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be made, and that this wise and beneficial po'i
.cy, so auspiciously resumed, will be continue J.
Great care should bo taken, however, to com
mence no work which, is not of sufficient import
tance to the com -neree of the country to be view
ed as national in its character. Butworks which
have been commenced should not be discontin
ued until completed, as otherwise the sums ex
pended will, in most cases, be lost
THE XAVT.
The report from the Navy Department will
inform you of the prosperous condition of the
branch of the public business committed to its
charge. It presents to your consideration many
topics and suggestions of which I ask yonr ap
proval. It exhibits an unusual degree of activ
ity in the opearations of the Department during
the last year. The preparations for the Japan
expedition, to which I have already alluded; the
arrangements made for the exploration and sur
vey of the China Seas, the Northern Pacific, and
Behring's Straits; the incipient measures taken
towards a reconnoissance of the continent of
Africa eastward of Liberia; the preparation for
nn early exami.iation of the tributaries of the
River La Plata, which a recent decree of the
Erovisional chief of the Argentine Confederation
as opened to navigation; all the enterprises,
and the means by which they are proposed to
be accomplished, have commanded my full ap
probation, and I Lave no doubt will be produc
tive of most useful results.
Two ofiicers of the navy were heretofore in
structed to explore the whole extent of the Am
azon river from the confines of Peru to its mouth.
The return of one of them has placed in the pos
session of the Government an interesting and
valuable account of the cLaracter and resources
of a country abounding in the materials of com
merce, aud which, if opened to the industry of
the world, will prove an inexhaustible fund of
wealth. The report of this exploration will be
communicated to you as soon as it is completed.
Among other subjects offered to your notice
by the Secretary of the Navy, I select for special
commendation, in view of its connexion with
the interests of the navy, the plan submitted by
him for the establishment of a permanent corps
of seamen, and the suggestions he has presented
for the reorganisation of the Naval Academy.
In reference to the first of these, I tuke occa
sion to say that I think it will greatly improve
the efiiciency of the service, and that I regard it
as still more entitled to favor for the salutary
influence it must exert upon the naval discipline
now greatly disturbed by the increasing spirit of
insubordination, resulting from our present sys
tem. The plan proposed for the organisation of
the seamen furnishes a judicious substitute for
the law of September, 1850, abolishing corporal
punishment, and satisfactorily sustains that act,
under conditions well adapted to maintain the
authority of command and the order and secu
rity of our ships. It is believed that any change
which proposes permanently to dispense with
this mode of punishment, should lx prccecded
by a system of enlistment which shall supply the
navy with seamen of the most meritorious class,
whose good department and pride of character
may preclude all occasion for a resort to penal
ties of a hash or degrading nature. The safety
of a ship and her crew is often dependent upon
immediate obedience to a ctmmand, and the
power to enforce it must be equally ready. The
arrest of a refractory seaman, in such moments,
not only deprives the ship of indispensable aid,
but imposes a necessity for double service on
others whose fidelity to their duties may be re
lied upou in such an emergency. The exposure
to this increased and arduous labor, since the
passage of the act of 1850, has already had, to a
most observable and injuious cxtentthe effect
of preventing the enlistment of the best seamen
in the navy. The plan now suggested is design
ed to promote a condition of service in which
this condition will no longer exist. The details
of tins plan mav be established in great part, if
:nt altogether, by the Executive, under the au
thority of existing laws; but I have thought it
proper, in accordance with tha suggestion of the
Secretary of the Navy, to submit it to your ap
proval. " - ' ; ,
The establishment of a corps of apprentices
for the navy, or boys to be enlisted until they
become of age, and to be employed under such
regulations as the Navy Department may devise
as proposed in (he report, I cordially approve
and commend to your consideration, and 1 also
concur in the suggestion that this system for the
early training ot seamen may be most usefully
engrafted upon the service of our merchant
marine.
The other proposition of the report to which I
have referred the recognition of the Naval
Academy I recommend to your attention as a
project worthy of your encouragement and sup
port The valuable services already rendered
by this institution entitle it to the continuance of
your fostering care.
THE MAILS.
Your attention is respectfully called to the- re
port of the Postmaster General for the detailed
operation of his Dcpartme-iit during the last fis
cal year, from which it will be seen' that the re
ceipts from postage for that time were less by
$1,431,6 than for the proceeding fiscal year,
being a decrease of about 23 per cent
This diminution is attributable to the reduc
tion in ratesof postage made by the act of March
3, 1851, wbich reduction took effect at the com
tacneement of the last fiscal year.
Although in its operation during the last year
the act referred to has not fuelled the predictions
of its friends by increasing the correspondence
of the country in proportion to the reduction of
postage, I e1:iuM levertheless question the policy of
returning to the higher rates. Experience warrants
the expectation that as the community becomes ac
customed to cheap postage, correspondence will
increase. It is believed that from thin pause, and
from the rapid growth of the country in population
and business, the receipts of the Department must
ultimately exceed its expenses, and that the country
may safely rely upon the continuance of the present
cheap rate of postage.
FGKVER RECOMMENDATIONS RENEWED.
In former messages I have, among other things,
respectfully recommended to tho consideration of
"Congress ;he propriety and necessity of further legis
lation for the protection and punishment of foreign
connsuls residing in the United Suites; to revive
with certain modifications tho act of 10th March,
1S3S, to restrain unlawful military expeditions -ainst
the inhabitants of conterminous States or ter
ritories; for tho preservation and protection from
mutilation or tbeft of tho papers, records, and ar
chives of the nation; for authorizing the surplus rev
enue to be applied to the payment of the public
debt in advance of the time when it will become
due; for the establishment of land offices for the
sale of the public lands in California and the Terri
tory of Oregon; for the construction of a road from
the Mississippi valley to the Paef.c ocean; for the
establishment of a bureau of agriculture for the pro
motion of that iutercst, perhaps the most important
in the country; for the prevention of frauds upon
the Government in applications for pensions and
bounty lands: for the establishment of a uniform fee
bill, prescribing a specific compensation for every
service required of clerks, district attorneys, and
mwsfcals; for authorizing an additional regiment of
mounted men, for the defence of our frontiers against
the Ii'dians, and for fulfilling our treaty stipulations
with Mcixico to defend her citizens against the In
dians "with equal diligenoo and energy as our own;"
for determining the relative rank between the naval
anl civil officers in our public ships, and between the
officers of die Army and Navy in the various grades
of each; for reorganizing the naval establishment by
fixing the number of officer! in each grade, and pro
viding for a retired list upon reduced pay of those
unfit for active duty; for proscribing and regulating
punishment in the navy; for the appointment of
commission to revise the public statutes of the Uni
ted States, by arranging them in order,supplying de
ficiencies, correcting incongruities, simplifying their
language,and reporting them to Congress for its final
action; and for the establishment of a cnmmUaion to
adjudicate and settle private claims against the Uni
ted States. I am not aware, however, that any of
these subjects have been finally acted upon by Con
gress. Without repeating the reasons for legislation
en these subject, which have been assigned in form
er raecsage. I respectfully recommend them again to
your favorable conrideratioa.
I PEoraiTlES TO THE PUBLIC MONIES.
j I thin': it due to the several Executive Departments
in u ij Li ii mc ill. iu iiiii ircjMiiiuuu iv iiio oinrien-
cy and integrity with which they are conducted.
With r!1 the careful saper'nt?udeni'o which it is pos
sible for the Heads of those Departments to cxrcise,
still the duo administration and guardianship of the
public money must very much depend on the vigi
leiKC, iutcliigeace, aud fidelity cf the subordinate
ofiicers and clorks, end especially on those entrusted
with the settlement and adjustment of claims and
account-". . I am gratified to Relieve that they have
generally performed their duties faithfully and well.
They are appointed to guard the approaches to the
public Treasury, and they occupy positions that ex
pose them to all the temptations A seductions which
the cupidity of speculators and fraudulent claimants
can prompt them to employ. It will be but a wise pre
caution to protect the Government against that source
of mischief and corruption, as far as it can be done,
by the enactment of all proper legal penalties. The
laws, in this respect, are supposed to be defective, and
I I therefore deem it uiy duty to call your attention to
the subject, and to recommend that provision bo
made by law for the punishment not only of those
who shall accept bribes, but also of thoso who shall
j cither promise, give, or offer to give to any of thoso
, officers or clerks a bribe or reward touching or rolat
i ing to any matter of their official action or duty.
FOREIGX IXTTRVEXTIOS.
It has been the uniform policy of this Government
from its foundation to the present day to abstain
from all interference in the domestic affairs cf other
nations. The consequence has been that while the
nations, of Europe have been engaged in desolating
wars, our country has pursued its peaceful course to
unexampled prosperity and happiness. Tho wars in
which we have been compelled to engage, .in de
fence of tho rights and honor of the country, havo
been fortunately of short duration. During the ter
rific contests of nation against nation, which suc
ceeded the French revolution, we arc enabled by tho
wisdom and firmness of President Washington, to
maintain our neutrality. While other nations wcro
drawn into this wide-sweeping whirlpool, we sat quiet
and unmoved upon our own shores. While the
flower of their nunerous armies was wasted by dis
ease or perished by hundreds of thousands upon tho
battle field, the youth of this favored land were per
mitted to enjoy the blessings of peace, beneath" the
paternal roof. While the states of Europo incurred
enormous debts, under the burden of which their
subjects still groan, and which must absorb no siull
part of the product of the honest industry of those
countries for generations to come, the United States
have onto been enabled to exhibit the proud spectacle
of a nation freo from public debt; and, if permitted
to pursue our prosperous way fur a few years longer
in peace, we may do tho same again.
But it' is now said by some that this policy must
be changed. Europe i.s no longer separated from us
by a voyage of months, but by steam navigation has
brought her within a few day's sail of our shores.
Wo tee more cf her movements, and take a deeper
iulcre: t in her controversies. Although no one pro
poses that we should join tho fraternity of potentates
who have for ages lavished the blood and treasure of
their siii jeefs in maintaining "the balance of power,',
yet it is said that wo ought to intcrfero between con
tending sovereigns and their subjects, for the pur
pose of overthrowing the monarchies of Europe aud
establishing in their place rcpublican'icstitutions. It
is alleged that we Lave heretofore pursued a differ
ent course from a sense of our weakness; but that
now our conscious strength dictates a change of poli
cy, and that it is consequently our duty to minglo ia
these contests aud aid those who are struggling for
liberty
This is a most seductive but dangerous appeal to
the generous sympathies of freemen. Enjoying as
we do tho biebsings of a free government, there is no
man who Las an American heart, that would not re
joice to see these blessings extended t all other na
tions. We can not witness the struggle between the
oppressed and his oppressor any where without the
deepest sympathy for the former, and the most anxi
ous desire for his triumph. Nevertheless, is it pru
dent or is it wise to involve ourselves in these foreign
wars? Is it indeed true that we have heretofore re
frained from doing so merely from tho degrading
motive of a conscious weakness? For tho honor of
the patriots who Lave gone before us, I can nut ad
mit it. Men of the revolution who drew the sword
against the oppressions of the mother country, and
pledged to heaven '"their lives, thoir fortunes, and
their sacred honor"' to maintain thoir freedom, could
never hare been actuated by so nnworthy a motive.
They knew no weakness or fear where right or duty
pointed tho way, and it is a libel upon their fair
fame for us, while we enjoy the blessings for which
they so nobly fought and bled, to insinuate it. The
truth is that the course which they pursued was dicta
ted by a stern sense of international justice, by a
statesmanlike prudence and a far-seeing wisdom,
looking not wnerrly to the present necessities, but to
the permanent safety and interest 'of the country.
They know that the world is governed less by sym
pathy than by reason and force; that it was not pos
sible for this nation to become a "propagandist" of
free principles without arraying against it the com
bined powers of Europe; aud that the result was
more likely to be the overthrow of republican liberty
hero than its establishment there. History has been
written iu vain for those who can doubt this. France
had no soonsr established a republican form of gov
ernment than she manifested a desire to force its
blessings on the world, Her own historian informs
us that, hearing of some petty nets of tyranny in a
neighboring principality, "The National Convention
declared that she would afford succor and fraternity
to all nations who wished to recover their liberty;
and she gave it in charge to the executive power to
give orders to the generals of the French armies to
aid all citizens who might have been or should be
oppressed in tho cause of liberty." Here was tho
fal:;o step which led to her subsequent misfortunes.
She soon f-oznd herself involved in war with all the
rest of Europe. In less than ten years her govern
ment was changed from a republic to an empire; and
finally, after sheding rivers of blood, foreign powers
restored her exiled dynasty, and exhausted Europo
sought peace and repose in the unquestioned ascen
dancy of monarchical principles. Let us learn wis
dom from her example. Let us remember that revo
lutions do not always establish freedom. Our own
free institutions were not tho offspring of our revolu
tion. Tbey existed before. They were planted in
the free charters of eclf government under wbich
the English colonies grew up, and our revolution on
ly freed us from the dominion of a foreign power,
whose government was at variance with those insti
tutions. But European nations have had no such
training for self government, and every effort to
establish it by bloody revolutions has been, and must
without that preparation, continue to be a failure.
Liberty, unregulated by law, degenerates into anar
chy, which soon becomes the most horrid of all des
potisms. Our policy is wisely to govern ourselves,
and thereby set such an example of national justice,
prosperity, and true glory, as shall teach to all na
tions the blessings of self government, and the un
paralleled enterprise and success of a free people.
We live in an age of progress, and ours is emphatic
ally a country of proge?s. Within tho last half-century
tho number of States in this Union has nearly
doubled, the population has almost quadrupled, and
our boundaries have been extended from tho Missis
sippi to the Pacific. Our territory is chequerrd over
with railroads, and furrowed with canals. The in
ventive talent tf our country is excited to tho highest
pitch, and the numerous applications for patents- for
valuable improvements distinguish this age and this
people from all others. The genious of one American
has enabled our commerce to move against wind and
tide, and (bat of another has annihilated distance in
the transmission of intelligence. The whole country
is full of enterprise. Our common schools arc dif
fusing intelligence among the people, und our indus
try is fast accumulating the comforts and luxuries of
life. This is in part owing to our peculiar positon,
to our fertile soil, and comparatively sparse popula
tion: but much of it is also owing to the popular in-,
stitutions under which we live, to the freedom which
every man feels to engage in any useful pursuit, ac
cording to his taste or inclinaton, and to the entire
confidence that his person and property will bo pro
tected by the lnws. But whatever niny bo the cnuso
of this unparalleled growth iu population, intelligeno,
and wealth, one thing is clear, that the Government
must keep pace with the progress of tho people. It
must participate in their spirit of enterprise, and
jvhile it exacts obedience to the laws, and restrains
aiinnautnonr.ed invasions ot tiie rights ot neighboring
istates, it should foster and protect homo mdustry.
aud lend its powerful strength to the improvement of
such means of intercommunication as are necessary
to promote our internal commerce and strengthen
the ties whi'-b. bind us together as a people.
It is not strange, however much it may be regretted
that such exuberance of enterprise should cause
some individual to mistake change for progress, and
the invasions of the rights of others for national prog
ress and glory. The former are constantly agitating
for some change in the organic law, or urging new
and untried theories of human rights. Tho latter are
ever ready to engage in any wild crusade against a
neighboring people, regardless of the justice of the
enterprise, and without looking at the fatal conse
quenses to ourselves and to the cause of popular gov
ernment. Such expeditions, however, are often stim
ulated, by mercenary individuals, who expect to share
the plunder or profit of the enterprise without expo
sing themselves to danger, and aro led on by some
irresponsible foreigner, who abuses the hospitality
of our own Government by ieduceing the young and
ignorant to join in his scheme of personal ambi
tion or revenge, under thefalso and delusive pretcneo
of extending the area of freedom. These reprehen
sible aggro?sions but retard the true progress of our
nation and tarnish its fair fame. They should,
therefore, receive the indignant frownsof every good
citizen who sincerely loves Lis country and takes a
pride in its prospsrity and honor.
Our Constitution, though not very perfect, is doubt
less the host that ever was formed. Therefore let
every proposition to change it be well weighed, and
if found beneficial, cautiously adopted. Every pat
riot will rejoice to seo its authority so exerted as to
advance the prosperity and honor, of the nation,
whilst he will watch with jealously any attempt t;
mutilate this charter of our liberties, or pervert its
powers to acts of aggression or injustice. Thus shall
conecrvativism and progress blend their harmonious
action preserving the form and spirit of the Consti
tution, and at the same time carry forward the great
improvements of tho country with a rapidity and
energy which freemen only can display.
CONCLUSION.
In closing this, nvy last annual communication,
permit me, follow-citizens, to congratulate you on
the prosperous condition of our beloved country.
Abroad its relations with ail foreign powers are
friendly; its rights are respected, and its high place
in the family of nations cheerfully recognized. At
homo we enjoy an amount of happiness, public and
private, which has probably never fallen to the lot of
any other people. Besides affording to our own citi
zens a degree of prosperity, of which on so large a
scale, I know of no other instance, our country is an
nually affording a refuge and a home to multitudes,
altogether without example, from the Old World.
We owe these blessings, under Heaven, to the hap
py Constitution and Government which were be
queathed to us by our fathers, and which it is our
sacred duty to transmit in all their integrity to our
children. We must all consider it a great distinction
nnd privilege to havo been chosen by tho pooplo to
bear a part in the .administration of such a Govern
ment. Called by an unexpected dispensation to its
highest trust a t a season of embarrassment and alarm,
I entered upon its arduous duties with extreme diffi
dence. I claim only to havo discharged them to
the best of aa humble ability, with a single eye to
the public good; and it is with dovout gratitude, in
retiring from office, that I leavo tho country in a
state of peace and prosperity.
MILLARD FILLMORE.
WAsnixGTOx, Dec. 6, 1852.
LETTER FROM THE PRESIDENT.
Washington, Nov. 27,
The Republic by the consent of the President,
published the following:
Washington, Nov. 12.
Hugh Maxicell : Your note of yesterday came
to hand this morning in which you state a con
versation with Mr. Law, from which you learn
ed that the Crescent City will go to Cuba and
enter the port of Havana in defiance of the
Spanish authorities, and if fired upon, she will
be surrendered, and that then and others will
immediately commence hostilities against tue
Island. You say, also, that-you desire to know
whether he is right in persisting in the pursuit
of lawful business, and that if the Government
shall tell him he must not go, he will not. If,
however, nothing is said against his going, he
will infer he has a riijht to ro.
Iu regard to the chief matter of your letter,
permit me to say in the first place, that I do not
admit the right of Mr. Law or any other citizen
to threaten war on his own account, for the pur
pose of seeking redress for real or imaginary
injuries, and then to call upon his government
to say whether it approves or disapproves of
such conduct, and assume its approbation unless
the act is forbidden. The Constitution of the
U. S. has vested in Congress alone the power of
declaring war, and neither executive branch of
the Government nor George Law have any right
to usurp that power by commencing war without
its authority, and if he shall attempt it, it will
be my duty, and it is my duty and determina
tion to exert all power confided to the Execu
tive of the Government by the constitution and
the laws to prevent it.
I am resolved at every hazard to maintain our
rights in this controversy as against Spain, and
I am equally resolved that no act of our own
citizens shall be permitted to place this Gov
ernment in the wrong. Mr. Law has an un
doubted right to pursue his lawful business, but
when a question is raised between this Govern
ment and a foreign nation, as to whether the
business he pursues is lawful, or pursued in a
lawful manner, the desision of that question be
longs to the governments and not to him. If
his object bo to assert his right to entei (hi ort
of Havana with such persons as he may choose
to select, in defiance to the laws of the Govern
ment of Spain, he has certainly done enough to
present that question for decision to the govern
ments of Spain and the United Statas. Nego
tiations have already commenced, and our rights
as we understand them, have been asserted,
and as I said before, will be maintained, but the
acts of this Government cannot be controlled
by the interference of any individual. It is en
tirely unnecessary that Mr. Law should repeat
these attempts for the purpose of settling the
controversy. If he- wilfully does so, and in so
doinr violates the laws of a foreign nation with
in its own jurisdiction, and thereby losses his
vessel, he can expect no indemnity for such an
act of folly from this Government.
We regulate terms and conditions upon which
all foreign vessels enter our ports, and we fix
penalties for the violation of these laws. The
right to do so we shall neve suner to be ques
tioned by foreigners. We do not question theirs
to do the same thing. He must wait the result
of negotiations between the two Governments.
This is not a question to be settled between him
and Cuba, nor even between the United States
and Cuba, but between the United States and
Spain, which alone is responsible for the con
duct of the governors of Cuba,
You are at liberty to make known the con
tents of this letter to Mr. Law, and inform him
that, as a good citizen, I presume he will not
attempt any violation of our neutrality laws by
attackting Cuba.
I am trnlv, yours,
MILLARD FILLMORE.
Jones, Henry and Haskell. These three
great champions of the Whig party in Tennes
see, must feel proud of their position, for thro'
their labors, we believe, that gallant State has
been saved the humiliation of being chained to
the car of Locofocoisra, and by their eloquence,
energy and zeal, have thousands of patriotic
hearts been cheered and gladdened in the
midst of general gloom. They labored incessant
ly, and the whigs of Tennessee owe them a debt
of gratitude that can never be cancelled. -46-injdon
Virginian.
Pass him Rocxd. Frank Reddick, a Dagu
errean Artist, had some Bills printed at this of
fice in December last, for which he did not pay.
Brethren of the Pres3 will do us a favor by giv
ing this notice an insertion so that the good peo
ple, wherever he may locate, m-.y be on their
guard. Columbia (Tenn.) Herald.
To the Public.-The difficulty between the
Hon. James C. Jones and Hon. F. P. Stanton
has this day been honorably and satisfactorily
adjusted. M. W. LINDSAY.
E. W. M.KING:
Memphis. Nov. 3d, 1852.
Editor Loudon Free Press:
. Dear Sir: Having
been appointed by the authorities of the Ameri
can Colonization Society, the Agent for tho
State of Tennessee, iu commencing the duties
of my agency, 1 desire and devoutly solicit the
co-operation of the Press of the country ia that
truly benovolcnt enterprise.
The condition of the free people of coler in
the State, the relation we sustain to them, and
the success and prosperity of the Liberian Gov
ernment with its advantages inviting them hith
er, should prompt a patriotic and christian peo
ple to interest themselves in behalf of this de
graded people. The soundest heads and purest
hearts of the country, are, many of them, identi
fied with this enterprise; and may I not hope
that the press generally will take hold of the
subject and wake up the commonwealth in its
behalf. Its ultimatum must be, as is already
demonstated, the extension of Christianity, civil
ization and republican liberty in Africa.
It is my purpose to canvass the State during
the year so far as my health and circumstances
will allow; and, indeed, I hope to make my visit
pretty general. C. D. SMITH. .
Loudon, Tenn., Dec. 7th, 1852. .
HOGS THE PRICES.
We have taken some pains this week to furnish
our rtadc-ij with the prices of hogs from all parts
of the country. Read the following:
,JhgsrPriccs, dx. The market continues to
be much stimulated, and the prices of hogs and
their product continues to advance. Yesterday
$ 1 .35 gros3 was offered for a large lot of hog in
Shelby county, and the current price here is $5
75 to $5 85 net. All the city packers are in
operation, and the number of hogs slaughtered
up to last evening was about 25,000. e heard
of a sale yesterday of 1,000 barrels of mess pork
at $16, and 1,000 barrels prime lard at 10 cents
Last evening a lot of 920 heavy hogs, sold at
7 cents. Considerable sales of green meats,
from the block were sold at an advance on previ
ous quotations.
By our Cincinnati advices we learn that hogs
are now higher thau ever before at the com
mencement of the packing season. There is a
continued demand East for the New York mar
ket and at points on the railway G cents is paid.
They arc now, we believe, chiefly taken on,
dressed, in which shape they aro worth 7 to 8
cents in New York.
- The number of hogs received at Cincinnati to
Tuesday evening, was 53,7G3, of which number
upwards cf 10,000 were driven from Kentucky.
The number of hogs packed in St. Louis on
the 23d was 4,200. Sales $5 50 net. Lou3tille
Courier, 27th.
From the Cincinnati Price -Current of Dec. L-t.
7 lie Pork Trade. The following statement,
relative to the Pork Trade, may at this time
prove interesting to dealers.
Monthly average price of hogs ia Cincinnati fur eight
yean:
.November. December. January.
lS14-'45..
lS45-'46..
184G-'47..
1847-'48..
181S-'49.'.
1819-'50..
1850- '51..
1851- '52..
...2,G2
...4,00
...2,87
...3,80
3j33
...2,GG
...3,81
2,95
4,18
3,00
2,80
3,50
2.80
4,02
4,70
3,32
3,87
3,83
2,G0
3,34
3,50
4,22
4,70
Number of ll'tg parted in Cincinnati in the following
year:
1843-'44.... 2 10,000
1848- '49....410,000
1849- '50....401,000
1750-'51... .334,000
1851-'52.... 352,000
1844- '45....19G,000
1845- '4G.... 305,000
184G-'47.... 250,000
1847-'48... 200,000
Vice of Men Pork in .Vcic York in the hwnth and
1 - Januarv. April. Jul v. October.
1841 $13,21 $12,35 $10,97 $10,34
1742......... 9,97 9,00 8,83 9,50
1843 9,41 9,12 11,39 11,37
1844 10,25 9,37 8,75 8,50
1845.. 9,25 13,75 13,00 13,50
184G 13,25 11,00 10,00 10,85
1817......... 10,37 1G.00 16,25 14,75
1843... 11,75 10,13 10,50 12,75
1819 13,75 10.25 20,50 12,75
1850 10,37 10,00 10,G2 11,00
1851 12,25 13,50 14,87 15,25
1852 15,00 19,00 20,00 17,25
ffs and Caitlc On last Tuesday we left
nn pitrnncp was realized. The sales were 1.200
tr nrrivp fTi). $6: 1.200 on the snot Oh $G: 1 10
C$().05; 700(?e5,25; Saturday 700 heaJ(7r $6
Monday 430o,2.; iWKQ&Wj bW9yw,
80 do(ff $6,31; GOO do$G,32J; vesterday 205
$G,15; 1,000, 2,600 and 450$G,25, who
previously coutended for $6,50, but the demand
was about equal ta the supply, and we quote
$6,25 at the closing rate. In Beef Cattle a fair
business has been done at previous prices. For
good lots, averaging from GOO to 700 lb, packers
pay $57?.$6,25 100 lbs net; occasionly very
choice lots bring $5,50. We quote 4,50,5,50
as the range. Cin. Price-Current.
Jlirr Simulation. Mr. David White, of Madi
son, fnd., "Old Enterprise," has made a hand
some thing by the extraordinary rise in hogs.
He cleared $60,000 on friday by one sale, and it
is thought that his profits will reach $200,000
before the season closes. The price of hogs has
risen to $6 per hundred, and stubbornly de
manded. Mr. White is the proprietor of the lar
gest slaughtering and packing establishment in
the West, known as the "Mammoth Cave.'
Cin. Com. 227. '
The Whigs of this country are passing through
a rrisia woll roilfMilatoil to trv thoir metal. Thev
....... . . . . . , . - j
nrt nndprfoinf an ordeal, from which all who
emerge safely and without hurt to their 'moral
constitution,' may well be pronounced pi-re gold.
Defeat and disaster, while they test the sound
ness of our principles, serve to purge the party
of all those wlios? only desire is to be on the strong
side, and whose presence is a blight and mildew
in any association to which they may attach
themselves. Such may well be spared, and we
are glad ot observe that many, if not all of them,
are already Haking up their beds' preparatory to
'walking' out.
The whig party has often been purified by de
feat. It stands, at this hour, more solidly united
upon principle and upon principle alone, than
any body of men banded together for pa
triotic purposes. Their conservative, anti-licentious
creed, is clear and bright before the world.
Their escutcheon is undimmed their integrity
unquestioned and unquestionable. And a great
duty lies before them, in the path of the thick
coming future. That duty is, to hold the balance
of power between the ultra factions of the piebald
host which has just elevated Mr. Pierce to power,
and prevent either or both or any of them, from
rushing the government upon any ofthe inviting
roads to ruin, which several of them are aiming
at. Memphis Eagle & Enquirer.
An Editor's Concersation. The reason why
an editor's conversation is not at all times
agreeable may be this. When anything very
good comes into his head, his first thought about
it is, how fine it woud appear in a paragraph.
Hence, he garners his thoughts for the columns
of his daily, and declines giving them utterance
in conversation.
Oftimcs he is put to strange shifts to raise the
wind for a leader. Therefore, the necessity is
apparent for his not wasting his "sweetness 'On
the desert air. Kaslr. Gazette.
the market ior hogs buoyant, holders asking
$6,25. On Wednesday however, the sales, which
comprised 7500 head, were (a, $6. On Friday
BROWNLOW'S LIES.
It is due to myself and to truth that I should
again correct the misrepresentations and false
hoods, and repel the abasa be-cpea uj o:i me by
ir. G. Broiad'ju:
Now, I charge this mlocreant and corrupt
scoundrel with seeking to make a false impress
ion in each and every accusation he urges a
gainst me. J charge thai he li-vi basely in every
Han upon which he relies io prove his main
charge which is thatlclandestinly conveyed his
letters and papers to the Register office, and
thereby' tried to injure his business while in his
employment. -
As evidence of this he asserts in the first
place that he is able to prove by two witnesses
that I was in the Register Office after night, to
gether with James Henry, Esq. I challange
the proof, and promise to convict Brownlow
and who ever he has employed to certify for
him in this tac, of lyixgI J never was in the
Register office in my lift!
He tries to make the public believe that James.
Henry, was attemptiug to get his papers and
letters through me but that we were defeated,
and that Henry had called me out of bed at
a late hour on a certain Sabbath night for thi3
purpose. The truth in this case would not have
answered his infamous purpose! Had he sim
ply said that Henry had rode into town in his
buggy before dark on the Sabbath evening allu
ded to; that he had taken supper atBrowulow's
own table; that Brownlow's eldest son rode with
Henry to church, returned with him, and was
present when Henry called me out ta where
they were at the door he could not thereby
have possibly made a false impression! And,
as I have nothing to conceal, I will state what
I told Brownlow next morning, that Henry
stopped to sec if J. W. O'Brien had not left a
file of the Whig, with me. I told him I
had no such file in my possession. Had I been
disposed to have acted as Brownlow would have
the public believe I did act, I could have fur
nished Henry with one of Brownlow's filc-3, as I
had access to them !
All I have to say in regard to his supposition
that I "suppressed" a letter from Mr. John R.
Branner, a very clever citizen of Jefferson, is
that the supposition is basely false; and when
Brownlow published it, he published a lie; and
any man who wiii profess to publish a letter rer
balim, and suppress some things and add otJicrs,
as he did Barclay Martin's, is prepared to de
stroy any htter,and then swear that he had never
received such a klter!!
He says that a letter from Jo. Lewis is missing.
For the information of those at a distance, who
may not understand this case, I will state, that
Mr. Lewis handed me a communication signed
"Webster," and requested me as Pro Tern. Ed
itor of the Whig during Brownlow's absence,
to publish it, and that he would stand responsi
ble for its contents. I did as he requested
was subsequently called on by Col. Oliver P.
Temple, a young Lawyer of Knoxville ofthe
highest merit, who had been unfavorably criti
cised and abused in the communication, and who
demanded the author. In accordance with the
doctrine so vehemently contended for by Brown
low and Dr. Patton in their warfare against
"M. A. M.,'' that "the courtesy due from an Ed
itor to his Correspondent" did not require the
withholding ofthe proper name of such Corres
pondent when properly called for I gave up
the name of Mr. Lewis.
I do not deny that he mr.y have seen a change
in my countenance before I left. If he had been
observant, he might have plainly seen a change
in the countenances of all food Whigs. Not a
downcast look of dejection, however, but one of
commiseration and contempt for the poor devil
that could play the nefarious game of hypocrisy
and deceit he did in the last election! Nor do
I suppose that he i3 insincere in desiring that I
should have gone on to California, as he would
thereby got rid of a customer that "can a tale
unfold," of treachenvdamnable hypocrisy, and
I will not say the other word unless farther pro
voked! In the meantime, I am here within G
hours by stage of Knoxville, nor have I altered
my name, but hold myself responsible, person
ally, for every thing I have or may say; and I
can inform Brownlow that I will not confine
myself to the defensive, if he continues to as
sault me.
In conclusion, I will say to the public that I
have no heart for a controversy with Brownlow,
first, because I am compelled to urge charges
against him which is any thing but pleasant to
my own feelings I would by far, prefer to see
him and his family esteemed and respected.
In the second place, I am conscious that the
public have become nauseated with the flourish
of personal difficulties iu the cfdnmns of public
Newspapers, and I do sincerely trust that I
shall not be compelled to say any thing more
in self defense.
Very Respectfully,
SAMUEL B. O'BRIEN.
Loudon, Tennessee, December 10, 1852.
fiST We notice that our cotemporarv of the
Chattanooga Gazette, has "broke the ice'' on
the subject of our next Congressional elections,
and suo-jested the name of Dr. Gillespie, as
a suitable person to lead the Whig column in
this District, next summer. We have no doubt
that the Doctor could be elected if he were the
candidate. Nor have we any other good Whig
who can be defeated in this District if we all do
our duty. We have a meritorious youngman in
these diggins" who would be invincible before
the people. We mean George Browx, Esq.,
of Monroe, the late energetic and popular Whig
Elector for this District. Mr. Brown labored
hard and indefatigably during the late contest as
he ha done heretofore in the Whig cause, and
we would feel highly gratified to see him placed
in a position of trust and emolument. We throw
out this suggestion without the consent orknowi
edge of Mr. Erown, and simply because we be
live that he is the man above all others in tlw
District, that should receive the vote of the Whig
party next August.
y The Kentucky Life Insurance Company,
Covington, Ky., have established an Agency in
our town, by the appointment ofour worthy fi iend
P.. A. Davis, of the firm of Davis & Adams, as
Agent, who we know will be pleased to attend
to any and all who may wish to take ont policies.
We were well acquainted with a gentleman in
Knoxville, who died less than 12 months since,
and who had had the precaution to have his life
insured, and hi3 family have since drawn1 five
tuotSAXD dollars, and every body said he ac
ted wisely in thus placing his family in inde
pendent circumstances. See Card.
Executive Power. What would be said of
Mr. Fillmore, were he secretly to empower Com
modore Perry to negotiate with the Emperor of
Jjipntt for the purchase of that island for the snra
of live hundred millions of dollars, without giv
ing the slightest hint to Congress, or to the peo
ple, of his intentions? , Yet, if Mr. Polk was
right in this Spanish matter, Mr. Fillmore would
be equally so in' the other. The trtith la, tho
Presidency of the United States, under Democrat
ic constructions and assumptions, is rapidly out
growing its Constitutional limits. It is absorb
ing with fearful rapidity the functions of co-ordinate
branches, and if some check is not inter
posed bv the people, there will be no power felt in
the Government but the President's. The in
fluences of executive patronage are already so en
larged by p.xcedents, that a Chief Magistrate, .
who may be disposed hereafter to disregard the
restraints which have been wisely imposed up
on the office, will find but little difficulty in ren
dering his own will supreme. -Peters Jul,
Married On the 9th inst., by Rev. J. Grant, Mr.
JA2IE3 IIARVEY, of Blount county, and Una
MALINDA S. JUNTOS, of Raaue county.
DIED,
At his residence in Philadelphia, Tenn., on
the 1st inst., Mr. MATIIEW NELSON, aged
74 years 1 month and 14 days.
Near this place, on Sunday evening, the 14th
ult., Mr. WILLIAM JAQUES, in the 87th year
of his age. He was a native of England, but
had resided in Washington county several
years. Abingdon Virginian.
10,000 Kushcls Wheat Wanted.
Vff7"E wish to purchase immediately 10,000 bush-
V Jsof good JJerchnutable WHEAT, for which
we will give GO cents per bushel, delivered at Loudon.
IIARVEY 4 KINO.
December 11, 1852. 5
LIFE INSURANCE.
TIIE undersigned ia AGENT for the l.flijv
KEITTT7C2Y MUTUAL -JSiU
LIFE LWRAXCE CO,
And will insure both
WHITES AND SLAVES
Upon the most favorable tenn3.
R. A. DAVIS, Agent
TV. R. HURLEY, M. D.,
dccll-lw 5 j Medical Examiner.
"VTOTHJ li The Partnership heretofore existing
t 1 between MeLIN A BRIDGES was this day dis
solved by mutual consent. Those indebted to tho
concern will please call on tho subscriber for settle
ment a-uinst the first day of January.
The underpinned would respectfully inform the
eiti.rng of Loudon and vicinity, that the business
will be continued by him at the same place, where
he roliciU a continuance of the patronage heretofore
given to the firm; as he ia determined to give as good
bargains as can be bad at any other hons.
W. C. McLIN.
Loudon, Dec. 8, 1S52. .5
P. D. GATES,
Ircttice A C'ommiBtrion JUcrchmt, and
GENERAL COMMERCIAL AGENT,
Xo. 12 Broadway, Xew York,
ITXECUTE3 orders in a prompt and bnsinws-like
li manner for DRY GOODS, READY MADE
CLOTHING, Hat. Caps, Bonnets, Boot, Shoes, Gro
ceries, Crockery, Hardware, and Merchandise gencr
crally; Machinery, Agricultural Implements, Musical
Instruments, Furniture, Carpets, Carriages and Har
ness, and in short, any thing: that can bo manufac
tured, or that money will bay in this city oi vicinity.
Consignments solicited end sales made of Cotton,
Tobareo, Feather, Fun, Ginseng, BeetKox and other
Pwduee. Purchases and sales made of Government
nnd State Stork", Laxd '7arrA5ts, Ai.
Orders with the Cash, or for goods on time
from Merchants in good credit, will meet with my
prompt nersonal attention.
Dc. II, 1852. P. T. GATES.
N. E. I will also furnish any of .the following
named machines, made by Wheeler, Melick & Co.,
Albany, N. Y., at their lowest cash prices, free of
commission, tn-trit: Wheeler's Patent Railway Chain
Horse Powers, for one or two horse, Overshot Thresh
ers and Separators for Double or Single Power; Coca-
bined Threshers and Winnowers for Double Power,
l lover llullera, circular toaw-jiiiis witn z met ?aw,
and Com-Stalk Cutters. P. D. G.
Industrial Resources and Progress cftie
Southern end Western States.
Ia three large and closely printed volumes, small
type, double columns; hajidsorae print, paper and
binding.
DF.SIROVS OF STTPLtlSO' E LARGE A.D COTTIXr
ally increasing demand for the complete series of
tue Review, in 12 volumes now exhausted, and which
it would require a very large outlay to reprint, the ed
itor has bjen induced to make a selection of all the
important and valuable papers contained in them
from the beginning, condensing, re-arranging and
completing to date, and throwing thesubjects after the
manner of the encyclopedias, into alphabetical order.
In this manner every thing of interest and importance
will bo preserved in a convenient form for refference;
and the volumes will constitute the only repository
for the shelves of the library, of such information;
which by means of the monthly numbers hereafter
will always be brought down to date.
The Volumes will embrace the gist of everything
that has appeared in the Review relating to the South,
era and Western Statesman imperfect index of which
will be found at the opening of the 10th volume.)
To wit: Their History, Products of Cottod, Sugar,
Tobacco, Hemp, Grains, Naval Stores, etc., etc.
Manufactures; detailed accounts, statistics and histo
ry of all branches, Internal Improvements; Complete
statistics of Railroads, results, profits, expenses, cost,
advantages, miles in projection, construction, comple
ted, etc., Plank roads. Canals, Navigation, etc Sta
tistics of health and diseases. Wealth and Progress;
relative condition,whitcs and blacks; Slave Laws, and
statistics, management and amelioration of Slavery;
original history, and defenses of slavery and slave
institutions; the valuable treaties of Harper Ham
mond, Drew on slavery, etc.; Commerce ofthe south
and west in all of its minute particulars, ete.,tgether
with an historical and statistics! sketch of all the
states and cities. the domestic and foreign trade, re
sources, manufacturer, etc. of the United States the
Censns returns from 1S00, with the complete statis
tics ofthe Census of lSi0.
As not one in twenty of our present subscribers
we believe have teken the work from the beginning,
or have preserved the numbers regularly, this edition
is recommended to them, and the volumes hereafter
will be bound uniformly with it. At the same time
cr.re is taken cow to print at. edition of the monthly
numbers so Iargn, that a reprint or condensation can
never be required again.
An appeal is made to all subscribers of the Review
to sustain this truly southern enterprise, and sustain
us, in the efforts we havo been making for six years,
almost unaided and alone in this field.
yzS" The terms will be $10 for 3 volumes, paya
ble on delivery of the second, with the privilege to
any one who m!y not be pleased to return the first
on the receipt of it. Where tho payment is by order
on a merchant in a Southern City, and the order be
low is sent, it will not bo called for until the deliv
ery of the three volumes to said merchant. Should
however, any subscriber having confidence in the es
tablished character and reputation of the Review,
think fit to enclose the $ 10 oa receipt of this circular,
it will tend still further to facilitate us in the lrrga
expend-ture we ere incurring. We are not asking
such prepayments unless voluntarially made.
ST" If you desiro tha work, in order that I may
know what edition to print, be kind enough to send
in yonr names by earliest maiL The volumes will be
issued in August, October and Dceembor, 1S52. On
ly a small edition will be printed, which will soon be
exhausted. The names of subscribers will be ac-.
knowledge! in the volumes.
(I have still five or six sets of old series, 12 volumes
complete; handsomely bound, Price $42.)
J. D. B. DsBOW,
Ed. &c., New Orleans.
My merchant- in (or whoever else
may be acting for me there.) will pay to J. D.B-De-Bow,
Ten Dollars on the delivery ofthe 3 volumes of
his Southern Industrial Resources, and also my sub
scription for the current year to DeBowe's Review.f
f Erase this last if nothing will be due when
this is presented, which will be in November or
December, 1852. (1 5)
