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VOLUME LixVIII.-NO. 121. RETIRES A VETERAN. Father Time/Sends Gen eral Schcfield Into Privafe Life. LIFE OF fIEE SOLDIER. Few Leader* Equaled Him in Handling Forces of Men. / MADE A VERY GALLANT RECORD Now Comes Nelson A. Miles, Who Succeeds to the Command of the Army. WASHINGTON, D. C, Sept. 28.— The rank of lieutenant-general of the army ex pires with the retirement at noon to-mor row of John McAllister Schofield, he then having attained the ape limit of 64 years. This title was revived in favor of General Schofield by a special act of Congress last February, and had previously been be scowed but three times— on Grant, Sher nian and Sheridan. By reason of this ex tinction of title Major-General Miles, as senior officer of that rank, will probably become the major-general commanding the army; but the retirement will not, as is usual in suoh cases, promote any junior officer. General Schofield was born in Chau tauqua County. >\ V., in 1831. He was LIEUTENANT . GENERAL JOHN M. SCHOFIELD, THE RETIRING COMMANDER. appointed a cadet at "West Point from Illinois in 1849, graduating four yearß later number seven in a class which contained "Phil" Sheridan and General James B. McPberson, and was assigned to duty at Fort Moultrie, S. C, as brevet second lieu tenant of artillery. From 1855 to 1860 he was assistant professor of natural and ex perimental philosophy at the Military Academy, having in the mean time been made a full-fledged lieutenant, and was subsequently professor of physics at the Western University at St. Louis. At the outbreak of the war he was de tailed as mustering officer for the State of M AJ OS-GEN EKAL NELSON A. MILES, WHO IS TO SUCCEED GENERAL SCHOFIELD. Missouri and commissioned as major of the First Missouri Volunteers. In May, 1361, he became captain of the First Ar tillery and a few months later chief of staff to General Lyon, taking part in the en gagements at Dug Springs, Curren Post office and Wilson Creek— at the last-named place General Lyon being killed. In No vember of that year he was made brigadier general of Missouri Volunteers. In April, 1863, he attained the rank of major-general of Volunteers, and was v signed in the following year to command the Army of the Ohio, which formed the left wing of Sherman's army, and partici pated in the famous march to the sea and its numerous battles. In Novemberi The San Francisco Call. SAN FRANCISCO, SUNDAY MORNING, SEPTEMBER 29, 1895— TWENTY-FOUR PAGES. 1864, he was made brigadier-general in the regular army, and shortly after brevet major-general, commanding the Depart ment of North Carolina, where his services in the war ended. In 1865 General Schofield was sent on a special diplomatic mission to France in con nection with the establishment of the Maximilian Government in Mexico, the result of which was an understanding be tween the two countries that the French withdraw their troops from Mexican soil. On returning from Europe he commanded the Department of the Potomac until June, 1863, when he entered the Cabinet of President Johnson as Secretary of War, retaining that portfolio until March 14, 1869, when he was made major-general and placed in command of the Department of the Missouri and later of the Division of the Pacific. It was during his command ol the Pa cific division (which he held until 1876) that he was sent by President Grant on a special mission to the Hawaiian Islands in search of information, the question of annexation being then under consideration. While his report has never been made public, his views were probably adopted by Secretay Fish, who in 1873 stated the position of the Government to be against the control of the islands by any foreign power, which declaration was reiterated by a resolution of the last Congress. General SchoSeld was Superintendent of the Military Academy in 1876, and com manded various departments until 1888, when he succeeded Lieutenant-General Sheridan as Major-General commanding the army. GEXERAL MILES PROMOTED. Will Succeed Schofield at Commander of the Army, NEW YORK, N. V., Sept 28.— The Tribune to-morrow will publish the fol lowing: Major-General Nelson A. Miles, it was definitely learned last night, has been formally told by President Cleveland that he has been chosen as the successor of General Schofield in the command of the United States Army. General Sciiofield's term of office ex pired at noon to-day, and for some time past speculation has been rife about who the new commander would be. General Miles, by reason of his seniority, was generally regarded as the most prob able new head of the army, although in many quarters it was asserted that there was a great likelihood of the President promoting General Ruger or General Mer ritt, but the appointment of General Miles is finally at rest. General Miles was seen last night by a Tribune reporter, and re- plying to an inquiry said that he had been officially informed by the President of his appointment to the supreme command of the army. Building and Wheat Burned. DfTLUTH, Minn., Sept. 28.— A fire this morning totally destroyed the elevator of the Daisy flour mill at Superior, causing a loss of $1,000,000. There were 80,000 bush els of wheat in the building, moat of it of high grade. Mrs Steinway Divorced. FAKGO, N. D., Sept. 28.— Mrs. George Steinway, wife of the Diano manufacturer, has been granted a divorce from her hus band on the grounds of willful neglect aad habitual in temperance. GENERALS AND LIEUTENANT-GENERALS WHO HAVE COMMANDED THE UNITED STATES ARMY JAeutenant- General George Washington, 1798-99. Brevet Lieutenant-General Win field Scott, 1841-61. General Ulysses 8. Grant, 1864-69. General William T. Sherman, 1869-84. General Philip 11. Sheridan, 1884-88. OLD WORLD POLITICS There Is Something Most Grave in the Far East. PARTITION OF CHINA. All Rumors Point to the Celes tial Empire as the Scene of Strife. FRANCE ALMOST IMPOVERISHED Fruitless Sacrifice of Life In Mada gascar May Lead to a Great Upheaval. f Copyright, 1895, by the New York Times. J LONDON, Eng., Sept. 28.— Lord Salis bury is still in his Normandy retreat and the date of his return continues to be spoken of as October 12, but the impres sion has grown here among men of affairs within the past few days that he is likely to come back earlier. There seems to be something grave on in the far East. It is difficult to get at definite details, but ap parently a critical point has been reached in the progress of what may be called in a general way the partition of China. The fact that new developments have arisen is confirmed by complication from numerous sources. The naval ana military clubs are suddenly full of surmises. The gossip is based on signs of unusual activity which officers at ports have observed. When the first of these was reported, it was assumed that they referred to the Armenian affair. The British Mediterranean squadron has been moved round from Salonica bo that it is now within six hours of the Bosphorus, and it is understood that the concert of remonstrating powers has completely broken down. It may be, of course, that the disturbance of the service barometer which has been noted still means nothing more than a demonstration in the force of the Dardanelles, but later rumors all point to China as the Quarter really involved. Nobody seems to have any specific news. There ia only this mysterious, formless impression, springing from no one knows precisely what or where, which here in London so often precedes actual events. The Foreign Office itself had never been so absolutely dumb before. In other times it has always been possible to obtain some kind of correcting hints as to what at least was not going on at one period. Indeed, cer tain city magnates produced in their fellows the effects of knowing more than was quite consistent with the ideal of ofMcial reserve, but this time Lord Salisbury succeeds in preserving absolute secrecy. Even the politicians who are of importance in his own party and who are on terms of inti macy with the Cabinet Ministers, are aa completely in the dark as any cab-driver. There are doubts, for that matter, if the Cabinet Ministers themselves are much wiser. Englishmen are driven, therefore, to form conclusions from external phe nomena. They see an apparent combina tion against their country both in the Mediterranean and the Pacific, on the Nile and on the Niger, and are disturbed in their minds about it. They try to take it for granted that Lord Salisbury is looking out for things and safeguarding England against all its enemies, but their hope that he will not be too late grows nervous at times. This is a state of mind peculiarly open to panic and to propagation of false alarms. Tnese rumors alluded to may be the pure product ot general uneasiness, but I think that there is something in them. President I'aure has had eight pretty quiet months of it, and indications mul tiply now that his qualities are to be put to a sharper teat. It is obvious that when the French Chamber meets next month there will be a great deal said about Mad agascar. If the Deputies were in session now it is plain enough that Ribot'a Min istry would have a difficult job to main tain itself against the popular rage over this terrible expedition. Nothing can save it if another three weeks' record of misnianagrment, falsehood and hideous waste of life is added to the Madagascar tragedy without counterbalancing news that General Duchesne has captured the Hova capital. It is doubtful if even this note of triumph will be shrill enough to avail against the lamentations and curses of the French people over this wicked sac rifice of their sons. The issue is recognized to be uncertain, and, accordingly, the boulevards are busy with rumors of dissolution and a sort of coup d'etat. These gossips predict that Waldeck-Rousseau will be chosenP resident of the Senate; that the scrutin de liste will be readopted, and that Constans, re turning to the Ministry of the Interior, will manage the new elections and so se cure a powerful reactionary majority. These are all familiar prophecies. Their appearance now merely signifies that the politicians are getting ready for another shuffle of the ministerial cards. There is, however, a practical as well as a sentimental issue impending in French politics. The national debt now amounts to $7,000,000, --000 and the deficits increase every year, while new taxation seems practically im possible. In good times the French did not mind this, but accepted it cheerfully as the price that they must pay for their dream of re covering Alsace and Lorraine; but the permanent bad times which settled down upon France for five years of stupid pro tection have wrought a tremendous mate rial mischief. The new statistical report of the Ministry of Finance reveals a worse situation than ever. Up to 1890, when the high tariff was adopted, the French foreign trade showed a steady an nual gain; since then it has sustained an even worse and a more regular diminution, the total falling off in the four years of combined exports and imports being over $250,000,000. What makes the thing harder to bear is the spectacle of Germany's constant ma terial advance. In 1880 France's total for eign trade exceeded Germany's by $272, --000,000; now, on the figures for 1894, Ger many's total exceeds France's by $470,000, --000. In the face of this immense shrinkage of the national resources, with the ruinous Josses of Panama fresh in their minds and the certainty that new burdens must be laid on the public to meet these huge bills for colonial expansion, it would not be sur prising if the French middle-class began to look askance at the Russian alliance, which is based so largely on the theory that France has illimitable money to lend, and wb ; ch is so fertile in suggestion for scattering gold in all directions. Thoughtful men who have not been pessimists nere before like Jules Roche are pointing out now that France cannot bear the load that she is carrying, let alone embark in fresh adventures. This feeling that a change of some sort must be made is undoubtedly growing, and it may result in substituting for the Ribot Cabinet a more cautious and economical administration. At all events the French ardor for spending money is just now at a low ebb, and It is suspected that the King of the Belgians finds less eager bidding for his Congo title than he anticipated. He is still in Paris, and it is noted that he is taking extraordinary pains to make him self popular in the streets and in public gatherings. It is legitimate to guess, too, that he has not believed all that he has heard about the incorruptibility of the Parisian press, for it is advertising him with enthusiasm. There is a good deal of talk about his willingness to throw in Belgian friendship as a consideration to the Congo bargain, but this is very empty nonsense. Bel* V Continued on Fifth fW«, w— * \ LOUIS PASTEUR GONE Death of the Most Noted Chemist of the Times. PARALYSIS THE CAUSE. Career of the Distinguished- Scientist, Philanthropist and Author. WAS HONORED BY ALL NATIONS Greatest of His Wonderful Discov eries Was the Cure for Hydrophobia. PARIS, Fbance, Sept. 2S. — Professor Louis Pasteur, the distinguished chemist and discoverer of the Pasteur treatment for the cure of rabies, is dead. M. Pasteur expired at 5:30 o'clock this afternoon, at his residence atGarches, near St. Cloud. His death was caused by paralysis. For several days past his con dition had been gradually becoming worse, but the end came somewhat suddenly. It was thought that he had sufficient strength to resist the advance of the malady for at least a few days more. The news of his death did not reach Paris until a late hour to-night. Louis Pasteur was born at Dole, Jura, December 27, 1822, where his father, an old The Late Professor Louis Pasteur, Greatest of Modern Chemists. soldier of the First Empire, followed the business of a tanner. Young Pasteur entered the Ecole Nor male in 1843, took the degree of doctor in 1847 and was appointed assistant professor of physics at Strasburg in 1848. He had already begun to devote himself to chem istry and had also become proficient ia molecular physics. In 1854 he removed to Lille as dean of the faculty of sciences. The staple indus try of the town was distilling, and in view of this fact, still an enthusiast in molecular physics, he devoted some of his lectures to the subject of fermentation. During the next few years spontaneous generation, wine, vinegar, the silkworm disease, sple nic fever, chicken cholera and hydrophobia that an attenuated virus of splenic fever (wool-sorters' disease), used as inoculat ing matter could produce so mild a form of this plague that it protected the animals from a more severe attack he saved mil lions to the grazers. His discovery that inoculating a person bitten by a mad dog with an attenuated virus of the poison-producing rabies acts in such a way that the original poison seems neutralized and the patient recovers has revolutionized one section of medicine. In 1863 M. Pasteur was appointed pro fessor of geology, physics and chemistry at the Ecole dcs Beaux- Arts and was elected as a member of the institute. The Royal Society of London awarded him the Rum ford medal in 1856 for his researches rela tive to the polarization of light, etc. He received the decoration of the Legion of Honor, and in 1878 he became a grand officer of that order. In 1869 he was elected a member of the Royal Society of London. He was the author of many works on chemistry, and for this, in 1861, he re ceived the Jecker prize. In 1874 a life annuity of 12,000 francs was awarded to M. Pasteur by the National Assrmbly, chiefly in recognition of his investigations in regard to fermentation. He was re ceived into the French Academy in 1882 as successor to M. Littre. In 1892 the cholera epidemic led M. Pasteur to make experiments into anti-choleraic vaccina tion, which were successful in the case of animals. A large hospital and laboratory for the treatment of hydrophobia under the Pas teur system was erected in Paris by public subscription, the municipality of Paris also contributing to the fund. M.Pasteur received all honor, not only from his own but from many foreign countries. Orders, decorations and other honorary diplomas were conferred upon him by almost every civilized country in the world. ' PROSPERITY OF CALIFORNIA. .■...--- . - - ; • - - Chariot M. Shortridge Tells of the State* Bountiful Yield. DES MOIXES, lowa, Sept. 28.— Charles M. Shortridge, proprietor of the San Francisco Call, is here visiting. Twenty years ago Mr. Shortridge carried papers on a Dcs Moines newspaper. He made his THE STEAMiK HUMBOLDT. received his attention. By his discovery reputation and money as proprietor of the San Jose Mercury, which he still owns. Speaking of California, he said: "We have had a rich harvest on the coast, and times are improving. The rail road that is being built by the business men from Stockton to Bakersfield is nearly done, and there will soon be some other roads in California besides those owned by the Southern Pacific. The Call has fear lessly espoused its cause." Speaking of the Stanford University, he said: "The university opened with more students than ever. California people be lieve the Government's claim is a just one. They think a matter of fifteen millions would not affect the university in the least, as it is commonly believed Stanford left an estate of $50,000,000, though th<? attorneys who settled it up gave out no such figures. The chances for winning the BUit are small, however." Mr. Shortridge said that the State uni versity has been advantaged by the spirit of rivalry that was aroused by the estab lishment of the Stanford University. Mr. Shortridge will leave for the East next Monday. _________________ TWO NEW MEN SELECTED Judge Jenkins Named Receiv- ers for the Northern Pacific Road. Edwin W. McHenry of St. Paul and Prank Q. Bl&relow of Milwau kee, the Appolnteee. MILWAUKEE, Wis., Sept. 28.— 1n the United States Circuit Court this morning Judge Jenkins appointed two receivers for the Northern Pacific, to succeed Messrs. Rouse, Oakes and Payne, who resigned to avoid an appearance before Judge Hanford, at Seattle, Wash., on October 2, to answer to the charges of malfeasance tiled against them in that court by Brayton Ivea, the president of the road. The new receivers named by Judge Jen kins are Edwin W. McHenry of St. Paul, who has for years been chief engineer on the Northern Pacific, and Frank G. Bige low, president of the First National Bank of Milwaukee. Judge Jenkins said that he would not appoint a third receiver for the road at present, but that he might do so later if it should be found necessary for the proper administration of the trust. The attorneys representing the Farmers' Loan and Trust Company nominated Thomas H. Lowry, the street-railway mag nate of Minneapolis and president of the Minneapolis and Sault Ste Mane road, for appointment as one of the receivers. The court said that the Minneapolis and Soo road is a part of the Canadian Pacific sys tem, a competitor of the Northern Pacific, and although Mr. Lowry had agreed to re sign the presidency of the Soo line in the event of his appointment as receiver he could not consider his candidacy. Mr. Walker, receiver of the Santa Fe system, was also proposed as a receivei. for additional Pacific Coatt newt see Fan «i 8, i and f> PRICE FIVE CENTS. WRECKED IN A FOG The Steamer Humboldt on the Rocks at Point Gorda. WILL BE A TOTAL LOSS. Passengers and Crew Taken to the Shore in the Lifeboats. WATER INVADES THE HOLD> The Unlucky Vessel Is Fast Going to Pieces— Story of the Disaster. EUREKA, Cal., Sept. 28.— The steamer Humboldt is on the rocks off Point Gorda and is a total wreck. A. H. Buhne and Purser Laird, who got ashore in a small boat at 11 o'clock this morning, hay« reached this city. Mr. Buhne is laid up with an injured leg. The passengers were all taken safely to shore this forenoon, probably before the first boat containing the purser and hia men landed. This boat landed some fif» teen miles above the wreck. The passen gers were taken to the shore in lifeboat^ the fog having lifted. All are restine com fortably at the Petrolia Hotel. This in formation was telephoned late to-night from the Mazeppa ranch. The mail was not taken off, but in all probability the life-saving crew will do so when the tug arrives on the scene. The Humboldt is lying about 1000 yards from land, with her stern pointing shore ward, and is breaking up fast. The story of the wreck, as told by Mi\ Buhne, is as follows: "We were coming along up the coast in a dense fog and met a strong current from the northward. When in the vicinity of Point Gorda, about 3:30 o'clock, the steamer ran into a nest of rocks. Imme diately all was confusion among the pas sengers, but Captain Edwards was very cool. The officers went among the passen gers, telling them to dress, and the life* boats were made ready to leave at an in* stant's notice. "As soon as daylight came the captain ordered Purser Laird, First Mate Bono and two seamen to take a boat and en deavor to make a landing. I volunteered to go, being familiar with the coast. One passenger was also taken along. "At the time we left the boat was rest* ing easily, and Engineer Lindsay reported that water had put out the fires and the steam pumps were useless. Several blades are broken off the propeller. "We cruised about among the rocks lor six hours before effecting a landing, which, we did in a miraculous manner. The fog lifted for an instant, and we ran on a small strip of beach. Immediately upon reach ing shore a man was found and he was sent to the nearest telephone for assist* ance." As soon as the news reached this city the tug Ranger with the owner, Richard Sweasey, and a life-saving crew staited for the scene. Anxious relatives started on the trip overland down the coast. Noth ing has been heard of the tug up to 8 o'clock this evening. As the fog is still thick the tug may have difficulty in find ing the Humboldt. as the latter's whistles have been silenced by the encroaching water. Captain Edwards said before the purser's boat left that he would stay with the ship unless the danger became too great.' £ sounding taken shortly after she struck found 9 feet of water aft and twelve feet forward. On the land side the rocks are COPPER^ RIVETED OVERALLS AND SPRING BOTTOM PANTS. EVERY PA! GUARANTEED fOR SALE EVERYWHERE