somo soalo-lron, und get out from GOO to 700 ACTSACOBTAST pounds' of Iron, 'welghed'aftcr being, rolled into "Hats." They pay. their .puddlers v in ier tun, eacn lurnisiumr nis Homers. except . an extra man for, the., crane; one 'nrunn ipnrlfd fA.Ji.Vn A ....... mnil. ... mako mor3 money than at $7 GO per tun in tho o)d pnddliiig furnaces, and work fewer hours. After work is over, each puddler ronowa the tlx Injhia furnace. In Cincinnati this 1b done by a separate work man. It takes about two hours to renew tho tlx. Hence, by 4 o'clock tho puddler is Rcnerally at liberty. Tho rest of tho mill consists of two ex tra reheating furnaces, for use In enso a ball from tho puddlors should grow cold ; theso aro used generally for reheating obi rails; one reheating furnace- specially for old rails and scraps; seven for heating and reheating rail piles; then trains of rolls for puddle Hats and old rail Hats, and tho usual rail-trains, cutters and punches. Theso aro driven by four engines, ono of nincty-lnrso power, built in Chattanooga; two Corliss ono ninety and another of 80 horse-power, and ono of CO. all covered by two buildings, ono 280 feet long by 80 wide, tho other 250 feet by 80. Tho mill usually turns out 60 tons of rail per day of ten hours. Mill iron is nsod from Bhelby, Ala.; Dublin, Va., Greene county for bottoms; and their own iron from Rockwood Fur-, naco, for caps of rails, tho two making an Iron rail which has beon proven to havo no superior in tho world. In fact tho pe culiar character of the Rockwood iroa, and tho niodo of puddling, and tho comblna nalions formed im- tho rotary, with tests which havo bSen'mado, lead mo to think that this rail top Is Converted Into a seml stcol'AilIy equal to a great deal of the" Bes semer now In tlm mnrknf Tim mill. 'ploys250 men, and is entirely owned by liMviimwiuuuil, Ul nut llll'lll 1J1UI1 WUU havo mado this place their home, Chattanooga presents other points of intcrestibesido its mills; Leaving out of view tho battle-fields, there' is tho place where tho Tennessee forces its way through mountains, at once picturesque andgrand. It Is called "Tho Suck," and. is ciglit milts from. tho city. In the river banks arc sev eral vein&pf coal. Ou the liooKoutrMoun talu -aroltho Lulu hake audjgtho Falls; 'eighteen "'miles up thcNaihvIllo road is 'tho Nickajack Cave, lessJtTiown but wild to bo far moro beautiful than tho Mammoth Cavo. Then on Lookout there aro several caves of a mile orlnoro in length. In tho city itself rises.Cameron JIHK which af fords an excellent view of .thb surrounding country. Then thero aroother hills, all dotted with residences built in a Northern stylo of comfort aud elegance ; others, too, are rapidly building. -. . , Tho Stolen Pass. An editor in Harrlsburir lost IiIh raws mi the railroad, and requested tho olueers of mo roau to sccuro tne arrest of any man who should present it. Tho next day ho found thopass In tho pocket of his Sunday trowsers, and proceeded to take a trip upon it. As soon as he oll'ered it.to tho, conduc tor, that faithful oillcer knocked him on tho head with his lantern, called in tlireo brakemen and the baggage-master" dragged him, despite his frantic struggles, along tho Moor Into tho baggage car, whero a brakeman sat on him while tho conduc tor battered him up a lot to keep him quiet; and then they searched him to ascertain what other thefts ho had been perpetrat ing, With the exception of a ticket to tho Circus, that man had upon his per3on ab solutely nothing but railroad passes. Ho had passes over all tho main roads and branch lines, and feeders and sidings, in tho Stato of Pennsylvania. Ho had freo tickets over all the railroads In tho Eastern, Southern, Middle and Westerri States; nnd in four of tho Territories Ho had a pass.over a railrpad from Yeddo to "Ypkohoma, and another from Calcutta to Bencal. Ho had n letter nromlslnir him one ou the new road which is proposed in Terra del Fuego, and manuscript pull" wnicu jio had written for a man who had assured him ho should have tv pass over tho road, which the man paid he wnsj'nbout to ruh .under the Medlterraneum from Africa to Italy, as soon as it was built. Tho con ducter concluded that hp had caught tho greatest pass kleptomaniac that tho world oversaw. But when he got back to Har xlsburg tho afl'air was explained. And' now it thoro Is any ono editor in the Stato who is completely sick of "gentlemanly conducters," that editor resides In tho Stato capital. Monroe County Matters'. Tho public sale of tho personal projiorty of James A. Coftln, deceased, camo otrthfs wcok, Thero was a largo crowd in attend ance, notwithstanding the severity of the weather. Mr. Collin left, a largo amount of valuable personalty, and his Irlends had tho gratification of seeing It go on" at good prices. Tho Chancery Court muddlo of Ihia county baa been finally settled by tho re establishment of tho court at Madlsonville, with tbo county In Judgo Key's Division, and the appointment of Mr. S. P. Halo as Clerk and Master thereof. It is estimated that tho legislative interference to remove Judgo Temple's appointee and put in ono of tho right stripe, has cost the Stato about fivo thousand dollars. This is supposed to bean instance of tho retrenchment aud reform pecuHarto (hp party. Thero is an 'eflbrl being mado to estab lish a pew county, composed of parts of Monroe, McMlnn and Polk counties. . ood piinliituicii(v. irgmm mr uiu tiiiu in uHijaimerirnii jmuon Unit. Ovnritnnminn nnrl Qnu t7 doca all wurk iucciiary in neloDiilHtwoll us other sowing machines, bosides pps3Sng at tachments tint no other mach'nSlBofifc Mr. Wilds wishoilo sccuro tho forylcWwfiyulvo local agents throughout the- nb'o'vo torrltofy. to whom liberal inducements will bo otl'ereil. Ad dress, for particular, 31. S. "Wilds, Knosville, 1 ermossej;. Georgia lias a philanthropist whoso con tribution to Chicago relief was "ono hun dred bundles of fodder to tho cow that kicked ovi'i' tlin !nmn tli.if l.,iiM,n,l tl... modem Sodom1" r OUR lyASHimiTOJf LETTKH. Till: NOIJTIIKKX DKMOCItACY IN AI.LI. A NCi: WITH TUB Ullltl.l'X, Tho C'oiintltnllon or the 1'lorliln Knklitx Proofo! lliAAItlnnee Between Democracy mid Knklnz Honin Intcrtfttlnir rneln. (Corrcspondonso Knoxvilfo Chronicle. WashixotoK, D. C, Dec. 4, 1871. Tho investlgatloii recently mado In Flor ida by tho Sub-Congressional Committee, of which Hon. Horace Maynard was chairman, disclosed tho fact that in that Stato tho kuklux organization bos operat ed and been recognized under its proper colors the black fiag of Democracy. Ono of the witnesses examined at Jack sonville, testified that ho had belonged to a "Young 31ens' Democratic Club" in ono of the counties of that State, and that from his connection with It, ho knew it was what was commonly known as kuklux. Ho produced a copy of their constitution and explained its provisions. Ho testified that the division known" as tho Secret Ser vice Committed had a seperato oath which he did not remember, but which, incflect, bound tho affiant to do any duty demand ed. Another witness, the chairman of tho cjub at tho Capital of the State, was asked to examine the constitution, produced as aforesaid, and said that it was tho ono un der which those clubs were organized. Al though in goneral terms ho denied that it was tho kuklux, he admitted that one of tho objects of tho organization was to or der out, and to force out' of the Stato if necessary, "obnoxious persons." Tho club was to decido who was "obnoxious." I havo before mo n copy of the' constitution referred to, and propose to notico n few of its leading features. Section si provides that "tho President ami Vice Presidents and Hxecutlvo Com mittee shall constitute n Committee of Ob servation and Safety, of which tho Presi dent shall bo Chairman." The next sec tion significantly rends "all matters per taining to such service shall bo referred to this Committee of Observation and Safety and (he names and dudes of tbo SccrclScr vice C'owmfYcc'shall be known only to thu said Committee and, their various chiefs. Now let us proceed one stop further in tho examination of tliisromarkable Instru ment. Tho eleventh section says (the italics our own) "each member shall, on admission to this club, subscribe tho fol lowing oa(h ; , , , j. i , ,, "In the presence of Almighty God and these gentlemen, I do, hereby, solemnly pledge my sncreddionor that 1. will con form to all rules and regulations, by-laws and edicts that may be legitimately adopt ed by the organization; that I will always conceal and never divulge any proceedings of this club Improper to be mado publiu ; that.I will always rccognizo und never di vulge tho words or signs of recognition and distress thitt'inay hereafter bo confided to mo ; aud, that should I ever hear the hailiny word of distress or seo tho sign given, I will Instantly respond. In , person ithereto and render all1 thu assistance in my power to tho member speaking tho word, or giving tho sign ; so help mo God." This ODligation shall bo administered by tho presiding ofllccr, who shall previously have explained (he objcc( of tho "Young Men's Democratic Club." The Italics wo havo used will have serv ed to attract the reader'aattentlon to tho significant narts of this. oath. Tho con cluding paragraph of Jtho section itsolf snows mm uie contents oi iuih'cqubiuu tlon does not disclose the "objects" of the organization. Jt Is customary, wc believe, for suoh instruments to bo preceded with a prcamblo, setting forth at the very begin ning to the person being initiated tho 06 jects of tho association. But tho paragraph referred to discloses that in this case tho "object of tho Young Men's Democratic Club" was carefully secreted In tho breast of the "presiding officer." It was too Im portant arid confidential In its features to bo committed to naner it was to bo con fided to tho Initiated only by word of moutii. communicated in tuis way, it would always bo subject to doubts and con tradictions, nothing to which tho organi zation would be committed If the "exfgen .cles" . jdemauded explanation or., .denial. Look again, reader, if you will, at tho sig nificant terpis used in t)io oath. What ne cessity lias, 'ordinary legitimate 'political organizations for a "balling w"6rd(?) of dis- bo pledged by solemn oaths to "always recognize "signs" of "distress" apd prpm ,ise to "respond In person''and' render al1 tho assistance in their '(my) p"ower to thej! member speaking the word or giv ing tho sign"? ..Section six. a before, shown, provided .for" a committed of Observation andjBafe ty," and nAtrthcrsectronthat "'tlfo?ia;;ics and duties of the secret service committee J. c., tho committee of O. and S shall bo known only to tho committeo and their various chiefs." This committee, by Sec tion thirteen, is empowered to " Instruct tho chiefs (of-fiftles) in all (hcj,r didtcs" As theso duties are not otherwise exclu sively defined, this secret servico commit tee) prescribe such "duties',' aa they seo" nrbner. ' Tho subordinates In turn aro hound to obey their " Chiefs of Fifties '" mm "ijeauersot Tens," so mar. in fact, tho " Secret Scrvlco Committee, " Is a sort of council with arbitrary power! 1 It is further mado their duty to " Insti tute signals to preserve tho counsels, pur poses, str.engtlij.and iptegrity.of.tho organ ization; and Bbalrcreatb signs for commu nication and for assembling tens aim fif ties and tho whole organization," Every intelligent reader will judge for himself what need a bona lido, legitimate association has for this "secret service committeo," "signs of distress " "chiefs" and " leaders," aud why it Is necessary to confine within tho breast of tho presiding oillcer ." the objects of tho Young Men's Democratic Club;'' but, wo infer, most of them, from,, these features,, wjll read ily buliovo tho witness who exposed tho organization, that it was nothing moro nor less than the infamous kuklux organization that has perpetrated atrocities upon defenceless and unoffending victims without a parallel in tho history of crime, and disgraced the South by the magnltudo of Its operations and tho period during which It was countenanced or oven, toler ated. But this creation of Democratic states men and philosophers Is remarkable- for certain other features. Tho Bourbons of tho South, who unquestionably either be long to or sympathlzo with this chlvnlrlo? organization, have for years prided them selves upon the obstinate M ar they havo made against negro suffrage and privil eges conferred by tho Civil Rights Bill of Congress. They havo made themselves notorious by their opposition to thesegrcat results of tho wur. They mado it a stand ard of respectability and party fealty. They would not stoop to rccognizo these rights of tho "niggers." But if wo exam ine this kuklux constitution wo find Uiem professedly solicitous as to the welfare of tho "colored" voters. Thus section seven teen provides that "It shall bo tho duty of tho leaders and their tens" "to mingle with the colored voters" " tvfflol cntfy to learn (heir faces, and at tlio samo time to educate them in the principles of tho Democratic party and to leach them their dutyjas citizens." Tho caroful reader will not fall to notico how tenderly sollcltlous the authors of this charter of dem ocratic freedom wore ofl" the prejudi ces of thoso "leaders and their tens.' "Thoy wcro not oxpected to dovoto thoir whole tlmo to theso "colored " voters, cither so cially or as a matter of duty, but only "su ficlently"to "learn (heir faces" and to " teach'' tho sublime principles of modern democracy. Why it was necessary to "learn their faces," if not to know surely tho vic tims of tho next midnight raid, when hick ory poles wero to Impress upon tho "color ed" voters that their "duties" as "citizens" was to vote tho Democratic ticket or bo scourged to death, I do not know. But I havo quoted enough to show tho mockery of this Instrument. It is a singular con glomeration of Inconsistencies. Tho very sentences framed to rover tho real purposes of tho organization, by affected Interest In thu welfare of tho "colored voters," dis closes tlio marks and purposes of thu ku klux organization. Tt is tho most direct and conclusive proof oi tno alliance, oiiensivo and uolenslve, between tho Southern Democracy and tho' infamous, kuklux organization that lias yet, been exposed, ami as such this part of tne evidence uy the kukiux committee is the most important aud interesting. - - m i pn The King niul tlio Countryman. In tho days of tho good King Henry IV, of France, there lived an honest country man, who said ono evening, on returning fr6m his day's work, "Well, gooU wife, I hear'our good king Is coming to-morrow to hunt in the forest of Fontalnebleau. The distance is great, I know ; but if you will get ready my best coat and hat, I am resoivou to try ana seo mm." ua who soon made ready his best clothes, aud, at daybreak, sho gathereda basketof her best strawberries, and tied up one of her choi cest cheeses, as a present to the good king: and Pierre set oil" with career step and joyful heart. Ho walked on in the fresh mornimr air : but when ho reached the forest, being overcomo by fatigue, he sat uown to rest awnue. JNow. it chanced that during the hunt the. king lost sight of ids companions, and happened to bo passing by. "Can j-ou tell me," said Pierre, "wheth er our good King Henry is in the forest to day ?" "Yes," said tho king, "he is here.'' "I havo walked somo dlstanco to seo him. Can you tell mo, sir, In what part of tno iorest i snail una mm c" "If you will mount behind me,. I can take you to tho very spot." Thereupon, with mauy thanks, I'iorro seated himself, right glad, behind tlio king. They rode along chatting very pleasantly. "What have you In your basket,, my friend?" , "Somo strawberries, which my good wife sent with this cheese." "Let mo seo,the strawborrles." Pierre handed him tho basket, and watched him anxiously eating ono after another, fearing thoro would be none left. However, he said nothing. " How shall I know tlio king from his courtiers?" " Oh, very easily thoy will all take oft" moir liais, nut tno King win Keep nisncau covered, v Very boon they came to four cross-roads, whero a very largo company of gentlemen wcro gathered togethor awaiting tho king. Ah soon as ho appeared they all took ofl their hats; and Pierro asked eagerly which was tho king. " Did I not tell you ho' would keep his hat on?" "Well, then, either you or I must bo king, since all tho rest aro' bareheaded " littlo suspecting how closo ho was to his majesty. " 'Tis even so ; and I am Henry IV, of Franco." In great astonishment rierre hastily dis mounted, wondering how ho could have been riding and talking with him In so friendly a manner. The king smiled, and told him to go, tortile, palaco forjKomo re freshments and. rest .mid that; hetlshed to seo him tho next morning. Meanwhile the king ordered.a beautiful cow to bo tied up in the yard ; and the next day ho tout Pierre to drive her homo to his wife, for tho refreshing basket of strawberries and tbo cheese which sho had sent him. Pierre's joy was great, when ho told his wife his adventure in the forest ; and hers was no less, when sho beheld tho beautiful cow which tlio good king had sent her. Oliver Optic's Mayazinc. Aifanccrdonroccifrrediit arhouso rSUIng on Friday,- chjdit miles west of the city. Tho houso Lolnc rawed belonged to Joseph ltobcrts; Whllo a number of men wcro sliding Up a'log, a lifting fork broko and a log fell, upon' 31r. Ocorco JlcLtiin. Ho was taken up tor -dead, but animation returned after a few minutoj: At last accounts ho was, alive, but still In n very cruicui L'unuiiion. Chicago rinclr. " Callforuia pears fino pears only ten cents." Wo wero on tho cars on Saturday even ing says tho Chicago Mail, going for a' dulet Sabbath to ono of our beautiful suburbs, when n Hue, mauly, hearty voice, crying with n hearty will. "California pcarsj" caused us to lift our eyes from a copy of the Mail. Wo beheld moving irom seat to seat, Hearing nis uasKct oi fruit, a young man of Hue. healthy anncar- anco, graceful action and wonderful elas ticity ami courage. " How do you do Mrs. S.? Havo a near?" and tho voune man stonned at thn sent. Just a head of ours aud licld up before n beautiful and finely dressed lady, a ripe, luscious specimen oi tno iruit, wnicu tno lady, acknowledging tho salute, smilingly accopted and tlio young man passed ou. " Well I declare," said tho lady to her companion, "If that Isn't Jack L. Who would havo expect to seo him selling pears on a train of cars." " No ono before tho great fire," replied tho gentleman. "Juck and his father lost all they had. Too bad, wasn't It? Always used to luxury, It seems hard to be thrown so suddenly on tho world." " I must sneak to him acaln when ho comes back," said the lady. Soon the young mau returned, preced ed by tho cheerful voice, again crying, "Caiiiornia pears, uamornia pears." "Jack, i am glad to.seo.you so cheerful. Why you surprise hie, You act as though you had served an.apprcnticeshlp as train boy." "Cheerful ? Why shouldn't,! bo cheer ful? sold .fifteen, dollars' worth of pears to day, .young, gpod health, guess lean make a living. Don't weary." And away ho went, shouting) J'.Bcars, pears, California pears."' .-i t ' Tio flro ;can, never slugo. that young man's good willn He .will find a way or mako one. Theso are. tho, sons of Chicago sullerers. . .' ' Tho Message. The following resolutions wcro ollered by the Hbn. Ai A. Freeman, Itepresentativo from Haywood county, West Tennessee, last Friday In tho Houso of Representa tion, ou the reception in Nashville of tho President's nlessngo to tho Forty-second Congress of the United States. On motion, theso patriotic resolutions approving most wise measures, touched upon by tho illustrious Chief Magistrate of the nati6n, wero taken up under n sus pension of tlio rules and discussed at somo length. But notwithstanding the consilia tory temper rcgardiug the removal of dis abilities and other moat wholesome sug gestions of economy and prosperity, tho sago Solons, apparently .for no other rea son than that the measure .originated with the friends of this great American Union, voted it down by a strict, party vote, at the instauco of the nephew oi Isham G. Har ris. The following aro tho resolutiops : Ilcsolvcd, by the Houso;of, Representa tives, tho Senate concurring, That wo heartily approve the messago of tho Presi dent of the United States to tho Forty second Congress; und especially that por tion which relates to tho reduction of the national debt, the decrease of taxatiou, the removal of disabilities and the enforcement of tho law and our foreign relations. Ilcsolvcd, That wo desiro tho continued success of tho Administration in all the foregoing particulars, and, to securo that end, wo pledgo our earnest co-operation to sccuro tho re-election of President Grant to tho place ho now so ably Mis.; Resolved, That we pledgo our unquali fied support to tho President in all his ef forts to reduce tho expenses of tho Govern ment, collect Its revenues and enforce its laws. Tlio witty author of " My Summer in a Garden'' has beon meditating upon, tlio results of tho discovery of America by Co lumbus. Tho firing of a Balute in' celebra tion of this event has set him to thinking. Ho writes about it in" the Hartford Couranl In this vein: "Perhaps it la not an open question whether Columbus did a good thlrig in first coming over hore one that wo ought to celobrato with salutes and dinners. Tho Indians never thanked him, for one party. Tlio Africans had small ground to bo gratified for tho market ho opened for them. Hero aro two continents that had no use for him. Ho led Spain into a danco of-great 'expectations, which ended In her gorgeous ruin. He intro duced tobacco into Europe,' aud laid tho foundation for moro tracts and nervous diseases than tho Romans had In u thou sand years. "Ho introduced the potato into Ireland, indirectly, and that caused such a rapid increase of population that tho great fam ine was tho result, and an enormous emi gration to Now York-J-hence Tweed and Hall and the constituency of tho Ring. Columbus Is really responsible for New York. He is responsible for our whole tremendous experiment of democracy) open to all comers, aud tbo best threa In fiye to to win. We cannot yeb toll how it.ls com ing out. With tlio foreigners and, tlio communists und the women, Ifc is ft great s ago in which n comedy and tragedy in ono piece aro being played, with what de nouement wo cannot yet say. If it comes out well, wo ought to erect a tnonument to Chrlstbpher as high as tho one at Wash ington expects to be, a:id. wo presume it is well to fire occasionally to keep tho an cient mariner In mind whllo wo are try ing our great, experiment." 3Iii3. Lincoln. Mrs Abraham Lincoln llvliif In Him miio llOllbO with her only son, Robert, and his wife. . ., . . . -. I ...til. ),ai a gentleman wno cohvojb--u j "x" few days ago says sho is in excolloht health, but overwhelmed with grief at tho. loss of her son' Thaddeus, Ho had grown to be a tall and handsome boy, speaking 1' rench aud German fluently, antl novor had a day's sickness whllo'abroad, but tlio mo ment he reached New York, ho was so af fected by tho heat'that he nover recovered from the change. C n v