She— Can you tell me a good name for
the new lady's magazine I intend to bring
out?
He— Oh, call it The Last Word, for ev
ery woman thinks she must have it.
Now, thousands of windmills have been
set lip on the plains, largely for Irriga
tion purposes during the past ten years,
but their efficiency Is practically*; limited
to the watering of ten-acre plots in the
narrow strips - along the rivers where
¦The utility of sun power will be strik
ingly Illustrated on the Great Plains.
Here the Government has made exten
sive investigations of the underground
supplies. It was found that water could
be had In narrow strips along the rivers
—notably along the Platte and Arkansas,
at an average depth of ten feet. Outside
of this belt Is another ; and - wider ' one,
where water is found at a depth of' ten
to fifty feet Still further out is anoth
er district, enormously greater than
those already mentioned, where water
may be had at a depth of 50 to 100 feet.
These three divisions cover ' the larger
proportion of the areas which will be ir
rigated, but there are smai.er districts
within this area where the underground
reservoirs He at various depths from 100
to 350 feet. -
(Continued from Page Six.)
tation is "run off," which is carried into
the streams. A portion is lost in evapora
tion, some is absorbed by the ground and
remains to mo'sten vegetation, but a con
siderable part finds its way through
porous soil, and the seams in the' earth
far below the reach of all growing things
to subterranean reservoirs. A portion of
these underground waters burst forth in
springs or artesian outpourings, but. we
know that enormous underground rivers
and lakes exist beneath the crust of the
earth and that they are regularly rein
forced by falling rains and melting snows.
Then there are numerous Western
streams that may be said, to flow upside
down—the ground on top and the moving
current underneath. A notable instance
is the Platte. which Bill Nye has de
scribed as "one mile wide and one inch
thick," and to which he ascribed "a wide
circulation but.very little influence."
"Huh!", replied the Eminent Scientist,
"they can't understand the answers,
either."— Baltimore American.
"But, If you cannot understand the
messages how can you answer them?"
asked the Obtuse Person.
"Yes, we are receiving and answering
messages from Mars every day," said the
Eminent Scientist.
"Future ages may see the seat of em
pire transferred : to regions of the earth
now barren and desolated .under intense
solar, heat— countries which' for that very
cause will not improbably become the seat
of; mechanical and thence political power.
.Whoever finds the way to make Indus
trially useful the vast sun power now
wasted on thedeserts of ; North Africa or
the shores O f > the . Red Sea will . effect : a
greater change in men's affairs than any
conqueror in history has done; for he /will
once more people those waste places with
the i life > that Yt> warmed there in v the'^. best
days of Cartha ge and of j old Egypt;; but
under another civilization, where man
Professor S. P. Langley of the Smith
sonian Institution placed the following
prediction ¦ on record as long as fourteen
years ago: .
It' may ' be well to remark upon one
economic result that Is plainly foreshad
owed. This Is the fact that the use of
solar power in the Industrial life of arid
regions must make for the Independence
of individuals and communities. , It is
conceivably possible for some one to make
a monopoly , of . flowing streams and nat
ural water powers. But the sunshine may
no more be "cornered" than the surface*
of the earth Itself. This great source of
power belongs to all alike. Fortunately
the cost of the mechanical plants required
for its utilization is within the reach of
average ¦ people. The cost of large plants
Is not beyond the means of small co
operative companies. -Thus sun power
seems likely to prove an influence of
enormous moment' in shaping the future
civilization.. * '..''.' . : ¦
degree of solar heat, acordlng to the
best scientific information, to produce one
horsepower lf.it can only be utilized. The
solar motor solves the problem of Its util
ization. Its far-reaching influence may
be left to the imagination, of the reader
until future events shall have written the
great story In their own indelible charac
ters upon the ¦face of the earth.
water may be had at ten feet' The com
ing of the new . power, far more potent
than that which is gained by harnessing
the wind. - though .at no more cost of op
eration means the extension of | Irriga
tion to the wider belts of upland, where
water is deeper. This means in turn more
Intense cultivation, smaller farms, denser
population. Therefore the influences
which are sure to follow the Introduction
of solar power upon ' the plains must be
great and far-reaching. This remark ap
plies not merely to Kansas and Nebraska,
but to the two Dakotas and to the im
perial domain of : Texas. • Potentially one
of the most. fertile, yet actually one of the
most barren tracts on the continent. Is
that known as the Staked Plains of West
ern Texas. , It is barren because its two
most valuable resources 'have. not been
utilized. These are the sun which shines
above them and the sheet of water which
lies beneath. V
What is truev of these wide-stretching
plains .is. practically; true of all the arid
regions of the world. Cheap motive power
is .the Indispensable condition of the ex
istence of civilization. And power de
mands either falling water or abundant
fuel. Relatively to the needs of a dense
population, there Is little of either water
power ' ' or.' -„ fuel, ; ' = but upon every
four ' square -feet of the surface
of ;.;:•;¦; thieae, regions there falls a
WHEN the big .American line
steamship St. Paul ran aground
in a dense fog on the Jersey
beach, near the lower end of
Long Branch, before daylight on January
25, 1S96. In the cargo was W.250.000 in gold
consigned to a firm in New York. It was
essential that this should be landed. Ar
rangements were made with the Merrttt-
Chapman Wrecking Company to have the
stranded liner hauled off. She and her
cargo, including the gold, were heavily
Insured. After it was found that it was
going to be very difficult to float the "big
ship the consignees of the gold/who need
ed it In their business, appealed to Cap
tain Clark as Uoyd's New York agent to
have it landed. It remained aboard the
vessel three days; the fact of it being
there rendered the underwriters liable for
a heavier tax In the event of the vessel
being floated.
Naturally the American line did * not
make , any strenuous efforts to have the
bullion discharged, and Just as naturally
Lloyd's were anxious • to get It off as
quickly as possible, for In the event of a
storm arising and causing the destruction
of the ship the gold would have added so
much more to the loss of the underwrit
ers'. Captain Clark chartered a steamer
and offered to lake charge of the gold and
land It- Thereupon the captain obtained
a promise that the gold wquld b« landed
immediately. Thus the underwriters were
relieved of the further risk and expense
of floating the stranded ship. The gold
was transferred to the lighter Haggerty
down a sagging chute-suggestlTo stretch
of canvas in bags, kegs and boxes. Twelve
men armed with revolvers guarded the
treasure as it was transferred from a pier
to a truck and taken to a vault In 'Wall
street.
The award of $106,000 for salvage service
in the case of the St. Paul was the largest
ever obtained In an admiralty court. The
St. 'Paul, was aground ten days. It was
said that she had not a plate bent or a
rivet started.— Alnslee's Magazine.
Biggest Salvage
on Record.
WATCHES often suffer from
changes of temperature. After a
watch has been worn next to a
warm body all day it should not
be left over night on cold marble or near
an open window. The cold is likely to
contract the «nctal pivots, and, however
slightly, tighten up the works. The next
morning, for no apparent reason, one's
watch will be found to be losing time.
It frequently happens that watches are
slightly magnetised by ctatlc electricity
given off by the human body. It has been
found that dark people are more likely to
exert this Influence over their watches.
This influence is, besides, more common
among women than with men. Persons of
this sort can never hope to carry the cor
rect time unles* they carry their watches
In rubber or steel cases.
Never lay your watch down for the
night in a horizontal position. It should
always be huns? vertically, as It Is carried
during the day. If the pivot of the bal
ance wheel be the least worn this change
of position tends to loosen the "cap
Jewel."
Every one has had a watch suddenly
*top for no apparent reason and go on
aRain when slljhtly shaken. This may not
happen once a year, but all watches are
liable to Buch an accident. This Is due
usually to the catching of the delicate
hairspring-. It is caused by some sudden
movement, euch as jumping on. or off a
car. The jolt must come at the exact
fraction of a second when the spring Is in
position to catch, so that the chances of
such an accident are rare. A watch should
be oiled every eighteen months. The o.t
dries up In this time as a rule, and If ti.e
mecbaniem lie run with the oil dry it
quickly wears out
In examining a watch all Jewelers fol
low the same plan. They first look to see
if the bands are caught. If the fault lies
deeper they next take out the balance
Tricks That Our
Watches Play.
THE SUN IS HARNESSED AT LAST
shall no longer worship the sun as a god,
but shall have learned to make it his
servant."
Many jewelers have collected fees for
repairing watches when the watches re
fuse to go merely because they have run
down. Women are " said to be the best
customers of the watch doctor, since they
6eldom wind their watches regularly. A
watch should be wound early, in the day,
and not, as is the common practice, at
bedtime. The reason for this Is that the
spring is tightest during the day while
the watch is being carried, . and Is less
sensitive. (£?$?.
wheel and examine the pin and pivots.
Next they let down tae mainspring and
examine the wheels. It sometimes hap
per.s that a Jeweler will not find the cause
of the trouble for days. The mo'st difficult
disorder to locate is a Slight burr on one
of the wheels.
We live in an age of improvement,
so why should we not make the most
of them?
I do not believe that one woman
in fifty knows the value of borax as
f- toilet article. The water used in
city hoin-ss and at many country
places is hard and incapable of per
forming its duties as a cleansing
agent. Softened with borax it will
not only clean the skin, but whiten
and keep it smooth. It is better and
easier to keep toilet borax in liquid
form, an ounce of powder in a quail
bottle of warm water, and more borax
added when that has been dissolved
until the water refuses to take more,
and there is a sediment at the bottom
of the bottle. Only enough to soften
the water is : used ,and when accus
tomed to it a woman is hardly will
ing to return to the half-way meth
ods which formerly distinguished her
toilet. * "
room, and made a line of it around
the rooms where she had found bugs,
puffing it into cracks and corners
with the little bellows. She sprinkled
behind the furniture, inside bureau
and table drawers, on shelves, and
even on the backs of framed pictures.
There was no abiding place for -bugs
in that house after she had gone her
rounds. She said that she did not
mind the powder a bit, because she
knew that it was both harmless and
'clean.
most of -which are inexpensive. She
will be if she is wise. •
The best household friend, in my
humble opinion, is a liberal supply of
pure borax. I hope you realize the
full significance of that word "pure'';
for few articles of commerce are. more
generally adulterated than this Sam's
innocent-looking white powder. Very
little of the really pure article finds ,
its way into the home because borax
is not a proprietary article and the
demand has . sometimes exceeded the
supply. So it is mixed with various
ingredient's which destroy its virtues
in a measure, generally *soda, which
works havoc, with the skin and deli
cate textures like it.
It is always wise to test borax be
fore "relying upon it. Put a little in
the bowl of a spoon, pour on a little
vinegar, and if it foams the least bit
return it to the dealer of whom it was
purchased, with a request for this
pure article or the money you paid
f cr the stuff. It has a liberal per
centage of soda in its make-up and
will not do the work of pure borax.
In . an unadulterated state borax
softens the water and becomes a won
derful cleansing agent. In the home
ly task of dish-washing there are no
terrors when hot water and borax are
liberally used. Few women seem to
realize that there may be two ways
of washing dishes, one of which must
be superior. Wh?n plates are care-.
(Copyright, 1301, by Walter B. Guild.)
SHAVE a deal of sympathy for th«»
I woman who is tied to a life mad)
up of distasteful household tasks,
Lut much, much more for those who
r.re' forced to live -with her. I have
observed that those who declare their
hatred of housework are invariably
¦without system,, and no home was
ever run successfully, without system
—no business has ever flourished on.
haphazard methods. No enterprisa
of one-tenth part of the importance
of home-making will ever bs success
fully carried through by any but
business methods. .
The unwilling housekeeper makes
everything difficult for herself be
cause she will not bother to test the
merits of new ways. She is too in
different to care for aught but the
time that awaits her at the close of
her work. What is the use of telling
her that there is a right and a ¦wrong
way to accomplish tasksP She does
not care a straw about methods.
There is a class of housekeepers,
however, whom I may be able to as
sist with a few suggestions— tha
¦willing but inexperienced women
who are striving to make an attrac
tive home and having rather hard
work of it, too, considering the many
helpers in the way of labor-saving
. devices. A housekeeeper ought to be
provided with all these assistants,
There is something objectionable in
the very word "sink" when applied
to an important part of the kitchen
furnishing. It suggests odors and
other unpleasant things which can
only be driven away by the sight of
some housekeeper's pride, a kitchen
sink shining with- cleanliness. The
. Dish towels can only be kept sweet
and clean by constant care. They
will be ell you wish them if, after
being used, they are put into a pan of
water with a tableapoonful of borax
and boiled for fifteen minutes. They
come forth white and clean-smelling
without injury^ to the fiber and the
work of washing out the stains.
Qy Mrs. Martha Jajt Weniworth.
fully scraped with a palette knifa
whose pliable blade makes it particu
larly suited to such purposes the task
is rightfully begun. A pan of. hot
water, a tablespoonf ul of borax, puro
castile soap, a dish mop, hot rinsing
water and plenty of clean, dry towels
will make • bright china, silver and
glass and do away with greasy dish
water and red, parboiled hands.' Only
novices and careless women wash
dishes in the old-fashioned way of
plunging thV nand3, wrist deep, into
water which grimes and crackles the
skin, and makes the hands hopelessly
ugly. Expsrience has told nice wo
men that the task of cleaning the
store of tableware may be made dain
ty without more than wetting the
tips of the fingers. •¦ ;
cleansing after each meal is not
suit/dent to bring about- such results;
there must be extra care bestoved
upon it. Many a sore throat or hend
nclie in the family might be traced,
with reason, to the sink, where mi
crobes breed happily and in abun
dance. Borax is an antiseptic and
puts <•. an end to these little family
gatherings when.us?d twice a week
cr so with hot water and soap and a
rinsing ;• with dear borax water
after it. j ' ' ~> - v ¦-'';
The teakettle, coffee and tea pots,
the milk cans or jars, in fact, , all
kitchen utensils are cleaner from con
tact with the simple little household
blessing— borax. I know homes
¦where it is used for everything which
can be introduced to soap and water.
The family linen is renowned for its
whiteness, the homes are pointed out
as models of cleanliness, and 'this is
secured without any show of undue
labor and with very little expense.
I know that there is not a bug of
any description in those homes, .al
though they are located in apart
ments in large buildings which offer
the strongest attractions to water
bugs and cockroaches. There used tc
be plenty of both kinds in ons of the
homes, as I remember it, before the
mistress armed herself with her box
of borax, and tiny bellows. She sprin
kled borax powder about the sink and
pipes, both in the kitchen and bat h-
It is especially the tonic effect of
the cold zveather upon the brain
which gives the northern people the
energy, stamina and vitality zvhich
contrast so plainly with the apathy
of the southerners, and results in
the former developing an advant
age over the latter in all industrial
and commercial pursuits.
The cold climate is essentially the
climate of the white races, for the
latter do not flourish as zvell where
the snozv never lies. The bitinz
kiss of the frost king is indispens
able for their development of body
and mind. They invariably degen
erate when, after being born in a
cold climate, they migrate to a
permanently zvarm one.
produces it, the nurse should, as an
essential part of her task, fre
quently bathe the entire face of the
patient with ice-cold zvatcr while
he is azvake. This procedure, be
sides reducing the fever somewhat,
tones up the jiervous system, di
minishes the apathy, prevents deli
rium from setting in, stimulates
the appetite, heart and respiration,
and tends to prevail complications
in the lungs and brain. The treat
ment of typhoid by cold baths is
founded on the same reasons.
IN FEVER— In fever of any
kind, especially when it is high,
zriiatevcr may be the disease zvhich
The Unwilling Housekeeper
What a great stride in common
sense and wisdom trill have been
accomplished whcii the people can
realize that breathing cold air can
COLD AS A REMEDY.
IN WRYNECK— In wryneck
of reecnt origin a hot application,
prolonged and repeated is very ef
ficacious tozvard giving relief and
promoting cure. Heat in this, case
is best applied in the form of a flan
nel or woolen cloth wrung out of
hot water, renewed as soon as it
has lost its heat, or a hot poultice.
The hot application not only rc
liezes the pain, but also promotes
the cure of the trouble.
the skin is not involved.. Similarly
the pain of. sciatica may be relieved
by wrapping up the entire afflicted
limb with a blanket zvrung out of
hot water.
IN HEADACHE— The head
ache following mental overwork or
due to summer heat, fever, eye
strain, digestive disorders, consti
pation, congestion of the brain, tier 1
vous exhaustion, etc., is alzvays re
lieved by cold water. This is best
applied by placing the head under
the faucet and allozring the cold
water to run over the face, espe-
IN INSOMNIA— In insomnia
diie to mental overwork or mental
depression 4 caused by anxiety,
anger, worry, grief, fright, etc.,
the application of cold zvatcr to the
entire face, especially the forehead,
is one of the best procedures to
hasten the advent of sleep.
water every morning, wcanng
clothing which permits a slight sen
sation of cold, and going out barc
necked, arc all measures which
tend to decrease and cure the pre
disposition to "colds."
IN ITCHING— A friction with
cold water is as efficacious as any
remedy in relieving any form of.
itching on the skin generally. The
same may be said of the so common
and troublesome itching at the anus,
where, hozvever, the cold application
should be more prolonged.
. IN SPRAIN— During the two
first days after an accident result
ing in a sprained ankle the applica
tion of cold compresses is a remedy
zriiich cannot be excelled by any
other. The patient should sit with
the foot elevated, and a cloth dipped
in ice-water every five minutes, or
an ice-bag, be kept constantly on
the affected part.
IN NOSE BLEED— Pressing
a piece of ice or snozv on the bleed
ing side of the nose for about two
minutes is a very effective means
to check the hemorrhage. If in ad
dition to this we place a piece of ice
at the nape of the neck, any nose*
bleed, except those of the sez'ercst
nature, trill rapidly stop.
daily the forehead; or in summer
by taking a cold sponging or bath.
fling the head and neck and taking
hot baths in summer, are as many
predisposing causes of catarrh.
Muffling the neck does not protect
the throat; it weakens it. It is safe
to say, and experience clearly
shozvs, tlwVzvashing the face, neck
hands, and even the chest with cold
feather-beds, using zvarm zvatcr in
the daily morning ablution, muf-
seasons.
Whenever sleeping - rooms are
heated their temperature should not
be raised higher than 50 degrees F.
We~~shoidd also rcmepiber that
heat increases and cold decreases
the permanent sensibility of the
skin, and that an increased sensi
bility always means an increased
predisposition to taking cold. For
this reason it is plain that living in
overheated rooms, keeping on un
reasonably zvarm clothing in mod
erately cold zi'cathcr, sleeping on
It is unfortunate that our civil
ized peoples should know so, much
about their pleasures and comfort
and so little about the foundations
of their health; that they should be
so partial to heat and so fearful of
cold that they should fail to knozv
or comprehend that the energy of
our body, the activity of our mind,
digestion, nutrition, easy sleep, in
short, all the functions of the body
of day and night, are promoted or
improved by breathing. cold air, and
impaired by breathing warm air.
Cold air is exhilarating and
arouses firry energy of the body;
if to this we add that it is richer
in oxygen than warm air, zvc zvill
'have a full explanation of our in
creased activity during the cold
pic arc nrccr predisposed to taking
cold, and when this happens to them
it is only the result of sheer reckless
exposure.
Thus,, a pain in the stomach, bel
ly, chest and even throat may be
materially relieved, as zccll as the
fains cf joints and muscles where
IN PAIN — Heat is also useful
to relieve an internal pain, but
should never be applied to relieve a
pain in the skin. In severe pains it
trill, hozvever', give only partial re
lief. The hot application should be
made right over the location of the
pain, remembering that the degree
of heat must be as high as can be
borne; simple warmth would pro
duce no effect. For this purpose the
hot water bag is very convenient.
Persons zvho arc susceptible to
frequent attacks of coryza should
suspect a chronic morbid condition
of their noses; and be examined' by
a physician or specialist. Such a
condition, if present, should be
radically treated in order to re
move the susceptibility.
As to local treatment within the
nose in simple coryza, a cleansing
wash consisting of a good pinch of
common salt and as much borax
dissolved in a glass of warm water
will hasten cure. Nothing can dis
integrate the thick and adherent
matter and clear the nose better
than salt water. Some of this so
lution should be poured into the
palm of the hand and snuffed re-
ing headache, pain in the
eyes and closure of the nose, posi
tively the most natural and best
remedy coiiststs in the local apMica
tlon of hot water, as hot as can be
¦ ¦-¦¦'. ..¦
borne. This application should
last at least one minute each lime
and be repeated five or six times in
the course of the day. It is best per
formed zi'ith a tozi'd repeatedly
dipped in a basin of hot zvatcr and
applied all over the forehead, cyc±
and nose. Tliis application gives
prompt relief from the pain and
promotes healing; whoever tries it
will invariably be surprised at the
good results.
/.V CORY Z A— When edryza
or "cold" in the head has dc
vclopcd Jo the point Gf caus-
HEAT AS A REMEDY.
Copy right 1900.
sleeping room is, like the outside
air, invigorating and purer than
hot air; it induces a good, refresh
ing sleep, and one rises in the morn
ing with a stomach calling for food
and a brain and nerves ready for
work. No better evidence of the
beneficial influence of cold air could
be found than in the case of farm
ers, who rarely, if ever, heat their
sleeping-rooms. This class of pco-
At the same time zvc cannot lay
too much stress upon the very fact
that it is chiefly- through breathing
cold air that our nervous system be
comes toned up to the winter stand
ard. A moderately cold air in the
not hurt our respiratory] passages
unless the latter be already dis
eased; that exposure to cold is bene
ficial if one keeps physically active,
and that the danger from cold
arises only from prolonged expos
ure in a statidstill attitude. :'L
THE SUNDAY CALL.
"Oh. decidedly! - Her family feuds with
the very best people there!"— Detroit
Journal.
"And she is recorded as one of the aris
tocracy in Kentucky?"
Cows in \ Belgium ; wear earrings. ; This
is in accordance with the law, which de
crees ';. that ? every animal of the bovine
species when ; it ha9 . attained the age of
three months must have. In its ear a ring,
to which is attached a metal tag bearing
number. The object Is j to 'preserve 1 the
exact record of the number] of animals
raised each year.; ;
Belgian Cows
Wear Earrings.
ALL kinds of diseases may be traced
to the eating, of unwashed fruit,"
said a well-known authority on
bacteriology. In commenting upon
the spread of disease through unknown
sources. The result of a careful exam
ination has clearly shown the danger
of eating fruit of any kind with
out washing it. Grapes kept for some
time in a basket on a fruit stand were
so covered with dust that the water in
which they were washed was black. The
man of science, thinking that perhaps the
water contained tubercle bacilli. Injected
into three guinea pigs a small quantity
of it. One animal died in two! days; the
others died in less than six weeks, both
the latter presenting marked signs of tu
berculous' lesions. The ". water and vessel
that contained it had been sterilized be
fore the experiment was made, 'so that
without doubt the disease germs were on
the grapes.
Danger in Eating
Unwashed Fruit.
YOU no doubt have heard of cyclones
blowing feathers oft chickens, or
possibly you may have witnessed the
operation, but whether you have or not. it
Is a fact that cyclones are sometimes
chieken pickers, as well as the pickers of
other things.
Well, an ingenious German/with a de
vastating cyclone for his model, has in
vented a machine that creates cyclones to
order, while you wait, for chicken picking
purposes. His cyclones are inconsiderable
in size, but very intense in their field of
action, which Is large enough to embrace
a Shanghai rooster/
You take the rooster or other fowl to
him. he touches a button and before you
can wink twice every ¦„ feather Is off the
bird. Several cross currents of air from
electric fans, * turning at the rate of 5000
revolutions a minute, do the work.
- ' « ? » — ¦ — ; —
"That waiter is either a dunce or & hu
morist, I'm not sure which.'*.
"What's the matter?"
"I asked , him : for some extract of beef
arid he brought me milk."— Philadelphia
; Press.
Chicken-Picking
Cyclones.
THE SCIENCE OF HEALTH
NATURAL THERAPEUTICS BY HEAT AND COLD.
7