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VOL. XXVIII MANNING, S. C., WEDNESDAY., OCTOBER 21, 1914 STATES MUST BUY IDEA Is TO PURCHASE HALF 01 COTTON PRODUCED 1;%E BONDS TO PAY State Governments Can Immediateh C'reate Strong Artificial Market These State Bonds Will be Com patible as Collateral-Southerm States Have Power to Save Farmer The South must look to the re sources of its state governments rath er than to federal aid for any relief from the financial stringency that threatens to follow demoralization of the cotton market, in the opinion of W. P. G. Harding, a prominent Ala bama banker and a member of the federal reserve board. In a statement issued at Washing ton Thursday Mr. Harding urged that immediate relief measures be taken by the several states to tide over a situation he said was now "becoming acute." He made it clear, however, that his suggestions were not in the nature of an official expression ema nating from the reserve board, but set forth merely his personal conclu sions. Mr. Harding's statement was ad dressed particularly to the people of Alabama, in support of the plan re cently suggested by Senator Bank head for extensive purchase-of cotton by the state government, to ;be paid for by an Issue of state bonds. "What .is really needed is a mar ket," said Mr. Harding: "and as there Is not adequate market for the time being an artificial market. can be created. Attempts have been Tade to create such a market through the national government, but it is clearly impossible, both from a legal stand point and for practical reasons, for the government of the United States to aid either as a purchaser of cotton or as a lender upon it as security. Much valuable time has been lost in pursuing this phantom hope, and the sooner our people abandon the chase the better. If anything is to be done towards creating an artificial market, such action must be taken by the souhern states for themselves. "Senator Bankhead's plan does not provide for any new or additional in debtedness, but seeks to change the form of liabilities already incurred by :>anerting individual* debts into o'ligations of the state. "When he proposed that the state, purebas one-balf of all the cotton actually grown within her borders at a price representing what is probably the, average cost of production. 10e per pound. and'that payment be made by an issue of 4 per cent. bonds pay able on or before. three years after date, he points out the way to estab lish an-artificial market, by means-of which the cotton surplus in .Alabama ,can be carried over beyond the dan ger point, and he has, in my opinion. suggested the most practicable way of sectring Immediate and effective re lief. "I have taken oceasion to ask job bers and bankers iI various sections of the country for their views and I do not belyieve that any creditor of an Alabama farmer or merchant would hesitate to take thos3 Alabama. bonds In liquidation of obligations, for In most cases the only security they now 'have 'is the eanity in the cotton in the hands of thousands of individual holders, for which there is pra'tically no cash inarket. This ap parent purchase of c'otton by the state would be really a mobilization of debts. a concentration of assets." While final decision was not reach ed by -the federal reserve board on the proposaT for a"$150000,O00 loan by bankers to aid cotton producers. enough was accomplished to make it certain the board. would assume gen eral -supervision -of the fund if the plan should be carried out The mat ter was discussed at 'length at the board meeting and, although it al ready has the approval of the board in principle, .difficulties as to details of administration of the fund were encountered which delayed final ac tion. President Wilson and Secretary McAdeo, howevera are known to be greatly interested in the success of the plan, and it was predicted .that the board would work out a system of administration for the fund sattisfac tory to the government and the par ticipating bankers. Festus J. Wade. and George W. Simmons. the St. Louis bankers who have taken a lead ing part in pushing the plan had a lon~g cnference with Secretary Mc Adoo and later with the board. CLAD! LEMBERG. *Austrians Report They -Have City Evacuated by Russians. A dispatch from TLondon Wednes day says Viendia makes the claim that the Russians have evacuated Leni berg, while'the Russians Tuesday de nied a similar report that they had given up the siege of Przemysl. It would not surprise military men if the Russians withdrew from Galicia to concentrate all their force. for the supreme struggle which, with the ad vance of the Austro-Hungarian armies into Poland, is now upon thenm along the Vistula from south of War sow to their southern boundary. 'SUBMARINE SiNKS ANOTHER. The British Admiralty announced Friday that on Thursday German sub marines or submarine attacked two British ships, the Hawke and the Theseus. The Hawke, a cruiser of 7,330 tons, 360 feet long and 6(1 feel beam, was sunk. Of her cr-ew 5( were saved, while the remainder, 330. is supp~osed to have been lost. The Theseus escaped injury. Air Men Guard Paris. Two French aerial videttes patrol led the sky above Paris to take ori ainy German machines which mighi appear. Murderer Paroled. Governor Blease has paroled .Johr Reeder, convicted of murder in 1 9(.1 at Newberry and sentenced to lif imprisonment. Steel to Make Bayonets. The French government has order ed 5.000 torns of steel in 'Pittsburs fo ue in making banets. WOULD BUY MANY BALE, I BOND ISSUE IS PROPOSED IN THI STATE SENATE. South Carolina to Issue $50,000.000 Short Term Bonds With Which tc Buy Farmers' Cotton. The proposal to issue bonds with which to buy cotton has eclipsed foi the moment other measures advocat ed in the State Senate for relief of the cotton crisis. Late Tuesday night Senator Alan Johnstone of Newberry interrupted a session of the Senate and passed a motion to go into executive session. At midnight the open session was resumed and a resolution was adopted appointing a special committee of eight to draw up and bring in a bill providing for sub mitting to the people at the general election the question of issuing sev eral million dollars in bonds to take care of the surplus cotton. It is un derstood that the bond issue will be in excess of $25,000,000. The following committee was ap pointed Thursday: From he c ,n mittee on agriculturc, Alaa John stone and Lawson; from the com mittee on finance, Banks and Stuck ey: from the committee on banking and insurance, McCown and Lide. The Johnstone proposition, in gen eral terms, is for the State to issue $50,000,00.0 in bonds for a short term of years, say three or six, in denomi nations of $10 and up. The State to buy cotton a basis of 1Oc a pound and give the cotton growers in payment these bonds. The State to warehouse this cotton, properly insured and with all the safeguards possible, and to hold the cotton until the end of the European war and then to sell it, the idea and expectation being that by then cotton will command a big price. With the proceeds thus ob tained the State is to call in and re tire the cotton bonds and the sur plus or net- proceeds can go to the support of the public schools. The cotton growers are to sell their cotton outright to the State and to take in payment these bonds, and the idea is for the. people then to pay their obligations with these bonds. In other words, this would be mak ing the bonds the. same as currency and to take the place of money. It must be made clear that the idea is not to sell the bonds to some northern financial interests and pay the cotton growers in cash, but to buy the cotton and give in payment to the growers the State bonds. Ob viously the matter of selling $50, 000,000 of State bonds for cash now would be practically impossible. Whether the bonds are to be non-in terest bearing bonds or - say 6 per cent., is a detail yet to be worked out. The special committee will hold conferences and work out the details -and then bring in the joint resolution to submit the question to the people in the coming general election. It will be' necessary under the constitu tion for the joint resolution to re ceive two-thirds vote of the people to become "effective, this being neces sary to increase the public debt. It is probable that they will call the financiers and other citizens of the State to confer with them and get the benefit of the best experience and advice and knowledge of every one in framing the measure. With $50,000,000 bonds under this plan the State of South Carolina could buy 1.000,000 bales of cotton at $50 per bale, based on ten cents per pound. As the crop of this State is about 1,400,000 bales it can be taken care of this way. SHOULD BE NO LIMIT. President Wilson'Said to Oppose One Term Amendment. Officials close to the White House hve 'admitted the trutb of reports th..t President Wilson had opposed the single term plank of the Balti more platform in a letter written to Representative Palmer of Pennsyl vania last year when the, subject was being considered by the House judi ciary committee- It was said, how ever. the letter was not to be made public. The president has not publicly dis cussed the one-term question. but has been understood by his friends to believe that there should be no con stitutional restrictions limiting presi dents to one term. GO BACK TO PEN. Blease Renoves Noted Safe Crackers from Chain Gang. By -order of Gov'. Cole L. Blease. Thomas Nolen and Charles Howard, who are serving ten year sentences for a $10,000 safe robbery at Enoree, have been taken from the Spartan burg .eounty chain gang and sent back to the State penitentiary. The men were transferred from the peni tentiary to the chain gang only a few months ago, and why Gov. Blease has seen fit to put them back in the prison again has not been disclosed. THIRTY-THREE POISONED. Faculty and Students of Mercer Uni versity Become Suddenly Ill. Thirty students at Mercer univer sity, and three menmbers of the fac ulty are dangerously ill at Macon from ptomaine poisoning. which the city bacteriologist. followving an anal tical examination, says is due to milk from rusty cans. The dormi tory was thrown into a panic when one member after the other became violently ill. Boston "Braves" Win. The Boston National League cham pions won four straight games from the Philadelphia American league champions and are thus entitled to the world's championship. Bomb Explodes in Church. Two bombs exploded in New York -churches within seven hours Tuesday. An 1. WV. W. leader was last year arrested in a church. Sighted German Squadron. According to Petrograd informa tion a strong German squadron is cruising around the Aaland island, Seven dreadnoughts were along. C'anal Closed. Thp Kaiser Wilhelm canal, between - the North Sea and the Paltic. has been closed to commerce during thE connain of the war. CAN PLANT A THIRD HOUSE PRORIITS CULTIVATION Of NOR[ COTTON SIX ACRES TO ANIMAL No More Than Six Acres of Cotton Can be Planted to the Work Ani mal-One-Third of Land Cultivat ed Left'to Cotton-Violations Fin ed $25 to $100 on the Acre. The House of Representatives Thursday passed a bill limiting the cotton 'acreage to one-third of the land planted and providing that not more than six acres of cotton be planted to. each work animal. The bill reads: "Be it enacted by the general as sembly of the State of South Caro lina: "Section 1. That it shall be un lawful for any person, by himself, his agents or employees, to plant or cultivate in this State in any year a greater number of acres of land in cotton than one-third of the total acreage of land planed and cultivated by such person in said year: Pro vided, however, That in no case shall any person plant or cultivate in cot ton more than six acres to each regu lar work animal used in his farming operations in said year. "Sec. 2. That any person violating the provisions of th:is act shall forfeit as a penalty a sum of not less than $25, nor more than $100, for each and every acre planted or cultivated in excess of the number herein allow ed, to be recovered in any court of competent jurisdiction in an action or proceeding brought in the name of the State; and said penalty when re covered shall be paid over to the county treasurer for the use of the county in which the said offense was committed. Said penalty and the costs of the proceeding In which the same is recovered shall .be a lien upon all of the property of the person adjudg ed to pay the same, subject only to liens existing .prior to the passage of this act and liens for taxes: Provid ed, That judgment for said penalty and costs be entered and enrolled in the office of the clerk of court of gen eral sessions and common pleas as other judgments are now allowed to be entered and enrolled where the re covery is had in such court: And provided, further, That where the re covery is had in a magistrate's court the same be entered and enrolled in the office of the clerk of court of gen eral sessions and common pleas as judgments of magistrates' courts are now allowed to be entered and en rolled in said office. "Sec. 3. That after any proceed ing has been taken against any per son- or persons for a violation of this act it shall be the duty of the clerk of court of general sessions and com mon pleas for the county in which the offense is charged, upon applica tion under oath of either party to such proceeding. to issue a rule of survey in the case, giving three days' notice thereof to the opposite party, the costs of such rule and survey to be taxed in the bill of costs in the final adjudication of the same.. "Sec. 4. That all sheriffs, sheriffs' eputies, magistrates, constables and rural policemen shall be charged with the duty of inspection, the production f evidence and the prosecutions for violation of this act. "Sec. 5. The word 'person' used in this act shall be held to include partnerships, voluntary associations and corporations. "Sec. 6. This act shall go into ef fet iminediately upon its approval.'' The vote on the final passage of the ommittee bill, while it shows 77 to 20, is not altogether correct. Mr. Wlch asked after the vote had been declared to change his votc, as he took the position that the House was rushing things too fast. Mr. Charles, Mr. Gasque and others voted against the pending. bill because they favored total elimination, and felt that if this bill passed that the goose of the eliminationists would be cooked. Others were inclined to take their hances when the vote came. The vote resulted: Yeas-M. L. Smith. Addy. -M. 3. Ashley, Atkinson. Barnwell, Belser, Bethea, Blackwell, Bowers, Brice, Burgess. Cross. Daniel. Dantzler, Epps, Evans. Friday. Fripp, Good win, Gray, Greer. Haile, ??all, M. C. Harrelson, Harper, Hiott, Holley, Hunter, Hutchinson, Jones. Kelley, Kibler, Kirby, Lee, Lumpkin, McDon ad. McMaster, McQueen, Martin, Massey, Means. Melfi, Miley, Miller, Michell, Moseley, 'Mower, Nelson, Nicholson. Odom, Pate, Pegues, Ready, Riddle, Riley. Rittenberg, Robinson, Sanders, W. W. Scott, Sea seney, Sherwood, Shirley, Stanley, Stevenson, Sturkie, Summers, Thomp son. Tindal, Todd, Vander Horst, Walker. Warner, Welch, Whitehead, Wilburn, C. C. Wyche, C. T. Wyche, Zeigler. Total 78. Nays--Bolt, Boyd, Browning, Charles, Clement. Clowney, Gasque. Hardin, H. F. Harrelson, Hayns worth, Kellehan, Kirk, Long. Murray, t. M. Rogers, W. M. Scott. Smiley, Strickland, Warren. Total 19. Paired-Irby, nay: Harvey, aye. Absent--J. W. Ashley, Baskin, Busbee, Courtney. Creech, DeLaugh ter. Dick. Fortner. H-utson, James, Johnston. Liles, Lybrand, McCravey, McMillan, Malpass, Mixson, Moore. Pyatt, L. M. Rogers, Sapp, White. Total 22. WILL CO-OPERATE. New York Bankers Enter Pool to Finance Cotton Crop. Informal conferences took place at New York Wednesday :between lend ing banking interests and representa tives of Southern cotton crop and thereby ease the foreign exchange sit uation. Some of the largest banks have expressed their willingness to help in the organization of a fund amounting to $150,000,O000 with which to assist planters and other cotton dealers, whose interests have suffered severely as a result of the European war. Elects New Direcotrs. .\mong the present directors of the Southern railway are Bishop Kilgo. of the M. E. church. South. and Dr. Alderman. president of the University of Virginia. HE SHOWS THEM UP REPUR BLICAN INSINCERITY UN MASKED IN HOUSE. Congressman Sherley of Kentucky Riddles Arguments Against the Eiergency Revenue Bill. In a speech upon the war tax bill last week, Representative Swagar Sherley of Kentucky dealt a crushing blow to the Republican argument that additional taxes need not be lev ied if the government funds now de posited in national banks were with drawn and used for the current ex penses of the treasury. On this point he said: "Members rail at the Democratic administration because it has deposit ed $75,000,000 with the national banks. Now, the only difference .be tween the Democratic party's action in that regard and the Republican party's action in the past has been that you deposited money free of any interest and we have deposited money and asked 2 per cent. interest on it. "Now, the fact is this, also known of and admitted by all thinking men who are not talking simply for the sake of party advantage: We have lived under a currency system that has been the worst currency system of any civilized nation on the globe. Under it your discount rate upon speculative loans was always less than it was upon commercial loans, because there was no mediur* whe re by you could rediscount commerdal paper, and therefore, the New York banks having reserves deposited with them by the interior banks had to loan money upon such character of collateral as would enable them in rdinary times to immediately get it back when money was called Zor by the interior banks that had looncd to them; and hence loans were w.ade upon stock and bond collat-ral, a col lateral that is readily coavertible in odinary times, but which In time of great distress becomes the, most diffi cult and in many ways the wrost col lateral that a bank could have. Here were the banks of America with a great mass of this collateral. Here. were more than a thousand millions of dollars of American securities owned abroad, every government in Europe wanting gold, and gold only, to finance the war, and every one of the peoples of those countries struck by the 'blighting effect of this war, with the need to immediately use every possible resources for cash. The necessary result was the instant of fering to America of vast quantities of these American securities held abroad, with a consequent destrue tion of their market value. If the banks had not been in a position, or had refused to protect in some degree those offerings, they would have de stroyed much of their own collateral, their own securities would have dwin dled, credits would have vanished, many would have faced bankruptcy, although in point of fact more than solvent, amply able ordinarily to take care of all demands. "If the government with that situ ation had let the country understand that it was going to add to the -bur dens of the banks instead. of taking from the burdens of the banks as far as they could. you would have had a panic in this country, and then the very men who are here railing against us because we do not go to the banks now and draw out this oney. would have 'been loudest in heir statement that it was a r'efusal f the government to help business nd financial .institutions that had orced the panic on us. "I say to you that it takes- courage nd statesmanship of the highest or der to face disagreeable tasks, to face them knowing that criticisms will be made, which, to the casual hinker, will carry weight, and to do t without regard to political for unes. because it is in the true inter ests of your country. I do no believe there is a man within the sound of y voice, acquainted with real finan cial transactions, with world currents. but that in his heart of hearts ap proves of the action that he govern ent has taken in strengthening the anks throughout the country at this time instead of undertaking to weak n them." RUSSIAN REPORTS. Petrograd Issues Official Statements Telling of War Successes. An ofiicial communication issued from the Petrograd general head uarters says: "The fighting on the east Prussian frontier continued on October 7 with the same ferocity. In spite of German reinforcements all their attacks in the region of Wir ballen (Russian Poland) and Phili poff have .been repulsed with great losses. By a night assault the Rus sian troops have captured the village f Kamenka, near Bakalargewo. "In the foirest of Massalstchizna, west of, Ratchka, our troops in a night attack surrounded a .German detachment, which was partly exter mined, the others being dispersed, abandoning their rapid firers. "Russian troops have also captured the town of Biala (in Galicia, b3 miles west-southwest of Chacow). In other regions there is nothing of im portance to record. "In the attack against, the Przemysl garrison conditions are in our favor, our troops5 capturing by as sault a strong fortification, constitut ing one of the principal positions.' PASS BILL FOR PAY.. Geneal Assembly Takes (Care of the Members' Salaries. A fler considerable debate and wranging, the House of Representa tives Wednesday, by a vote of 36 to 68 adopted the Creech concurrent resolution providing $200 and mile age for each member of the general assembly, while the Christensen res olution. which has passed the Senate, giving to each member $5 per diem and mileage, was killed by a vote of :6 to 66. The Senate passed the Creech resolution providing for $200 ~ay with a proviso that any member who wished to do so could leave his pay in the State treasury. ltehellion in Africa. The northwestern portion of the Union of South Africa has rebelled against Great Britain. Austrians in Lemberg'? An unconfirmed rumor from Lon don says the Austrians have retaken ESCAPED FOR 20 YEARS MAN LIVING N GREENVILLE AR RESTED FOR MURDER. Killed Acquaintance, Whose Brother Caused His Arrest After Hunting Him so Long. Nearly 20 years ago T. A. Lewis, who has been living about three miles from Greenville, killed Albert S. J. Perry near Campobello, and from the time of the killing, which was on Christmas day, until Monday night Lewis has been a fugitive. A brother of the dead man hunted for him all these years. and Monday night Sheriff Rector of Greenville and Sheriff White of Spartanburg placed Lewis under arrest. He made n3 re sistance :and at the jail said he was the man wanted. He explained that he and Perry both then in their teens had a quarrel over a girl: that Perry beat him and finally he threw a rock which strack Perry in the head, in fliteing fatal wounds. Lewis said he would have given up and stood trial long ago but was urg ed by his parents to avoid this. Their importunings resulted in his kreep ing out of the tolls of the law until Monday night. Lewis has a wife and five children who lived with him at his home near'Greenville. The brief facts of the crime are: Christmas day, 1895, along with oth ers. Albert Perry and T. A. Lewis took dinner at the home of William Eubanks, who lived beyond Motlow's Creek and Campobello, three miles to the left of th.e town. In the after noon something was said about some music and Lewis volunteered to go and secure an accordeon. As the afternoon wore on, Lewis became more and more intoxicated, and the task -of taking him to the home of William Rudisail, where he was working as a farm hand, was given to Albert Perry. With much difhculty. Mr. Perry, then 20 years old, got the maa to the porch of the Rudisail's. where Mr. Rudisail, his wife and daughter, took charge of him. Mr. Perry started back to Mr. Eubanks- to get his mule. Re had gone only a few steps when some one cried out, "Look out for a rock." As he turned, the rock struck him over the left temple. It is thought that Lewis got loose from Mr. Rudisail in some manner. So far as it is known, the young men ad always been friends. Albert Perry ied January 3. 1896. Nothing seems to have.been beard of Lewis after that, except rumors. Every clue had .been followed by the lead man's family. W. L. Perry is ow living in the house where his rother was killed. The family have Lived in the Campobello neighborhood ror about 27 years. Friday afternoon Sheriff White re eived a letter from an officer in 3reenville asking if he wanted a man by the name of T. A. Lewis for a murder committed in that county tbout 16 years ago: The sheriff be ,an to, look over the records and ound that Lewis had been adjudged :uilty of the crime January 4. 1896, Boyce R. Pollard being coroner. CABLES GREETINGS. Pan-America Union Expresses Hope of Peace to Warring Nations. Secretary Bryan has cabled to the yelligerent nations of Europe a peace resolution adopted last week by the overning board of the Pan-Ameri an Union, which comprises the Unit d States and the other twenty Amer cani republics. The resolution, pre ented by the Chilean ministei on nstructions from his government, fol Lows: 'In view of the awful strife now evastating continental Europe and rousing- universal sympathy, while profoundly disturbing the industrial and commercial interests of the world, the governing .board of the Pan-American union hereby resolves :o convey to the governments of the ellgerents countries an earnest ex ression of its hope for peace, as a ribute to the sentiments of frater aity which have inspired the meeting >f the Pan-American conferences." WILL VOTE THURSDAY. Eouse and Senate Do Little in the Extra Session. Total elimination sentirnent is growing in the legislative halls at olumbia. Tuesday the House clear 3d its decks to give the right of way to the discussion of the cotton acre age measures and it was determined hat there would be no vote on any one of the pending propositions until 'hursday, and there is no compulsion that a vote is to be Laken then. The Senate is disposed to wait and see what the House will do. It is urged as one point In favor sf total elimination that if the bill be passed and other Southern states co not go into the plan that the gen eral assembly that meets in a few months can repeal or modify the act; he total elimination plan being sup plementary to othecr reduction plans and dependent upon unanimous agreement on the part of the other otton States to reduce acreage. WOULD DIVE FOR MINES. Woen Offer to Remove German Mines for Japanese. A hundred women shell divers of Shima province offered their services to the navy to clear the mines from Kiao-Chow Bay. The offer was de clined, as the law prohibits the em ploymen in warlike operations. These divers are accustomed to re main in the water for a long period. Their idea was that, unseen by the enemy, they could dive for the mines near Kier-Chow and remove them to the Japanese warships. Sc'heldt Won't he Forced. The German government has as sured the Netherlands that it has no intention of violating the status of the Scheldt. Zapata Attacks Mexican Towns. Zapata caused a reign of terror at Mexico City Saturday night by an attack upon the suburbs of the Mexi can capital. Rig Cotton Loan in Sight. The raising of the $150,f00.000 fund to finance the cotton crop is vir tually assured. says a New York dis ath. CONNRES$ WORKINi LONGEST SITTING IN HISTO1Y OF AMERICAN NATION DOMESTIC LEGISLATION Record of Democratic Party Since Its Advent into Power-Article In cIudes Only the Domestic Laws Passed-No Reference to Foreign Policy Being Bade. The first regular session of the sixty-third congress, which began De cember 1. 1913. will be concluded. Begun as an interrupted continua tion of the special session called by President Wilson a month after his inauguration, it is the longest sitting of congress in the history of the na tion. The work, including that of the special session for tariff reform and income tax achievement of the first Democratic congress since March 4. 1895. The chief enactments include the new currency law, anti-trust leg islation, repeal of the toll exemption provision for American coastwise ships in the Panama canal, and the provision to build a government rail road in Alaska. The congress was remarkable for the fact that in less than two years it had to deal with conditions arising from two foreign wars-the revolu tion in Mexico and the European con flict-and was on the verge of -facing war between the United States and Mexico. Both of these situations de manded emergency legislation, some of which may have far-reaching effect upon the future course of the nation in its foreign affairs. As a rule the utmost co-operation between Democratic leaders in con gress and President Wilson marked the session, although one notable break occurred in the party over re peal of the tolls provision of the Pan ama canal act. This led to an align ment which placed the president and some of the party leaders on opposite sides. Among those who took issue with the chief executive were Speaker Clark and Majority 'Leader Under wood. Speaker Clark's defense of his opposition to repeal furnished ne of the most spectacular climaxes in the history of the House. The president appeared before joint sessions of the House and Sen ate on five occasions. He delivered iis general legislative message De cember 2. Subsequent mressages were n anti-trust legislation, the Mexican ituation, pleading for continuation f "watchful waiting." the tolls re peal bill and the necessity for a war revenue bill. Among the important laws enacted by the -congress since December 1, 1913, were: Federal reserve act, creating twelve regional reserve banks, and rederal reserve .board of ^control and reforming the currency system. Federal trade commission act, reating a commission of five mem bers and absorbing the bureau of cor porations to investigate organization, onduct and practice of industrial 4orporatons, inquire into unfair com etition and alleged violation of anti trust act; to aid the department of ustice and the courts in the prosecu ion of business offenders: to make ublic information deemed to be of ublic interest relating to industrial onditions and to recommend reme dial 'business legislation. The C layton anti-trust act, which >rovides or guilt of individuals con iected with corporations convicted of iolating the anti-trust laws, limit nuterlocking directorates, prohibits holding companies which will lessen ompetition, prevents exclusive and tying contracts, liberalizes laws re lating to injunction anid contempt nd exempts from prosecution under anti-trust laws agricultural, horticul tural, fraternal and labor organiza tions. Act repealing provisions of the anama canal law exempting from essels engaged in coastwise shipping f the United States. The Alaska railroad law, providing or government construction and peration of 1,000 milies of~railroad with telegraph and telephone lines. from the lower Pacific coast to in terior waters and mineral region of Alaska at a cost not, to exceed $25, 000,000. Laws placing on a war footing the rolunteer militia and naval militia of the states, subjecting them in time of war to the call of the signal corps of the army. -. I Law regulating cotton future sales n stock exchanges, providing a tax of 2c a pound on sales for future de ivery unless actually delivered under onditions and grades established by the department of agriculture. Other legislation placed upon the statute books included sco". of local mprovement laws, many measures relating to land entries, and the fol lowing: General appropriations.,.for govern ment expenses aggregating approxi mately $1,200,000,000. Appropriation of $20,000,000 for rivers and harbors improvement at discretion of war department, passed as substitute for $53,000,000 speciiic appropriation bill after prolonged fili buster. Act prohibiting importantion of opium except for medicinal purposes under treasury regulation and plac ing prohibition tax of $300 a pound n opium tianufactured in the United States for smoking purposes. Act authorizing payment of money orders at any money order office in ountry although drawn on specified A provision~ for election of United States senators under laws govern ing election of members of House of Representatives in states where legis latures had not passed special elec tion laws. Act reorganizing diplomatic and onsular service of the country. Act providing for government leas ing of coal lands in Alaska and to prevent monopolization of natural re sources of the territory. British Airships Lost. The British aviators who destroyed the German dirigible Friday return ed to Antwerp but landed in the line of fire, both of the machines being demolished. Senator Tillmian on His Job. Senator Tillmuan has returned to n-ashingtn oreume his dinties WOULD RESULT IN WRONG ENTIRE NATION CAN NOT BE TAXED FOR SOUTH. Carter Glass Points Out the Absurdity of Placing Further Burdens on People Besides War Tax. Chairman Glass of the House Banking and Currency committee told the convention of the American Bankers' association at Richmond Wednesday that he felt confident that proposals for government valoriz=. tion of cotton and of the sale of gov ernment bonds to take the crop off the planters hands would not result in action by congress. If it were done, lie declared, it would not be of permanent benefit to the cotton pro ducer. Outlining some recent legislative history, he said it often was "more important to prevent things from be ing done than to do things. Espec ially is this true with reference to some of the propositions pending, such as the suggestion to have the government going into the cotton business by valorizing this single pro duct at the expense of all the Ameri can people. And so with the other suggestion that the government sell $250,000, 000 worth of bonds and use the pro ceeds for the purchase of a single roduct-and this at the very mo ment that the government already is levying taxes on the American people to raise $100,000,000 to cover the deficit in the treasury occasioned by the stoppage of importations caused by the Tar in Europe. "Every sane and patriotic citizen," he declared, "whether of Massachu setts or Mississippi, Virginia or Cali fornia, deeply sympathizes with cot ton planters and would do anything within the limitations of reason and safe economics to aid them in their distress; but it can not be expected that congress will resort to measures for the relief of any single American product, the enactment of which measure would wreck and ruin the entire financial and commercial fabric of the country. "I can assure you that it is not pleasant for me-a Southern man and chairman of the Banking and Currency committee of the House to submit to the reproaches and up broadings of my Southern colleagues for being unwilling to help their des perate schemes of relief; but I sim ply can not with any regard for my oath as a representative in congress or with any appreciation of the re sponsibilities of my 'position yield my judgment to-such unreasonable and dangerous suggestions. "These things ought not to be done and I feel confident will not be done. If done they would not help the cot ton producer because the latter would be seriously injured by univerz sal constriction of credit and impair ment of confidence that would inevi tably enue.' THE WAR HITS UNCLE SAM. How It Cuts Into the Business of the United States. The department of commerce has just issued a review of consular re ports showing the far-reaching ef fects of the war on our trade. Great Britain bought three billions' worth of goods in 1912. The United States furnished 20 per cent. of this total. Germany purchased two and a half billions the same year, 15 per cent. of which came from the.,.United States. Eleven per cent. of the billion and a half dollars' worth of products bought by France came from the United States. During August this country sold $110,337,545 worth of goods to for eign nations. During the same month of the preceding year it sold pro ducts valued at $187,909,020. The way our import trade has suf fered is a matter of- grave concern to the treasury because of the effect on revenue. For the first eighteen days of September there was collected at the various custom houses $10,845, 576 while during the coresponding period of the last fiscal year there was received $17,673,974. The customs revenue for the pres ent fiscal year is $22,200,000 less than it was during the last fiscal year. That is to say, there will be easily a loss of $100,000,000 during the pres ent fiscal year, and perhaps more. Officials hesitate to think what the loss will be during the fiscal year 1916 if the war continues. Consideration of these facts brought the president and his advis ers to the conclusion that the strict est economy must be practiced. Con sequenly the word has gone down the line to cut out of the estimates every thing not absolutely necessary. SWORD)S INTO PLOWSHARES. Bryan Has Condemned Army Swcrds Madde Into Paperweights. Secretcry Bryan has made public the fact that he has had the blades of a score of condemned army swords converted into paper weights in the form of plowshares. The paper weights will .be present ed to the ambassadors or ministers of the twenty-nine powers now signatory to peace commission treaties with the United States. On each will be en graved the prophecy of Isaiah: "They shall beat their swords into plowshares." The hilts of the weapons melted down will be presented to the mem bers of the Senate foreign affairs committee. M1AKE BIGGER GUNS. Edison's Engineer Says Germans Are M1anufacturing Howitzers. Adolph F. Gail, an engineer in the Edison laboratories, who arrived in New York Tuesday on the Hellig Olav, said Germany w'as building a number of guns which would make the 16-inch siege guns used against Liege, Namur and Antwerp "look like bean blowers." The guns, ac cording to Mr. Gall, will have a cali ber of 19.50 Inches and 21.45 inches, and are .being rushed to completion at1 the Krupp plant in Essen. English Sailors Aided Belgians. Three British naval brigades as sisted the Belgians in the defense of Antwerp. Two thousand of the sail ors were forced to retreat into Hol and where they vill be interned. TWO BATTLES RaIE FRANCE AND POLAND FACE CoN TINUED fUlHING ALLIES RilN IN WEST The Two Battles Have Both Been Go Ing on For Weeks and no Appreci. able Results Shown-AU Sides Claim Advances-Austrians Aoe Battleships in Incendiary Fire. Two great battles in the European war, one in northern France and Bel gium, the other in Russian Poland, both with a front of 300 miles, have reached their height, but the public is allowed only an occasional glance of their progress -through official com munications. These frequently are widely at variance. From the French report it appears that the western battle is going slow ly, but surely, in favor of the Allies. Under the pressure of the troops of the Allies, the Germans, who started to advance on Calais and other French coast -ports, have been forced to evacuate the left :bank of the Lys River, which is .a considerable dis tance east of the points their advance guards reached last week. Evidence that the German assaults are being delivered with less force is conveyed in 'the intimation that be t.ween the Somme and the Oise their artillery attacks are not being. fol lowed up with infantry'charges. It is possible that they have withdrawn some of their troops. from this posi tion to strengthen their advance to ward the coast, but it is considered this would be risky, as it *might per mit the Allies to break- through a1d interrupt the communications of their armies fighting north of. the. Aisne. In the centre the Allies ilso have.: advanced, particularly towards Cra onne, and several German trenches are reported to have been cariled to' the northeast of the road from Barry Au-Bac to Rheims and. to the north of Prunay, in the direction of Beine, which is slightly to'the southeast of Rheims. Although the.Germans have failed to break the allied line and have themselves been compeiled to give" ground, -they are now in a better post tion, having a front which stretches from the Swiss frontier to Antwerp and Dutch territory, so that there are no flanks which the. Allies can turn. The Allies can. attempt to break the line, however, and this is believed to be what they are trying to do on the Belgian frontier. Of the big battle in Poland the Russian official report says there is no important change td record. Rome is again responsible for the report that the Russians have defeated the Germans south of Warsaw, but this is believed to refer to the fighting in which the Russians claimed to have pressed the Germans back. There has been more fighting south of Przemysl, in Galicia, on the Stry Sambor-Medyka line, which disposes of the report .that Lemberg has been evacuated by the Rissians, and also throws doubt on another report that Przemysl has been relieved. The Austrians say they are attack ng the Russians in this position, hile the Russian report claims vic ory over the Austrians, from whom, t says, the Russians captured' seven. fficers,. 500) men and several machine uns. In East Prussia, the Russians says, here is no change in the situation. The Germans, according to Berlin ewspapers, have- reoccupied Lyck, ad for military reasons have moved he .civilians out of Goldap, which is the centre of the region where the Russians are advancing from Su walki. Austria, which next to Belgiumi Is said tQ have received the hardest knocks of the war, has suffered an ther blow in the damage done by ire to a new battleship and several estroyers which were a.bout complet d at Monfalcome. The fire was in endiary and shows to what length Austria's internal enemies will go to ripple her. The battleship was to ave been launched Sunday with Im posing ceremony. The Australians also have helped to cripple the German cruisers In the Pacific by the seizure of the German ship Comet, with a wireless station aboard, which was to be utilized to keep in touch with them. The movements of the Turkish leet, which has been strengthened by the former German cruisers Goeben ad Breslau and which been cruising in the Black Sea, has led to the, sus - picion that it is about to attack the* Russian fleet. Already firing bas been heard off Kustenje. It was reported to-day, however, that Turkey has hinted that unless more money is forthcoming she will be compelled to demobilize her army. Turkey' usually raised funds in France and England. WILL HARDLY ADJOURN. Southerners Force Congress into Ses. sion After Saturday. Efforts of Southern members of ongress to procure legislation aimed o relieve the cotton situation result ing from the curtailment of Europeani markets arouses considerabDle doub.t as to the time of adjournment. Dem cratic leaders would make no pre dictions. Representative Underwood, the ouse leader, said the attitude of leg islators from the cotton states practi cally had made adjournment impos sible by next Saturday night. Senator Simmons, in charge of the war ,tax measure, insisted a vote would be reached by Saturday night. An amendment will be proposed by Southern senators to provide for a $250,000,000 government bond issue for the purchase of 5,000,00)0 bales of cotton, or one-third of the season's rop.. .Boll Worm in Florida. The pirik boll worm, said to be more desi~ructive than the boll weevil, has made its appearance In Florida. Will Buy Cotton. The Victor Talking Machine com pany has authorized each of its 2,000 agents in the south to purchase for them a bala e ofctton at ten cents. -'