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J* 0kwa
sum Vqs
IAL. *.s
SS"lnrrw4 the haun em awlap
ow a t inttdenn, infer the' un;
Mini. and bi, 4vota mad SaeIshig witp,
FaINrs btae lathe' torad that ber
Or~beu hammek ow
!Mbees mtde V t~s ttw d rves.
tie N t tmeh eeg. t. hee
1 to ae=lr w
5Shuh wi.h she at wwsbe
p a S ne ultatae e t ht ae a d ;
r mwash aWI beonalu this g and v. :
. bhekwuried a"fmwariIt s rap Yad
"uto hýtammek seaer heb Vee~t
I - ShItmId
mai.Y~rl ubfulkrdro~;~; U
And b r1eIb vas5 es t ter to
ai arr~urll tt u
tlla M 11b u rP mod- ftusL
aria .o. akM.M.S atP W,
DI. h haw'mmek 18ir41 thHa
* (LYENUlINUU3~ dim. O~
sw liwio Maimsm lyla .e et1 the
ý d lb Iqhh .i Commodore
uatlmo Tu·b Ilr bis um arud to
lhmsues q h poris ths, Ammurlas
oow pn.a wLtb i bd . r U l uocld op
iscmGshs isv he Thous im.
It vas a nsmrthat Oommu.I
dot, somuamisi, but fte was a bsury
o.., wrelI tterm sad mamud; md .s
weild lb Ws Tamamba."b"u
tie dulta, wholsh so msq had s
adved him them rabse r to ma
" taeuq wussaldovwafr+om
t vo h t bs oIWwtint Nftha
vs ada f ruact aiPm
he~hk ON! Trkwths-gLskb
w ig.ot samuate the
Jnd far threes, what would
b 0ow to ordl to got
at mom---mrrrlb4.h~
veem ws daeed from
,w a d lad sre atteam hd bee
de ~r, wlw rwrrotlwtrlrrbomhnsW
wamgw "` a wors qa. The
_ R ~st!~albswhd --Aa rd thsmis
~enter hi ar, a"dioisppsd p
ir suain.'. das t admapptoohsd
K. ~ Mwa wil del
is arga hapemive touts.
.sw tlrbad e r l son mpod
46~ ft. l"CI/ P --r
bý.b~a at~h psre+ay
Y t u sa h s o e s e towh ir . u u 1
# aZbtu d wpP aist1reshw
U_ tea, I ahaswr (0
aIwNº104 a bsh tu *t
I1L
uruu,~ A *o~r
f~cnrl~rr) Ylolbs
i ~Ckrr W~r ui ~inLl~prin
"rllr~rp-stie
r,"~4~?'qtl~oalrorw, Jrlr p
a'tW wbIihethearwuponthdesek
I rt Ia teomp t e.
"Om edop" mid Carte, with a
mnrukable die e arneetumY Ia
hi, rmaser, " is 'oan trned laP"
"I rathe thik a," aMid TIIker,
looking at the opt,* Look ou,
look out, Cartr! Wy, man alive,
you're two lint to the south'ard of
your orm.
" Blow mt sao m," said the man,
brlngnthe helm samartly port "Bat
myd you ooo hln peooo.
liar abot the old a'mma P
eedbo see ? i Iter.
uSo I a, Commodore, ' so I am
about the soa, too. WOFldn't t be
well for yoa au Ito overhaul it'
"hbaw! y 'eaac soared a a child
"No, mat bit. Jist hark a bit. That
'omen ain't no 'oman."
The Commodore o eed the
ame of his satanY la the most
"lt's~ t trate COomodomre-Ipr.
tadd thel was apider on her haSir,
and I rabbed a dagla her face.
IBy Ua if&waa't a rough and
earded a h n You see, she
told me asew 'dlet the boom jibe If
I didn't look out. I bowed there was
no bma there, ad so I tried her. Call
oMMbaL I the wheel and let's go and
ooo a tLht coas."
The Commodonrwasawoderkruck by
what be had heard, but, with a calm
ol mid l othat made him what
hewaee ooollyt lhinking. Ia
Mw minutes he aliledoneof the men
aft to relieve Carter, aad then went
down to look fter his passeager. The
ltter had turned In and seemed to be
sleepa. Tucker returned and took
Caer one aide.
" No alse now, Carter; follow me as
t6houhthlng had happened."
The two pproached the main batch
and top to rae It, when Dan's
hand to d a small ball that seemed
to havbeen pinned up aunder the break
t the hatbh.
"It's abel of twine," said he.
*Don'ttooh it but r and get a
lantera," repied Tuker.
Carter r to obey, and when he
w eturned a of menhad gathered
bom MA th p. The hath wa raised,
d thbe 0ommodem prelully diie p
the ball of twland a oul d t lwas
made fat to something below. He de.
mened to the hold, ad tbe he onad
that th twae ran a beneath the lid of
the oda. He had nodoubtln hlamlnd
now that the was mashlel bonedup
below, and me Carter for rc .
that might ewerr ar arwdir.
The man n ornea with a stout
knh, asath Commo gh work.
b r ls o k o ut fo r a s t in g. a
rt hleg the seews wars oat and the
Mv erymth.b d r ma a -
"gree God In aal si" b the
"I how'd It," muttered Dan.
The two mea stood for a moment
san gaaed l th eooa. The was
Sodead man there, butla plae thereof
wasmateeual r the death ofa amoo.
The one w e. tr.o wih power
ad INohwo, upon ligthtr wr
In the eter we arranged our
all oekad, anda th e n
edn from uwbio m a te with
do mwas catl hr water, and when it
1st. the Infelrsn ectrivance
t habeated more freely.
altred, has leaped
Commodore thetr oade 1at. the
e*b*walrn Sp t the buak where
outhe uo Ilor. wearer
pemenge mdrew a
dlaeiwer ei en at aleth
thatib hi been hbwhbis
hrInlq oife nejl atl
his urometed
on~
h the vesmse-r-g Ca. l c
ad (el eaNmst
The bamous, mas hotaM
rib A gtem seal lel s peopl. ,
lItIn l M `she (sword publo sna.
lag town) sloar the valley of the Rio
Grande and its Tbuty sttrmam. Their
houses are built dobe, comfort and
proceeion from the elements, and also
frum their hostile neighbors, being par
amount objects in their location ad
oetruction. Their rooms are kept
reasonably clean and quite a neat home
like appearance surrounds their habita
tions. The people are rather under
medium sase, compactly built, with
quite ark complexions, even for In
disas, with open, frank countenuances,
and rarely presenting ay appearanoe
of disease. The dress of the men con
sists of white cotton or olioo shirts,
heavy cotton trousers, wide and reach.
ing below the knee, buff lather leg
gings and moccasins of buckskin; a
striped Mexican blanket, and either a
common soft hat or colored handker
chief for a head covering complete the
outfit.
The women wear a long shirt of cal
ico or white cotton reaching to the
knees, over this a shroud or pettiooat
from the waist to the knees, and from
the knee to the ankle their calves are
covered by s wrapping which is made
of buckskin, called by them gramoosa.
It is wrapped round and round very
carefully until the limb is of the same
size from knee to foot and of quite
round dimensilon, the size of men's
trousers of the present day. This wrap
ping terminates in a neat moccasin, and
is evidently designed to be the principal
female charm, in presenting the appear.
tnce of a small and .neat pedal extrem.
itS. Very little paint is used by either
of the sexes and but few ornaments of
any description.
The government of each town con
sists of a Cacique, who is chief officer
of Church and State, Priest of Monte
sums and Director of the temporal aft
fairs of the town. The Cacique, aided
by the thiee principals selected by him,
appoints the Governor and all the odli
cers. The Governor is appointed for
one year, and is the executive officer of
the town. Nothing can be done with
out the order of the Governor. The
oSoe is purely honorary, but the honor
does not oease with his term of ocle,
as he then becomes a principal man,
ani he may again become Governor by
reappolntment. The ex-Governors com
pose "a council of wise men and are
the constitutioial advisers of the Gov
ernor." The agueil (Sherfl) attends
to the pollee dutiee, under orders of the
Governor. The iscal (Mayor) attends
to the religious oeremonies. A Captain
de Is guerram (war Captain), with his
(ptains and Lieuteants h no duties
to perform except in case of war. They
are a timid, modest, industrious people,
who desire peace with all mankind
above all things; pr tive in their hab
Its, relying t entirely on their own
resources. They have never cost the
Government any consideable amount,
and with reaonamle protection, with
education and time, my become useful
citiens. They have gardens, vineyards
and fields snfoleni to supply their
wants. They have herds of cattle,
sheep, orses and burroes to supply all
their needs. In cultivating their ground
the crooked woed wod detlk has given
way to the steel plow, and after two
hundred years (sine the yoke of the
tyrant was laid upon their necks) the
era of progress seems again to dawn
upon them.--Alberquerque Herald.
How to Live Long.
We have, to a greatextent, the power
of prolonging our lives. Living by rule
and obeyig nature's simple laws may
seem very irsome to people at first,
but dolg mso soon beoome a habit, and
Sblese habit, andone that tends to
happieglr, to oafort and to length of
aglar in your hours of ettin
up in the morning and goin to rest at
nlht. but you ea not easi be so ua
Syes m y ~a lar your g8bof-.day
Ills. The dmiefo that you lle down
for m any h out od the trwenty.
four does not prove that you have s
msre'r A, a Uttl pepatlion of
bt bedyiam nd is nedt enable
s to eJo sound ad refreshing sleep,
sad o S.ortio by.moalg to 5m-
l suooesse y with the events ,f
notler day. o mnot forget that dul
bledem s osdlitiomt but exoftement
enmse sabw. eo to the ocpllries
of that val mags sd i pyouretire to
set blol ir a te down ytw
Slitle ilkel to fall Into 1 h
slumber. Iineed. It witl nla rob
thm but ems shou l oget ltoe a
hbf Motbi able to or o sr with
**'s .eostl e pa4 al devotar the
ming to oIraat kitn inoai._
as g nevalhy a aphi tgevaty.ag
sud
S h yd mpp.tso
eb nlM aph.
bh55M,, s
I1eY say very many people-often
thean comm a grave errorin this waf :
ithy down to table and eat, whether
they be hungry or not. Sit down to
table by all means; but if ,you have lit
tie appetite, If the stomph tells you it
needs rest, let It have it, and eat but
very sparingly indeed.
But a person not only desires to live
long, but to retain his faculties and
senses; how, then, are we to do this?
Why, by exercising them regularly, but
never to the verge of fatigue. Take
the eyesight, for instance. Would you
preserve it? Well, do not forget that
to a great extent that beautiful optical
Instrument, the eye, is presided over by
muscles which not only alter its direc
tion, but even its focus; the eye, then.
that is used not only to read small print
but to discern objects at a distance, is
the one that, apart from the dimness
incidental to old age, is likely to last
the longest. And the same may be
said of the ear. Acuteness of hearing
may be cultivated in youth by civilized
beings just as it l~. by savages; and
where it is so, it is seldom lost till ad
vanced old age. This species of aural
exercise, however, is out of the ques
tion in towns. But wherever one lives,
the organ of voice can be cultivated and
exercised. Music of all kinds, and taze
practice of singing especially, are great
aids to health, happiness and longevity.
Meunta exercise is favorable to long
life, and even under adverse circum.
stances a man with a well-trained mind
will live longer than a lout; the former
has soinethiun toi fall back upon, the
latter depends entirely on external im
pressions. I think that Euclid and
algebra should be (within bounds) as
much studied by girls as by boys; even
the puzzling out of anagrams, riddles,
enigmas, etc., should be encouraged,
and above all original composition and
the writing of verses.
Thousands of people annually ruin
their constitutions by simply swallow
ing too much medicine. It may seem
a strange thing for a medical man to
say, but it is nevertheless a fact. It is
a dangerous thing to fly with every ail
inent to the medicine chest. The use
of tonics, unless under medical advice,
should be discountenanced; a tonic is
sharper than a two-edged sword; it is
a tool that needs to be used with cau
tion.. There are now, 1 am sorry to
say, some aerated waters coming into
use which contain the strongest min
eral tonics, that are apt to accumulate
in the system with the most disastrous re
sults.They should therefore not be drunk
ad libitum as to quantity, or without
guldanoe as to quality.
Rest should be taken with great reg
ulamtp. I have already spoken of noc
turnal rest, but one day i seven should
be set apart for the complete rest of
both body and mind. Independent of
this, all who can afford it should take
an annual holiday. Traveling is cheap,
and two week's or a month's relaxation
from care and business can not make a
big hole in the purse of one who works
well all the rest of the year, and knows
how to economize time. Innocent
pleasure and wholesome recreation con
dnee to longevity. All work and no
play sends Jack to an early grave.
Recreation is to the mind and nervous
system what sunshine is tothe blood.
A Physician, in Harper' Weekly.
Beprdaetlms of Malaria In Animls.
Malaria In its widest and perhaps
best Interpretation merely means bad
sir, and in that sepse is one of the
most active and prevailing sources of
disease. But marsh air and the air
coming from pure and simple vegeta
ble decomposition are generally under
stood when we speak of the anses of
malaria. Marsh gas, or light carbu
retted bydrogen, will not produce fever
and agne; neither will sulpharetted hy
drogen, which is often combined with
It. RBut the vapors arising from marsh
sad duammed up pond waters are found
to contain portions of aquatic plants,
also spores of fungi in great abundance,
a membranous andgelatinoous substance
often called noetoc, also lifusorial mol
lusks, and other things.
But wears no longer in doubt about
th emase of malaria. Professors Klebs
sad rudlli have sucoeded ln prduo
tion of watery extrt from marshy
soil. They have alsoisolated the active
materisdal, wholh the true generator of
teU dirsae, and suppoe it to be a liv
lag organism. The -fag bme4ll makwiw
are small rods, from one two-thou.
sadth to one seven-thousandth of a
millimetre in lent whioh row into
ogtwsbted . Theouu is
la·edl, '* -tthat is, air is
x-cluded It dies. The lnjeotion this
rie to symptos of intermittent fever,
with enarg t of the spleea; ad it
I poeble to predme in rabbit malea
rio Ieiotcion of ever form that is
known in mea.--(r. N F. un.
-Said MrUs. Smith, who had come to
spend the day, to little Edith, " Are
ou.S glad to e me again, Edith?'
dith-"Ye. a'm and mamma's ald,
tool" Mrs. Sith-"Is she' " it
-" Yes m'm;ahe said she hoped you'd
come to-day, and have it over with."
Mamma blushes aearlet, but Mrs. Smith
-lanxsw England when a man is
Sdas t-o. oh up hI aose;" in Kan
so oglhnsap for all that's
#4w the Msaheo has the
.psralA di Ommaha M s "on it
t ' lnjun;" in Denver he
" la aJft l too mreeh;" n Che.
M ~ dufer's gotln i l the nec k"
ad ln leadville "the galoot's on a
. iians m uot named Looke,
"m u Inissn ola cornd e of the
oosdme&ee hdis 1)-year.old
rltha tthe s Iosto r yb
Sright n thi heart of the
mud eloped with him.
9P married men came to
com2n lad., the other adand
i ghdt o to to to us
E ~itkt bhpit wla
The First Diseverers of Petroleum.
It seems tq be now pretty conclusive
ly established that long before the dis
covery of petroleum in this country
started the enormous speculation in oil
wells which culminated ten or fifteen
years ago. mineral oil had been ob
tained in Galicia, and its value as an il
luminating a.eut deo uonst rated. Though
we were the first to bring it prom
Inently betorQ the world, and to intro
duce it into general use, we must sur
render to Galhcia tieo honor of having
lirst found out that mineral oil could be
made to supply fuel for l:mpl.
An Austrian mining engineer. Herr
Heinrich Walter, haslately contributed
to a scientific publication of his coun
try two papers, in which lie presents
proofs gathered with the most patient
industry, and male so complete that
we cannot dis'egard them, to show that
so far back as the early part of this
century petrolenm was obtained by two
miners of Galicia, distilled, and success
fully employed for iltuninatinm pur
poses. They were Josef Hecker and
Johann Mitis, and they found the min
eral oil between 1810 and 1817 in the
neighborhood of 'i ruscovich, where
they were working sulphur and lead
ore. The first mention of distilled pe
troleum occurs in the report of a law
suit which took place in the latter year.
In the same year "naphtha and mineral
oil," probably distilled and raw petro
leum. were formally tested by a com
mission organized by the Mayor of
Prague. The account of the, trial in
the municipal records declares that
"naphtha possesses great advantages,
both as regards economy and intensity
of light. Accordingly the Mayor or
dered a supply of the oil of Hecker. to
be delivered withi[. a specified time,
but the mater;al came too late and was
refused.
Nothing more was heard of petroleum
until 1838, when it is mentioned as a
mineral product in the account o, a
mining action at Starunia, and in the
same year it was decided that the oil
came under the classification of miner
als subject to a State royalty. Little
revenue, however, was received from
that source, the product of the wells
being used for wagon grease only. Pe
troleum was thus neglected until 1853
or 1854, when a man named Schrciner
accidentally discovered its value as an
illuminating agent, and as such it be
gan to attract scientific attention in
Austria. But before it had been
brought into any use otherwise than
experimentally, the discovery of pe
troleum in this country occurred. Then
the product, which had been neglected
in Galicia for nearly half a century,
was speedily made known to the whole
world as a cheap and admirable illumi
nating agent, and it soon became one
of the most important articles of com.
merce. Moreover, it was an American
or an Americanized German, named
Toeh, who gave the first impetus to the
petroleum trade of Austria. He had
learned his business at our oil wells,
and, arriving at Vienna, at once taught
the refiners at Borgslaw how to make
their industry profitable.
Hence, even if we must give to Ga.
liela the credit of priority in the discov
ery of petroleum, we shall allow it only
an empty honor, for we were the first
to bring the product they neglected,
and with whose value they failed to ac
quaint themselves, into general use
as an illuminating agent, and to make
it one of the staple articles of com
merce. It was from us, too, through
Toch, that Austria learned how to util.
ise the oil of the Galieian refiners. The
question of first discovery is acording
ly more interesting than important.
" ew They Parted."
A new song is entitled " How They
Parted." We have not read it, but no
doubt they parted in the usual way
abont two a. m., after kissing erich
other "good night" at least thirty
seven ties. "Well, I guess I must
go," he says, with a sigh, about two
bours before hedoes go. Then, after
pnother half hour's eonversation about
one thmlag sad anoiher, he presses her
hand with much pressiveness, says he
realy must go, and-lovingly lingers
another half ieur. Then he rays he
didn't know it was so late; picks up
his hat sad moves toward the door,
wher e eputs his arm around her to
prevent her from falling in a swoon,
and kissmes her live minutes in one inn
ing, sad-still lingers Then he gives
her one more kiss just for luook, and re
lutsatly steps down and out into the
black, loneaome night, and calisaronad
the next nigt That is howtheypsrted
eaurs so-af we have not been misln
mohwn&-Norfor Hrd.
Packing Eggs.
Thre is a mode of pacliang eg by
whiek they may be afely carrid ta
disacs anad over rough roads, with
out any damage. And there is another
mode bywhlc haIlf of them may be
very asly broken. The secret jies in
srolid pakag, with an elastie masterial
between thelryes. We have watched
many barreels eggs opened without a
aingle broken one In them; and mmy
.badly packed, which we would not
have handled had they been'given to u.
for nothing. The pror mode of
packing, either in barres, boxes, or
basket, is to place first a layer of long
hay or straw three inhobes tlck in the
bottom. On this scatter an inch of
eat bay or straw,or chaff of oats, or
wlaateer packing Is ued; then place
th eggs on their side, not touching
each other, and when the layer is cou
plet, spread over them and between
te eat stog or chaff two inches deep.
Press this down gently with a piece of
boardn ad put another layer or eggs,
takling eare that they do not touch
eamb other.--noesange.
A. Clervert Ca terla tri.
A young ma In- the neighborhood
had ta'en up 160 acres of land, built a
how, upo lt, barn..bord wells, dun
4ltbe.awn,;it--iest',and in an _
t hundrds of dollarsUapon i It
l todbe a dry seaso, and the
failed. He beame discouraged,
doUehld hs cstam sad improveappots
et rwlleos t.e yous g ldy ave
hifi $1!ilor hls right, title iad interest
i the Jiiab evqrything on it. She
feed. The iaots roqie4 sad scaLtered
Eq wiater':n esae, aid with
em came the youtser cop, which
matured ad hau jhn cut, yieldiang
twelve bushels per acre m :120 acres.
Sh1 will elear a least 1,600, besides
havinag the land and the mhaprovemients.
-To I pshtty dgo girl Sydney
Smith once gid; *'oo ever refleet
how yaou pasyoaur-ife ! yo live to
be sevent-two, whin 1 yen may,
so3.iAlen r thy r yers a tille 4
.si ear, shiopilg an three jesri
m1a~relug.."
FOREIGN GOSSIP.
-In England any one offering a re
ward for stolen property saying that
"no questions will be asked," is liable
to forfeit $250 for every such offense, to
any common informer who chooses to
sue for it.
-In Paris there is an association of
ladies who collect subscriptions for
what they call lea paucres honteunss,
people who are in real want, but who
are too proud to beg. Cases are brought
before the committee of the association
by the cleryv and others. and the nmn
ey subscribed is exceedingly well em
ployed.
-Miss Wilberforce, the Indianapolis
adventuress, who has been illustrating
the romance of crime in the English
courts, and who is now unler indict
ment for perjary, is thirty-two years
old and very good-looking. She was
attired in court very effectively in black,
with great simplicity, but at the same
time elegance.
-The Infanta Eulalia of Spain, a lass
of seventeen summers, and an Austrian
Archduke, a beardless boy, brother to
Queen Christina of Spain, are reported
to have fallen in love with each other
during the recent visit of the Archduke
to the Court of Spain. They Will soon
be married, and Spaniards and Aus
trians are expected to make much ado
about the young people on the occasion.
--A; the Windsor review the white
costume of the Princess Royal shone out
conspicuously by the side of the Queen,
her mother,and she received a fair share
of the obstreperous greeting which
bailed the royal carriage on its first ap
pearance on the grounds. The Princess
has altered little in face since she left
England. Her figure alone has ex
panded from the slight and elegant slim
ness of the Princess Victoria, the Rose
of England, to the more portly and re
spectable dimensions generally assumed
toward middle age.
-Lady Burdett-Coutts is said to have
made an amicable settlement with her
relatives concerning her fortune. "Since
her marriage," says Olive Logan, "she
has lived in more costly fashion than
ever before. The dinners she has given
in her Picadilly residence have formed
a marked feature of brilliancy of this
season, and they have been attended by
persons of very high standing in the so
cial world, though British royalty has
held aloof. The slight is all the more
marked, as in former times there was
no subject in all the kingdom whom the
Queen loved more to honor than Bur
dett-Coutts. As for Mr. Bartlett, every
one agrees that he is the soul of chival
rous devotion to his kind wife, and she
seems delighted with her handsome
American husband."
-The case of a London girl who mar
ried a Frenchman residing temporarily
in that city illustrates the danger which
those American women run who angle
after French husbands. This wife was
quickly deserted. She followed her
sponse to Paris and was turned from his
door. She sought redress in the courts,
and learned that her marriage, though
regular and legal in England, was void
in rance, because the consent of her
husband's parents had not been ob
tained; By the Code Napoleon a youth
is never wholly his own master. He
cannot marry up to twenty-five without
the consent of his father and mother, it
living, or a family council if they are
both dead. But even if parents bring
no objection a Frenchman marrying
abroad under twenty-flve and wit ou
the regulations prescribed can go into
court and ask to have the marrriage an
nulled, sad no French court can refuse
it, because it is considered that until he
is twenty-five he is a minor, )mnd there
fore not oompetent to make the con
How Freight Tnains are Handled.
A wildcat train used to be the dread
of railroad men. Now every freight
train on a great many roads is awildcat.
Yet it rnns with more safet to itself and
to other trains than when it used to be
time-tabled. It starts out when it can,
and thereafter runsor lies still on sidings
under orders received at the stations.
This state of affairs has been brought
about by the increasing use of and de
pendence on the railroad telegran
lines. But to secure safety, thi tele
gyaph must be eked out with the flag.
• engineer can be communicated
with onyby flag oar anter. Tele
chm cmmunicto stops at the ste
Three years ago every flagman on
the Erie Railroad was summoned to the
Superintendent's office, and there made
to show whether or not he understood
the rules of the road as to flamging
trains. If it was foound thathe did un
derstad them, he was aIlow~d to ,go
back to work after signing a statement
that he understood them. It is said by
road officlis that this proceeding so im
Pressed the fagmen withthe importance
of their dute that there has neversince
been an aoident caused by a fagman's
careleses, such as was aid to have
eanused the accident at Rye, an the New
faven Railroad. There are four whistle
signals. One whistle, continued for
about e seconds, dictes that brakes
must be ~touned on to top the train.
Two whistles is the signal to let off the
brakes. Three whistles is the signal
that the,,..raia is about to be
backed, and asim for the flSagman to
Sgo Iu . hether thitrain is backed
or not, mad under any and all circum
stanOes, the flisagman mist lekve the c
boore of a freight train or the rear car
of a passepger train and hasten back
three-quarters of a mile or a mile in
readiness to stop any trainsthat may be
approaching. He must stay there until
be has stopped an approaching train or
until he hears the signal to come back.
This signal is four whistles.
When the engineer has given the si.g
nal for the flagman to coeme in it by no
means follows that the train must wait
for him. The flagman gets back if he
can. If he can not he must follow on
the next train he can get. His flag is a
pas on any train. Sometimes, when a
fog lies on the Jersey meadows, an
Erie train comes in with only the engi
neer and eonductor in charge of it, ev
ery other employee having been left be
hiad witla flag
The signal for the fagman to go backi
must be given by the engineer every
time thetridn stops, unless it be at one
of Its replar ltsaons and ontime. If
it is noton time, a flagman mut be
whistled back. More than this, when
ever a train stops, except st a station on
.tlm the lagman must go back, wheth
we he bears the signal to do sow ornot,
he mts tay tbere nt he gaet the
Stotreturn to the train, Ill-does
bat a signal to eturn, he meus stay
a on the tractk until be stopsl train.
The theois that if a Sagmardoes his
o-naligaldist i ims acie Q thie nu
merous traight trains only twoare now
scheduled, and it isad tatthis is a I
mere orm, since it is f
they should run on time. TheInjj%
eras rule of the road asto to e
of trains not carrying seg
right of way shall ewa rgs be
stock over all other freight.
All freight trains may be sai to
run under the eye of a train diu7to
f whose business is to study-the
r sheet. This is a very large
sheet of cardboard, on which th
3 graphed time at which every trai
t the road p:tsses a station is Put don
soon as it in re'eiv:d Ti u she
- f'rms him 111 t whh, e - e tr sheet in.
" , train ran
-ning on the road at any givean Vti
Some roads make their train di
s ers out of the telegraphers in the
patcher's office. It has been the
of the New York, Lake Erie & ly
SRailroad, however, to make the
of conductors, on the principle that
dispatcher ought, in case of an aecie
or other disIinrbance in the runinni
trains, to be able to call up to mind ea
cry inch of the road, with every site
and siding, where the loneg ast tir
stretches, and where it is mpossible t
make good time. He must know wB
to lay up an unimportant:reght ,
and where to stow a stockrsinte ,
rarilv, so that a passenger traa
lose no time, if possible, and the sto
train shall lose as little time as po. ,
In such a juncture the dispatchhr p
no time to plan. All stations are oti.
fled of the dibturbance, and every mno.
3 ment comes a statement from aen
t them that such or such a train istt
and waiting;for orders. Only onebr
can do the work, and a man who h
r not in mind a vivid picture of the road
such as a conductor has, would
3 himself at a disadvantage. Thereis
t record of the orders sent out by the di
- patcher in the Erie office in case of
- accident severalyears ago, showing tsu
frequently during a period ofel
Shours the dispatcher sent out as m
as three telegraphic orders aUml.
The object is to keep asmany of
important trains moving as'posstble"
The train dispatcher must alwNays
at his post, and must always, dedde
quickly. In the Erie office there sa
three of them, each one on duty uiuh
hours a day.-N. Y. Bun.
----~
Seeing the qaee..
London sees the Queen v1aer,
The other day a small paragrai
papers announced that Queen Vcte
would take a special train fromWi'nda
at 4:15 and reach Paddi'gtolqgtatio
about five; that she woult diive fe.
thence to Marlborough House sad t.
tend the gade party given in her BhoR
by the Pnnce of Wales. A little befo
five that evening I walked down dti
shady side of Pal Mall ad loined t
tremendous crowd athe furthse 4
that street of clubs. For half .4a Wn
down the center of the treetled.p.
lice keeping in line the g
ages of the nobility who wereufortn
r enough to have initatioma Sl
I lawn party. By means of a l
use of cheek and elbows, I tomaysdl
get along to the front rank dii
worked my passage along anil les
to the iron railing of the mansio jt
east of Marlborough Roose. At gret
rish of tumltng owr lnto the.a be.
lowI seoret precariouur pa - t1
aforesaidiaaling, andobttipeS·. .º
[ didview over the headslf therowud dm
the open spsoe of Marl o uig
through which the stream 'o aurages
" Oh, but you awa't A a t ye
know," he cried,
"Oh, butI cawn, mo ,"u I t
swered, and the result ~ieithat I
could, although the sat wua Wom
fortable as the one the" ki4&insi0d
footmai probbly wanteto m sm
I with. I take tis method
edging my indebtedness tii'ifttho.
matic lackey for the amurasmlhsd
forded me by strivingl be dem
cerowd to attract the ott thsde.~
liceman to my Ilvatpe otsd~Ia s
I don soclety. Thet Jhlksn,
had smnchu ies oaulsi Miie to t
Sthat moment witlh s etloauaer
and perslst mob.
After quite aswhileof uazio
around the corner ga & opeh qil *
witghold aid o ito&etr b rsmsme
the fora hofe I ndtthaili W
sam secaed theresn lIatWY Ib5
in.Califoisa comes i. To ..
h ardl call.it alBritish c heM, 8
SAre ~hi s was the t Not
round lase, with ItssmOoiti ,
slightly silvered hadiry Bu the s o
of the liouth were dra doAra.
expression of almost stern &
ian the eyes, that loqiestid stir bu
fixedly ahead, there ls t
of a recognition of tieheertl'heter
ed her. There was a stolid, assy31eS
thetic appearance about the fitin y
seemed to indicate that her Majet/
cared very little whether her loyal
jects cheered or not. . " : : '"
Into the g ates diapead ral
carriage, followed by the fD
horsemen and another carriage th
ladies in waiting. There is a rei 4
muie from witsian , the interrptoa,
cession of carriages now inoYr o
and the crowd diasolve--"Leke Shat s
in the Detroit Free PreePss.
Bicycles.
The best nglisbh bicycle co5stW 8O
to $150, while American make5sSq
as good, will not cost more than $110or
6i11. The cheapest bireyci for boys
cost $12 to $16. There are three. h
dred and thirty-one different styl .
bicycles, so experts say, now sutivi m
use. The bicycle of 1881 is the 0
blued tproduc of the ideas of foulr'
nations. Of the six ideas which awre
Imstrated in the various compolne•t
arts, Frapce has contributedW 0w "
the biest to soeomplish the ote ."
wise liptisible febt of tireanag up h
2d erubeirtehs also been_ ,aPtll
f -u'tld' 'af tlad wheels of dogef1~M'
and other vehicles.-Pstlsburgh co~"
uasrcil.
