- . .~bmp d .r . . .h . . . .ed
be-4Anun 1wi i
are fbu, an thes only reianig quosd
awether the htate oightato partleN
b' ith i:dividuals, and tovat
eapnse of thir cbtstradiict
,t the liat
to n th d brmuity ry gq
t t the t 4 "
aid Wi dis 9, a- er
prise. pfeIe onfident otp
tinge of self fite'resti ai
guard against an inmproviet hesimet
or- prodalexp dituro I
ybeachitn liisedf"encuE
be ascefl and a.39siau Luei
by which to ap ono r
contribujtlis. ~~i np i ~
- ~~the altornatile is" te oton f
bitrary rulle by wlie1i1 0 y
- mated. Two-fiftlieo st~nwi in
seems to hae r
theapr tIo, and was -one a
dopted b rState as a p l h ut
cther counsels have since pri'i~,~
each case hid' left -td providoafor it~f.
This ought Vot to be . The e litoi
improvement is abroad, di oir peop4d
ought-to know what aid they are dei
riv from the comii stock i tlipjlose
cution of enterprises calculated mainly to
promote our common welfare& If two
fit ethought too :nuch, adbyt tho pro
* portjn'of one-third, or oenless'blit let
at le fixed and permanent.
We are met here with th cbjection
that it is inexpedient and improvident to
increase the publi debt, and I agree thal
it ought not to be done without some pres.
sing ah d obvlous puble necessity. But
t is believed that the fund generally de
signated as the surplus revenuc, no ox
isting for the most part in the form oi
Stcsin the Rail RloadCopnad
debts due by them might besafelyelied
on for the m r an' am"uni
sufficient to moote present emergency,
at least to a reasonable extent, without in.
creasing the public debt.
It may be that some difficulty may be
found in raising money on the credit ci
- these securities alone. But, if, as I sup
pose the present investment is secure, I
am not able to see what risk the State will
*run, cr wvhat the public debt will be in
creased, if the State, as the means of in.
suring a ready market for the securities
were to guarantee their payment. An in.
dividual, having a sum'of money secure.
ly investdtvould not feel that he ran any
risk in raisigney u ossredt e
ito 6e fulld an pmnenpcee
the fl amount, for a further invest
meet, and having securely invested that,
where would be the objection, in an co
nogmical view,o borrowing aike sun, if
by so doing. riesonable p rofit might -be
expected from itt But I go further-all
works of this character are intended, aned
ought to be permanent, and the experiene
of the wrnd is, that if well and judi
tciously located, and faithfully executed,
their usefulness and value are progressive,
and each succeeding year developes more
and more the wisdom of the design. It
s postenty, then, who are to reap the full
fruits, and it is fit that they should contri
bute at least a portion of the expense of
rearing theman upon the principle be
fore stated, I htl-hat it iould be safe and
wise, oven to incur a debt in the constru.
tion of any work, from iiicha the savini
to the community at large would be equa
to the amount of the interest on the sum
borrowed, with the addition of a small
sum, ihich would operate as a sinking
fund, and thus divide the expense between
the present and future generations-pro
vided it did not impose unreasonable bur
thens on either.
If you should entertain these views,
and determine to aid the construction of
all or any of the projected Roads, care
ought to be taken that they are so located
ato be productive of the greates cam
mon benefit-.that the sum'subscribed by
individuals, wvith wvhat the State shall con
tribute, be sufficient to pay the expenses
of the projected iork, and that it wvill be
performed in good faith. The payment
of the contributions of the State should
be made in the ratio to be adoepted, and
follow the disbursements of the sums sub
scribed by individuals in that ratio.
Large sums have been from time to time
appropriated to improve the navigation
of our wvater courses, between a line ex
tending fromi Cheraw to Hamburg, and
the sea-coast; and I can only account for
the uitter neglect of the rivers above that
line, by the entire failure of the attempt
to improve the navigation of .them some
* thirty years ago, by the construction of
canals-around the rapids at an immense
expense, which have proved entirely use
less, with one solitary exception. We
had not then any experience in works of
that description, and there is no doubt w as
greatly over reached in the contracts for
their construction, or that they might now
be constructed for one-third of the amount
expended. But the true cause of their
failure and final abandonment will be
found in the entire neglect of the improve
ment of the navigation in the intermnedi
ate spaces, wvhich might then have beeni
made at a sniall expense, and at still loss
now. It was useless to kecep the citnals
in a condition tpo pass even the small erafl
used - n'h~ transportation of produce,
wh6~i i&i'.sboth above and below
we , i~hlle, except when the wvaters
wer6 A thing above their ordimifry
height. The difliculties and uncertain
ties of the navigation obliges the planters
* ~ even on the banks of the rivers, to em;./oy
their wagons and teams to transport their
least double wvhat it wvould eost If the na
vigation of th ieswere rendecred safeb
! emF
:4..
od teis
anrbo v 5010 on
now. mloyed :on 0.e re.
tag ~woulde ied
heaygaion:asto ade
g odublethat burthen,
lrolvxed-!-an4I haaid
at leastl.4othese
red na1vigable for
Ihesi byI 0neans of
rn, to'an. esirable
t'e'c i gAfth 6r
teft ; ica e di, pe.itho
ril %- -!S the
a litmotg-undil suppose
never will -*rgeted on the margui
.f ile4e ri lilitpade should
.interect~hin the r~inabdve will ope
Iatd aW fcddr to thenM There have
bien sov el econnoIii0es of'somai
v "Br6&dQ Rver, with a
the expenso necessary
assag pf ,the .bpa now
.K,0q?)) ls ee pae i, wtout the
atid . scieine, an'd vauno. b- 'relied on
ievn for that purpose. .1 would, therefore,
respecttiblygmbmit to you the propety
of' proviip. for a survey, ofsome or all
of the'se a viowto .h.We expense. o1
thieiraiiv aicn by the.oiasspof bt.-noe
enp edo ', of poleboats ofa lar
olas and steambonts oefa light draft
DAVID JOHNSON.
ANDREW H. BUCUANL, EDITOR.
A RVILS. C.
IX~neshag, esemcrber 15, 185i7.
AGENTS FOR THE BANNER.
Messrs. Wm, & Co. Sumterfiile, S.. C.
.T. W. PEauss, Esq., Camden, S. C.
COTTON.
The traief .ons in the cotton iiarket-diu.
ring the past -week were to a moderate ex.
tent only in Charleston. A few bales were
sold at prices from 7 to 7 3-4.
LIEUT. BAKER.
The friends of this gentleman will be gli
to hear that he reached his home in Suntei
District, last week in fine health and spirits
He is one of the fortunate few who.have paq
sed unscathed through the -various vicissi
tudes that have laid low many of Carolina',
worthy and gallant sons. He has undergonc
the hardships and exPosurS,.,uf a twelvc
month's campaign without any injury to hit
health or constitution, except an occasiona
attack of rheumatism, and he has faced the
Mexican guns and bayonetts without recei
ing a scratch. We are indebted to hint fo
the following information,, which we publis:
for the benefit of the friends' and relations oi
those who are still in Mexico.
*Captain SUMTER was wounded under cir
cuistanced somewhat difierent from what we
before heard and published. Hie was attempt.
ing to force an entrance into a suspicionw
looking house, near where his meni were
quartered in the city, when a Mexican with
in fired a pistol at' him, the bail passing
through the hand and up the arm three or
four inches, The ball shivered the larger
bone of the arm, and Capt. S. will conse
quently never be able to support any weight
with it again.
The following are the names of the non
commissioned officers and privates belonging
to the Sumter Company on the 1st November,
All of thern were at the City of Mexico, ex
cept GRoOMES who is in New Orleans, and
ALLEN and BRUMDEY, who wvent up with
General PA TTERSON and have probably joined
their comrades e're this:
S. M. Boirxrq, 0, S.
P. N. GnjuxAr. 2nd S.
RUFUni YAUGHAN, Corporal.
E. HI. Josns, Corporl.
B3 Caughmnan, A F Allen,
Tr Gainhey, WV Groomis,
T Koarney, Buhl,
Q Smith, Rogers,
Henry Moody, Ilunt,
J W Nichols, Dunn,
J Powers, Williams,
J Brumby, 8tanley,
J Ramsey, 8anley,
Hixon Kolb, Hinds.
Thqse in Italic are men who have joined
the Company after it left this District.
Lieutenant BAKER saw -MALLETT and
BauMnr, in Puebla. MALEKTT was ex
tremely ill of Typhus Fever.- Bainnv was
wvell and expected to go up to Mexico with
PA TTRsoN's train. R. Moonv had died there
a few days before.
It will be seen from the above statement,
that our Company is reduced to a mere skele
ton. The other companies of the Regiment
are equally reduced so that the entire Regi
ment would not make more than three full
companies.
Lieutenant BAKEN, informs us that GenI's.
QUrTMAN and SHIEL.DS have premised to ap
ply personally to the War Department to
have the Regimobt discharged and that Gen.
ScorT h'rs recommnended that it be disbanded.
It is probable therefore that it will return
very soon.
TIIE PRESIDENT'S MENSAGE.
The Message ot P'residlant P'OLK, has
reached us. It iw'ilen fior ouar paper,
occupyi ton co!umns in the Mercury.'.
On the i eAt of the war w ith Mexico, it
recommends to Congress to make suitable
provisions for carry' ~ the wvar withiigr
until our enemy it to termns. For
this purpose it, ,0> that an eflitine.,
.ttl
- ,Ou r t gvrn ety
ii ar repgf y e
tOry ,
ree v m h uuliit
0..
ofrs ai Perti
Ourre t g6vromien
ml are reeI !ng ofUa 6Ei'E RE
Mychi-.W -noaaschsts6 hg
.44. f
of. Inte ti in atter. .
7.
Mr. MI,u 'of Massachusetts, a whig,
has been erectd4peaker of the U. S. House
of Represent He is an avo ed advo
cate of the Proviso . -
Mia. EDrron:-The exltfitioii of I r
To-r-rEN's asme..gphy cainef on
Saturday nigt, tthe Oo'it House,-before,
a large and int ig t au.ienhe. oAliour
before the Lip. appointed, the house was
crowded to oidTilowing, waiting in ainxidus
ouspense, fro the songs of the merry warb
lars. In the interim the auddrico weri sol.
aced by sevekal musical instr:inents, upon
which the performers did "dikcourse most
eloquent music.
Prof. T. commenced by puttinj promiscu:.
ots, questions, which were answered with a
surprising correctness.and promptitude. Af
ter which the niost important lessons were
sung, with we:mainfest approliation.
Several sopante ekaminations were made,
one of a boy si.or seven years of age, gave
the capes in Europe, in soing, and another re
peated the bodid of water in Europe-by
far onie'of the hardest lessons-to the satis
faction of all preseat. We think this exhibition
proof conclusive, of the efficiency of the sys
tem, and of its great superiorty over the old
plan of teaching, He has effected all he
promised, ad the whole class has obtained
in the twenty lessons, more than could have
been obtained, ty close application. in the
same number of months, by the old plan.
It is "just the ting," and we hail -it as one
of the great and iuportant improvernCnts in
the'march of science.
The exhibition closed, a few valedidictory
temnarks were *Pae by Prof. T. in which he
gave much good vice, and we hope it will
not pass unheededi or be soon forgotten..
Junrus,
Fron the Gor*fdA4&s of Ih Char.'Acr
j1)LuULA, Dec. 6, 1847. _
The two Hoiuseo having attended the Rxer:
cises of the Colle Commencement, which
took place this molning in the presence of a
numerous array ci' fashion and beauty, re
turned at 12 o'cloek to the State H-ouse, and
proceded to busihess. A letter - from the
lHon. J. S. Richardson wvas read by the spea
ker, in reply to ttp resolutions passed by the
House on Saturdniy. in which he says, that he
is not sensible of the infirmity charged upon
haim, and that he holds. himself ready to an
awer at any time: -the Legislature shall ap
point, reserving hwever all his constituional
rights. On motic , the letter was laid on the
table to await tI& order of the resolutions
themiselves. The election for Chancellor
evenituaited in the choice of Hion. G. W. Dar
gn, of Darlington. The vote I despatched
to you immediately by Telegraph. We are
now getting into the business of the session
in good earniest. .T'here is much to be done,
and I should not be surprised if the session
was protracted to a very unusual length. A
spicydebate arose to-day on the preseintment
by Mr. Carew of the private report of the
President of the Bank. Mr. WVrtght, of Lan
caster, moved the report be printed, and
cop~ies be distributed amaonn the members. It
was strongly opposed by Alessrs. Palmer and
Memminger, and the House refused to print.
Mr. Memminger has introduced a bill to de
line the line of the channel of Ashiey River,
adjacent to the City of Charlcston,but will not
pass it until the City Council shall indicate
their views on the subject. The object of its
introduction now, is merely to give time to
that body to act.
We lhnd the pleasure of seeing to-day a
lad of seventeen years of age, one of the re
turned volunteers of the Edgefield Company,
who lost his right arm at the stormning of the
Garita. 1His extreme youth and intelhigeujee,
together with the circumstances I have men
tioned, made him as object *of peculiar inte
rest. I understanq that the Board of Visitors
of the Military Acgdenmy intend placing himu
in one of Ihese institutions, in order to give
hint the benefit of an education.
Tl-e Oorernor's (Guard's Capt. Tradewell,
the Inependent Phr Ciorjumy, and a lengthy
procession of citizens, proceeded to the Rail
Road Depot- this eveng to receive,thie gal
lant Senator from Checster, Major E'aves, and
his comipanion-in anns, Wmn. 13. Stameoy, the
hirst Lie:. in the~ Itichlaind company. who
haive just returned Iromu Mexico. I aim hap
p'y to state thatthe Major looks remairkably
well, and I learn will take his seat in the
Senate to-morrow.
Trhe arrival of these two gentlemen was
greeted wvith the warmest enathiusism, and
they mnst be gratified at the high apprecia
tion which is had of the services they have.
rendered to their country.
T he Old Tea lieUc.-JDor.'t throw away
that, old tea kettle, because it has got no lid,
I say,' said Aunt 1/a~tty Parley.-'lt is one of
the uznost useful artic les in the pot closet,
When you have an old tea kettle, then'oui
have the very hest thing in the wvorld for
cooking potatoes. Wash them, cut off' the.
end were the eyes am thick, and put them in
the tea kettle wil wut any water, and hang it
over a moiderate fire. and ini half an hour or
so you will have your potatoes baked, died
andh meahl'. and just the very thing foreo good
dinner. [lie nuose of the kettle allows all
the moisture of the vegetable to escape, andi
aii old teu kettle is indispensable to goucd eat. -
ing puotat(oes.'
~Ij.
a.Dc id ~ rlsved'up W
py~J~T~i l Bru
eOnieht ofat'V
andibudlgdt
ing landso
~aughaz
bh
Wh~e n. ,
O 0i trat k ~ z t1a
ore'or less in Clarendoia Jni
ihnMitchamP., R..ale! in
Win. Hito, -levied upon aS t er
RachasidcI), Bwell, at the ua~ fA RK
BiradhrAj,)Thniel E. Kellfiind Z1af.:rong.
gaintl McD Elvel To be ' at the
risk of the fo me jiinibsor.
Onet brat'of ( e f d
in Clarinont, adjol n1ands of -and an.
bd Catchell, leviod tipo.-i the "rIi ?of
Samtuel F. Hurs *tat the suit of '
Lot and Buildings th01er n
where defendant4 kieps a store in t
ville, -adjoining lands of: W.- 8Hot and
Wru. Hlaynsworih,-levied ifpon s the proper
ty of P. 0. Sullivar, at the sut of Di B.M6.
Laurin ind John E.'Brown.
One Horse, also two lots arnd
buildings theron in Manchestre -ajining
lands of Mrs. )llIot, Lackey n ihi
Ramsay.levied Opon as the property'f, nl:
J. Tindallat the.suit of, J. S. &L Dwie 4
caues, Rosevelt &'Baker, E. B. Bioddid &
Co. 3 cascs. -
One tract of61 i acres of
L-nd in Claremont, adjoininrV lands of Jo
B.flossard, Estate of Ezra Allen siad ,Wm.
Ross, leVi44 upon as tha property ofrii: T.
WatL, at the suit of John B Miller, co4i ..
agninst Wino T. Watts and Wm.Rosr.
Defendapt's interest in one
tract of 5000 acres of land in Fork of Back
River, adjoining-fandR of L. B. Davi,T. J.
Wilder, and others, levied upona2 :hoprop
erty of Francis Sumter, t . hd suit of Sarah
Allen, A. Anderson, and J. Moses.'
Ono tract of 3 acres of' land
in Suintervidlo known- as the Tan Yardi a.4
joining lapds of Mrs. Burh and others, levi$"
upnas thle lropiqty of P-. .sullivianatht
suit 6Z te Stetoi Bouth Caroliia JL.
Brown and organ.
Orif 200 acres l
iii' .Midill~ rn a is FJ~d
antom ie E. Z W cko de
%pon as t of Thodlfjaiuock
the suit of i ,F. Wilko', for Win 'an' -
cock: and W. &.Lightfoot. -:
One tract of' 500 acres of3 ia4
more or less in Claremont, adjoining lands h
--on Beech crook, near Statesburg, levied
upon as the property of Francis Sduter at
the suit of Roach & lBy and 'Miller, Ripley
& Co., A. Anderson and F. . Mose..
One tract of' 500 acres of land
more or lees in Claremont, adjoining lands of
on Bcech creek, near Statesliurg, ley.
ied upon s the property of Thos. I). S~umter,
at the suit "of 'D. 11.1001l and Dank of plt
of South Carolina.
One tract ot 500 aco'lafInd
more or less, in Claremont, adjoining lanids of
-- on Beech creek, near-States ljurg, levied
upon as the property of Sobastian dhuuttoi',
at the suit of .Wm. K. Dixon' and:Win.' 1.
Spencer.
One tract of 164 acres of hand
in Clarendon, adjoining lands of John W.
WVells and Jas. RL. Brock, levied upou'ds
the property of Charles J. Carpenter, at the
suit of V. L. Brewer.'
One traict of 844 1-2 acres of
land in Clarendon,' adjoining lands of J. HI.
WVhitehead, estate of F:J. Rbdgw~iay aind Ed
ward Davis, on Ox swamp levied 'upon, sa.
the property of M. 3. M. Murpy, at the suit~s
of Dlelormeo & White, T.'J. Dinkins, . Thos.
Young and H. H Bronson.
One tract of 3, acres otland
more or less ira Claremoint, adjointing lands' of
R. Singleton and F. S. Belser, levied upon' as'
the property of Williarp'Artis, at the suits of
Wmn. Nettles, an&Mille'r, Ripley & Co. S
-One tract of"10ace f ai
irn laedoadjoining lands of Davhl G.:
Shorter and estate of Joseph Ioronblevied
upon as the pro perty of James Carteri, senr-'
at the suit of Felder, 'Brigga,: & Coi Also,
abouttOO0 lbs. of seed cotton; to be soldeon
Tuesday.at defendant's residence iq Claren
inon.
One trect of 300 acrt.f1ifed
in Clarendqa adjoining land ijJLZ
property of fe . Neson, ~~
the suit 0E yoel L. Green, vs. tiA,
A dm'r. of P. Fr Neion. '
THOS.' '3V ILDER, B. &
Dec. 11, 1847.'
SHERIFliS S iEs.
By virtue of sundry Ekecutions 'to me di
rected, will be sold at. Sumter Court House,
,n the first Monday and da following (nJau..
nary next, within the lp al houra.of sale,
:o the highgast pidder, foCu i, the followru ,
PsolProperty. flachillers id pa3 'for
16e~gro, Ievied opias the pro
porty r'f 1. R. idler, EW'6r. or Mte. .; Sio
gleton, a 'ai W. W, Andersoii(and
33n e kvied on as thei
>ropeay 'i J. 3. I~e at the suits of 'Mi
e, Ri11ep &Soc. 2 cases, C. M. 'Rilig4.
on 'earraz'and J. Latoh.e
1' noo leviodon &ta
ierty o b.es Brumadp at. thW $$Ift
tate Voth Caroli
orseie
r o
1
PLB
Us ass .
arras
'rs vrk o as t pr
D Wla b~ypod idi I
Taxca, ClH. hnu'r atO
S o vem ~l
&1 negro, levied on as tepo
f ar ah A. Feler at th sut tt
ne r leeyied on as the
of Evies, at the utoB
- I.
eroe(00id 1o
p *eof-R. J ~edy at 'the uN "il
9 sasC, H tP
'1 horse, levied on athe pro
V rl of W3rob. A. Flder, ntthb'suit of L,
rforR Lgi~ SHiit9 A.Flnr & ..
iller.vnR5M.0!
ncgr lvied 1 te h A11 -
pertyof n Jaunkhs, at 'the suithe I'W' t .
1 'loioyd.iro
2ne e u t
ihe se pro
hnn81at n
peIrtyo,
Brolighton ar. 2 CAsee.
S ro'Dil ne i
of~ tte Jo axe.
perty of Fhs:D tna Mii
or&ngram, an r'st
3 those, lvsa a h 44gP
portkl ofd T.' T. Toft b~~ery '~ . suit
Sum.tColough
1 Nagros kv o as the
ppertyof Jo.. hxphead ait of
1horse, levied on as th jroA
pert of:W. W. Toltcbday, at t s to
oJ.~& Coivige ~
1 waone levied on as thepo
ert of J.'J H ~Vieod t the ui'f
S.owie
n ho, levi1 on as t roe
~etof. W. Leeiday at teit of
1horse, levie4.on as the.pr
peryifoJ Dan. Holia,in t the sUited~L
J. . M oe. -~' - -
1 negro, levied' on as thopr
prty -of F. A.V. Nbi at theuit oA
S . inda. hpo
1 ine'ro levied on as the ,ro
rtofk .. .ini, a the suit WI
1 :hore, levied on as te po.
t or . . Berryns at th' sui of o
vel3 t. dr B i o a - u t o
1 horsb~lovi~on'uatl\pic
~pbrty of Cyrus Morse, adrnr ~f~tsy
Garner, at the suit o' Hnri.
&..Gilbert,.Edga~~ 4~~uc
Jobt I3 Miller~
THOS~ J.WI t
11thJDoo. 1837w
Rceivedb ~ 4.