ti ty rr t lL r If I i r jtoi IG P41 1 i CI L ES DWY I 4 4 4 a eo + i a r I I 0 r i i I iJ Some Famous Women Philanthropists of Today j i C j I I i I r I ems By LOUIS SHERWIN I i i + i J f Y rLAC 11ti 1 A > 1 i HOW AMERICAS COLOSSAL I I i FORTUNES ARE BEING SPENT I I Mrs Stanford Founds a UniversityMrs Hearst the Angel 1 I of BerkeleyMrs Harriman Gives a Huge I j I I Park to the People t i N nothing do American women of i today more clearly reveal the I I 1 i active presence in themselves of I a spirit which was at most dor I h y mant in the American woman of yes I terday than in the chnractcr and qual I I ity and magnitude of their efforts in the I direction of caring for others Ii J Such is the summary of Elizabeth I I MacCrackcns judgment in her took I I about the American woman Super ficially this may sound like a very par I I I tial statement of a rhapsodically pa 1 iriolic person The Lady Bountiful I I I is supposed to have existed even ill the scmibarbniism of the Middle Ages The males of past generations pro verbially boasted of leaving charity en i tirely to their women folk And no in t telligent person for a minute supposes w that the woman who cares for others the word charity with its invidious j meaning seems fortunately to be pass I I ing from the languagenobody sup I poses that she is to be found only m this country The multimillionaire female philan thropisthowevcr is peculiar to America Nowhere cUe have so man tremendous fortunes fallen almost simultaneously under the unrestricted administration have the millions been spent so scien tifically It would seem as if some of the most prominent men who have made America proverbial for swo ten fortunes have waited until after their death to reply to the accusations of predatory finance that were hurled at them all their life long Hardly had the country overcome its surprise at the Russell Sage will and its feeling almost akin to sympathy at the magnitude of the task before Rus sell Sages widow when the news was published of the testament of E II Harriman supposed to be the shortest document of its kind on record It cer tainly is the briefest possible disposal of 149000000 But for many years before die dynamic railroad man ever thought of dying and while Sages miserly fingers were still clutching at the hoards he was piling up the bulk of two of the most famous California fortunes were being spent by the women whose names are inseparably associated with philanthropy on the Pacific coastPhoebe Appcrson Hearst and the late Jane Lathrop Stan ford Gifts to Universities The manifold and diverse beneficence I Mrs Huoaell Sago at Home of women Nowhere else have the heirs of the two lastnamed is frequently lost c > to such fortunes shown such a keen I sight of in Vicw of the size of their gifts fr x flij sense of responsibility Nowhere else to the educational institutions in which I t t i DEPARTMENT STORES OFFER it STEADY CAREER FOR GIRLS 1 I Excellent Chances of Advancement to Well Paid Positions P41 for Industrious and Intelligent Persons J t 1 J 1 1 By LAURA A SMITH j I I t I Learn to move quickly and v quietly 4 Cultivate a pleasant obliging manner Be loyal to your firm Never discuss a customer with l outsiders t Have a definite ambition to climb upwards Try to gain and keep the good I will of fellow employees Avoid gum chewing exaggerated 1 I coiffure and cheap jewelry 1 Treat all men customers with dig I nity and reserve I Never accept invitations from t strangers 0 popular Is clerking as an occu i SO pation for women that we speak of tho army of women clerks Watch tho big city shops at closing tUno and you will realize how Immense la this body of women en gaged in selling goods Formerly wo thought of a woman clork as one em ployed In a drygooda shop only but now the saleswoman greets you from behind tho counter of almost every kind of shop s In other lines of work tho first t I I 4fT question asked the girl applying for a position as clerk is What experi ence have you had Therefore if you live in a small town and have ambitions toward going to a larger city I advise you to work in your home shops for a few weeks or months so that you may truthfully say you havo had experience Clerk ing in a small general store is a fine experience for you are not confined to one counter but learn many dif ferent kinds of goods and prices In a country store you come into closer touch with your employer are called into consultation when he deals with buyers and thus you increase your own knowledge of buying ordering judging materials and what a good store needs in the way of variety Be cause you havo this general Knowl edge you may advance more quickly in the city You can fill a vacancy In any department bettor than the girl trained to sell just one kind of goods Your experience will stand you in good stead too Ittbc time arrives when you can sot up your own little shop In your own town you como In con tact with a different typo of custom I ers from those In the largo cities The persons who como to you are not professional shoppers but friends who havo faith in your judgment and who ask you to decide for them Thus you loam to sizeup customers and study how to please them Merchants they were respectively interested Of these the leastone can say is that the I high standard of education in California is due to Mrs Hearst and Mrs Lcland Stanford Being a State university of course the school at Berkeley would exist without Mrs Hearst although it could not pretend to anything like its present prosperity and an efficiency that is recognized all over the country On the other hand Leland Stanford Jun ior University owes its existence to the mother of the boy to whom it is a me morial She has practically done every thing for the Palo Alto school while Mrs Hearst has vied with her in build ing up the one at Berkeley Here arc some of the things the latter has done for the University of California she es tablished built and endowed the school II of mines i gave Hearst Hall the assem bly building in which meeting and con certs arc held built the famous Greek Theatre and whenever funds arc need ed for any new academic departure President Benjamin Ide Wheeler gen erally knows where he can get them without going outside the board of regents Mrs Hearst is a member of the board of regents v Hra Sages Country House at Lawrence L I Near Which Sho IB Conducting Experiments In tlw Housing of Working People L III addition to this Mrs Hearst has established and endowed five kindergar ten classes for the children of the poor in San Francisco The manual training school in the Golden Gate city owes its existence to her She has established kindergartens and a kindergarten train ing school in Washington D C and has donated hundreds of thousands to the American University She gave II 200000 for the erection and main I tenance of the National Cathedral School for girls She keeps up several working girls clubs in San Francisco which she has founded Mrs Stanford while she was alive was also keenly in terested in the kindergarten schools of the same city and her gifts in that di rection amounted to upwards of 160 000 She also built the Childrens Hos pital at Albany N Y at a cost of 100 000 and then endowed it with a like sum for its maintenance And these are merely some of the bestknown in stances of the philanthropy of Mrs Hearst and Mrs Stanford Mrs Sages Training The fortunes of Russell Sage and Ed ward H Harriman on the other hand will be spent in more widely differing was Mrs Sage and Mrs Harriman are far more dissimilar in their person alities and ideas than were Mrs Hearst and Mrs Stanford It would seem as if the formers entire life and training were intended to equip her for thetask with which she was confronted in her e year Mrs Sage has always been interested in philanthropic and educational work before she married the remarkable Wall Street money len In smaller towns cannot depend on tourists and surrounding towns to re lieve them of old stock but expect their clerks to sell the old stock be foro tho time comes to lay in a new supply Now though it is not gen erally admitted a clerks duty is Just as much to get rid of slowsellers as it is to sell out fresh desirable goods Tho more practice and success you have in selling the former tho more valuable you will bo to your employer Anyone can soil a customer the thing he wishes said a merchant I expect my clerks to sell him tho things wo wish sold In Smaller Towns The life of a girl clerk in a smaller town is a pleasant one There is tho I dally visiting with friends who como to the storo and the making of new acquaintances As tho townspeople are her relatives and friends she en joya more social lifo in tho evenings than tho city clork does generally Because tho girl in tho small town knows her customers personal affairs It Is difficult for her not to bring per sonal likes and dislikes into her work She needs must make new friends and forgive old enemies lest they take their spite out on her and buy elsewhere No clerk receives a munif icent salary but tho girl in the small town who has from 260 to 7 a week lives at home knows how to BOW and can make her money go much further than the girl In tho city who earns twice as much Take all those things into consideration especially the loss of homo and personal friends when you wish to go to ia larger city be cause of bigger salary In tho largo shops applying for a position is a very cut auddried affair You generally GO to a shop because you know Borne of the clerks or It has been recommended to you You are told tho way to the desk whero appli cants aro Interviewed and you aro taken on at once or your name is put t dcr she was a school teacher in an ex cessively Puritan community As a re sult she approaches her task entirely from a scientific standpoint But Mrs Harriman has more of the qualities of the mother and the housekeeper than of the school teacher and the methodi cal philanthropy She has naturally be come strongly imbued with the view point of her late husbandand it is known that Mr Harriman was no be liever in institutional charity lie did not approve of giving money to the poor but of giving them opportunities to make money Consequently when he started the work on his estate at Arden he hired exclusively local labor al though he could have got the job fin ished in half the time by giving out the contract elsewhere As it is it has lasted five years already and probably will take five years more before it is completed Helping the poor docs not mean giv ing them money In most cases that would be the worst possible thing to do says Mrs Sage And her views arc further expressed in the charter of the Russell Sage Foundation Not to re lieve individual or family need but to eradicate the causes of poverty and ig norance Within uvo years and a half after the death of her husband she had given away twenty of the seventy mill ions he left 10000000 to the Russell Sage Foundation 3250000 to educa tion 5000000 to religious institutions I The lako on Mrs Sacoo rotate on Long Island 750000 for the relief of the aged poor and invalids 250000 to the Association for the Relief of Indigent Females 300000 to the City Hospital New York for the foundation of the Russell Sage Institute of Pathology Six months after the probating of the will on tho waltlngHsU You aro but a unit in a vast system in a big department store Consider how little time your employer can glvo you when there are from one to two thousand em ployes Your style of dress will bo regulated so will your time your lunches and perhaps your recreations Most of the big stores have their clubs and dancing classes for clerks They also have restparlora sick rooms and roof gardens and libraries I for their omnlnvGK Many have day I schools for tho cash boys and girls and tho wrappers and night schools for older clerks You will be under rigid inspection every moment of tho day You must keep your hair sham pooed and becomingly arranged your complexion healthy and your hands In good condition Your gown must bo neat and wellbrushod and your neck I wear spotless Got into tho confi dence of a girl clerk and you will find that her evenings aro generally spent In washing and Ironing neckwear and white waists and in attending to her hair hands and feet The continual standing Is hard on tho feet so you must patronlzq a good bootmaker and must use every means of keeping your feet from getting tender and sore There aro two classes of clerks tho impertinent gumchewing class mem bers of which Gather in groups behind the counter and chat while tho cus tomer waits who use slang and who ridicule a customer openly and the dignified class whose members are noted for quiet refined courteous manners who do not gossip or flirt and who rise steadily from cash girl to heads of departments or foreign buyers The best way to judge the kind of clerk you wish to be isto think What kind of girl do I prefer to have wait on mo Try to bo that kind and you will not go amiss How Progress la Made I cannot better describe a clerks progress than to lot a most lovable r she doubled all the bequests made by her husband to the other heirs Homes for Working Girls I The problem of comfortable and pleasantlooking homes for working people is one in which Mrs Sage is es pecially interested Her men of affairs arc now at work on a plan for estab lishing model tenements in NcV York City Furthermore she has bought 50 acres of ground near Jamaica where she is spending 350000 in experiments for this same cause Some illustrations on this page show a portion of the progress that is being made in this quarter Her ten million dollar gift to the Russell Sage Foundation has been invested so as to yield an annual income of 00000 A large proportion of this is being spent in the AntiTuberculosis campaign The National Playground Association also is being helped and the various institutions for the blind get their quota John M Glenn is execu tive head of the Foundation while the School Hygiene Department is under the direction of Luther H Gulick Mrs ITarrimans most notable gift so far has been the Palisades Park follow ing the wellknown intention of her hus band The State of New York not only has been presented with a magnificent tract of land but with sufficient money to enable it to buy up as much more as is necessary to make the finest inter state forest reserve in the country right on the Hudson River Mrs Har riman has thus preserved for the use of the people what is perhaps the most gorgeous scenic territory in the East although it is rather a large order to make comparisons She is also carry ing out Mr Harrimans wishes with re gard to the Industrial School which he had established on the East Side of New York Helon Goulds Philanthropy The philanthropic activities of Helen Miller Gould have been well known for some time The greater part of the good done by this woman will never be known probably not even by the peo ple benefited All her life she has de voted both time and energy towards spending her share of the money left by Jay Gould in caring for the poor and suffering Her greatest individual gift was to the University of the City of New York to which she presented a li brary building at a cost of 310000 Of the 100000 she sent the United States Government when the Spanish war broke out and how she equipped a hos pital camp and went right to the scene nnd nursed the wounded herself every body knows Miss Gould is not so much I in favor of institutional philanthropy as her friend Mrs SageMiss Gould is one of the directors of the Russell Sage Foundation This does not mean that she is addicted to indiscriminate giving to individuals But not having such a tremendous sum to dispose of as Mrs and efficient young woman in ono of the large department stores tell her story as she told It to mo Bessie is neat pretty and refined Her em ployers call her a model clerk for she Is not only quick obliging and popu lar with customers but she has brains and wit enough to advance Her ex perience Is tho experience of the suc cessful girl In general Bessie says Whon I first went Into the storo I started as wrapper of pack ages and cashier for tho counter Soon I was mado inspector of wrap pers and packages and received four dollars a week I boarded with my married slater and paid her three dol lars a week Most of tho girls board at home They could not pay board outside and have enough left for car fare lunches and clothes In three months time I was transferred to sell ing boys blouses I tell you 1 felt proud when I stood behind the coun ter and sold goods 1 had to attend the school in tho stoio whore sales people are instructed how to sell how to address a customer pleasantly and to bo willing and courteous My sal ary at the blouse counter was So a week I took tho place In JUno and in December was given charge of tho counter taking the place of a girl who had been there fifteen years My hours were from S A M to 530 P M Hero I learned how to wait on cus tomers and to fill In sizes by ordering from tho manufacturer After selling blouses two years they put mo In the transfer department for ono month My salary was then 58 a week Uere I settled transfer slips when custom ers had finished chopping and gavo shipping directions I had to be quick at figures adding amounts from dif ferent bills and to know the different express companies and railroad routes Next I wont to tho handker chief departmont for ono year then to tho misses suits whore my salary was increased to 9 Then I came to whero I am now the French room MRS RUSSELL SAGE GIVES I Vf 20000000 IN TWO YEARS I Miss Helen Clay Frick and Recreation ParksPierpont Morgans Daughter and the Shirtwaist Makers Strikes i l Helen Goulds Work for the Poor Sage she is able to give more individ ual attention to the charitable gifts she makes They arc by no means confined to this country by the way as many un fortunates on the other side of the At lantic have found out Mrs Oliver II P Belmont is such a versatile personage and has been so prominent lately in her fight for Woman Suffrage that her philanthropic activi ties have been lost sight of Neverthe less they have always been in evidence The Childrens Hospital that she recent ly built and endowed at Hempstead L I is perhaps the most notable of her achievements or at least the most last ing But the shirtwaistmaking girls found her help indispensable in enabling them to win their strike This same strike by the way brought forward the personality of one woman never before heard of in this field Anne Tracy Morgan daughter of J I Picrpont Morgan Like all the others I who try to help people with their money Miss Morgan has avoided publicity as much as possible It is not always pos sible but it is only fair to say that the majority of such women try to avoid advertising their charitable propensi ties if for no other reason at least be cause such advertisement makes them a mark for hordes of begging lettef writers and other importunate persons Mr Edward Lautcrbach is another wealthy New Yorker who gives both I time and money for the benefit of the t f If Mrs Sago and John M Glenn Executive Head of the Russell Sago Foundation tl poor She was largely instrumental in getting such legislation as the Mercan tile bill the new Tombs bill the Public School Prison and Antisweating bills through the New York Legislature Then too there is Helen Clay Frick daughter of Henry C Frick the million aire banker She does not have to bit for anybodys death in order to spend vast sums in social service work as she I has already given them and is doing it I all the time Recreation parks for the people is her favorite hobby j In Chicago there arc many women I who spend not only money but brains and energy in their philanthropic enter t prises Mrs J Ogden Armour Miss Iliggcnbotham and almost a score of I I others who arc generally supposed to be frittering their time away solely in social diversions arc as a matter of fact extremely busy and capable women who loqk upon their wealth as a respon sibility which they try to discharge in j telligently In fact persons of this type tl I can be found in every city throughout d the United States STORY OF ONE SUCCESSFUL YOUNG WOMANS EXPERIENCE Hours Are Long and Pay is Small For Beginners But Good Qualities Are RewardedBenefit Funds ti soIlIng French underwear and blouses During tho first six months my salary was 10 and from the next year I have been receiving 12 a week Whon I am experienced enough to sell tho handsome French lingerie robes my salary may reach 76 a week The Hours I am hero at 746 A M They take our time and If vvo come later than S30 wo are fined It is my duty to dust tho cases and decorate the tables of the room with the underwear and robes Each morning wo got the ad vertisement for that day and read It thoroughly The buyer for this de partment gets up the advertisement Each cleric has stock to take care of to clean brush and put away care fully This occupies at least an hour and a half of time as we havo to keep leaving the stock to wait on custom ors Wo are not allowed to have any visitors nor nro the girls allowed to talk with each other This is a Just rule I think as wo need all our tlmo and attention for our work Monday for example 1 sold forty customers different garments my Gales amount Ing to 3Gi Tho girls who go ahead In clerking run a good book The Bales depend largely on tho ulrl When it Is time to close we un dross tho lay figures put the stock away and cover it Wo keep an In ventory of stock tJs work being di vided among three clerks and a stock girl The work in my department la very fascinating It is pleasant to I handle tho pretty garments and wo I got tho best clans of customors Those who insist on having something en tirely different from anything wo can show them are trying on the nerves but we learn to throw off tho unpleas ant effects In our storo there Is a benefit fund to which all must belong We arc taxed ten cents each for tho funeral of an employe After wo havo been in tho store two years wo aro allowed two weeks vacation with pay Every one is expected to take a vacation in summer as trade ia dull then Most of the girls go to tho country and a few to the seashore Many stay right at home resting and getting their winter clothes in order This Is my allowance Board 5 a week carfare CO cents washing 75 cents a dozen lunches 60 cents clothes average 3 a week Salary 12 expenses 9 OG save 5205 Any girl who wishes to clerk may take this girls experience as typical of what sho will havo to learn and to do in the average big store Toasted Cheeeo Cut some Parmesan or American cheese Into very thin sllcos or shreds Put into a tin dish and sot in tho oven i or before tho fire to toast and when i thoroughly dissolved pour Into it ono heaping tablespoonful of byVr a little made mustard and a pinch of whte pepper Serve It In the dish na hot as possible with pulled bread or place on toast 1 1 f Jn II s 1 n tt4 j r r J 5 1 j J I i v r1 + y r 1 I I I I I t s t c ii iit < i f t 1 t II tl tltl tJ tJh o P IIII II w g tI Jr JrSl 1IU IU IUrlJ rlJ rlJr ft I s S p