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BENTON BSTALE5 McDEVITT & WRICHT, PROPRIETORS. LIVERY,; FEED and SALE STABLE Day and Night Herd. Horses Boarded by the Day or Week. Saddle Horses, Light and Heavy Turnouts FURNISHED ON SHORT NOTICE AND AT REASONABLE RATES. W. E. TURNER, M. D. PHYSICIAN AND SURCEON, -DEALER IN Drugs and Medicines' PERFUMERY, TOILET ARTICLES, Paints, Oils, Varnishes, Brushes and Glass, CIGARS, NOTIONS, CONFECTIONERY, ETC, Front Street, . Fort Benton, M. T. J. C. GUTHRIE, JOHN SCHWARTZ, Dealer in Front Street, one door above Murphy, Neel & Co.'s New Store, FORT ENTON, T Fi Cigars Confections Bread, Cakes and Pastry FRUITS, IN EVERY VARIETY. TOBACCO, CIGARETTES, -N-uts, Toilet Articles, Orders promptly filled and delivered to any part of the Town.. We make a Specialty of And a full line of WEDDING CAIKE SMOKERS' ARTICLES, And Party Orders. NOTIONS, ETC., ETC. H. J. WACKERLIN. T. C. POWER & BRO. H. J, Wackerlin & Co. WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALERS IN HARDWARE, BAR IRON, WAGON TIBERS HORSE SAHOES AND NAfLS, Tinware, Stoves, Queensware, Classware, Tin Roofing, and Sheet Iron Coods of Every Description. Our Wagon Timbers are of the Best Seasoned Hard Woods, and consist of all woods used in building and re pairing Wagons, Carriages and Buggies. Our stock of Queensware is the largest and most complete ever brought to Montana, and comprises every artic:e required by hotels and families.; PLAIN AND FANCY TOILET, DINNER AND TEA SETS, Cut Glass, Bar Tumhnbiers, Plain and Fancy Goblets. CHARTER OAIK COOKIN G AlD KATING STOVES, THE CELEBRATED GARLAND BASE BURNER, And the popula j; Argailia Soft Coal Base Burners, THE BEST AND ONLY SUCCESSFUL BASE BURNERS ]N USE. TIN GCOODS. We have a complete stock of Tin Goods including Tin voofing, Gutters and Pipes, and will contract to do all kinds of Roofing, Repairing, etc. Tin Goods of ev.ry.description Made to Order on short notice and at reasoinable prices. We propose tok·epdzieof t'he largest and best supplied estab llshnents of the kind in Montana, and will spare no pains or expense to CIVE ENTIRE SATISFACTION TO OUR PATRONS. -( New Hotel. } Thoroughly Refitted and Newly Furnished. SULLIVAN & HILL, P-:roprietors. Conducted on flrst-clsse rinciples. Everythlg new, neatanad attractive. -[Feelingassured that we have thcI :: best accommodations offered by any housein.ontana Territor, we respectfully solicit the transient ' and resident custom of Benton. believing thaa trial will secure permanient patronage. PRIdES REASONABLE. THE LAUGEST AND BEST HOTELTN OHOTEAU COUNTY3. THE PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE EPIT. OMIZED. A Favorable Showing of the Commercial Financial and General Condition of the Country. We give the following synopsis of the President's messtge: "I congratulate you on the continued anc increasing PROSPERITY OF OUR COUNTRY. By the favor of Divine Providence we hav been blessed during the past year with health, with abundant harvests, with profitable em ploymnent for all our people, and with con, tentment at home and friendship with othe, nations. The last election was another instance ol the peaceful transmission of power in thiu country, and would impress people of other countries with the advantages and perma. nancy of Republican institutions. The righi of suffrage in the Southern States was noi yet assured to the colored populations, and fraudulent practices in the manipulation of elections were successful in defeating free dom of the ballot. Sectionalism was the re sult of these practices, for so long as they are continued, it must influence the finances of the constitutional amendments, and cause them to act together. When the question of equal rights shall be settled in the South the country would be relieved of its contentions. Resistance and nullification of the results of the war would unite all in a resolute purpose for their support. He hoped that Congress would see to it that every case of violation of the fifteenth amendment would receive its condemnation. The means at the command of the local and state authorities are, in many cases, wholly inadequate to furnish free instruction to all who need it. This is especiall true where, before emancipation, the education of the people was neglected or prevented in the interest of slavery. The subject of popu lar education deserved the earnest attention of the people of the whole country. He recom mended that Congress should foster educa tional institutions bv land grants and treasury subsidies. Wherever general education is found, peace, virtue and social order prevail, and civil and religious liberty are secure. CIVIL SERVIOE. His views of the dangers of patronage for partisan considerations had been strengthened and they threatene l the stability of the government. They were becoming more alarming with the enlargement of the admin istration service. Fixed rules, and the selec tion of those best qualified is alone consistent with the equal rights of citizens and the effi cient administration of public business. The result of his system of c6mpetitive examina tions, which had been conducted for several years in some departmente~,was very satisfac tory. It was a protection from the pressure of importunity, which largely exacts the time of appointing officers. The service should not be abused in the furtherance of private nr party purposes. He recommended such legislation as,. while leaving every officer as free as any other citizen to express his politi cal opinion and to use his means for their advancement, should also enable him to feel as safe as any private citizen in refusing all demands upon his salary for political pur purposes. The most serious obstacle, to an improve ment of the civil service and especially to reform in the methods of appointments and removals, has been what is known as the spoils system by which the appointing power has been so largely enroached upon by mem bers of Congress. The first step in the re form of the civil service must be a complete divorce between Congress and the Executive in the appointments. The corrupting doc trine that "'to the victors belong the spoils," was as inseparable from Congressional pat ronage as the established rule and practice of parties in power. The true principles of the government on the subject of appointments to office, have again and again been approved of by the American people, and have not been called in question in any quarter. He recommended that an act be passed defining the relations of members of Congresss with respect to the appointments to office by the President, and also recommended that the provisions of Section 1767 and the Sections following, of the revised statutes, comprising the tenure of office act of March 2d, 1867, be repealed. It was the recognized duty and purpose of the people of the United States and States to SUPPRESS POLYGAMY where it now exists in our Territories and prevent its extension. The longer action is delayed, the more difficult it would be to ac complish what is desired. The Mormon sect arian organization which upholds polygamy has the whole power of making and execut ing the local legislation of the Territory of Utah. By its control of the grand and petit juries it possesses a large influence over the administration of justice. Exercising, as the heads of this sect do, the local political pow er of the Territory, they are able to make e~ffective their hostility to the law of Congress on the subject of polygamy, and in fact do prevent its enforcement. THE SANCTITY OF MARRIAGE, and family relationsare the corner stones of American society and civilization.. R:eligious liberty and the separation of church and state are among the-elementary ideas of free institutions. To the ire-establsh ih ient of the interests and principles which polygamy and mormonism have imperiled, and fully reopen fo intelligent and virtuous immigrants of all creeds that part of our domain which has been in a great degree closed to general im migration by intolerant and immoral institu tions, it is recommended that the government of the Territory be reorganized by'the Gov ernor and Judges, or by commissioners ap pointed by the Pre ;ident and confirmed by the Senate, or by a government analogous to the provisional government established for the territory northwest of the Ohio by the ordinance of 1787. If, however, it is deemed best to continue the existing form of local government, he recommends that the right to vote, hold office and sit on juries in the Ter ritory of Utah be confined to those who nei ther practice nor uphold polygamy. If thor ough measures are adopted, it is believed that in a few years the evils which now afflict Utah will be eradicated, and this Ter ritory will in good time become one of the most prosperous and attractive of the new States of the Union. FOREIGN RELATIONS. Our relations with foreign countries had been those of undisturbed peace. He was disappointed with the failure of the British government in the fishery question, but a new interpretation of the treaty by that gov ernment was recently made, and the right to indemnity for injuries at Fortune Bay recog nized. The regulation of conflicting interests of the shore fishery of the provincial sea coasts, and the vessel fishery of our fisher men, should be made the subject of confer ence and concurrent arrangement between the two governments, and he hoped that a basis of agreement would soon be found. He spoke of the Sydney Exhibition, and the large number of awards made to Ameri can exhibitors. Europe was in a- state of peace and tran quility. We had concluded a convention with the French Republic for the settlement of claims of either country against the other. Our friendly relations with Germany con tinue. Our citizens had won the greatest prizes at the fish exhibition. Favorable pro gress was making towards an understanding relative to the rights of native and natural ized citizens of this country. Our relations to all other nations in Europe were friendly; except Spain. Several vessels belonging to our merchant marine had been boarded and searched by Spanish cruisers in neutral wa ters. The matter was undergoing investiga tion at the court of Madrid. Our Minister to Spain had taken part in the deliberations rel ative to the protection of Moors in Morocco, and our government had remonstrated with the Emperor of Morocco on the necessity of putting an end to persecutions on religious grounds. The alteration of a word in the consular treaty with Belgium had delayed it beyond the period of ratification. The ex tradition treaty with Denmark had failed, owing to a difference regarding the payment of expenses of extradition. Our govern ment has brought the subject of our Chinese internal relations before the Imperial govern ment, which was respectfully received. Two treaties had been signed at Pekin-one relat ing to the introduction of Chinese into this country, and one relating to commerce. They would be laid before Congress some time in January. Our minister in Japan had negotiated a conference for the reciprocal relief of shipwrecked seamen. The Japan ese government, with great generosity and courtesy, has offered for this purpose an ele gible piece of land. The President renewed his recommendation that whatever portion of the funds received a few years ago from China and Japan that was not used in pay- I ment to American citizens should be prompt ly returned. The extradition treaty with Holland had been ratified. Relations of friendship and amity had been established between the government of the United States and that of Roumania. We had sent a dip lomatic representative to Bucharest, and have received at this capital a special envoy who will announce the independence of Rouma nia. In regard to Mexico, the President had been disappointed relative to the settlement of frontier disturbances, but congratulated i both governments for the energy displayed i in putting them down. The obstacles which j had previously prevented railway communi cation between the two countries was disap pearing, and several enterprises of this char acter were on foot. The inter-oceanic canal project had engag- a ci attention on the relations of our govern- I ment and the States of Colombia The a treaty iobligations subsisting between the ( United States and Colombia by which we i guarantee the neutrality of transit and the i sovereignty and property of the Colombian isthmus, made it necessary that the condi- c tions under which so stupendous a change in the region embraced in this guarantee is to t be effected-transforming as it would this < isthmus from a barrier between tne Atlantic 1 and Pacific oceans into a gateway and zhor oughfare between them for the navies and merchant ships of the world-should receive the approval of this government. The Pres ident held "that it is the right and duty of the United States to assist and maintain such- I supervision and authority over any inter oceanic canal across the isthmus that con- 1 nects North and South America as will pro tect our-interests." - Our government had not felt called upon to interfere in the contest between the allied Republics of Peru and Bolivia, and Chili But our offers of mediation had been well rceived, but had pro:ved unsuccessfuL. In questios affecting our rights as neutrals' our ministers had acted with energy and success. Or mrelations with Brazil cntintineda coral:, and our mutual intercourse steadily increases. The President referred to the Samoean diffi culty, and said that these islands had been restored to tranquility. He also casually referred to the obelisk and the Egyptian debt, and said in regard to the maritime sani tary conference that the acceptance of our invitation by the maritime powers gave as. surance of success. COMMERCE. The dissemination of commercial statistics by our consular force was unrelaxed, and their importance justified by the general de mand for the information furnished, by our merchants. He believed a system of such publications should receive necessary appro priations from Congress. Especially import ant is it that our commercial relations with the Atlantic and Pacific coasts of South Am erica, with the West Indies and the Gulf of Mexico, should be direct and not through the circuit of the European system, and should be carried on in our own bottoms. The full appreciation of the opportunities which our front on the Pacific ocean gives to commerce with Japan, China and the East Indies, with Australia and the island groups which lie along these routes of navigation, should in spire equal efforts to appropriate to our own shipping and to administer by our own capi tal a due proportion of this trade. Steam postal communication by aid of the government had been the forerunner of the commercial predominance of Great Britain on all those coasts and seas. Co-operation in that regard may be looked for from Mexico and South American nations, and from those of the East. Private interest was insufficient to aid them properly. The President recom mended in this connection the laying of a cable by 'way of San Francisco, the Sand wich Islands and Japan, and said the influ ence of such a measure needed no illustration. The navy should be enlarged. It was ne cessary for the extension of our commerce, would be imperative for its protection in time of war, and an active agent in time of peace. Our merchants recognize it as a prime neces sity. The financial condition of the government is very satisfactory. The present situation of the United States, whether considered with respect to the trade, credit, growing wealth, or the extent and variety of our re sources, was more favorable than that of any other country of our time, and had never been surpassed by that of any country at any per iod in history. :All our industries were thriv ing, the rate of interest low, new railroads were being constructed,vast immigration was increasing our population, capital and labor, new enterprises in great numbers were in pro gress, and our commercial relations with other countries were improving. The ordinary revenues from all sources for the fiscal year ended June 30, 1880, were (cents omitted): From Customs .......... . .. .............. .$186,522,064 Internal Revenue......................... 124,009,373 Public Lands ............................. 10,116,506 Tax on circulation and deposits in Nation Banks ................................. 7,014,971 Repayment of Interest by Pacific R.R. Cos '799,621 Customs dues,fines, penalties, etc........ 1,148,8(00 Fees of consular letters, patents and lands 2,337,029 Proceeds of sales from gov't property..... 282,616 Proffts from coinage, etc.................. 2,729,186 Revenues of District of Columbia. ....... 1,809,468 Miscellaneous sources.................... 4,099,603 Total Receipts................. $333,526,610 The ordinary expenditures for the same time were : For Civil Expenses........................ .$15,693,9G3 Foreign intercourse....................... 1,211,490 Indians................................... 5,945,457 Pensions, including $19,341,025 arrears.... 56,771,174 Military, including harbor and river im provements and arsenals................ 38,116,916 Naval establishments..................... 13,596,984 Miscellaneous expenditures............... 34,535,691 District of Columbia expenses............ 3,272,3S4 Interest on debt ....................... 95,757,575 Premium on bonds ....................... 2,795,320 Total Expenditures.................$267,642.957 Surplus Revenue ........................ $85,SS3.653 which amount drawing from the cash bal ance in the Treasury $8,084,434, making $73, 968,087 was applied to the redemption of bonds for the sinking fund; $73,652,900 of fractional cur're~i.y; $251,717 of the loan of 1858; $405 of temporary loin, $100 of bounty land scrip $25 A comlpound inter est notes; $16,500 o: notes of 1864; $2,650 of one and two year notes; $3,700 of old demand notes; total, $73,968,087. The amount due the sinking fund this year was $37,931,643. There was applied thereto the sum.of $7,396,617,being, $35,973,973 in excess of the actual requirements of the year. The aggregate of revenues from all sources dur ing the year ended June 30, 1880, was $333, 526,510, an increase over the preceding year of $59,699,496. The receipts thus far of the current year together with the estimated receipts for the current year, amount to $350,000,000, which will be sufficient to meet the estimated expenditures of the year andleave a surplus of $90,000,000. It is fortunate that this large surplus revenue occurs at a period when it may be directly applied to payment of the public debt, soon to be redeemable. No pub lic duty has been more conatantly cherished in the United States, than the policy of paying the national debt as rapidly as possible. The debt of the UnImted States, less cash in the Treasury and exclusive of accruing interest, attained its maximum of $2,756,441;571 in August, 1865, andhas since that time been reduced to $i,886,01i9,504. Of the principal, $108,758,100 have been paid since March 1st, 1877, ,iffecting an annual saving of interest of $6,107,593.: The burden of interest has also been diminished: by the sale of bonds bearing a low rate of interest and the a ppli-