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APAGE OF TIMELY READING! I I OT t IMPEACHMENTS OF OTHER J I t GOVERNORS. X I 1 Charles Robmton, Kansas, 1S62, acquitted. i Harnton Reed, Florida, 1S6S; office expired while proceedings i T were m progress. J I f William W. Holden, North T I X Carolina, 1870, found guilty T and rareoved J i Powell Clayton, Arkansas, ji i 1871; case dropped. David Butler, Nebraska. 1871, I found guilty and removed. j. Henry C Warmoth, Louisi- A I T ana, 1872; office expired before J 4- trial concluded. Adelbert Ames, Mississippi, J J 1876, resigned with understand- .j. 4. ing that charges would be f dropped, J j By CHARLES N. LURIE. WM PEACHMENT cost King Charles L of England his head. It brought I Francis Kacon, lord chancellor of I A England, down from his high II office ndrew Johnson, president of the United States, nearly lost hl9 high 1 office thereby. It has d- posed govern ors and federal Judges. What will it do I to William Sulzer. elected governor of j New York state last year? The world waits with eagerness for the outcome 3 of the proceedings In Albany. N. Y.. following the first Impeachment of a I ill New York governor. I Outside of the tangled skein of party - y politics In the capital of New York rjn state lies a clear thread which tells of j definite charges against Mr. Sulzer. Bworn to before the legislative Inves- I d tigatlng committee presided over by ,'fl State Senator James J. Frawley of I f New York city. Mr. Sulzer is accused J of certain definite acts of malfeasance "'yM In office. He may clear himself, he 1 may be convicted! or the court of Im peachment may hold with his support ers that the session of the state as I sembly which preferred charges against him wan an extraordinary ses sion, with legal pnwer to consider only such matters as were brought before it by the governor himself. In that case Mr Sulzer Will not have to answer the charges before the impeachment 1 court, but his foes will find a way to I bring them to the attention of a grand 1 jury. Of course the next regular ses i sion may impeach Mr. Sulzer If the I presmt proceedings fail I Sulzer Versus Murphy Back of the impeachment proceed ings, as all the world knows, lies the ambition of Mr Sulzer to control Dem ocratic politics in the most populous ' state In the American union In this he is raging against Charles F. Mur phy, leader of Tammany Hall, head of the Democratic party In New York city and a power In state politics. To Mr. Sulzer's friends he 1 a political Ba yard, fighting the good fight against unworthy domination His foes see in him onlv a man who Is 'out for the stuff" himself. The constitution of the state of New York Invests the power of impeach ment In the assemblv, the lower house of the stale legislature. The senate, sitting as a court wiih the court of appeals, conducts the trial and decides whether the articles of Impeachment are well founded. Here Is the gist of the charges against Mr. Sulzer, as formulated by the assembly commit tee: 'Whereas, the Joint legislative In vestigation committee has filed a re port In the assembly on the 11th day of August, 1913, together with testl mon annexed thereto showing or tending to show that William Sulzer, governor of the state of New York made a false and fraudulent report tc the secretary' of state under his oath I as required by law, that the total con- GHIGKAMAUGA'S FIELD WILL RE-ECHO TO SHOTS HH ETTYSBURG in July saw a V jl m reunion of civil war veterans 1 M W which will stand tor all time ,"'3 as the greatest assemblage H i of Its kind In the world's history, but In one respect It will be surpassed by the .rfi coming celebration, on Sept. 19 and 20 fV"'flr of the fiftieth anniversary of the battle ttife-il of Chlckamauga. There could be no V'j such thing as a reproduction of the -M battle of Gettysburg, owing to its mag- . Viis nltude, but Chlckamauga will see a re- H M production of part at least of Its great I . struggle. I 7 Regiments of the regular army will r. j'M reproduce for the entertainment of the I members of the Grand Army of the Republic gathered in Chattanooga for the forty-seventh national encamp ment and for their ex-Confederate guests details of the great battle. The sham fight will culminate at historic Snodgrass hill. "All things considered, the battle of Chlckamauga for the forces engaged was the hardest fought and the blood iest battle of the war," says Henry M Cist, historian of the Army of the Cum berland, which fought the battle for the northern cause. It was a southern victory, the field remaining In the pos session of the Confederate commander, H Upper Group of monuments on Snodgrass hill, Chieksmaugs. Lower (Isft) General Braxton Braso, C. 8. A.; (right) General Willism 6. Rosecrans, Photographs copyright. 1913. by American Press Association. 1 Assembly Majority Leader Levy, chief prosecutor in Sulzer case. 2. State Senator Wagner, president pro tern of New York state senate. 3. State Senator Frawlry, head of committee which investigated Sulzer. 4. Chief Justice Cullen of court of appeals 5. Charles F. Murphy, leader of Tammany Hall. 6. Two photographs of William Sulzer 7 (left to right). Mrs. Glynn, Mrs. Murphy, Mrs. Sulzer. 8. Capitol, Albany. 9. D-CadyHer-rick, Sulzer's chief counsel. 10. Martin H. Glynn, electod lieutenant governor (acting governor). trlbutlons In aid of his campaign as contributed tor the office of governor were $5,480 and no more, and "Whereas, In truth and in fact the ' amount was greatly In excess of 6ald sum to the personal contribution of said Sulzer, and such report further ' showing or tending to show that he converled to his own private use con tributions given in aid of his said elec- Gcneral Braxton Bragg, but the mar gin of victory was very small, and his losses are generally stated to have been greater than those of his Union oppo nent. General William S, Rosecrans. Cist gives the numbers as follows: Union loss, killed. 1.6S7; wounded, 9 394; missing, 6,265; total, 16.336. Ho asserts that a full report of tho south ern losses was never made, but esti mates them thus Killed, 2,673; wounded, 16,274; missing, 2.003, total, 20.950. The battle left Bragg, as has been written, in possession of the field. Rosecrans withdrawing his troops to Chattanooga, twelve miles away. Rut Chattanooga was the objective point of Bragg's campaign, since Its possession was exceedingly Important to the Con federate cause, and he had been ma nuevered out of the city by the suc cessful strategy of Rosecrans two weeks previously. Finding, however, that the movements of Bragg, whose forces outnumbered those of the Fed erals, threatened the Union army, and fearing an attack in detail. Rosecrans was forced to concentrate his troops, and they were lying near the Chlcka mauga river when they were attacked In great force Rragg had been re enforced by the troops of Longstreet. detached from Lee's army to strength en the southern position in Georgia and Tennessee. Altogether Bragg had about 70,000 soldiers to throw against Rosecrans' 65,000. The fighting of the first day at Chlckamaugua on Sept 19. 1863, was indecisive, though very bloody. The percentage of regimental losses was very high, in some Instances exceeding 60 per cent. The second day's fighting wb equally desperate On that day an order given by Rosecrans, acting on misinformation, withdrew a division from the Federal right, and Longstreet, famous hard fighter, saw his oppor tunity to divide his enemy. He routed the Federal right and center and drove them, with Rosecrans and his staff and othsr generals, back toward Chatta nooga. Rosecrans believed the day was lost and thought it would be his pain ful duty to report a great defeat to Washington. But Thomas, in command of the Union left, held firm for the remainder of the day, resisting assault after as sault upon his position by Longstrcot's troopa When at laust he retreated on Chattanooga, at night under orders from Rosecrans, he had inflicted such I losses on the Confederate army that Ms lias at retreat was safe, WALTON WILLIAMS. tlon for the purchase of securities or other private uses; that he engaged in stock market speculation at a time when he was governor and vigorously pressing legislation against the New York Stock Exchange which would af fect the business of and prices on the exchange; that he used the power of his office as governor to suppress and withhold the truth to prevent the pro duction of evidence In relation to tho Investigation of campaign contribu tions and violations of law In respect thereto by ordering and directing wit nesses, some of whom were empdoyees of the state, to act in contempt of the Joint legislative investigation commit tee, and that further he used his office as governor In rewarding or attempt ing to reward such witness or witness es by securing or influencing their promotion in the state government, that as gcvomor the said William Sul zer hais punished legislators who dis agreed or differed with him In legisla tion enacted in the public Interest and public welfare and has traded execu tive approval of bills for support of his direct primary and other measures in i which he was personally Interested; I that as governor lie wilfully and cor- I ruptly made false public statements advising and directing ! Ifi'xenS to sup- I press evidence In reference to his un lawful use of contributions made to him for campaign purposes, and ''Whereas, he has otherwise cor ruptly and unlawfully acted or omitted to act. Therefore b It resolved that Wn ' U llnm Sulzer, governor of the state, of New York, be and hereby if impeached for willful and corrupt conduct in office i and for high crimes and mlsdemesn- I ors." What Impeachment Means. What Is the penalty for the cornralss slon of high crimes and mlsdemeanM ors"" when committed by a man In- I 1 trusted b. the people- of a. sovereign J J state with '.ho highest office within that 1 state' The constitution defines It u removal from office, with disqualifies- 1 tlon to hoi. I nrrl enjoy any office of , honor. trut or profit under the state, ( but it C"S on to state significantly that "the party Impeached shall triH l.al.U- to Indictment and punishment M according to law' if his offense be such j as to fall within the purview of the y criminal code. In other words, tas) Vi impeachment removes him from office m and prevents him from holding futursSI office. When the resolution of the New York assembly declaring for impeach- 1 ment proceedings against an official lsH approved certified copies of the inHB peachment are presented by the clerk' fc. of the body 'o rh; ac. officii, the 1 clerk of the court of appeals (the h gh- 1 est court In New York state) and thcK clerk of the senate. With the adoption! of the resc '.'itl'T th.- man un.i. r firs I' loses his office automatically, the l(euS ter.ant governor taking his place. I (This provision n the present case Is 1' contested, as stated above.) j Then the assembly delegates a coajH mlttee of prosecution, whose office ,tw' Is to bring the charges properly beforeJk the court of impeachment. The chleCl prosecutor of Mr Sulzer Is Aaron JJH Levy, majority loader of the Demo- crats In the New York assembly. 1 The state senate and the court of sp- mi peals, of which Edgar M. Cullen Is no I' chief justice, meet as tho court of UB'H peachment and fix the date of the trial, gl Ing the accused man time to prs 1 pare his defense If he has any. At the trial ho appears In person with his j counsel and tries to disprove tns-charg- s w hich the assembly's prosecu tor seeks to establish. It takes a two-, j thirds vote to convict Mr Sulzer has engaged as counsel some of the lead'ns lawyer of th.? New York bar. Promi nent among them Is Former Justice D-Cad Heirlck. Panama's Locks Are Immense Ship Elevators r ,V Photo by American Tress Association. View of Miraflores lock, showing the track on which the towing locomotives will run. These locomotives will tow vessels through the lock- Tney ; be operatod by electricity. They will climb up the curved incline in passing from one level to the level of the next higher lock. SEPTEMBER MIS. sees the com pletion of some of tho most I interesting work on the Pan .ma canal. As this Is written the great locks at Bliraflore Pedro Miguel and Gatun are receiving their finishing touches. , ,, . ,. The locks ha ye been well called an elevator system for ships" This ex pulsion H taken from a recent book entitled "The Americans In Panama, which gives tho coat of the lock- at $58,000,000 and goes on to say: "The locks are the means of lifting ships over the Isthmus A ship arriv ing at Colon (on the Atlantic side) en ters the sea level channel In Limon hay and steams for seven miles through the canal, which is 500 feet wide and forty-one feet deep, to Gatun. Here Its way is barred by a massive pile of masonry, with Impressive steel gates, and towering eighty-live feet above the ship u tho surface of tho Gatun lake. The problem Is to lift the ship to this latee 1 "As If by magic the gates swlnc open I and an electric IbCottiptiVfe, w hich has run out on a guide wall and fastened to tho ship, tows it Into the first lock. Tho gates swing together and the ship Is Imprisoned In a chamber of 1.000 feet long and 110 feet wide and built of concrete. In a moment the tyate in I this chamber begins to rise. beln sup plied through holes in tho bottom, and 1 the ship rises with the water. "Fifteen minutes after entering the 1 dock the iihlo hai risen with the water . twenty-seven and one half feeL It I I full capacity for filling the lock sn" ,il be used the ship would rise lhat h!!wl I m elgl mln ites Another set of ga swing open in front of the 'W- M th, locomotives tow It into the seco m lock, a concrete chamber of the e 1 dimensions The g.M.s havmg CIO. -I behind this chamber begins lll!lnf: J water until the ship Is raised for tweniy-soven and one-lau- m A third luck ralss the ship thirty um jm mors-