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VOL.XXVIII MANNING, S, C., WEDNESDAY. FEBRUARY 24,1915_ FENCH SHIP SUNK SIJRARIES START WORK Of RUIINi AllIED TRADE ZPPELINS WATCH SHIPS Huge Dirigibles Suddenly Become Ac tive in North Sea Where They Are Beported to be Patroling Ocean Unes of Trave-Russanw Leave Bukowin. Dieppe, France, reports a German submarine torpedoed Friday morning without warning tie French steamer Dinorah from Havre for Dunkirk, at paolnt 16 miles off Dieppe. The ves sel did not sink, but was towed into the harbor of Dieppe. No mention is made of the loss of any of the crew. ,A plate on the port side of the steamer below the water line was stove in by the torpedo. Hard pump ing kept the ship afloat. Word of the occurrence was taken into Dieppe by fishing boats and assistance was sent out. Hverpool reports: "The Norwe gian tank steamshing Belridge, which sailed from New Orleans January 28 and Newport News February 5 for I Amesterdam, struck a mine Friday off Dover. The vessel was only slight ly damaged by the explosion and the ale probably will finish her voyage to the Dutch port. Al travel between England and the continent of Europe has been suspended by the British admiralty until further notice. according to ad vices received Friday at the state de pertment in .Washington. Some state department officials in terpreted the suspension of "tavel" as. referring to passengers and as a measure adopted until there could be some rearrangement of ship sched ules with protection of convoys; but other oMcials thought It might tem porarily include all commercial inter course across the English channel. The suspension probably will affect C trans-Atlantic trafc considerably. though- lack of definite information as to England's retaliatory measures a against the German submarine cam paign rendered it difficult for offlciala 7 to f6recast what the exact results 0 the order would be. t London reports at noon Friday: Although no reports reached Lcndon I of German submarine activity during I the first 24-hours after the war zone r decree became effective, there -are in- -v creasing signs that Germany,s bend- s %ngevery effort to make good her threats against British shipping. C YApPelftairships suddenly have be- 3 eame. active In the North Sea. . Two of these air vessels have been lost. but a Seet of them is-reported to be continuing to patroL Emperor-Wil 11am and 4dmiral von TIrpitz have gone to Wlhelmshaven, where it Is said they hope to give Impetus to the machinery designed to clear waters surrounding the United Kingdom of all merchant shipping. - The Zeppelin airships presumably are watching for food?laden craft moving toward England. The halt ing of the Dutch steamer Helena by. a zeppelin.gveR a new role to dirigi ble-1afrcraft. The Austrians at last have flung i the Rusans entirely out of Buke winma, but the invadere claim they re' --tired in good o-aI. Occupation of BuD~kowina by tr., ...ans severa? ~ weeks ago and presence of the Aus' trians near the Roumanian frontier ~ was halted as a situation *which should justify Roumania's entry Into - the war on the side ofthe Allies;and ~ to-day, with Bunkowina once more In * Austrian- hands, the situation again grows Interesting. Newspaper corre- e spondends have ceased predicting when -Roumania will take up arms. - but sympathizers with the Ailies have not given up the expectation that shea ultimately will take that step.* The situationi In the northern ex - tremity of the eastern battle line Is not so clear as It was a few days ago Territory on both sides of the East Prussian frontier has been desolated ~ and areas both in Russia and In East Prussia have been converted Into a sort of present-day Belgium. Petro grad speaks of the fight of the Rus- 5 sian population before the German advance,. while Emperor Will-lam. eulogizing the victory of Fild Mar shal von. Hindenberg, laments the depredations of the retreating Rus- E slans.t ,. Apparently no great battle har been fought since the Russians began their retreat toward the- Niemen I Petrograd insists that engagements since have been outpost affairs. which would seem to indicate that the Ger-t mnas have not advanced across the 60 mile strip of territory lying be- C tween the Nlemen line and the Eas' Prussian frontier. On the other hand the Germanr are celebrating a notable victory ove' the Russians in East Prussia, includ ing the taking of 64,000 prisoners. The German note to the United States still Is occupying the atten-| tion of British. Dutch and Scandina vian newspapers. while German news papers contlue to assert that in the1 face of starvation Germany must en force a sea blockade regardless of| the consequences. For several days the fighting in the west would seem to have been ir favor - of the Allies. The Germans have been counter-attacking violent ly, but they appear to have had heavy losses. The pressure of the Allies has no doubt been timed to keep the Germans busy during developments In the east and to prevent the with. drawal of forces for the relief of the eastern line as was done in Decem ber. Body Found In Swamp. 1 The unidentified body of a whitel man was found Saturday in a swamr near Hopkins. Coroner Scott wac notified and went to the scene bu' could find nothing to Identify the -body. It Is thought that the body was washed down in the recent. British Boat Torpedoed. The British collier Dulwich was torpedoed and sunk on Wednesday by a German submarine. Norwegian Ship Hits Mine. The Norw'gian steamed Nordcap struck a mine in the Baltic and foun dered Thursday. British Ship Blown Up. The -British freighter Dulwich, 3. tons,+ was blown up Monday. NOTES DO NOT AGRE JAPANESE MEM-1ORANDA CONTI DICTS CHINESE NEWS. Observers Do Not Believe Nippon I mands Will Conf1ict With Unil States Policies. China has instructed her minist in the United States, Great Brita France and Russia to deliver to th< powers a memorandum of the 4 mands originally made by Japan : oncessions and privileges in rett for the restoration of the territory Kiao-Chow, in China. Kai Fu Shah, the Chinese minis at Washington, has just present the memorandum to the state depa inent. This contains seven or eiE more demands than those in t emorandum the Japanese forei :fice, on February 9 gave to forei iplomatic representatives. The belief prevailed in offic 2uarters that inasmuch as the C: iese memorandum antedated cons: .rably the statement given the po )rs by Japan, the latter documE )robably constituted the present ba f negotiations and signified eith ;hat the original demands were or entative or that they had been aba Ioned by Japan. The Japanese version confin Fapan's requests to privileges a ,oncessions In Southern Manchur :nner Mongolia and Shantung, co )etent American observers belle' loes not conflict with the two polici :o which the United States has be :ommitted-the principle of mai aining the integrity of China al he "open door" for commercial c >ortunity. As for the original version, it eported in some quarters that t rapanese also had asked for pri eges in certain localities, as t >rovinces of Fukian and Kiang bligations requiring the consent apan before choosing political, fina tal or military advisers or the fbo g of loans were thought, too, ave referred only to these provisio: nd not to the republic of China. According to the Japanese versio a given in Japan's memorandum he powers, her demands are stri: d to the territory within her "sphe f influence" in China. They are summarized as follow In Shantung-China is not lienate or lease to another pot art of the Chantung coast or i =ds; also Japan is to build a sp1 f railway from the main line bai D Piao-Chow up to Chefoo. In Manchuria and Mongolia ase of the railways acquired fro tussia is to be extended; also foi equests as to Japanese advisers, i estment of capital, foreign conce ions, etc., in these regions. In Fuklen-As this is the provini n the mainland of China, lying opp ite to the Japanese islarids of Fo iosa, China is not to cede or to lea ny port or bay in this locality. SHOULD TRUST WILSON. Kann Says President Wilson Mu Handle Japanese Situation. Far eastern affairs were brougl p again in the House late Thursd y Representative Hobson, who h: esolutions pending which 'refer 1 he Japaneso demands on China. Republican Leader Mann ax hairman Flood, of the foreign a airs committee, both urged th: Tesident Wilson should be left wil free hand In dealing with the sit tion. "At this time," said Representati, [ann, "it is absolutely necessary th; he House and the people of tl ountry place their reliance in tV resident of the United States. "It would be a serious thing fi he congress, without all of the i armatoni which is available to ti resident, to ijiterfere with the fo ign relations of the country.. "Woodrow Wilson is president. I ras elected president by the peop) 7 must trust him in these matte nd we must not endeavor to anno amper or interfere with him. I b teve he is anxious to preserve tV ghts of this country and to preser eace. The only thing we can do u: er the circumstances is to have fail the administration." DISCUSSES PLANS. ilson and Advisers Consider Car paign for 1918 Election. President Wilson discussed h~ lana for political speeches durix le spring and summer at a Whi ouse conference Saturday nig rith members of the executive car sign committee of the Nation )emocratic committee which outlin< uring the day Its preparations fi he 1916 campaIgn. The question of Mr. Wilson's ov andidacy, It was said Saturday nigi ras not discussed, although It w; greed that much of the material it he campaign would be based on 13 ecord. It was made clear that ti ommittee would not work for al articular candidate but for the su ess of whoever is~ nominated. A statement given out by the cox nittee said the party was In a fiou shing condition and that "the nati s entering upon the most prospero erlod In all Its history." It w tated a decision had been reached :ontnPs work of the permane eadquarters of the party In Was ngton. C.:E GALLON LIMIT. enate Votes on Measure Limiti1 "Personal Use." The Warren-Boyd bill limiting t mount of whiskey ordered for pt ;onal use to one gallon per month ach person in South Carolina pass he Senate Thursday morning by t verwhelmng vote of 35 to 5, a as returned to the House wi ninor amendments. The provisi 'equiring a permit to he obtain prom the clerk of court before wvh ey could be ordo-ed was strrck rrom the bill. Those voting against the bill we 3ross. Hughes, Sharpe, Walker a Tohn F. Williams. All the other s i~tors voted for the bill on its fix passage. Frank James 1Uies. Frank, the last of the James bo has passed away at his home at I telsior Springs. Mo. Clemson Loan Bill Passedl. The bill providine for a temporn loan to Clemso'n college was pasm by the 'use Tuesday. INCREASES ANXIETY WASHINHTON VIEWS WITH CON CERN GERMAN REPLY ted ENiLAND IS INTERESTED ars in, )se American Authorities Refuse to Indi- t 'or cate What Line -of Conduct the e rr United States is Going to Pursue- t or t Germany's Stand Up to Her Pre er ed vious Warning Increases Feeling. c rt-C :Iit Germany's reply to the American C he warning against attacks on American ti gn vessels or lives in the new sea war sl gn zones-increased rather than diminish ed the concern of officials of the Unit- a ed States government over possible r complications, though its friendly P d tone made a favorable impression t w-1 and gave hope that an understanding a nt for the protection of neutrals might c 3s yet be obtained. s .er Officials are apprehensive over the f tly formal statement in the note that a n Germany disclaimed all responsibility a d for what might happen to neutral ad vessels venturing in the danger areas. [ The additional warning, too, that A mines would be laid in British waters t n was regarded not only as menacing f re, to ships carrying legitimate cargoes tl es but as likely to add further to inter- d en ruptions which American commerce ad has suffered since the war's out break. a p President Wilson and Secretary D isI Bryan read the Associated Press copy u ae of the German note, the official text, a ,i- being delayed in transmission. While le no comment was made at either the s1. White House or the state department, of the feeling of grave concern was ti n- manifested. t- That other neutral nations, espec- te to ially Holland and the Scandinavian d as countroies, also are apprehensive w concerning the situation and have bi n, consulted the United States became c2 to known Thursday. tr t- Secretary Bryan refused to reveal D re Thursday what steps the United tr States would take if American ves- pi s: sels or lives were lost and details of to the policy being formulated by the hi er American government were not dis- ta s- closed. e ir That the United States is looking ai for the removal of some of the causes to of the present complication in the a forthcoming answer from England to m the American note concerning the I ir misuse of flags was intimated in o( some official quarters. to s- It was pointed-out that if categori- tc ,e cal assurances were given by Great .. BEritain 'and her allies that none of .- their vessels would be permitted to a, ; fly the American or other neutral flags, German submarines would be obliged to visit and search neutral at vessels for contraband before destroy- W ing them as prizes. to The suggestion in the German note pi that American warships should con voy merchantmen was looked upon by officials as impracticable, because, it if mines were laid, as Germany an ty nounces her Intention of doing, con- G< is voys as well as merchantmen, in the to opinion of American officials, would be endangered. In fact, the disposi Ld tion was to regard the sowing of f- mines in large sea areas as creating b~ :t a menace more than submarine war- te :h fare. ci- When mines were laid in the NorthF sea, the American government took B re the position that It could not deter- e~ at mine which of tlie belligerents wasr ie responsible for the action and did noti t~ ie protest, especially since pilots were furnished by Great Britain. With the r admission by Germany of her inten- I c- tion to lay mines,. it was intimated jec e that a protest migfit be forthcoming t r- unless pilots were given to neutral t vessels carrying legitimate cargoes. p1 [e In German official quarters in st e- Washington complications with neu- a s trals over the war zone decree were fr Y not regarded as likely to occur, be - cause it was pointed out that Ger ie many's campaign was aimed at e steamers carrying cargoes of contra ~ band and not vessels devoted entirely hto passenger traffic. It was said that not only was it probable that German submarines S4 would carefully avoid Interference with any American ships, but thatI Sthey would also refrain from attack-. ing any- of the.big trans-Atlantic t liners even if they were under the 1 French or Tritishfag'c SLondon reports: No incidents, so re e far as Is known, have yet marked the sc topening ofGermany's submarine ti Sblockade of the British Isles, al- T lthough It has been in force for nearly 1; d24 hours. Nor has the British gov- et r ernent thus far announced its prom- et Ised retaliatory measures. tnPrecautions, however, are being n staken on this side of the North Sea, cc y and although the German govern- tl is ment has warned the German people e ie not to expect any sensational devel- s1 iv opmnents for some days, the regular es c.cross channel passenger services have Ia been somewhat curtailed and altered. pc a Otherwise the sea borne trad of the r- country is proceeding much as usual. n The White Star steamship Adri us atic, from New York February 10, as crossed the Irish Sea during the' to night, but did not resort to *he use at of a neutral flag to evade German h- submarines. Other ocean lines' freight steamers are maintaining reg- p ular schedules. A fleet of freight steamers leftg Denmark for England with provisions D yaboard, and It was to keep track o * these. it is believed, that German T airships, one of which was destroyed u by fire, and another of which was re Le ported wrecked on the Danish coast, P r- have been so active. i to In England Germany's reply to the ed American note of protest against in- ~ le terference with neutral ships is creat- A ding more interest than the threaten-t th edl blockade, and there is a gr eat deal of curiosity as to what the Uniteds is- States will say in respo-nse. To Carry 10.000 Uales Cotton. re "The Nebraskan of the American- p, rid Hawaiian line. is at Charleston load-i G f- ing a cargo of 10.000 bales for tl al Bremen- a: Commnerce laider Active. A -Four merchantimen have been sunk s. by the German auxiliary cruiser :x- Kronprinz Wilhelm operating in South American waters. Five Miners Killed. o Y Five miners were killed at Rich b ed Hill,M3o., by a gas explosion in the b SHIP BILL SLUMBERS )EMOCRATS. AND REPUBLICANS AGREE TO A TRUCE. iin Will be Taken Up Again on Feb rnary 27-Republicans Will Renew FMbuster. Blocked in their efforts to get a ote on the House ship purchase bill, lemocratic senators Thursday agreed t ) take up appropriation bills and g ent the shipping measure to confer- 1 ace until February 27 when it must ike its chances of being filibustered c its death on March 4. Republican senators entered into a gentleman's agreement" with Demo- 1 ratic leaders to let the bill go to P nference on condition that appro- S riation measures be passed within b ie next ten days, to avoid an extra ti assion. The Democrats, it was reported, greed to a reasonable cut in the vers and harbors bill, and the Re- t ublicans in turn gave assurances ti iat they would not filibuster against e ay appropriation measures. Demo- a rats further agreed that when the C ip purchase bill comes out of con- r rence, the Republicans will be given t a opportunity to renew their fight gainst it. . The compact which broke the long 0 ;uggle was reached late in the day. h dministration leaders maintained x tat it was the best they could hope c ir and Republican senators insisted tat the action meant the bill was e 3ad. All seemed to gree there would t( no extra session. When the time came to put the bi reement into operation revolting J emocrats and other senators oppos- U I letting the bill go to conference 9 Ail votes could be had on their W nendments. There was a flood of h! -atory and many roll calls, and all t1 nendments were voted down. M Senator Bankhead started the ti ouble with an amendment to pro- it de that government ships be admit- r1 d to coastwise shipping. This was w feated, 54 to 43, the alignment ni hich has prevailed for many weeks -eaking up. Twenty-two Republi- 1 n senators voted with-the adminis ation Democrats and some regular Cl Bmocrats joined with the recalci- g ant Democrats and Progressive Re iblicans. az Senator Hitchcock then renewed th s amendment to prevent the expor tion of munitions of war to bellig ents. This was tabled, 51 to 36; si amendment by Senator O'Gorman n( prohibit purchase of belligerent ips was tabled, 45 to 43; one by Qc illiam Alden Smith to create a com- tU ission to study the problem of w ean transportation was tabled, 52 in 31, and one by Senator Poindexter prevent government ships plying h< tween the United States and bellig ent ports met a like fate. . pi Another Poindexter amendment to P1 thorize the president to expend ed :0,000,000 for construction of ships PE American ship yards and to oper- m e them outside of the war zone also nc is defeated. The Fletcher motion til send the bill to conference then til evailed without a' dissenting vote. ____ ____ ____is: SINKS FRENCH SHIP. pT In wrman Submarine Allows Crew ur le Time to Make Escape. be On official communication issued hi the French ministry of marine 1-s of the sinkin' n'uesday by the la arman submarin, 1.6 of the ench steamer Ville. uille off the I trfleur lighthouse, a snort distance at st of Cherboarg, after the subma- 0 se had ordered the crew to leave e steamer. The statement follows: "The Ville de Lille endeavored to hi cape, but was outspeeded by the .bmarine, men from which board .her and gave the crew ten minutes P leave in the ship's boats. They t en sank the Ville de Lille by bombs aced in her interior. "The U-! 6 headed for a NorwegianW ramer, but sank out of sight when division of French torpedo boats om Cherbourg appeared on the hor The Ville de, Lille was a steamer G 997 tons. WANT BIGGER GUNS. retary Garrison Recommends Im- gu portant Coast Ordnance.c Guns of greater range and power in an any that could be arrayed w ainst them were asked for Amern- P1 n coast defences in an nrmy board fE port submitted by Secretary Garri- ca n, and made public Thursday by e House apprupriations committee. a: e board advised that the .old type la inch guns and mortars "are not tr ual in range and power to major L .libre guns r.fiott." Mr. Garrison recommended tho Im- B ediate improvement c f some of the pC ast defences so that the range of m~ e old 12-inch guns could be increas-. t to 20,000 yards, and tho board at iggested that wherever It was nec sary to construct new works the t rger guns should be 16-inch wea- tc WILL EE SAFE. a ri merican Grain Can be Managed by Arnericans, Says Germans-,n Positive assurances that grain Im- a rted from America will not be used s r the army or the government were en by Vice-Chancellor Clemens elbruech in a statement to the cor spondent of the Associated Press. C1 e vice-chanccllor declared the reg ations under which imported grain as subject to sale only to munici lities or the grain monopoly organ- D ation had been revoked. e He announced the government's ti illigness to entrust its sale to w: merican organizations for the dura- it on of the war. The absolutely non- of itraband character of such grain tu :ipments then would be established, a said. e i i p Kiser to Apologize. I! Emperor William of Germany will ti rsonally apologize to Ambassador ti erard for an incident in a Berlin ti eatre. when a man taking him for st . Englishman, started remarks 01 hich later became abuse of the c< mericans. Falling Tree Gets Boy. While pinying around some hands the woods who were cutting trees bi rid making shingles. Sidney Sturges Y rKershaw was accidentally caught c< r a failing tree and as a result has a p< roken thigh besides being badly cut al onher nlac u.t WRITES TO GOVERNOI IAYOR GRACE TELLS OF B AND ITS PROBLEMS. tealizes the Law is Not Fully I spected-Announces Some N Regulations. Mayor John P. Grace of Charlb Dn Tuesday made known his pi ram of mnunicipal law enforceme i response to a communication frC ov. Manning, in which the chief e2 utive of South Carolina calls the i antion of the mayor to alleged cc itions existing in Charleston in Tv tion of the law. Accompanying t rogram offered by Mayor Grace is tatement to the effect that he I eves to be a reasonable program, bough not strictly in accord with t ishes of the governor. Mayor Grace's statement follow "Gov. Manning has called my i tion very sharply to alleged viol ons of law in this city, and has sti i that unless drastic steps are tak t once to stop these violatior harleston must be prepared for ither strenuous program. I agr iat the law is not fully respected any particulars In this communit ut Charleston is no worse than ai ther city upon which odious lai ave been Imposed by those eith Lisunderstanding or not caring abo )smopolitan habits and conditior "Therefore, I have made earne Torts to bring the legislature aroui > a proper conception of our pro ms, hoping that sensible lawsjnig: 3 passed which all good citizens c in in obeying and seeing obeye nfortunately while we have made reat impression and much progre th the legislature now sitting, N ive again failed to get relief. B te future Is full of hope. In t] eantime, and especially now undi te mandates of Gov. Manning, I fe my duty to republish the followhi iles which the police departme ill more rigorously follow, begi: ng March 1: "1. The closing of blind tigers i I o'clock and on Sundays. "2. The banishment of slot m; ines and all forms of mechanic Lmbling. . "3-. The closing of turf exchangi id the prevention of handbooks I at connection. "4. The suppression of lotteries. "5. The shutting off of illuminate gns which lead to places of lawles s. "6, The absolute prevention of I ior selling to boys ('nd especial ose in school uniforms) and to me hen they reach a certain rtage 4 toxication. "7. The measurable restriction 4 >uses of ill fame and assignation. "It will be recalled that these ai -actically the rules tw'ce heretofoi omulgated and sporadically enfor, [ until by the intervention of con 4ling influences they were rendere ore or less nugatbry. I understan >w that it is Gov. Manning's intei >gto prevent henceforth a repet )n of those influences. "Gov. Manning is by no means sa ed with nor does he accept tl les above laid down cs a full con iance with his ideas of law enforci ent. But I have assured him the ider all the circumstances In Cha ston, if I can carry them out, it wi as far, for the present, as it imanly practicable to go. "Of course he would like to see 1: iforcement in Charleston of evel w on the statute boks. So woul That is a very high Ideal, bu ce every other ideal, altogether um tanable; especially when some< ir statute law is in downright 01 sition to an almost universal sent ent. I believe that the minds an ~arts of 90 per cent of our peop: 11l Instantly accept the foregoin ogram as reasonable, and therefoi forceable, which -will be a far be r condition to achieve than by art ore extreme effort to plunge ti hole community into a state of tiU oil and hopeless outlawry.'' TO SEND NOTES. ,vernment Intends to Communical With England and Germany. Drafts of notes to Great Brital md Germany-one relative to ti e of the American flag by the Bri i liner Lusitania and the other coi *rning the attitude of the Germa vy toward neutral vessels in ti wy prescribed sea zones of war ere given pers nal consideration 13 resident Wilson Tuesday, after coi rences witih Secretary -Bryan an binet members. It is understood that no protel ainst any violation of internation: w is to be directed to either coui y. The administration view of tI sitania's hoisting of the America g is that it is a customary war rus ut at the same time representatlor inting out that neutr::, commer< ight suffer through continued pra e of the stratagem were deemE Ivisable. As for the German proclamatic at It may be difficult to determir e character of a vessel In the we nes because of misuse of neutr Lgs, the United States intends i for more information as to metl is by which the order will be ca: ed out. It will point out. that It expec rery effort to be made to verify ti iture of ships flying neutral as ;suming that due resnect for tI fety of Americans will be given. CHARGE LOBBYING. marges and Counter Charges Fly Ship Purchase B3il1 Fight. Charges and counter charges fro emocratic and Republican sourci mcerning influences for and again te government ship purchase bil bich have smouldered about the ca 01 for weeks, were made the subje a special investigation Monday 1 t Senate. The decision to inquire into alle I lobbying by agents of the "shi i g trust" against the bill and in timations of negotiat')ms for 0 ons on belligerent shipe. to sell1 le goverment was unanimous. Wii ie decision departed the last hope me of the most earnest chanio1 the shipping measure that the bi >uld be passed in the Senate 1 arch 4. Rubber Found in Cotton. One hundred and seventy-eid ies of cotton were held up at Ne ork recently when rubber was four mcealed In all of them. Foi unds of rubber were in each bal ad the entire consignment was to Aaratic ports. lOLS TO WAR ZONE G t GERMAY REPLUES TO AMERICAN! I NOTE lf PROTEST BLAMES REAT BRITAN t Is 'o nt Hopes United States Will Bring Eng :e- land Back to Law of Nations-Will Lt 11. Then Call Off Its Announced Policy i h~ of Destroying English Merchant-. he a men. e Li- Germany's reply to the protest of!, ie the United States against designation t of a naval war zone about the Brit- t s: ish Isles is couched in the most 2 Lt- friendly terms, but firmly maintains a- the position of Germany as already t- announced. 2 n The full text follows: s, ."The imperial government has ex a amined the communication from the ee United States government in the in same spirit of good will and friend t y. ship by which the communication ap- t iy pears to have been dictated. The vs imperial government is in accord er with the United States government t that for both parties it is in a high .s. degree desirable to avoid misunder st- standings which might arise from 1 Ld measures announced by the German b- admiralty and to provide against the it, occurrence of incidents which might 'nI trouble the friendly reations which d. so far happily exist between the two a; governments. t ss "With regard to the assuring of re these friendly relations,-the German b it government believes that it may all ie the more reckon on a full understand -r Ing with the United States as the pro- t el cedure announced by the German ad g miralty, which was fully explained in e it the note of the 4th instant, is in no a 1- way directed against legitimate com merce and legitimate shipping of neu Lt trals, but represents solely a measure e of self-defense, imposed on Germany n i- I by her vital interests, against Eng- t l land's method of warfare, which is t - contrary to international law, and n ,s which so far no protest by neutrals t u has succeeded in bringing back to the generally recognized principles of law e as existing before the outbreak of d war. - "In order to exclude all doubt re- g garding the cardinal points, the Ger I- man government once more begs f y leave to state how things stand. Until n now Germany has scruuplously ob- p >f served valid internati onal rules re garding naval warfare, At the very >f beginning of the war Germany im- a, mediately agreed to the proposal of 'e the American government to ratify U :e the new Declaration of London, and took over its contents unaltered, and L- without formal obligation, into her d prize law. d "The German goverr.nent has L- obeyed these rules, even when they L- were diametrically opposed to her military interests. For instance, Ger- c< t- many allowed the transportation of .e provisions to England from Denmark - until to-day, although she was well n - able, by her sea forces, to prevent it. c Lt "In contradistinction to this atti- s tude, England has not even hesitated sI Li at a second infringement of Interna- E s tional law, if by such means she could paralyze the peaceful commerce of Ip .e Germany with neutrals. The Ger- ce y, man government will be the less ob- G d liged to ente~r into details, as these " t, are put down sufficiently, though not ci L- exhaustively, in the American note1 tI >f to the 'British government dated De- sI -I cember 29, as a result of five months' " I- experience.n d Neutral Rights Infringed. P e "All these encroachments have gbeen made, as has been admitted, in c e Iorder to cut off all supplies from Ger many and thereby starve her peaceful y Icivil population--a procedure con- 11 e trary to international lews. ci 7 "The American government, ass Germany readily acknowledges, hasP protested against the British proced ure. In spite of these protests and1' protests from other neutral states,d a Great Britain could not be induced to' depart from the course of action she. had decided upon. -Thus, for in-'3 astance, the American ship Wilhel-!t nein recently was stopped by thes eBritish although her cargo was des tined solely for the German civil pop-0 Sulation, and according to the express e declaration of the German govern e etI a to be employed for ti purpose. "Germany is as good *as cut offi? dj from her over-seas supply by the si lent or protesting toleration of neu-s Strals, not only in regard to such goods Las are absolutely contraband, but also 1 In regard to such as, according to ac- i e knowledged law before the war, are u n on1ly con ditional contraband or not ,Icontraband at all "Great Britain, on the other hand, e'is with the toleration o' neutral gov-k .ernments, not only supplied withk dlIsuch goods as are not contraband or only conditional contraband, but with a n goods which are regarded by Great . Britain, if sent to Germany. as abso ~r lutely contraband; namely, provi il slons, Industrial raw materials, etc., t o and even with goods which have al-i 1- ways Indubitably been regarded as r- absolute contraband.n -"The terman government feel It s self obliged to point out with the, e greatest emphasis that a traffic in s, arms, estimated at many hundreds ofv e millions, is being carried on between ' American firms and Germany's ene-t mies. Germany fully comprehends that the practice of right and the tol eration of wrong on the part of neu- i trals are matters absolutely at the Idiscreien of neutrals, and involve no formal violation of neutrality. G er Imany, therefore, did not complain of z1 any formal violation of neutrality, .h sbus the German government, in viewh it of complete evidence before It. can* 1, not help pointing out that it. together I p- with the entire public opinion of Ger- I :tmany, feels itself to be severely p re iy judined by the fact that neutrals in K safeguarding their rights in legiti- j E- mate commerce with Germany ac- " p- cording to International law have. in :o to the present, achieved no. or only p- insis-nificant results, while they are :o making unlimited use of their riaht :hh carrying on contraband traffic with 3fGreat Britain and our other enemies i"If It is a formal right of neutrals P ll1i to take no steps to protect their lpgi >y timate trade with Germany. nnd even to allow themselves to he influenced In the direction of the conscious and wilful restriction of their trade, on t it the other hand. they have the perfect w 1 right, which they unfortunately do tnot exercise, to cease contraband b tjtrade. esnecially In arms, with Ger eimany's en emies. ot Germany's Necessity. n nany, after six months of patient! aiting, sees herself obliged to an wer Great Britain's murderous meth d of naval warfare with sharp coun er measures. If Great Britain, in ter fight against Germany summons Lunger as an ally, for the purpose of I mposing upon a civilized people of eventy millions the choice between estitution and starvation, or sub aission to Great Britain's commercial rill, then 'Germany is determined to ake up the gauntlet and appeal to imilar allies. "Germany trusts that the neutrals ,ho so far have submitted to the dis dvantages consequences of Great j 'ritain's hunger war in silence, or 2erely in registering a protest, will isplay towards Germany no smaller ieasure of toleration, even if Ger aan measures, like those of Great ;ritain, present new terrors of naval arf are. "Moreover,, the German govern 2ent is resolved to suppress with all lie means at its disposal, the impor ation of war materials to Great Brit- 3 in and her allies, and she takes it J o'" granted that neutral governments i F! !ch so far have taken no steps g finst the traffic in arms with Ger- C iany's enemies, will not oppose forc- t ble suppression by Germany of this t rade. b Danger to Neutrals. 0 "Acting from this point of view, s he German admiralty proclaimed a aval war zone whose limits it exact- q r defined. Germany, so far as pos ible, will seek to close this war zone C rith mines, and will also endeavor to s estroy hostile merchant vessels in very other way. M "While the German government, IJ i taking action basea upon this over- t owering point of view, keeps itself s ir removed from all intentional de- 13 truction of neutral lives and proper- f r, on the other hand it does not fail 1 ) recognize that from the action to P e taken against Great Britain dan- 9 ers arise which threaten all trade C ithin the war zone, without distinc- t, on. This is a natural result of mine arfare, which even under the strict- b t observan ce of the limits of inter- v ational law endangers every ship d pproaching the mine area. U "The German government consid- a rs itself entitled to hope that all b eutrals will acquiesce In these meas- 1 res as they have done in the case of ie grievous damages inflicted upon to iem by British measures, all the e tore so as Germany is resolved, for G e protection of neutral shipping, a ren in the naval war zone, to do b erything which is at all compatible R ith the attainment of this'object. "In view of the fact that Germany ive the first proof of her good will 0 t fixing a time limit of not less than 4 iurteen days before the execution of n Lid measure, so that neutral' ship- R ng might have an opportunity of aking arrangements to avoid threat- t< iing di.nger, this can most surely be C ihieved by remaining away from the ival war zone. Neutral vessels S hich, despite this ample notice, p hich greatly affects the achievement our aims in our war against Great g ritain, enter these closed waters t, ill themselves bear the responsibili- & for any unfortunate accidents that ay .occur. Germany disclaims all zsponsibility for such accidents -and insequences. "Germany has further expressly re- t unced the destruction of all mer iant vessels, as the United States ems erroneously to have under- s ood. This restriction which Ger- al any imposes upon himself is. pre idicial at the aim of our warfare, es- ta bcially as in the application of the C inception of contraband practiced by reat 'Britain towards Germany- a hich conception will now also be C >rrctly interpreted by Germany te presumption will be that neutral t ips have contraband aboard. Ger- b< any naturally is unwilling to re unce its rights to ascertain the resenzce of contraband in neutral IE assels, and in certain cases to draw n >nclusions the.refrom.-. Measures of Safety. "Germany Is ready, finally, to de- t berate with the United States con rning any measures which might cure the safety of legitimate ship- a ng of neutrals in the war zone. Ger-3 any can not, however, forbear to ~int out that all its efforts in thisu rection may be rendered very diffi 1t by two circumstances: First, i ue misuse of neutral flags by Brit h merchant vessels, which is indubi bly known to the United States: lE cond. the contraband trade already n entioned, especially war materials, tI 2 neutral vessels. B "Regarding the latter point, Ger- c any would fain hope that the UnIt I States wnuld come to a conclusion s real neutrality regarding the firste int. The secret order of the Brit- h h admiralty relating to Brts ips using neutral flags, has been 5 >mmunicated by Germany to thee nited States and confirmed by com .unication from the British foreigna lice, which designates this proced re as entirely unobjectionablc and Saccordance with British law. Brit- t h merchant shipping immediately c Ilowed this. advice as is doubtlessa nown to the American government -om the incidents of the Lusitania id the Laertes- h "3Ioreover, the British government b is sunplied arms to 'British mer ant ships and instructed them fore-e ly to resist German submarines. Inn ese circumstances it would be veryn fficult for submarines to recognize autral merchant ships, for search In t ost cases can not be undertaken. -ing that in the use of a disguised ritish ship from which an attack av he expected, the searching party d id the submarine would be exposed c Sdestruction. "Great Britain then was in a posi- ~ on to make the German measures !eory if the British merchant fleet ersisted in the misuse of neutral 1gs and neutral shins could not oth -wise be recornized beyond doubt. A ermany. however. being in a state necessity, wherein she was niaced e violation of law, must render ef etive her measures in all circum- h: ances in order thereby to compel it er adversary to adopt methods of la arfare corresnonding with internd- os nal law, and so to restore the free- A rm of .the seas of which Germany f4 all1 timies is the defender and for ft he'h she to-day is fighting. f "Grmany therefore rejoices that a" Vnitedl States had made renre- , intions to Great Britain concern- fe Sthe 11!e-a1 use of their flag and A oraca the exnectation that this al -eln!e will force Great Britain to s1 'sneat the American flag in the fuu- ti re. In this exnoctation, command- r. -s of Gcrman submarines have been, r structed as alendy mentioned in I te nowe of February 4. to refrain p -or violent action against Amcrican n terchant vessels so far as these can y recognized. Suggests Convoys. "In order to prevent in the snrest e anner the conseqiuences of confu- a 1HAT JAPAN WANTS [KING GlYfS JUT ALLfED LIT Of THE DEMANDS ATIONS CANNOT AliREE apan and China Seem Unable to Reach Terms of Settlement on a Basis Satisfactory to Both Con. tries-China Rejects First Id" of Japanese Demands. If Information from presumably rell informed sources is correct, the 1emorairdum recently given by the apanese legation to American, Brit sh, French and Russian diplomatic epresentatives respecting Japan't emands on China, omits certain .of he requirements originally presented D Peking. These negotiations, which egan late in January, had for their bject determination of the, future tatus of Japan's relations with China nd a decision respecting certati uestions regarding the future devel pment of the Chinese republic. Their ourse has been guarded with great ecrecy. On February 6, Sun Pao-Chi,. Chi ese foreign secretary, rejected apan's proposals on the ground that hey were incompatible with China's Dvereignty and conflicted with exist 2g treaties between China and-other Dreign powers. The Japanese min ,ter then asked for acceptance in rinciple, stated that the.detailed-no otiations could be conducted later, hina returned the same answer as a the principleslinvolved. The original demands, according t iformation from Peking sources ,ere 21 in number. The memoran um as handed to the legations of the nited States, Great Britain, Prance nd Russia is understood to contali at 11 demands, substantially as fol 1ws: In relation to Shantung, Cina is transfer to Japan all rights and ancessions 'previously enjoyed by ermany and must consult Japan on a -matters previously agreed upon etween Germany and China in that rovince. China Is to agree not to alienate e lease Shantung or any part of the >ast to any foreign government; and a island near Shantung ds to be used to any foreign power. China Is'to grant Japan the'right > construct a railroad from Kiao how to' Chl-Fu. Certain cities In the province of aantung shall be openedas treaty arts. In southern Manchuria and Mon aila terms of the lease of Port Ar tur and Darien and the Manchuriaa Mukden railroid are to be extend In the same regon.Japan.s to a Aire rights of residence, ownership land, mining grants for her na onals. Before granting railroad cones ons to any third power China must iree to previously consult Japan. Before endeavoring to obtain cap! .1 for loans from- any third power hina must consult Japan. Before choosing any foreign po~ti Li, military or financial advisers, bina must consult Japan. Transfer of management and con -ol of the Changohin railroad is to a made to the Japanese. China is obliged not to alienate or ase any ports or bays on any Island ear the Formosa coast. Among the original" demands not cluded in the memorandum as mnded to foreign legations' are said Sbe the following: That If China employs foreigners ;controlling advisers in her police, .ilitary or financial departments, spa~ese shall be preferred; that ie-half of the ammunition and arms sed by China must be purchased om Japan, or ,an arsenal be estab shed in China employing Japanese cperts and materials; that China ust grant to Japan the same privi ges as other nations to establish' issions, schools and churches troughout the country to propagate- - - uddhism; that mining concessions nflcting with existing concessions Hanang, Tayeh and Pind Slang ia11 not be granted i> other foreign s if the Chino-Japanese company, ereafter to be formed, shall disap rove; that certain railroad conces ons shall be granted; that foreign *s other than Japaneso shall be ex uded from future railroad, mining ad dock building concessions unless apan shall consent. It is learned that China has made iree counter proposals concerning ncessions in Manchuria, Mongolia ad Shantung and has signified will ~ness to make a public declaration -- lat China shall never cede a port. arbor or Island to another .power, - at declined to pledge itself to that Tect to Japan. China also has expressed willing ass to discuss any demand she does :>t regard as infringing on her own >vereignty or affecting existing -eaties with other powers. The status of the negotiations now rather clouded. Whether Japan ill press for her demands in full or acide she can not insist on any ex Ipt the 11th set forth In the com+ tunications to the foreign govern .ents is not known. TO HELP POLAND. mnericans Negotiate Agreement With German Authorities. America and Germany are joining ands, says a Netherlands dispatch. relief measures for the civil popu tion in the war devastased districts Poland. Representatives of the mnerican Red Cross and the Rocke 11er Foundation, after investigation. >und this work as essential as relief >r Belgium. While American representatives ere negotiating what amounts to a >rmal treaty with the German and ustrian authorities providing guar atees not only that imported food applies shall not be requisitioned by ie military authorities, but tha.t all aquisitions shall cease in occupied agions. a German committee had bo an raising money to buy food for a eople who offically are their en ies. Dutch Instruct Shippers. The Dutch government has inform-. - i all skippers to halt theIr vessels t the first sight of a submarine and