Newspaper Page Text
HHHHt
PL. E CTIUC
1TV for light
ing and row
er 1b rapidly
advancing In
tho favor of
tho American
f a r tn e r.
Whether ho
' bo one of
thoso adven
turous ind I
vlduals who
HJ lT!f stake their
I Pi'Jl ft" on tne
I V4 A-t prospect of
H jhflkA developing a
H HHHJ paying farm
H HHHJ districts J
b m tiuj west an('
I lm-n 1 southwest, or In the
I ?iBS$ swamp lands of the
iSflVJb BOllt,1 or whether ho bo
PbPBPBih of, tho clasB that Is turn-
MmmKMWst W3 Ins Its attention to the
I great rowards of truck
and dairy farming In tho cast, tho modern farmor
has caught tho scientific spirit of the tlmo and
la gottlng practical results from his realization
of the fact that methods must accommodate
themselves to changing conditions.
' At tho annual convention of the American
Institute of Electrical Engineers held recently
In Boston, tho electrical farm was considered In
paper by Putnam A. Hates. He discussed In
somo detail tho work now being dono by farm-
crs who are developing tho arid districts of the
west, showing that Irrigation and electricity nro
tho two factors that promlso moBt for tho futuro
where natural conditions aro for tho most part
against the farmer. Irrigation came first and
then tho ndvantngos of electric power pumping
were renllzod. Tho so-called electrlcnl farm has
been In exlstcnco for a dozen years or more, but
It Is only recontly that thoro has been an organ-
izod effort to dlssemlnnto knowledgo on the prnc-
Ileal use of electricity In agriculture
noferrlng to the southwest nnd to the dec-
trie farm as ho found It there, Mr. nntoB says:
"In somo sections of that wonderfully fertile
country, well protected by tho high mountnln
rangos, practically every farm is on electric
farm. Thta Is to soy, tho buildings aro lighted
by electricity and many of tho laborious opera-
tlons nro accomplished by tho use of electric
power. Thcso really wcro our first electric farms,
tho period of tholr establishment corresponding
I with the development of tho water powers of the
nearby mountains.
"On tho majority of thcso farms Irrigation Is
practiced and quite naturally electricity was Qrst
made use of for pumping purposes. Then under
the Influonco of progressive local central station
operators, it was almost universally adopted for
light.
"I can recall seeing electric lights nnd the
electric flatlron in use In tho farm home on tho
Pacific coast eleven yearsago. Tho pcoplo were
content to enjoy tho advantages which thoso
Improvements mado possible to them, but did
not seem to regard their conditions as unusual.
Their farms were In fact electric fnrms and their
Industries, dependent upon the, produce of the
land, were as they aro now, practically all oper
ated by electricity,
"A briof summary of tho work accom
plished shows that construction Is under way or
hoB been complotod on twenty-nlno projects, In
volving an expenditure of ICC.47O.O00. In tho
eight years of actual work thero have been dug
7,000' mllos of canals and moro than nineteen
miles of tunnels, mostly excavated through
mountains. The total excavation of rock and
earth amounts to 77,200,000 cubic yards. Thoro
have been built 670 miles of roads, 1,700 lilies
of telephones, and thero aro now In oporatlon
275 miles of transmission lines, over which sur
plus power nnd light aro furnished to soveral
cities and towns.
f "Tho smnll farms nnd villages grouptl about
thcso developments glvo tho effect of suburban
rather than rural conditions. The cheap power
developed from tho great dams or from numer
ous drops In the main canals Is now utilized for
tho operation of trolley lines, which reach out
Into tho rural districts, bringing tho farmer in
closor touch with tho city. It runs numerouH
Industrial plants for storing, handling nnd manu
facturing tho raw products of tho farm. Tho
same powor Is used for lighting nnd heating In
tho towns, and for cooking In tho homos. On
several of the projects the farmers aro applying
for electrical power, and In many farm houses
electric powor is utilized for many domestic pur
poses, "Moro than a million dollars has been Invest
ed In tho development of powor on the Salt
Illvcr project, of which tho farmers havo volun
tarily raised 1800,000, Tho sale of tho power up
to the beginning of tho present year amounted
to $144,000, with the plant only partially con
structed. This jevontin will contribute material
ly toward lessoning tho cost of operating tho Irri
gation system.
"On a large milk farm at I'lalnsboro, N. J.,
electricity is UBed for lighting, clipping cows,
operating a bottling machine, spinning on tin
foil caps or seals on bottles, cutting ensilage,
running a sawmill, pumping from a deep well,
STlndlng feed and elevating It to atorago bins.
"The fact that this Is a commercial plant
turning out dally from 3, BOO to 4,000 quarts of
ntlk, where an exceptionally high standard of
ftectricitrP
"lFI Cil iT HRr Kite
r isHNHsBHBH
BV. lEl 1 - i ,yju?cnojrcrr.
jvmp Acme- ' && y;.fgy
tva 'hi"
quality Is rigidly maintained. Is ovldcnco that
thoro must bo ndvnntnges In using electricity In
such an Installation.
"Tho total ncreage of tho farm Is nearly
1,200, and at present about 70 per cent. Is under
cultivation. Electricity Is generated by steam
power and distributed nt 220 volts. The gener
ating equipment at present consists of ono 2G
kilowatt direct connected unit, steam boiler, tc.
"This Is not a largo generating plant, to bo
sure, but It Insures cleanliness of lighting equip
ment and safety from fire risk In tho barns,
bunk houses and outbuildings. It also makes
possible a convenient source of powor In nny
part of tho farms or outbuildings, which of nec
essity aro widely distributed, and cost of gen
erating tho current, Including interest nnd de
preciation charges, Is probably not over four
cento n kilowatt hour.
"Scientific milk production Is moro nnd
moro coming Into prominence nnd tho necessity
for perfect cleanliness, Immedtnto cooling nnd
keoplng tho milk nt n low tempornturo compels
such dairy farmers to adopt devices that will
ho most helpful In obtnlnlng theso results. There
s n milk dnlry In Morrlstown, N, J., where tho
wnlls, ceilings nnd floors of nil rooms In which
tho milk Is handled nro washed down dnlly, both
morning nnd evening tho electric lighting fix
tures being entirely water tight.
"Dnlrjing uud stock raising nro usuully fol
lowed vvhoro land needs upbuilding In fertility,
nnd In either tho silo Is n necessity, cutting lip
succulent fornpe crops and storing them In the
silo for Inter uso being the nccepted method of
preparing tho feed. To do this tho farmer must
hnvo powor, but n ten horsepower electric mo
tor with Its capacity for momentary overlond
will do tho work that would -anil n gasoline en
gine rated at twelve to fifteen horsepower.
"Tho fnrmcr can easily recognize tho advan
tage of tho electric motor for this operation and
when onco adopted ho soon wants to uso tho
current for grinding feed, baling bny nnd other
purposes.
"On the dairy furm. however, electricity of
fers other opportunities, ns It Is tho moBt con
venient form of energy for operating nn artifi
cial refrigeration plnnt, tho cream separator,
churn and butter worker.
"Cream separators, whllo often turned by
hand on small dairy farms, nre more frequently
driven mcchantcnlly whero considerable cream
Is handled. Excopt In tho very large sizes, they
requro not more than a one-fifth horsepower mo
tor and they nro In operation only for a com
paratively short tlmo. Tho operating cost, there
fore. Is practically negligible."
There are In use many designs of electric,
milkers, especially on dairy farms where there
Is a great deal of milking to bo done and hand
milkers ore not avnllahlo In sufficient numbers.
Likewise electricity Is now being used exten
sively for cooling and aerating nnd the Ico
maklng electrical device Is not unknown to our
HL t ' t I
H iir -
ftnpsr av Aix?r-
HJ more progressive farmers. Tho up-to--?9JdHf
diito farmer Is very much nwnro of
fflViiFFafca the fact that the regular grooming of
&&SflEji cows IncreaBcs the supply of milk
RHS nnd counts strongly for cleanliness.
Saaeaall tic now haa nn olectrlcnl dovlco for
TTjrr? doing this.
' jit x lHle& Ono of the most Interesting elec-
. trlcnl devices on tho modern farm Is
) tho telephone. In tho old days the
J men nnd women wero called from the
., r I fields for dinner by tho blowing of a
S J horn or by fending tho mnnlt boy
y7 ' f trudging across tho field with tho
' rr "l KoJ news. Tho modern fnnnor's men
rtjfcytyjf tnko to tho flcldB with them n tele-
kQKfl phono which can bo rlggod up near
RS3I whero they nro working nnd receive
"E!!! meBRngea from the uouso by that
it'WI menns.
SS$SX. With the Installation of thcso eloc-
2i rlcal dcvlccB much of tho romantic
MvX5; B!do of llfo on tho fnrm pnBses away.
fc-U Even n modern poet would hnve a
'"Sfv ,iard tlmo Kl,,nK anything lyrical out
A V. of nn electrlcnl milker, nnd the beauty
l JVIQ LA of a load of hay somehow fndes when
K JSg n motor truck goes chugging ncross
Sj Kaf the flcldB with It. Hut tho American
fZk tW fnrmcr censed to bo romantic when
H tho grnphophono took the place of the
wheezy old organ and when his wlfo
opened up that front parlor that alwnyfl used to
be such n nombro plnco. Ho Is out to make
money now and electrlcnl machinery opons up a
wny for him to do It. When ho feelB llko It now
adays ho gets Into his nutomobllo and goes else
where to find what will appeal to his Idea of the
romantic. "V
To Burn New Home
Former Fire Chief of New York Plan Unique
Demonstration.
Former Fire Chief Edward F. 'Crokcr of New
York city Is planning n unique yet highly Impres
sive object lesson on tho prevention of fires In
dwellings. Ho recently purchased ground for a
new house In tho suburb, nnd now he announces
that when his $30,000 home U completed he will
demonstrate Its fire-proof qualities by attempting
to burn It. His grim experience whllo fire chief
of .the metropolis In Rccing bo many lives sacri
ficed ench year to tho demon of flames fed on
flimsy mnterlals, both In buildings and their fur
nishings, Is back of his commendablo plnn to ef
fectually prota that thero la a Bafer and saner
way.
"Tho house will bo completely furnished at the
time," explains Mr, Crokor, "with rugs, draperies
nnd furniture of artistic patterns. Hut everything
In tho plnce will be proof against fire. We shall
fill enrh room with wood Nhavlngs and cotton
wasta en which kerosene has been poured. We
have such confidence In the material employed In
the house Itself nnd In tho flre-prooflng qualities
'of the furnlturo that we are sure they will come
out of tho ordcnl unscathed.
'Tho building Itself will be constructed of lire
proof block, which can bo worked up Into most
ortlntlc effects. During Its manufacture It wns
subjected to cxccsslvo heat, Tho exterior will
bo In the Italian villa style tho first story In
white, tho second In red, with a rod tile roof.
"Not n pnrtlclo of wood will he used anywhere,
Insldo or out. Doors, window frames, sashes nnd
trim will bo of fireproof material, Tho floors will
bo of a substance t lint looks llko wood, but which
Is chemically Impregnated with resistant mnte
rlals. Tho filrnlliire will bo .of fireproof sub
stances, on which fire hns absolutely no effect
In parts thu Edison concreto furniture will be
used.
"Tho snnltntlon will bo perfect. Tho comers
of every room will bo rounded, thero will ,p n
vacuum cleaning system, nnd so tho dwelling will
be insect nnd rat proof. Closets will bo fitted
like Innovation trunks, with nil the fixtures In
stnmped metal, nnd lined with tllo. The different
appliances In them will work on ball bearing
rollers. Kitchen sinks and drain boards will be
of aluminum.
"Thoro is now no fireproof hourn In existence,
nnd more lives nro Inst through tho burning of
private houses than through fires In factorlea or
other buildings."
Agents Wanted.
int. Clow It I nm going to Join tho Society for
the Prevention of Crime.
Itcggy Itlvereldo Orent Caesar! What for?
Mr. Oowlt So that 1 can paint the town and
havo my expenses paid. Puck.
Had a Tender Heart,
Mr. Calloy I thought both your girls played
tho piano?
Pa Hyloy Mamie does, hut Carrie never could
stand to make others unhappy.
On the Farm.
"Do you have any trouble In keeping your boys
on the farm?"
"No," replied Farmer Corntosscl. "They're
wlllln' to stay. Tho only difficulty la that tray
all want to act like summer boarders."
Cornerfofy
PUMSOLL'S MARK ON SHIPS
Peculiar Characters on Side of British
Vessels Determine Weight of
Her Cargo.
Perhaps you havo often heard of
man's mnklug Ills mnrk In tho world,
but what do you think of n man that
left his tnnrk on eery llrltlsh ship
that sails tho sensT
If you ore observant ou may hnvo
noticed In passing some of tho freight
hteamors n peculiar mark on tho sldo,
close to the water, something llko tho
letters O. E. This mnrk It usually
about tho middle of the boat, nnd Is
white or K'llow on n dark background.
In tho old dayn many merchant
ships were lost through owrlo.ulliiK
and a llrltlsh memlior of parliament,
Samuel Pllmsoll, who sympathized
with tho poor sullorn that had to risk
their lives on thcso ships whllo the
greedy owners stayed safely nt home,
worked nnd worked until ho got a
law passed that obliged every cargo
carrying vessel to carry a mnrk on
Its Bide, showing tho depth to which
sho might safely bo loaded,
Tho five mnrkB on tho tlguro to
tho right, which Itvks llko a letter E,
Indicate tho loading depths for differ
ent places and seasons, Tho top line,
turned to the left. Is for fresh water.
Tho top Hun to the right Is for the
Indian oceuii. Tho next below Is for
Pllmsoll' Mark.
tho summer season nny whero. The
one below that Is for winter nnd tho
lowest bf nil Is for tho north Atlantic
In winter, as that Is considered the
most dangerous of nil the oceans
traveled by cargo carrying ships.
LITTLE TRICK OF INTEREST
One May Bee Through His Hand by
Using Piece of Paper Rolled Up
In Form of Tube.
Here Is something that Is very easy
to try nnd that Is bound to Interest
ever) one you show It to, Tnko a
plcco of paper and roll It up Into a
Seeing Through Hand,
tubo nbout three-quarters of an Inch
In diameter. Hold this In your right
hand and plnco ono end of It close up
to jour right eye, Place on the table
about tlireo feet from you any small
object, such ns a cotn. Now open our
left hand and place It with the palm
facing you, against tho loft side of the
paper tube, about midway of Its
length. Keoplng both eyes open, now
you will appear to seo through this
I hand In fart, thero will apparently bo
, a hole right through It, tbiough which
you will see the coin.
Evenly Matched.
A boy sat on a rail fence inclosing
& cornfield. A city chap passing,
' said:
I "Your corn looks kind of yellow,
Hub."
I "Yep, that's the kind wo planted,"
said Hub.
"It doesn't look ns If you would get
more than half a crop," observed
tho city chap.
"Nope; we don't expect to landlord
gets tho other half," retorted the
joiingsler.
Tho stranger hesitated n moment
and then ventured;
"You nro not wry fnr from a fool
ish fellow, nro )ou. Hub?"
"Nopo. not inore'n ten feet,"
said tho boy and the city chap passed
on.
Cqlors One Cannot See.
Perhnps you know that tliero Is nn
nucTi thing us color In the objects you
look nt. Homo process In thn brain
transforms the waves of light that
come from different things Into what
are called colors, Winn Mien? Is no
no light you ree no color end n red
roso Is the hiiiiio shade ns u n een
tree.
At present people can dlMtltigulHli
even colors In the rainbow hut Helen
lists pay there are others beyond lliw
wo Bee whleli the human eye cumin!
eo et They hnvo proved that some
Insects, such as ants, eun tee rays of
light beyond lh violet, Just as It has
been shown that there are animals
Hint eun hear hounds which aro loo
fine for human ears to detect.
The Maid and Her Apples.
Threo boys met a servant maid car
rying npplea to the market Tho Jirst
took hnlf whnt sho had, hut retnri d
to her ten: tho second took one-thlnl,
hut returned two: and the third took
away half thoso mIiu bad left, but re
turned her one. Sho had Iheu Iwolvu
apples left how many hud she at
tlrst? I
1 Answer: Forty. j
iflfljWflflPWfH
GENTLE JANC M
rtiififfliil I
Bnlil (Initio Jnnt, "I lirnnl toAar HH
Our fciu'B runs 'round tlie Uoxmk.
Hut tlinugti I'vo wntclieil It 1 mt My
It's iult ns a moiu" flH
ALSACE STORKS ON DECREASE
Careful supervision of Bird Chaws HH
They Are Rapidly Dying Out flfl
Various Reasons Given. JH
Every year tho number of tork la IH
be seen In Alsace become Iras. tb HH
London Dally (Holm states. Of the
four nests perched on the bis elrfm- HH
ueys of thn old roofs of Stnmburi-. HH
only ono has been occupied Oils yrar. HH
In many of the villages tha great HH
migrators havo censed for a lone time? HH
to rollevo tho landscape, and It sremt HJ
only n question of tlmo vtieti Hii HH
stork In Alsnco will bo a memory. HH
Various aro tho causes nsnfgtmt fnr HH
this desertion thn dralnajo of Uir HH
mnrshcH, tho multiplication of teto- H
Phono nnd telegraph wlren and :hc HH
smoke from factory chlmneya. HH
In Germany for tho better study ol H
storks there tins been created a sort of HH
service In connection with the educa- HH
Hon department which tendi to set up HH
nn "ctnt civil" for ench bird. or. fa IB
other words, to register them aflerthn HH
manner which obtains for citterns In HH
Franco. HH
Knell bird is captured when? posnl- H
bio and a metallic disk nfrtxrrt to its HH
leg, nnd Herman oincinlH, wbrrrre HH
tho birds aro believed to migrate HI
hnve Instruction to send tn tbo4rparr- HI
ment nny Information they can Knitter HI
concerning storks which nro German HI
subjects. (Possibly this labeling may Hfl
hnvo something to do with the srr- HH
city.) Ily this system or rcgJaimtlna HI
tho authorities hnve learned mom- HH
thing of tho migratory hablta of (bit HH
bird; for Instance, one wns found dn-i HI
nt the Capo of Good Hope whose prac HH
of origin was eastern Prussia. HH
A point of interest relative tn tne HH
scarcity of the stork linn been ttronxM
under tho uotlco of thn Herman as- H
tliorltles by a doctor nt Port Kllaa- H
belli, who suggests thn! the? have HH
been poisoned through en tins trraae- HH
hoppers or locusts which lime betra HH
killed by nrsenlc, A corrospoaiewt. HH
however, of nn Alaacc-l,orrntfie Joor- HH
ual hints Hint the cause In to be fmwa HH
nearer nt home.
POLE FOR A ROLLER SKATER
Amusement Found by Small Boy In H
Riding Astraddle of Broomstick HH
Is Improved On. HH
When tho .very small boy who like HH
to pluy horse astraddle n broumstlck HH
becomes old enough to use roflrr H
skates, he tuny curry out the liti-n In H
n moro practical wny with a roller H
polo of tho kind shown In the Ilia- HH
trntlon. Tho device comprise a role H
provided with n roller nt add !. H
n sent near tho center, a eroaajilpco H
for the hands nt the other end. and H
AJt I
HH
Pole for Roller Skater. HJ
a second crofspleec between the first
mentioned cros piece and It ml H
This second erosspleee Is to brace hla H
knees rgalnst when he sits tloat, uu HH
tho seat after getting n good atart. H
What Are Cork Legs? H
One often mtn'ts with u desiciitton. H
especially In some of thn older novrla. H
of men with cork legs, and upo.i rend- H
Ing tho grnplilo aceounto of snm of H
some (if these old sea dog. for tuint H
of them wero sailors, one would nniu- HH
rally think they had. urtillclul irK HH
mnile of cork. HH
Hut artlllclHl legs are never matin H
or cork. Tlny do not get their naino HH
from the material of which, but from HH
(ho place at which, tliey werv made. Hsai
This wns not the city of Cork la Jro- H
laud, but Cork street, on Piccadilly, tn HH
London, which wns the hi-udquarlrnt H
for the nrtlflelal limb trade tn the old vHJ
days, Just ns certain streets are known 9J
ns the locality for (erlahi tvtui-sala HH
bUHlliesses In our big cHh today. HHj
Not Hal H
An Irish builder was new to ii
huge Hkyterniiers Ho hud carried ma- H
terlul Ui to the tup floor, xod ronld H
lint Mud his way down. After a tlmo H
tho bons missed hltu and railed up to H
HH
"Pnt. oh Pat! Why don't jent roruo HH
down?" H
"I don't know the wnv," sate vat. H
"Well, coinu down thv aj yuu HH
H
"Faith, nn' I won't std Pat. "lor I HH
cjime up head llrst." HJ
Not Afraid of Grandma. H
'Grandma," ijuerlud sui! j;m. HH
"do you llko candy?" HH
"No, dear," replied the vl't Inly. HV
never eat It." HH
"Then," continued ICftl. "f mJsb you HH
would hold mine until 1 trt -iiAiy HH
dressed." HV
