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o DAY OF THE SCROOHER j RIG OH BIG VESSELS f ho w, tike has chaxgsd the ORIGINAL LATEE2.' TO MODERN" SAIL. One Weakness of Schooner Rij Which Still Keeps the Square Bij in Use Frean Watr Vessels. t In MKknt Owe ail craft were Jatwn JripBHiI rip tiD te and iractkl ,Mk for smfl rebels tbHB vnfitted far1wflb A fcrtK pnw farmer tH chane! ia fhaf lesiajr a . mwiB Jriaw: "from Its forward end. wMcfa allowed tbe yard to riso from Lh deck. Jn tfcfc Mas of der4opai?nt it ha" becom the aul now utM on Malar praac and pirogue. Thw jmsha1 awl the lonp, aleader yard fbort&wl to a r,MMtll epir. tfc mil recehed more bolxt the IormU whs ewrfved. Krom ttoif will gprons two Ow'sqttare AH of lb Vlkiuz ship and.' Utr. tbe naaw4i. though familiar, form oA a lb princiiM hail of MjliPOMra aad ieop the first best, in rootling before the wind, the other best ' in larking tbe gqaare Mil obtainm? var in lan? tumms from its convenience of huWliMS aloft, the schodner mil until lately relecated to small craft Itnemam of iu twinzin? psff left the upper and after corner of the sail uitfwtniiDd by auytbin;: but the after Imcfc, or "de. A vary Jars? sail of this, imtteni could twt be handled with ca ordinary crew ami a series of small sails, Kt ooe above the other, could not be controlled by any system of searins. Hence the continuance of the square rig in larse vck4s lone after seamen knew that a .schooner could head two points cJbmt to tbe wind than a ship, was and more easily handled in all IKtjdtifO'i except dead before the wind, and was much cheaper to equip and maintain. For this reason, however, the schooner lie was combimd with the square when practicable. Small Bhips became barks, small barks became harkentines, the brig evolved into the bripintine, which i now adopting the better features of the toiNwil whooner and the topsail schooner atavittically sent down hor yards and rolcped into the parent type. Ittit in apite of the advantage gained in siwd, convenience and economy, the gradual drift toward the schooner ris lws Inren held in check by the undisputed wemwity of diviam? a large sail area into jmrts small enough to le handleil ami irhap. by the one strong iwints of the square ric safety in running before a heavy gale and sea. Brigs and IojkhjI schooners have jilxjut toured but sliijw, lmrks, barkentiues nml brigantines are still leing launched, and it will so continue until ship owners and builders realize the superiority of the one craft yet designed which can with a large ship in bad weather the schooner, with its five, sis or seven short masts supporting an aggregate sail area equal to that of a ship and but two stories high within . easy reach of the deck. This tpye of vessel can be built as large as tlie largest ship; it can be man-aged In half the men required aboard the more complicated square-rigged craft : it can take to the high sea and keep it ; it can beat to windward in a bca that would throw a ship to leeward : it can go about head to wind iu a sea that would force a ship to wear, and :t can wear, by means of its numerous points of wind contact, nearly as safely as can a shljy nearly as safely, lecaiise the rig has a weak point which asserts itself in wearing: it is, that the jall aboard is placed upon the mast fartltest aft, a weakness which has leen H.vuliar to the schooner rig since the day when the large sloop develojwl into the schooner instead of the evenly iNtlanccd and convenient yawl, which carries her largest mast just abaft whore a schooner's foremast is placed. - and. well aft, a small mast called the jlggermaat. That this method of balancing fore awl aft canvas i the IhM known is erMencl by the fact tliat tender racing yacht adopt tbe rig iu crossing the Atlantic. llttt the oarty builders of schooners, for some tmcTtttabie reason nenetunted the langY Mainsail, awl when tbe schooner was born, instead -of shifting tbe two assets forward atid raising a third smaller mast aft, which would haw abolished the weakness, they spread thuw apart and itlaced a roast letween thorn of a length intermediate between the two, still keeidiig the largest sail aft. and the fashion having lieeti thus has leen adhered to, even in the sparring of four, live and vessels. 'J'he Ikirjwv traffic on the Great Iiks mud the More fretpuent action of the law of survival have in the century now etHtiu. forced the ewlution of the primitire sailing craft through all the vnrioa& compromises until it has finally lodged in the teR wsseL lu the early lwrt of the eeHtury there vcre full-rigged hlls aad brigs on the lakes, with the original seboon'er aud large slooi. The last two, tittcd to survive in shallow waters, can still le seen. but. with n lee shore all atout thoat. the earlj' sdjtp awl. brig disappeared, leaving bark. lvtrkenttees, brigantines aud the small cluxMter of two masts. Then died tlie lurk, later the brigantine, and from the H. barketttiae was evolvetl the schoo&er w4th short mixzenmast, which for A time retained one feature of her threat rfc. a foreyard and brailing qllare ail, which she carried a ttiangular sail called a raffee. Tbetu until their final going down in the competition with steam, existed the jfincst type of large sailing craft ever designed oak-built, clipper-bowed, conterboard schooners with hort lower muMj, long topmasts, -heavy ixxiaw and light gaffs. ITieir masts were proportioned like those of a. &hip. retaining this feature through the graduations of lark and barkentiue. In the few four-masters evolved in t!n?ir short life the jigger mast was still smaller than the niiiren, and in the oae the nvauker mast was smaller .jret. It is a pity that the deep waterway bow contemplated between the lakes and th ppaboard conld not haTe been in operation before tbe extinction of thwe: splendid TesNtls o that a few. coining down to oar seaports, voeld have bn inspected by the more conservative salt water bnildTS to th iniproTement of their minds and methodsj for. in the rig of tbe fnsb water wiooBer tbe of tbe salt water schooner the difiicnlty of jibbing the 'spanker before wind -as removed. The small mizzi, as the spanker is called on tthe lakes, though mall enongh to be, banleii aft by one watch was, still large enoogb to becalm, by skillful steering, the large mainsail just before it. which also the foresail. Banning with jibs, all the becalmed forward canvas could be hauled over by tbe watch on deck: then, to finish, bet a few strong polU on the light minea sheet were needed and the job was done. A Yitlase Blacksmith Sated His LWle Son's Ufe. ilr. II. II. Black, the well known village blacksmith at "Grahamsville. Sullivan county, X. Y., says : Our little son. i years old, has always been subject tj croup, and so bad have the attacks been that we have feared many 'times that he would die. We hare had the doctor and used many medicines, but Chamberlains Cough Remedy is now our sole reliance. It seems to dissolve the tough mucus and- by giving frequent doses when the croupy symtoms appear we have found that the dreaded croup is cured before it gets settled." There is no danger in giving this remedy for it contains no opium or other injurious drug and may be given as confidently to a babe as to an adult. For sale by Benson Smith & Co., general agents. Territory of Hawaii. By Authority, In the Circuit Court, First Circuit ol the Territory of Hawaii. In Probate At Chambers. In the matter of the estate of Benjamin E. Steigmann, late of Honolulu, Oahu, deceased, intestate. Petition having been filed by Emma Steigmann, widow of said interstate, praying that letters of administration upon said estate be issued to M. notice is hereby given that Monday, the JOth day of November, A. D. 1900, at 10 o'clock a. m., in the Judiciary build ing, Honolulu, Oahu, is appointed thi time and place for hearing said petition, when and where all persons concerned may appear and show ca.use, it any they have, why said petition not be granted. By the Court: J. A. THOMPSON, Clerk. J. A. MAGOON. F. E. THOMPSON, Attorneys for Petitioner. Honolulu, October 17, 1900. NOTICE. Notice is hereby given that tbe Pearl City cemetery will be open for interments on and after Monday, November 3, 1900. A special funeral train will leave the railroad station at 2:15 p. m. daily, remaining at the cemetery until after a" interments. The rates for transportation are one dollar for the corpse and fifty cents for the round trip for mourners. Lots are now on sale at the office of the company, ranging in price from $10 up, according to location and sire. N' other charges of any nature. HAWAIIAN CEMETERY ASSOCIATION, LTD., Room 3, Love Building. Fort St. - ACCIDENTS WILL HAPPEN. Electric wires will get crossed and are a source of great danger to life. This hazard and all others ef an accidental nature may be covered by one of those liberal nccident policies issued by the solid old Pacific Mutual. Tolicics issued while jou wait. Cliuton .7. Hutchins, general agent, 409 Fort street. Life accident, fire and marine insurance. ' v A SOLID COyCERX. If one wants perfection and security in life insurance he need only investigate carefully the plans and conditions of the Provident Savings Life and be thoroughly satisfied. Thecompany has always been looked upon by the insurance public as one of the solid and progressive life insurance companies of America. I. R. Burns, resident manager; new Magoon building. BEAVER. IMCU ROOMS J. Xolto lias just received a new lot of celebrated FIVE CENT CIGARS. B Xevr York Capailura's, tou Allstou, "Cuion de Cuba, Grand, Republic, Figaro, Square Renown's, Etc. AIso: Key "West Cigars, La Deliciosa aud El Alas Xoble. H ). NOLTE, OWT STREET. -- Xi ." r, .'-- ioeaKMAJi J jmfiiin'ii"iiiii.".r TEE HONOLULU REPUBLICAN, THUBSDAT. NOVEMBER 8, 1900. PACIFIC TRMSFER, 0 227 "King St., Xext to Bailey5 Cyclery. EXPRESS WAGONS, DRAYS, BEIi WAGONS jot DUMP CAETS ALWAYS ON HAND. URUXKS, rUBNlTUKB at SAFES CAREFULLY HAXDLED. rELEPEOKE - - Miry E5 J.H.FMER&C0, ITembers of Honolulu iischanjre Stock and Bond Brokers 411 FOET STREET. Advances Made on Approved Security The Hawaiian Hardware Co., Ltd. Importers ana Dealers !n Hardware, Crockery, and Glassware 2, 3 and 4 Light Chandeliers and Metal and Glass Lamps, Lamn Fixtures Paints, Oils and Varnishes, Lard oil, Cylinder oil, Dynamo oils, etc. Powder, Shot and Caps, Agricultural Implements, etc. House Furnishing Goods, Etc. Silver Plated "Ware of all descriptions Table Cutlery etc. Plantation Supplies of Every Description. Hart's Patent " Duplex'' Die Stock for Pipe and Bolt Cutting; Rubber Hose, plain or wire bound, etc. Agents for The Aermotor, Made of steel and will last longer and give better "satisfaction than any other manufactured. Orders from the other Islands cited and promptly filled Wm. G. Irwin & Co LIMITED Offer for Sale: REFLXED SUGARS-. Cube and Granulated. PAJRAFFINfe PAIHT CO.'S Paints, Compounds and Building Papers. PAINT OILS, Lucol Raw and Boiled. Liuseed Itnw aud Boiled. MURINE. Vater-proof cold-water Paint, and nuisiue; in white an.i colors. FEE riLIZERS Alex. Cross A: Sous' high-grade Scotch fertilizers, adapted for sugar cajio and coffee. N. Ohlandt A- Co.'s chemical Fertilizers and tinely ground Bonemeal. STEM PIPE COVERING, Beed's patent elastic sectional pipe covering. FILTER, PRESS CLOTIIS, Xinen and Jute. SEMEXT. miE & BRJCKS Agents For WESTERN CO, Sat Jfcr.rn.asco. Cal AIDWIN LOCOilOT ' WOBES, ' rhtladelpht fa, U.S. A. NEWELL UNTA'ERSAIi AfTTiTi CO, (Manf. "National Cane Shredder') If ew fork; TJ. S. A. OULAXDT & CO, San Francisco, CaL KISPOX IBOy JLSfD LOCOMOTIVE WORKS- SafcJraniBoo,CmI. OM ttttii J GLiSSFIEl iDfEBIISEIEKTS. CSanf JJenryzna& n SUi oiaa a3 lrmxrt&ieiyicalitmenXiurri!BC 5 3s ci JF-ct" fce Jr Ktxxr exl SO tatii frrfise y. WASTKTJ. WASTED Anyone seeking a positioa. Call on Atkinson rooa II, Mxgoon bcilding. IFAATifD Itespectable Porttce&e or white honsemaid: good home and fair wares. Call R. W. Atkinson. Masoon Block Merchant St. Removed from 4t 3ferehaat St. rent furnished hoase. close in: must have three bed rooo3; good opportunity for parties goin away to secure Al tenant. Call or address E. S. Gill, Republican TOB BEST. FOR BEXTTvo new brick stores, plate glass front, on Hotel street. Apply to J. Oswald Lutted, New England bakery. FOB SALE. FOR SALE One Kanusome Crown in perfect order with hatp and mandtlin accompaniment. Has used only five times. Can be had -Ji a reasonable price by applying at Ur Orpheum Cafe. LOST. LOST A safe key and a postoiuce key Reward for return to The Republican. LOST A bay horse with a white spot on left fore shoulder has been lost. Horse is the property of Robert Parker, Jr.. and if returned to the police station a reward will be paid. LOST By accidental sate opening. :. large bay-colored Californian mare, weight about 900 lbs.; faint star on forehced; fat condition: a little or irritation on face, but hearing, right hind foot a little white- Finde." please notify police station and rewan! will be paid. STOLEX From in front of Chas. Liud's restaurant. Nuuanu street, a black pacer horse in saddle: white spot on forehead and branded" "T-E" (connected) on right hind leg. Liberal reward if said animal is returned to police station. FOUND. FOUND A bicycle at the office of & Decker, on Thursday night. Own.. can have same by proving property ami paying for this advertisement. For Safe Cheap Beal Estate in one of the best parts of Honolulu. Terms very easy. Apply to J. LIGHTFOOT, Magoon Building. Corner Merchant and Alakea Sts. FOR SALE Kalihi Property Two lots 50x100. One lot 100x100 on which is a house containing six rooms. For particulars apply to DAVID K. UNATJNA, WUder S. S. Warehouse, Esplanade. YOUNG STREET, bet. Alapal and Thomas Square. Newly furnished rooms with board. Also table board. Telephone Blue 3371- For Sale ! THE PRICES ARE RISHT. ONE PACING TEAM. ONE PACING SINGLE DRIVER. TEN HEAD HACK IIORSKS. ONE FxUHLY CARRIAGE TEAM. Tbe al"0e ar. all snaranteed sound. nrlc jouns anlnial. Also several and letter Road er to WILLIAM CUNNIN(JUAM. r. W. H. MAYS OFFICE HOURS: S to 10, 1 to 3, to S. SUNDAYS: 9 to 11. Telephone C02. HART & CO. (XiiraaicedJ) THE ELITE ICE CREAM PARLORS Fine Chocolates and Confections. Tee Cream and Ices Water. A CONVERSATION. SaldB to A the other day, Together as sat, "jLet's you and I go and bay -n And A inquired. "Bay What?" "One of Wiley's ironing Tables That's Wnat. "Dcn'tyou'delay; Make haste," says A, The pablio does the same. Of all the tables in this town They bear the greatest name. For sale by H. F. BEBTELMA3f3TS SHOP, Opposite WalL Skkoti C Th (Xlhite fioase 120 Fort' . i"4 f Mercerized Silk Vests JLow Neck and' No Sleeves. -ISO dozen, worth, apiece " ........$ 75 Special, apiece ." ".,..,, 35 ; Cotton Knitted Vests Low Neck and SCO dozen, worth, apiece SpeeiaL apiece . Fast Black Hose 7 For Ladies. A medinm weight. Just the thing for this climate. 60 dozen. worth, a pair : ... . ,.$,S0 Special, a pair. ." 20 i flPHW DHV k '" 4- 5'4- S Vf" " l Ml f INVINCIBiE TYPEWRITER U SUPPLIES k'j are the best obtainable, kj si' and are sold at most mod- - '?' erate prices. Whatever "Jf f variety of supplies you f wish, you will find ir fo i'g here, embodying the i v- sterling qualities of re- w liability, convenience w W and economy. f i i W UNITED f W TYPEWRITER AND SUPPLIES CO. f J " at- No Sleeves. 20 10 V 4 s i GOODS JlSS'fc Mil. -S 'J?' Montgomery Strctt, y Francijco, CaL k'g Hi News Co., Ltd. it tit Hawaiian Islands. tj 0 ' 00 00' 00 ' 00 00 00 VBS I R j BEER:I m All Dealers HS loa wont have :o call up Central And ask him for the time u you buy a Clock from BIART'S Jewelry, 404K, Fort Street He has a large new stock to choose from. WESTERI A5SUR. CD CAPITAL $2,000,000.00 J. H. FISHER, Acent Hawaiian Ialands. 327 1" San i tii The Hawaiian tii ii Sole Agents -:- BV 0& 0J0 ' 00 00 0 00 s RAIN I s For Sale by fci W Hawaii Simnpo Sba. THEHonecr Japanese Printing OfSce The Publisher oftaILAWAlT SHTAIPO, the only daily Japanese Paper Published in the Territory of Ua'sraiL T.SOGA, Editor. C SHIOZAWA, Prcprietor. Editorial andPrintiEg Office, near Kinsbdge,Kingstreet.p.o.Bax7 KQTISE to OWXERS. IReiiTECTS ud IliLIOtS. E. W. Qalna, 115 Union street. Is pro-red to taralak eatiasatss oa list disc vy&ta plHabims. Ffttrouss P.O. Box lO. Street. ROBERT BRIEVE Publishing !Co. Ltd. WUJi nJENXSS Artistic Printing, Up to Date Binding, First Class Job Work Plantation Stationery :;:'hodt,c. wi .FpFRUM' Letter He ails Bill Heads Statements Envelopes Programmes Invitations Cards Circulars Posters Etc., Etc. WE RUL 0 Bill Heads Statements Pay Bolls Expense Acct Manifests Pl'tn. Blanks Agency Bl'nks Calendars Diaries Bank Blanks Etc., Etc. w irio Ledgers Cash Books Journals Blank Books Check Books Pay Eolls Invoices Bank Books 1 Stock Books Record Books r Etc., Etc. h, . $' ? Having succeeded to the old established business of the late Kobert Grieve, it will be our aim to uphold the reputation so lone held by nim for first class work in every department of the printing office, while our increased facilities enable us to fill orders guch at shorter notice tl an htrttofor. .x -, UfWi,r0imim' y kLtl; '-3: -v ... .y,- .. - .& -A..., -- ttftajii? a VfX V vV i