It i Mr Voluntary eommnnieit'ions. contilninr interest- int or important newt, solicited from .ny quarter. , News letters from th Tsrioui counties of tbo State especially desired. All commnnlcationi should bo addressed to tbc " Editors of tho U.niox jixd Americas." MEDICAL. P R P. "V Hr fi TT T? AT T (Late BricaJc Suircon, S. A,) OCUMST AX AUKIST, Office 33 Cedar strccUictwecn Summer and Cherry, KASHVILLK. Office for treatment of all Diseases of tbe Eye uid Ear, operation! for Bquintinc, Cataract, ect. performed. HOX 700, P. O. decO 3ml.lp. REAL ESTATE AGENTS. IHSSOIXTIOW fPlIE firm heretofore ciitinr under the name JL firm an.l style of W. MATT BROWN k Cn i. tlii. iliv ilirmlvifl liv mutual consent, Mr. lirown retires from the business. Nr. Callcnder, in connection with Thineas darretl, will co tlnne the Ileal Kutatc bu'inen at tho old stand W. Matt. Brown ic Co, M.TN, TIIO.S. CAI.LKN'DElt. r. OiEKfTT. T. CSLMXDIK. CALLENDER & GARRETT, (Successors to W. i in. Brow.v k Co.,) 41 Clicrrj" fitrct, WIIiTi five tbeir pminpt attention to Ihr selling nnd rriitineuf every desferiutiun of Itcal Estate, i (li lw. DKSIKAKT.r: KESIDKNXTIS Ituildiiig TmI Tur S:tlc, X L1RGK FARMS. 1st. A fine Rwidcnee, containing 12 rooms, in frre territory. Also two vacant Lots adjoiuinir. al. Tliat splendid Residence of the late James .Tnlinson, on liroiul Rslreet, between Summer and Hitch streets, containinc 8 rooms, besides servants rooms ii ml other out nouses. 3d. Tliat splendid Residence of tbo late Hardin P. Iliitliflr. mtitnliiinir uliout 10 rooms, out bouses. etc. liood rWinir and sprinc bouse with seres of land, immediately adjacent to thocity, tho Charlotte Pike. (111. Wl nerrs of cround of the Harrow property, on the Cbarlntto Pike, which will be divided to suit purchasers. Sib. A very larce number of Lois in the Cily niwl the ililltiroiit Additions to asevilie. JjOis in Kdgeficid and llrowusvillc. Oth. A very low number of tbe REST FARMS In tins iuhI luu adjoining counties. jwij o J. I., .t II. W. HROWN. .Ieot-lm Mi Union itrect KELSON I MUEPREE ItKAI, 1JSTATI2 AGKXTS, Cherry Mrt-rl, neiir i:iilon. NASHVILLE. TENN.. ""fAVEftsroaiiioiintof Real Estate to sell in .1:1 this and lliundjouuiiirfclntoj. THEY I1UY ANDSELL Cniiitv :nul Klutc llond. on com wellfiS every dceeription of (loveriiniciit in-curl- TWO MAURY COUNTY FARMS nrcioflercd at very reasonable prices. Also, In Wjllium.on A PLACE ON THE CUM1IERLAN1) RIVER, of acres, in Jackson county, Tcnn., for talc. Ni'i.r.Mii rrrv i'ikh'iiutv FOR SALE. 30. able' 1M!PT ... I1....1. nilhn.1l. ttn Tnv. wpll llniisn anil Maimite reinttlcata renson- nriee. Tliis is central, cho.cu property, and Is more tbnu 1!00 fert deci. 4H rcrl. Improved, on Vine street, between Church and Union, very choice locnlion, hut the Improvements aro moderate. Tho prico is very low. 02 IVrl. with larso brick dwidlinir, on Vine stroit, between I'nion and Cnlar. bcinic nbout tbo most dosirablo location for residences in lliocity. aOO IVul on Mrfinvork street. West Nashville. nn nlilcli is a neat llrick Ilwcllinc. o or i room'. Jiteiien. stabl. otc:, and firpt-rate cistern. Price only House and premises in sood onler. 1 no Fwf itn llrosd streeL West Nnlbvllle. with . elccant new llrick House, containing 10 or Vl rooms, kitchen, stable, two cisterns, shrubbery, tc, etc;, at $l'i,(n. cry desirable. Knot sold witliin ten days, this lureo and choice place will ! rented for tin remainder ot tins and llio whole of next year. BO I'oct on North Market street, corner of Ihi" eust, on which i the toll known Pleasant Smith Iiome. I'nce tl.su. no I'wI on Snmeo street, with larre, elecnnt and new llrick Pwclline. containinc in room. bath rooms, kiteben, eitra sise. with eas, water. and svory modem imiirovrinent. lwt nn ISrk utrpct. with common im provements, very low. This property runstbrouch to futumcr. 40 JYol on Collcio street, being the lower por tion of tho lot now occupied lv Department Headquarters, belonging to Dr. Waters. Price, ii) per foot. A choice little lot on North College, just below lie Public Squaro, at a sacriflcc. SALOON AND RESTAURANT. Wo oflcr for sale a Saloon and Restaurant, now doinc a prbfitable business, in tbe very ccutro of trnde, at a price perfectly satisfactory. EDGEFIELD. We Ikivo over feet of tround on the most choice nnd desirable streets in Edgefield, for lease for live yoars from 1st January next, at prices which on cut to bo satisrjctor) to tWo dusirincto iuiproi U' Call di m:i.s.x a Jivuritr.r. decS-lm A13IRT V. D1I.UX. w. nr.vcx Tiiovrsov. DILLIti & THOMPSON, Ki:AI. 1XTATH A XI)' H (Jft C O Is T.U C T I.Yfl A J E X T S. -1DR0MIPIN0 FAITHFI'L AND PROMPT X. attention to all businees entrusted to our care, we respect fully tender our service to the Public, aslieneral Afents. for tbe Purehaso and Sale ol Real Estate; Reiitinr and Leaunc of City or Country Property; Collection of Notes; Accounts and oueben; iutrttication of Titles, ctc etc DILL1N THOMPSON. Office, over Seonnd National Bank, Collece streL dect tl PL UAKKr.I.S ntAMIKltltI-.S, J Just recciteil. c .. . MEPARY ,V BI'RKE, i i r South" comer liroad and Market its. Rnf) NACKK llVCKWIirAT i roT?R. OWU elrcant article ; Just ,re-ivr,I .i,d f,.r,alc c . . MEDAKY .t BURKE, 0JKJ the best in the luaikcU MLDARY .t 1HJRKE. uthcast corner Broa4 and Market its. SLKO, NU31HER Of VOLUME XXXIII. groceries, liquors && JiEff ST OK 13. Pandolfini & Eiva, NO. 12 JCOUTJI CHEttltT STltEET. .tir.AI.XKS IX FANCY GROCERIES, i WINES, LIQUORS, CIGARS, ETC. MOXG T11EIR STOCK MAY BE FOUND : t Jara.Ttioand Mocha Coffee : Lruklicd, liwdcrcd, Uoflce, l'cTtl-Iuco, and every rrmile nf Ilrnwn Outran: Teas. Candies. KUirch ; Castile, l'alin, Erajiro and Laundry Soaps; Almunds. Filbert, Currants, I'runcs, ltasins; IJutttr, Oysters, fancy and Almond Lrackcrs; l'ine Apple, Gluuttcr and Domestic Cheese; Mixed, Girkius, Cbow-eboir and Imperial Hot Mushroom, Walnut, India, and Sir Robert Peel Catsun : Sultana, Royal, Table. IlccfStcaV, Roy al Osborne, John Hull, bono, .Moul ami Murrey Bauces; Esrcncc of Ancbories ; Lcnco of Shrimps; Jlaille. Imperial and Durham Mustard: .Mushrooms: Dutch Anchovies; Anchovy Paste; Strasbourir Meats, Poltcd Tomrue, Polled Ham; traits of every variety in cans anu Jars, IS THFIK STOCK OP lViiiCH it iid Brandies ALL OF WHICH ARH or.xuiSE asiumi-.obteb, IAY BE FOUND Pcinartin and Duff Gordon Sherries: Old Choice and ReservcMadciras ; London Dock and Burgundy Port; Pcinartin, Blaniiuefuit and St, Julien Meloe Claret: Haut Santcrnc, Nicstciner, Hockbcimer and Ca tawba Wines; Hemcrcicr, Gold MciIalandHcidsick.Chainpaene; Pinet Castillion, Otard, Dapny.k Co's Brandies; Irish, Scotch, llourbon and Robertson County hiskiei: Hollsnd Gin; Maraiehinn Absinthe; Vermoutbo and all As sorted Liniinrs: Baker's and Holland Bitters; GENUINE HAVANA CIGARS, Choice brands, together with every variety of Do mestic CiEars,.Chcwiii(j and Smnkinir tobacco of all brands; together with all other articles usual ly fonnd in a FIRST CLASS FANCY GROCERY STORE. ' It is the intention of PANDOLFINI & RIVA to keep on hand at all times a complete assort ment of everything in tbeir line, of tbo very best quality to be purchased, which they are deter mined to rcll ns low as any other establishment in Jhis or any othercity. They respectfully ask an examination of their stock, feelini; assured that no one will co away dissatisfied.) IMXDOLFIM t RIVA, I'nncy (Irocers, iM) DEALF.ES IX WIXES, LlfiUOIlS AND CIGA11S, Xo. 12 Xorlh Clicrrj- Street, dec Mm. NASHVILLE, TENN. All. U l.Al'GIIMX. O. W. II. ni'TLKB. F. A. IRWIX. Formerly of Evans, Keith k Co. M'LAUGHLIN, "BUTLER & CO,, (Sueessors to F. A. Irwin .t Co.) WIIOTiKSAIiK GBOCEKS Commission Merchants, Corner of .Market and Clark streets, NASHVILLE, TENN. We have In store ami for sale a largo slock of SUGARS, BROWN. CRUSHED, AND POWDERED. RIO COFFEE. FAMILY FLOUR. SALT. MACKEREL. STAR CANDLES. SOAP, TOBACCO. CHEESE. OYSTERS, RAISONS, ASSORTED CANDY. LOBSTERS. WIM'-O AXIS I.KllTOKS. llourbon Whiky, Robertson County do French Brandy, Apple do Poach ' do Cherry do Baker's Bitters, Holland Gin, Jamaica Rum, Sherry AVlne, Port do Champagne do Claret do Catawba do And complete assortment of other Groceries. .Mclaughlin, butler .t co. dec3 lm FOSTER BROTHERS, ii:ai.v.ils ix FIXE FA3IIXY CJKOCEKIES, PUHI2 WIXES, ItKAXIUKS, etc., etc., etc NO. 33 . WIST SIDE PUBLIC SQUARE, Nnslivllle, ToiiinNoe -o- TV.- HAVE IN STORE AND 'FOR SALE a large hock hi BROWN SUGAR, CRU HED do POWDERED, do RIO COFFEE. FAMILY FLOUR, SALT. MACKEREL. STAR1 CANDLES, SOAP. ele cta, eto. OYSTERS. COVE AND SPICED, C1IEKSH, SAltDlNHS, PICKLES. RAISONS. ALMONDS. FILBERTS. PEGANS. ASSORTED CANDY. LOBSTERS. ot etc. Wines and Liquors. Burhon Whisky, Robertson Oountv do. Frcneh Bramly, Apple Brandy, Peach Brandy, Cherry Brandy, Baker's Bitter, cte., te. Holland Gin, r Jamaica Rum, Shero- Vine, Port Wine, Charapacno Wine, Claret Wine, Catawba Wine, et&, cte. Willow-Ware; . Superior Citars; Smoklnc Tobaccos : Pickles; French Mutard; CaperCalsup; . Java Coffee, eta. roSTXR IIROTIIEIM. 3 deel-tf J. 5ff. I,V3IS1)EX at CO., UAlVriCTCKlIS An MALItS HIDES, OILS, LEATHER, Findings & Currier's Tools, arc. s totrrn mj.reet street. 5m4 KAHHT1I.I.E, Tavar HARDWARE. 37 SAM. VANLEER, & CO., , i .. , t"L : ' ' (Two Doors below Publie Square,) SIGN OF THE BIG PADLOCK TTAVE ON HAND AND ARE RECEIVING 1 1 a large and complete stock of hncluh, (j man, and American HARDWARE. Which wo are sellinc at' reasonable prices". The stock consists in part of FINE IXL POCKET CUTLERY, 200 GROSS TABLE CUTLERY. 200 D0Z. KNOB LOCKS, assorted. 50 do HAND AND RIPPING SAWS. 300 d. ASSORTED AUGERS. 25 do FOOT ADZE, 2000 lbs. HOOKS AND HINGES, assorted. 12 t 4S inches. 1000 lbs. 1)0IL CHAIN. 1000 " BLACKSMITH'S HAMMERS, all kinds: 25 WRIGHT'S ANVILS. 100 CROSS-CUT SAWS. KM to VA feet, CO MILL SAWS, to 5 feet; - Pf ? axes; . ji y, CHISELS. FILES, HATCHETS. CHAINS. LOOKING GLASSES. - CANDLESTICKS'of all kinds. KA7.0RS, SCISSORS. SHEARS. TIN CUPS and PLATES. -' TEA and TABLE SPOONS. COFFEE MILLS. SHOE NAILS. TACKS. A very larse stock of PLANES of every variety Also, ritEJM.CJI STEE1 I'lOWS. Those wishing to purchase in our lino will d well to give us a tall before buying. r i ' . SA3r.S-AXI.EKIt, & CO. dec 4 lm. 1. 1. nRKAHT. THO. D. CB11RIIKAD. AETHUR A. BREAST .& CO., WHOLESALE DEALERS IX HARDWARE . , . j . AND CUTLERY, NO. 29 PUBLIC SQUARE, NASHVILLE, WE HAVE NOW ON HAND, AND ARE continually receiving, a largo and well se lected stock of iiAitnwAnEffAXD-cirixEnY, in all its branches. We invito Merchants and the Trade tenerally to our stock : TABLE AND POCKET CUTLERY; AXES AND HATCHETS; . CHAINES AND HOPES: COTTON AND WOOL CARDS; HORSE SHOES AND NAILS; RIFLE AND BLASTING POWDER, TANNER'S BELTING AND PACKING; FARMER'S AND MECHANICS TOOLS, in everw variety, etc., cte. Call and examine our Stock. We are prepared to sell as cheap as any house west of tho Allcehc nics. A. A. BIIEAST A CO. deel lm. G. W. FALL & CO., I 3J 3? O It X 3D S, WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALERS -i 'HARDWARE AXD CHTM2RY NO. S4.PUBLIC SQUARE, NASHVILLE, TENNESSEE, (Kirkman .t Ellis' old stand.) We would respectfully invite the attention of SPORTSMEN to our stock of G-UN S Which cannot bo equalled here. It comprises all grades, from th PliAIX DOURI.E BARREL TO THE CELEBRATED GUNS 07 irr.si.nT nicnAitns a gkku also x raw Krcacli XoatliiiK or Cnrtridffc ' snoT gtjxs. AMUNITION SPORTING decl-lw APPARATUS jis. mViuohlix. a. w. n. ictlir. r. a. iewik. Formerb' of Nevins, Keith & Co. McLaughlin, Butler & Co., (Successor! to F. A. Irwin k CO WHOLESALE GliOCEltS Commission Merchants, f dc j. li as tx p KKANDir.H, WINES AXD EIQCORJi, Corner Market and Clark stiU Nashville, Tenn. iFatv A II E . IP VTe'pay (he bishest market prices for DRIED FRUIT. FEATHERS, BEESWAX. GINSENG. And CHHlry Vxdne Cnersvlly. McLAUGULlN, BUTLEK & CO. WOT 'T NASHVILLE, TENNESSEE, TUESDAY, FAMILY GROCERIES &c. FAMILY GROCEHY, NO. DEADERICK STREET. (old stand of Adams and Eves.) ROBERT EYES & CO., -rrnvouu) RESPECTFULLY ANNOUNCE Tf TIU'Hl VUIENDS AND CUS. tomcrs that they have opend a first class Family Grocery Store at theou sianu, so lone occupicu oy Adams k Eves, on Deaderick street. Tue Stock tin. i...n civtil with care, and embraces a com plete assortment of all the stapl and fancy arti cles, losctacrwii: OLD WINES, CIGARS. LIQUORS, TOBACCO. ETC., ETC. UTOODEN WARE. 20 nests Wash Tubs, 20 , ? doien Wash Boards, -J) doren Painted Buck ets, 10 dozen Sifters, a large lot of Brooms, etc., in store. "TirniSKY 30 barrels puro Old Robertson T V County Whisky for sale, by tho gallon or barrel. 10VE OYSTERS, Sardines. Pickles, Mustard. Brandy Fruits, Catsups, etc. SCOTCH ALE 20 doicn Bottles of J. Walker k Co.'s celebrated bottled Scotch Ale. Also a large lot of Young k Co.'s Edinburg Ale, in bot tles. "BANDIES, Soda and Butter Crackers. Crack- J nell in iiscuit, etc. SUNDRIES Nails, Bed Cords, Rope, Wrapping Paper, Demijons, Soaps, Candles, etc. ( 10FFEE, SUGAR, TEAS, etc. We desire cspe J cially to call attention to our stock of Cotlcc. Sugar, Teas. Also, White Fish, Pickled Herring, flour by the barrel or sacK, tor inmiiy use. TERR ASS BROTHERS WHOLESALE GROCERS, COMMISSION AND FORWARDING MERCHANTS, SOUTH MARKET STREET. NASHVILLE TENNESSEE. SUNDRIES. 1 ff boxes Rosin Soap; 50 casks Soda: 05 boxes Indigo (best;) a uo jiaaucr; . Z kegs and half barrels Golden Syrup : 10 barrels Blacking; 100 boxes Grairand Ground Pepper; 25 do Spice;. 25 do Ginger; 200 reams Wrapping Paper; , 20 cases Matches; 100 boxes Star Candles; 5 cases Sunny Side Tobacco;! 20 boxes Imperial Tea. For sale low by TERRASS BROS, deci im S3 South Market street. CJUGARS. 60 hhds. common, Drimo and choice 'Brown Suirar. 100 bbls. Crushed. Powdered and Granulated. For sale by TERRASS BROS. TOLASSES. XVLMolasscs. 100 bbls. common and choice For sale by TERRASS BROS. T7L0UR 200 bbls. extra to choice brands. For JL sale low by TERRASS BROS. WHISKY IT county; .-50 bbls. F. N. k Co.'i Robertson 25 bbls. Tennessee AThite. For sale low by TERRASS BROS. T ARD.-25 bbls. Country Lard For salo bv TERRASS BROS. COFFEE. 100 bags prime CofTce. For sale by TERRASS BROS. dec3-lm. O. W. ROWLAND, LAXDON BTOGXTOX, JOHN V. SPHRRT, HKNRT HfKRRT, Late of Nashville, Tcnn. Late of Nashville, Tenn. ROWIaAXB, SPERRY & CO. WHOLESALE IGnOCEItS AN1 GEXERAE COMMISSION MERCHANTS, FOR TIIR SALR Of COTTON, TOBACCO AND PRODUCE GENER ALLY. ASSParticulnr attention given to the purchaso of all kinds of Western Produce. I No. 48 WEST SECOND STREET. deci lm CINCINNATI OHIO. TBEANOR & CO., WIIOIaESATaE grocers And dealers in Foreign & Domestic Liquors, NO. 58 MARKET STREET. deci NASHVILLE, TENN. SALE & LIVERY. ix service a g a i jr. TJI-Jl1VX-TJjP L I VP R Ys SALE, EXCHANGE STABIE DEADERICK STREET. BETWEEX CHERRY AND SUMMER. JT. F. PENTECOST, Proprietor. rPHE UNDERSIGNED HAS JUST RETURN X ed from the North, with the best stock to be had in the country. BUGGIES AND CAR RIAGES ALL NEW, and horses superior to any in this c5ty. My fscilities for BOARDFNG nORSES BY THE DAY, WEEK OR MONTH, are unequalled in the city. Th services of an experienced Host ler nave been secured, who will give his exclusiv attention to stock. Constantly, en hand, a fine lot of HORSES AND MULES for tale at th LOWEST MARKET RATES. Having had a long cxperieiKt in the businees, I fl tatiifledlhatlcancivesatisfaction in all eases deci-3m J. j PENTECOST. TJM0N&AMEEI011T Lamartine on the United States and Mexico. Ingenious Defence of the French Mexican Policy. The Secret Thought Which Inspired the Mexican Expedition. "I am not afraid to say it boldly, notwith standing the natural opposition which niay exist between the diplomacy of the republic and that of the empire ; against interests so Prencli, so elevated, so European, as those we defend in Mexico, there is no patriotic opposition possible. The conception of the policy in Mexico is a sublime conception, a conception misunderstood. (I shall explain further on why,) a conception as just as ne cessity, as vast as tho ocean, as new as all that which in apropos, a conception of a statesman, fecund as the future, a conception of safety for America and for the world. Wo must here raise ourselves to a great height in order to comprehend the full force of this policy. The first empire, a purely military empire, and which sold Louisiana for a piece of bread to feed its armies, was never capablcof a conception which equaled this. The idea of a bold and efficacious pbstiion to be taken in Mexico against the usurpation of the United States of America is a new but just idea. Jiurope has the nnht to talx this position . France takes the initiative. Let us examine the right from this elevated point of view, from whence we distinguish the legitimacy of things, and let us start from this true but not radical position : The Uiobe is the property of Man: the new continent, America, is the property of Europe. In starting from this principle, winch has become at this moment a fact, that the merican Continont has become the collect ive property of mankind, and not the dis rupted Union of a single race, without title and without right, at least over bpanish America, and over the Latin race, mother of all civilization, the principle of the protec tion of Europe, and of its independence, at least of the seventeen Republican States of couth America, belongs evidently to us and all the Powers of the old world. AVe must be prepared for events; we must protect the Latin race; we must, in the first place, take position at the point menaced by the United States. Vi'c must do this, or else we must declare that the new continent the property of Eu rope is to belong entirely in twenty-five years, perhaps, to the armed pioneers who recognize no other title for their usurpa tion than their convenience, and who per mit their citizens, like Walker, to raise in dividually fleets and armies against Cuba, while their Fedoral General enters in the name of the Union into Mexico, and from there into all tho civilized capitals of South America ! "Why, therefore, should Europe or the Old World recognize these rights of piracy by sea and land for the United States, whilst, in the Old World we recognize not only the right of protecting such property as is use ful to all, but further the right to expropri ate with indemnity the right of all States and individuals in things useful to all ? This principle of the protection of interests useful to all which applies to a commune, does it apply with less right to a continent entire? Evidently not. We do not say: Expropriate the United States of Spanisli America ; their proper organic anarchy will expropriate them sufficiently ! But we say Europe has the right, and we add, the obli gation, of not giving over to them the Latin race, bpanish America, the half which still remains free and independent of that mag nificent part of the globe, more than half of the Jrleaven, the earth and the population of the New World ! What are the collective, sacred posses sions, the necessities ot mankind at large that the policy of the Old World cannot and ought not to be delivered up to the mercy of the United btatcs ot Jinglish America t" These things are the capital of the entire world, used by a few, necessary to all, in our state of civilization and in our system of ex change, which renders to all moneyed gold, as necessary as bread. The mines of gold are there! In the second place, the food of the Old World the wheat, flour, corn, potatoes on which nconle subsist, and of which the pri vation in tne years of famine might produce in Europe incalculable calamities and de structions of populations. In the third place, the industries which have become in the last few vcars especially. by the salaries they assure to at least forty millions of workmflhin cotton, the veritable and indispensable stipendium of wages and of life. In fine, commerce, which compels us to maintain a navy and sailors, a floating population, incalculable as a number of men fed under sails, still more incalculable as a element of our national power. To permit the United States to renew the folly of the first empire, to establish an anti-European blockade, no longer on their ports alone, but on the world, as they havo just proclaimed it, is no longer a poltroonery, it is to accept what New York offers us, it is to abdicate navigation, commerce, cotton, free trade, the marine of the Old W orld, it is not to live but on the death of life. Thus who docs not know that the grain df America, of the valley of the Mississippi es pecially, does not constitute tiie world's granary in case of famine, as Sicily was the granary ol the Homans I ho docs not know that the monetary capital of the uni iveree is in the immense mines of Mexico, and Peru and Sonora, and tliat these mines, given up to their natural productiveness by a good system ot drainage, will place all the capital in gold and silver of the universe in the hands of the United States, masters of the two Americas ho does not know that the master of capital is the master of interest, and that Europe, delivered up to this country of monopolies, will be forever subject to its despotism ? Who docs not know that, masters of the price of gold and silver they will be masters also of our most vital industries, and that their coalition' al ready organized against our industry in silks, which rivals their industry in cotton, will ruin Lyons, the capital of tissues, and the second capital ol i? ranee ho does not know that in depriving us or in depriving themselves, by the extinc tion of the bouth, of the clement of this in dustry in Europe, coiton, they will continue to starve, as they have already starved, eight millions of workmen of France, more than that in England, fivcmilliousin Austria, and thus take Europe by famine at every caprice of their arbitrary interests? Who does not know, in fine, that owe commerce and navi gation will be subject to the samedestruction as our products 7 In all this wc discover, evidently, the se cret thought which inspired the Mexican ex pedition, an expedition winch bears the ap pearance of a temerity without compensa tion, and behind which I alone in 1 ranee have seen the general utility. r ranee has not comprehended this expe dition. Why ? I will venture to reply : be cause in the commencement it was neither explained nor explainable. It -was because this idea of taking a position in Mexico against the United States was not to be ex clusively French, but European; it -was ne cessary to consult together, to organize, to agree frankly on a common basis before act ng, and this was not done. France, ac cused of secret intentions, was suspected by England and Spain. They Relieved that she simply desired to draw her two allies in to a war of intervention for purclv French and monarchial interests, instead" of com bining with London and Madrid on armed, disinterested and European policy; and for una reason tney suspected and at last aban doned France. Imt one of two things was true: either France was sincere and wished to act in the common interest, and in this case there ought to liave been frank explanations in advance, and no action but after a diplomatic and military European agreement on an equal footing of force, which would thus give no motive for complaints of reticence or want of frankness against the intervention; or France acting aionc, ought to have acted with a force -worthy of herself, and not com mence by planting her protecting flag in Mexico with a handful of heroic men aban doned by their auxilairics and insufficientfor AMERICAN. DECEMBER 19, 1S65. the accomplishment of the original concep tion. In these facts lie the vice of th6 enterprise and Uie reasons why the people in trance have not comprehended it, why Spain lias had suspicions of it, and why England lias abandoned it. France, when her loyalty in the matter is better understood will bring bade England and bpam to it, or she will act alone with preponderating forces. Spanish-America will thus "be protected, the United States will be repressed, Spain and iingland brought back, and this grand enter prise will turn out tho honor of this'cchturv in Europe and the honor of France in Span- is ii-Amenca. One can easily understand that this people have vet scarcely any of the conditions of an American literature, The Mexicans be-, fore the conquest, the pretended savages of .uoniczuma, uie j. eruvians wim ineir po ems ot quippos, were in tliat respect much more advanced. The gigantic monuments of tho Aztecs have left on the earth traces of intelligence and of force very much su perior, thus far, to the cxclusivelvutilitari- an edifices of the Americans' of the North, The pioneers of the North Jo not build for tune; the log-splitters only know how' to cut down in order to split up the grand ar istocratie trees of the forests which thevsee fall with the joy of men envious of the su periority of nature. Their eloquence is the struggle of their legislative assemblies, into which they carry the rudeness of their vio lent manners, and where brutalities of ges ture and of the closed fist take the place of the beautiful moral violences winch tho great modern or ancient .orators of Europe, exercise by aid of persuasion, or logic, or men of refinement assembled together for the purpose of seeking in common after the right and the justice of things. Their journals, innumerable because thev cost little or nothing, ore anly so many re ceptacles of advertisements of the charlatan isms recommended by the BarnUms of the press receptacles of calumnies and invec tives thrown out daily to tue various parties, in order to lastcn upon them odious appela- tions or trivial accusations so as to discredit one another, and to tike away their sub scribers. Their "saloons" arc held in ho tels ; their circles of men, which are temper ed neither hy good learning nor by polite ness toward women, arc only so many clulis of eager tradesmen, utilizing even their hours of repose for their purses, proud to Irnmitntiti (lint ivlv t .Tv VvinV0 tlinm n mnnni' and entertaining each other only with real or illusorv enterprises, bv which thev may ccntriplejthcir fortune. Their lilicrty, alto gether personal, has always something about it hostile to some one; the absence of all kindness of manner gives them in general the air and the attitude of some one who is in the expectation of being insulted, or who seeks, by force ot pride, of manner, to pre vent the insults that may be offered him They have conscience themselves of the con tinual disagrceauleness ot their manners. One of their rare political orators, the most eloquent and most honest among them, whom the envy of his fellow-eitizcns has al ways prevented from being elevated to the Presidency of the Iiepuhlic, said to me one day : Our liberty consists tn rfotn7 all thai May be the most disatrreeaole to our neighbors.'' The art of being disagreeablo is their second nature. lobe willing to please is a symp tom of love, ihey love no one; no one loves them. It is the expiation of egotists, History presents no parallel of such a phy siognomy; pride, coldness, correctness of features, mechanism of gestures, munching of tobacco in the mouth, spit-box under the feet, legs perched against the chimney-jambs or doubled up on themselves without regard to the respect which man owes to man, an accent bricfj monotonous, imperious, a dis dainful air imprinted in every feature this is the picture of one of these autocrats of money. With few exceptions which stand out and which stiflcr by the general pressure in an inferior atmosphere, exceptions so much the more respectable inasmuch as they are more numerous in the individual, and there is the North American, there is the people to whom Mr. Monroe, one of their flatterers, said, in order to be applauded : "The time is come when you ought no longer to suffer Europe to mix in the aflairs of America, and from which you ought to commence to exercise a preponderance in the affairs of Europe." ALABAMA. Innunrnl Address or do v. I'ntton, on Ills Induction into Ofllcc. The following extracts from the Inaugural Address of Gov. Fatton, gives a fair repre sentation of his view of the political situa tion, and duties of the people : Of the wide waste and ruin which the war has wrought upon our once happy country, Alabama has suffered a full share. Of her brave sens whontcred the army, it may bo safelv stated that from thirtv-hvc to forty thousand perished in the service. In mate rial wealth, her loss in one species of prop erty alone that of slaves is not less than two hundred and hlty millions ol dollars ; and the aggregate amount of loss in the va rious other descriptions of property has been equally as great. Hence we find that, in this State alone we have sustained a loss, in actual and substantial wealth, of at least five hundred millions of dollars (5500,000,000.) In this brief reference to the events of the last four years, I do not wish to be under stood as seeking to vindicate the correctness of opinions which I entertained and express ed at the mcipiency ol our late trouble, it w true that disaster and ruin were predicted, but heaven knows I take no pleasure in painting tho fulfilment Those events are now historic, and we should only recur to tlicni in that calm and philosophic spirit, with which we may appeal to any other history, for profitable lessons to guide us in our actions, while dealing with the momen tous present, and preparing for the dubious and even threatening future. For this pur pose, I think we may all profit much by con trasting the prosperity and happiness which our country enjoyed at the beginning of the recent war, with its present cnpjiled and al most ruined condition. In doing this, we should forget the contentious bickerings, passions, excitements and dissensions thro' which wc have passed; or, if wc cannot forget, let us, at least, rise above them. Let is be one man, and if we are unable to re cover that which has been lost, it becomes us to bend our united energies in saving and improving that which remains to us. Soon after the surrender of the Southern armies, the President, by proclamation, and the appointment of Provisional Governors, announced his terms of amncsty-and the policy bv which he proposed to restore har monious relations to the recently discordant States. Under all the circumstances associa ted with the new condition of things, it must 1. mnfpsuod that the terms of amncstv were as liberal as could have been reasonably ex pected. To the great mass of our country men a pardon was tendered, upon the sim ple condition of taking an oath to support the Constitutional laws of the United States, and the union of the States thereunder, in cluding a pledge of obedience to the Presi dentiat proclamations in relation to slavery. This condition was readily and cheerfully complied with. The various classes who were excepted from this liberal condition, and vim nniilil nnlv obtain amncstv br special action of the Executive, have presen ted their applications in large numocrs; ana the anxiety with which they seek for favor able action on their respective cases, giyes evidence of the sincerity with which our whole people are endeavoring to conform to the full requirements ot the laws. The reconstruction, or restoration policy of the President was duly submitted to the people of Alabama, and has been unhesi tatingly accepted by them. It may be safely asserted that, as far as the work of recon struction has progressed in this State, it has been in strict cc irmity with what was un derstood to be the policy of the General Government. Without undue murmuring, and in perfect good feith, our people have . 11 r 1 . .11 .1 : patriotically conformed to all the exigencies tuned by conscious rectitude, let them mfcin of the "situation." They fully and fairly tain with calm and resolute dignity the po aecept the results of the war, with all their sition they have taken, and await the re- lnritimatc consequences. Candor and sincerity are prominent trxiU of Southern Character. Our people never dissemble ; they always mean what they say and do. Their high character in tins re gard is so well established that all reasona ble men, in all parts of the country, must award full credit for their every action inoe the termination of the war. Our soldiers bore themselves with manliness when tliey laid doim their Arms, and ha ye observed thefr paroles with scrupulous good faith. Returning home, they sank the toldier into . . 1 f- 11 :.: :,i. .i... imIIm-hs. therhaVe riven the whole weight of I .1 :. . ;n , r i: .i. .t 1 their potent influence in forwarding the great wotk of restoration. Patiently aad uncom- plainingly obedient to all the requirements of the Constitution, laws, and even military orders of the United States since the war closed, the people of Alabama have given every possible evidence which human action can furnish, of unfeigned integrity of pur pose, and devoted loyalty to the Ueneral Government. Wc may rightfully claim therefore, that our State 13 fully entitled to be placed in tliat position m the Union where she will stand as the political equal of any other btate under the r ederal Cxrasti tutlon. In this faithful acquiescence in re sults, and this sincere desire for the restora tion of amicable and harmonious relations. with the other States of the Union, there are no partv divisions antong us. Thote who favored, and those who opposed seces sion, now stand hrmly and heartily together. A sudden and radical change has been brought in cur labor system. The extinc tion of slavery is one of the inevitable rq sults of the war. The relation heretofore existing between the whites and black has been totillv changed. The negroes arc now free, and this stubborn fact is fully and im equivocally recognized. I low far go vcrnmcn- iai action may oc aoio 10 promote 111c conv mon interest of the (wo races in their ul denly changed conditions, is a great problem winch tune alone can solve. The normal vocation of the negro is that of a cultivator of the soil. The soil and climate of Alabama, arc peculiarly adapted to the growth of cotton that great staple which wields a most potent influence, in tho commercial world. Land owners are de pendant upon the negroes for the labor which is necessary to produce cotton. Hence the negroes have but to avail them selves of the advantages which they may possess a3 cultivator of cotton lands, to. make for themselves an independent liv-; ing. In their new condition, their future happiness or misery depends entirely upon themselves. They will find no disposition on the part of the whites to opnreiS them. or withhold from them any of those rights to which thev are entitled as treedmen. The recent Convention of the State, adopted an ordinance imperatively requir ing the Legislature, at its present session, to provide full protection for the persons and property of the colored population. Of course, it is assumed that the Legislature will take the required action in this regard. In all this wc sec the evidence of a firm pur pose to deal fairly and justly with the freed men in his new condition. Wc will not only extend to him all his legitimate right", but will throw around him sucli effective safe-guard as will secure him in their full and complete enjoyment. More than this, I am persuaded our Northern brethren can not and will not a.sk of us. At the same time, it must be understood, that politically and socially, ours is a white man s goVOrn- nient; in 1 the tuture, as lias been the case in the past, the State aflairs of Alabama must be guided and controlled by the superior in telligence of the white man. The negro must also be made to realize that freedom docs not mean idleness or vagrancy. Eman cipation has. but left him where lie cannot live without work. Let us hope that by a judicious policy on the part of the State, and prudence on tlc part of planters and others employing ne groes, we may not experience tliat interrup tion in the development of our industrial resources which might, at first never havo been apprehended from the sudden and radical change, to which our labor system lias been subjected. It may be, indeed, that by additional energy, and bolder enterprises, we may find ourselves, at no distant day, on than we were likely to attain under the old system, Allow me to say gentlemen, in conclusion. that since the close of the war, it has evident ly been the studied purpose of our people to move in full harmony 'with the avowed policy of the National Administration. This attests the high confidence which is retiosed in the ability, integrity and patriotism of 'resident Johnson. 1 have no hesitation in expressing the belief that the President is doing everything in his power to advance the best interests ot the whole country, tioth North and South. In his high and responsi ble position, he has given the most indubita ble evidence of his purpose to administer the aflairs of the Government in a spirit of fairness, justice and conscrvat.vc nationali ty. I consider it clearly our duty to give him our cordial and earnest support in the patriotic course he is pursuing. jkoh;ia. ILttrncta from the Innii;iirnl Address of Gov. Jenkins Cnlin view, and ood Advice. In the brief survey, appropriate to this occasion, of the held of operation upon which we arecntering, we aro led to consid er first our federal relations, and seeonilhj our home interests. The Constitution of the United States defines the former, and the Constitution of tho State of Georgia indicates our duty concerning the latter. In these two great charters of liberty, there is no in herent cause of conflict. As, 'according to Kcpublican theory, all government is but popular agency, so these instruments con strued together present to the mind of the inquirer, a clear, satisfactory division be tween the governments they severally in stitute, of all the powers necessary to tho public exigencies, let we arc admonished by history written in blood, that conflict has arisen in the past, originating partly in the too eager advocacy of abstract theories, partly in the sectional jealousies add antag onisms, and enlisting tne evil passions ot humanity, it waxed tiercer arid uercer as it progressed in a series of years, and culmi nated in tho attempted separation of some of tho American States from tho remainder. Memories of common sufferings and com mon triumphs, and anticipation of an ex alted destiny within tho reach of a united, but unattainable by a divided people, alike lost their power over men's minds. The desire for triumph in the strife thus engen dered, on both Rides, speciously assumed tho guise of patriotism, and inspired men using a common Shibboleth with mutual aVersion. Five vcars since Keason abandoned, and the Sword assumed tho arbitrament. We open not that record of violence would that we could stamp it with the seal of oblivion ! Now the wager of Battle is over, and the award is against us as parties to the issue, our whole -people have risen, up, accepted it as by the will of one man. What valor failed to achieve, wisdom luu promptly re nounced, and truth herself has set her signet to the attestation of the deed. In the recent remodeling of their Constitu tion, the people of ucorgia have acknowl edged the Constitution, constitutional laws, and treaties of the United StateSj as their supreme late. This means something more than a yielding of a contest or an overture for restoration. Itmcani fidelity to the su preme law in all futuro legislative, executive and judicial action, and in all future move ments of the people 01 majj. It implies a recognition of duty to, and interest in the whole country, as well as to anil in the State of Georgia. It is of course predicated upon a reciprocal obligation upon thepartof thbc to whom this pledge is rtncwtil. The insti tution of slavery, the fruitful source of -discord in the pat, 1103 been effectually eradi cated from our social and political systems. It can never again difturti the harmony of our deliberations, without which the Federal Union must be a curse instead of a blessing. If the whole people, repressing all prompt ings of sectional .feeling and interest, will faithfully observe and obey the Federal rVo?,iwn rvmilnfr OYfon t a TTt fi V lift tti. Vftil which now covers recent demonstrations of Providence, and disclose- b their rectified vision, in striking contrast, ruin caused by human folly, and renovation wrought by Di vine Wiedom. After weeping that has fn dured through a long night of civil strife. joy may come in the morning of reunion. Let not our people yield to discourage ment In view ol the tardy progress of recon struction, pr of the atwpuion and distrust so nalnably manifested towards them. Sus- : it" . r ,;....7- i .1 cweot over our land. The elements do not subside into their normal quiet Instantan eously with the lull ot tbc wind, the sleep of the lightning atd the liush of the thunder. The smoke of a hundred tattles docs not vanish in a moment. But the atmosphere will clear ere lone: those who cannot now ree how men who fought with such desper ation against the "United Ktates, can so soon become IU real citizens, will thenjook. at m through a rectified medium... It wjll oc cur to them that V alor ana J.ruui arc twin hslcpl corn ui uiaiiuuujuiity. . ? . 1 , . r . ...nliailw. wliiyn "womb Jiever did. nor era will con- t ft ceive treachery- They will then remember, and appreciate the historical tact mat mc i NO. 13. States now returning, never confederated agaim-t the Cnitcd btatcs, until each for hcr selfhad, in open day, anil in. hearing of all mankind, declared herself separated from that Power. And although they will still hold tliat act, wrong jn principle, and void in fact, they -srill find in it no taint of dunliri. ty. They will loolcin vain through all the sanguinary trcuxs of war, for the trail of the serpent, in due time, consistency will com mand ronfiuencc&uid sincerity, like the din. mondofjlic first water, will" assuredly win its own recognition. Then onr toft suspicious udgea will- marvel less at our approved fealty, than at their own tardineKS in discov ering it. Be the process of restoration long or snon, wncu sonsnmmaieit, our attitude will and must be that of strict fidelity to the Union, of equality with our associaton, and ot dignity sustained by an inner sense of unviolated integrity. Turning our attention to the subjects of r-. . , . . . . ... - oiaie administration, appertaining more di rcctly to the service uion which we are en tering-, the mind involuntarily, pauses upon the changed relation between "the Caucasian and African races inhabiting Georgia. How to secure the latter in tho positive cnlovment of the freedom with which they liave been suddenly invested, with the least possible detriment 10 com, is a promcm mil of per plexity, taxing ait the energies of astute, upright intellect. It is believed that the war, bv whom the change has betfvwrought, and who took the initiative of the process, have realized in full force iti exteaive diffi culties. Its solution has been already par tially, and ere long will possibly lie "fullv, devolved upon tbo States more imme diately interoted. and better qualified for the work, bv reason of their great er familiarity with the characteristic traits of the negro, and with the employ menti in which he has been trained, and to which his steady adherence should be encouraged. The transition from slavery to freedom of a large class is not a novel one in American history, In several of the States it has been effected without serious intervention, bv a process w gradual, that no shook has been felt in the labor system no plui'iizicd" im pulse imparted to the liberated class. Uiwn us it has come like tho sudden upheaving, the terrific trembling and the distracted en- gulphing of the earthquake, in volcanic lo calities. But however cflected, and by what ever embarrassments cncumlicred, the fact is accomplished unalterably lixcd. The realization that it is so is the firct sten to wards the proper adjustment of a new Sys tem, and that, 1 am persuaded, is, in its vast magnitude, its tremendous consequences, clearly impressed upon the Southern mind. Any reference, in detail, to the action de manded by the crisis would lie inappropriate to this occasion, and is rendered unneceswirv by tho prudent forecast of the convention recently held, entrusting to five gentlemen equally distinguished for ability, experience and benV Vol Mice, the work of preparing and digesting for your consideration. a svstom or code of laws adapted to the exigencies of the new situation. In it you may iuid valuable aid. I commend it to your serious consid eration. At this time I propose only a reference to prominent points demanding attention, and general principles which should govern our action. And first, I present to you a well merited plea in behalf of the emancipated African. Hitherto the faithful bondsman of the race from whose personal dominion he has just been disenthralled, but upon whose benignity and justice he still depends for protection and advancement, he stands liefbrc yon an object of peculiar interest. Happy in the past bondage, which lightly taxed hfs physical energies, abundantly supplied Jus waujs, as well in infancy an in old age, as in vigorous manhood as well in sickness as in health and "which leaves him at its close immeasurably elevated above tho cotcmpora ry native of Africa, descended from the same ancestry, he looks anxiously to Ids future, and feels that it is still measurably in tho hands of the proprietary race. It is undeni ably true, thai during all the years of his enslavement, lie has leen marvellously quiet, profoundly content with his condition Anil what shall Ihj said of his deportment during the last half decade of sat: memories? Whilst your strong men were in the tented field, far away from unprotected wives and children, he cultivated their lands, tended their households, and rendered all servile observances as when surrounded by the usual controlling agencies. And since the fiat of emancipation, which ho neither forced nor implored, although sometimes unsettled in his purposes, and inconsistent in his scrvico by contract (the natural result of a transi tion so midden and so thorough), I take you all to witness that, in the main, his con duct has been praiseworthy, beyond all ra tional expectation. Tell me not of instances pf ' insubordination as a slave, and of inde corum as a frecdman, that liave transpired in certain localities, or characterized jarticu lar individuals. These are exceptional cases, tho general rulo Icing quite otherwise. Do our own race render unvarying obedience to tlw mandates of law? Are our own off spring, through the years of minority, al ways fitibonlinato to parental authority? Shall, then, the less cultivated African be held to a stricter accountability, or be judged by a higher standard of moral rectitude? Tell me not the race is ungrate ful. The assertion is against tho truth of tradition and experience. I here declare that, in my judgment, their fidelity in tho past, and their decorum under tho distress ing influences of the present, arc without a parallel in history, and establish for them a strong claim upon our favoring patronage. As the governing class, individually and collectively, wc owe them unbounded kind ness, thorough protection, incentives, by moral suasion, by appeals to their interest, and by just legal restraint, to do right, that they may do well. Their rights of person anil property should lie made perfectly se cure so secure that they may realize their freedom and its benefits ; and of it tht-y should lie encouraged ami stimulated to make benefit. To this end the Courts must he opened Jo them, aud they must lie allow ed, in tho assertion and defence therein of their rights in civil and criminal carci, tho testimony of their own race. As essential to their well being, they should be guarded, on the otic hand, against tho crafty maelii dations of the designing; and, on tho ether, apainst the fatal delusion of social and poli tical equality. If t! lere ue any pseudo-philanthropists who are inclined to infuse into their minds this imfricndly delusion, or to preach to us the duty of entering upon this leveling pro cess, let them open their mhsion by taint ing to examples. Assuredly, there pot one to be found beneath the broad expanse of our Constitution. The necessity of subor dination and independence should be rivitcd on their convictious. Such degree of legal restraint as may be requisite to this end, is enforced ujion us, by a sudden change of re lation, originated neither by them nor by us: and, happlv for all parties, it need not con flict with the unvarying observance of the law of kindnea-i, which felicitate intercourse bctwecti cqual't and causes the inferior to recognize in his superior a Ixncfactor. No less able than formerly to till thor nccus- tomed departments of labor, they (hould be made to realize that this is not only compatible with but an indospenMble condition of their altered ttatai. If won to the practice of honcntrsobnety. and industry, they will "be for us the best la boring clas, and wc to them the lxut em ployers, the world can furnish, because of the thorough acquaintance iietwccn the classes. I eak with reference to the present, and the near future. "Were it not divulged tliat, in the changes to be evolved by time, they are destined to attain snch advancement that, In their daily intcrconrfc, they shall look in tho face no superior, all philosophy, other than Iltnnisn -rtMinl vail American nliilntwinh v. as illustrated by practice would anticipate for them an antecedent translation to other climes. Were I so prcsumptnoun ai to pre dict for them such a change. Iioth of condi tion and local habitation, all Southern Amer ican voices would write one loud acclaim "So mote it bo!" But our duty is with the present; and encompassed as it is with diffi culties, I say to you, Caitrane, Senators and .Representatives; resolutely and earnestly es say to surmount them all, UOd u merciful ! God is mighty! God, in his abounding mer cy, and in theplentitudcof his might, so dis pose .our fortticfl and theirs tliat each cIosm sliall be to the other a blessing, not a. curse 1 Jleauage of Gov. I'lcrpolnt. Gov. Pierpont's message is quite lengthy, giving a full account of the conditlbn of the State. He concludes as follows: IttXO.S'STHUCTIOX.WS In ISCdtho Gdrcrmaeftt'oFScHUnitcd States represented Uarty Hfilliota of people, with more educated mind",, accustomed to THE XASKVILI.K BAIXYTJXIOXASDI 'OfEc'e Uahm and AmcrieinBIoclr, rtr Cburoh and Chrry itrcets, oppoiiU tb foil Off ee.) J Daily- TIMS! $i4 cr - 5 00. Weekly 1. .it, Proportionate rates for shorter pcriWJ Subscriptions invariably in advance. ' amamm&mmwn 11 "' " . " ' " " self-reliance and independence of thought i and nation, than wcreerer, thrown together in l one nation. Their prosperity was the won der and envy of the .worlds Om-thini of r, the States, embracing nearly one-half of the lu territory of the nation, conibined'to over- f throw he Government, and appealed to the d Rwordns the arbiter. Some' eight hundred 2 thousand of the people perished in the con- tlict. This "domestic violence" was "sup- v prc$sed,'' and now that the din Of war has Jf ceased, rxl to some extent the passion cn- k gendered by the strife continue, and there- l construction of the Government of these !r States so as to place them in harmonious-ac- i tion with the other States df the Union, is a work of great magnitude: "In this you have f a work to consummate which will" require 10 grca wisdom antl prudence. Upon the di.--porsionof the Confederate army that per- tion of the people of Virginia" who had J? been engaged in resisting the authority of fc the United States declared that they had I ceased from all opposition to the Govern- r ment, and acquiesced in the status m whir U thu imno of the war Jiad placed them that they had renewed their allegiance to tn Govcrnmcntpf-thc lhiitctl 'States, and in tended to keep Ihcir with. The Govin: ment, in great kindness, .accepted the pro fessions in good faith and acted acconlingiv. The acceptance of this "status" was an acceptance of thestnteof nflitirs -winch ex isted under the Gpvcrrtmcnt of tho United Mates, 'lhcelaves of the Southern Stat, e d had been liberated by the proclamation, of y the President; a large national debt had been created to defray the expenses incnrreil in tho suppression of the rebellion ; laws had been pas.ed for the confiscation of the real and tHirsonal estate of all persons who had resisted the Government. These laws benitf under the control of the Presider t. lm has suspended their execution. - Tho libera tion of the slaves is. cordially acqutesred in by the people. I think there ore only two iiuestions now remaining that present diCi- culties in the way of the fullest harmony and fraternization between the sections oiic ti tho paymimtof the national debt, and the other a refusal bv the people of tho Stai . ...i...t r t 1. i'iv "iiuit- i 4iubui wnieu was in rciKl- lion, to pay what is called " tho Confederate lebt," or debts made to aid the rebellion What is now known as the " rebel " Legisla ture of Virginia created a debt for which lionds -were issued amounting to between five and six millions of dollars. A miml r of counties and corporations created debt fi r .. ani imiij-v'.-i., ... wiv fmUtV 'U ) Jill HI, 11 which bonds wore issued to a large amount The prohibition of the payment of these debts is demanded upon the ground that the were created for an unlawful purpobe. in nid of the reliellion, to overthrow theGoviri ment. The Constitution of the State pro hibits the Legislature from making proT..- ion for paying fitch bonds, and requires it also to pass laws prohibiting each county and cortMiration frum paving any debt c n . 11 r.l r .1... .7fc.;ii:.rl. "r.. - i.ilivia ill .nil vi till t im.'1111'll. J.l therefore, the question of the. paymmt i f thene debts by thu State, oc bv counties or coriKir.it ions is settled. It is of tho utmost importance that the people of Virginia shall give a cheerful q -port to the Federal Government in the r.av-' ment'of all taxes .Trussed for the paying tlo notional debt. I regard the repudiation of the national debt as equivalent to the over throw of the Government of the United States. The Government might exist in form or in name after Mich an act, but could not exist in its vigor, honor and selfrespect. and respect in, the eyes ot the civilized world. Such an act would demoralize the nation and paralizo all indn-itrial pursuit:. Confidence both in thu Govcrnmen and in individual honor will be destroyed, and the nation would become a prey to taction nnd to foreign Governments. Individual feeling and prejudice should he discarded. Each man should remember that it is hi duty to act for the benufit of his children and" for posterity that a good Government is ouiri f the greatest blessings he can himself cnjiY, or transmit to posterity. I have Hindu every exertion to restore to each man in the state all tbc rights of a cit izen. I have done this under a high sense of duty to my country. Tho jicople profess ed subordination to the laws, and allegiance, in good faith, to the Government, :tnd I lie Iicve them to bo sincere in thuir professions. I am satisfied that no stato can be governed under a republican form of govrntnent where three-fourth of the people, vmbrae ing the largest tax-payers, aro disfranchised and denied a voice in making or executing the laws of the state. If I have ba-ntris-t.aken as to the honesty and good faith of these professions, thu fault is with them and not with me. Protection nud loyalty aro reciprocal obligations. The man who acti in bad faith to the government under which he lives is not entitled to its protection, or to participate in the management of its af fair; but no long'as he is faithful tho gov ernment Is Wind to exert all its power to vindicate his rights. In this1 spirit I recommended to the last Legislature, at the extra session in June last, to remove the restrictions imposed by the Constitution upon voting and eligibility to office; to .a part of which recommendation the Legislature consented, and submitted tho residue to a voto of tho people to say wheth er you should be clothed with 'conventional jKiwers to remove tho rwtrictions upon hold ing office. In this spirit the loyal people cf the State v6ted to remove the restrictions. and I hope that in a like spirit you will re move the olistaclu in thu way of taking their scats by those who have been elected to the General Aw embly by the people with the reasonable exjiectntion thut the restriction.! would bo removed. "Your action at the present semiou will have much to do witli the futuro of Virginia. If it shall be marked by broad, libera,!, en lightened patriotism, looking to the building dp of the great interest of our beloved Commonwoalth, cultivating fculings of kind ness aud fraternity, you will achieve a great work. If, however, your deliberations shall bo distnrlied by factious and party animtiHi ticx, and your policy narrow nnd" illiberal, you will throw a gloom over the future of the State that will not disappear for a gen eration. I ask your forbearance for tho length of this communication. I assure yem there is much yet to be said. I fervently implore tho blowings of Divine Providence on your de liberations, hoping that kindness and wh ilom may distinguish all your action. ituspoctfully, F.II. Piekpost. nicilimiRO lii Iteprreiilntloii. The Washington correspondent of the St. LonU JiepuLtiean, in speaking of tho protiosed change by the radictits in the Fed eral Constitution, mi that representation in the House of Itcprcscntativtx shall depend iqion the number of voters, imtesd of tho number of ieople, fays: "This thing of representation in Congrc:! will work beautifully in Maryland, fur in stance. There, less than onc-fiflh of tho jieoplo are voters their 'registry law' ex clude tho. other four-fifths wh'ito in tho State of Maj-uchucUs no such 'regktrv' ex ists. Hence .Massaehusttts will retain her representation in C'ongre, while Maij land will lone font-fifth of hers, thu giving to MartsachtueltH an undue preponderance .n CongrcM and further aid hr in class legis lation, for her exclusive bvnefit. Your own State, if the Drake 'registry' law pAfef, will probably wince your present 'nine' honor ablcii to "three," or less; and your last elec tion in St. Loiih would indicate her In nu sense equal to Chicago, ami compel the linking of tho Empire City of the West with some ten or fifteen counties in the elec tion of one member of Congress. The beau tiful project Is so jiopular that several ieek the honor of its paternity. Do you ask me where are the conservative members while all this is going on ? Iho anmrers, vheref The onljr reason of this pot Kchemo is to drive tho South into negro sufluragc, or eh catlw theni to 1o-hj a large portion of their Iteprcscntativcs in Congress. It U a miser- abb: abolition dodge to effect a hateful measure, tliat is worthy of general contempt. It holds out a bribo to tho Statar to take negroes, in one hand, antl in th other it carries a roil to punish them, if they rcftwe. The Hichmond Whig of yesterday says: "A terrible disaster occurred cn tho Eouthside railroad, near Lynchburg, on Friday last. It iwoms ttiat the trcstln of a Krtion of the bridge iii procew of cumtnic tioit over the-James river gave-way, causing the falling of twOjKpaiw of the ttructure, tho .ruins crushing tho workmen- engaged nj oa that part of tho work. Mr.T. C GarrifU, road master,, and a -Sir. Horry were killed, and twenty-three ticraon-i were more or less bidlv wounded. Two peworu had each a. leg broken. The others had flwb woupd. Mr.Girrisorr was a citizen of Peter bar& ind hi remains were taken to that place for burial." k". 1