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WHO SHOT COHEN? CIALESTON CORONER'S JURY CONDUCTING INQUIRY MllITIA STANDS UARD Witpeses Tell Conflicting Stories as to Scene in Death Chamber-Mc Donala Accused-Brown Accused But Accuser Fails to Identify Him --What Others Said. Only the coroner, counsel for the state and the jurors are allowed to question witnesses, the coroner hav Ing at the outset announced he would follow the law, which regards an Inqest as merely an ex parte pro eeeding by the state. No spectators except three news paper men- and two members of the family of the deceased are :present, only attorneys and witnesses being admitted besides these. Every per son entering the building; except sol diers In uniform, is searched from ealp to heel and- any article that might be considered a weapon is taken from him by the sentries. All the-witnesses- are held in segregation under guard. John P. Grace, mayor of Charles ton, arrived at the court house in sompany with Mr. Logan and said he was .present as am, attorney. He was admitted after he had been searched. The mayor as he handed over a re volver which he took from his hip pocket turned to Col. Blythe, com manding the troops, and said: .I want you to bear witness that I gave this up before being searched." As he left the building the mayor regained his revolver and' replaced it -In his pocket. James R. Cantwell. ehief of police,-appeared with a pack age of papers and - other property which he .said had been removed from the persons of Henry J. Brown And dward R. MpDonald at the time of their Arrest -last. Friday. Thi chief, after.he bad bee4 dis -' armedw"- 4scorted by Capt. Meyer to the court room, but when he had delivered'his parcel and an oral mes sage to-Mayor Grace he was excluded an the ground that he.was a witness, Capt. Meyer took the package from ]im and examined it-before he would permit it to pass into Mr. Grace's %Iiands, in order to satisfy -himself it did -not contain a weapon. Half adoze lpistol% mostly of the "aine type, with holsters were produced by the coroner as-weapons recovered from the committee room, where Friday's affray occurred. An other interesting exhibit was a col p6tion of. hats: left--behind -by -their ownerse the hurried whi'olesale exit from; the room when the shooting .ommenced. Joseph A. Black, the county chair wan,as the first witness. His tes timony was in substance the state aent from him already summarized. except that he described -as -a "tall sa with a little black hnt' the per son who he said ainied a pistol at Shim. ssying; "I'll get the - - Inr; Black averred that when he ap teleddo Police Sergt. Quinn the lat ter drew, a'gun on him. -am almost positive he snapped witness declared. "I threw zhand over my face," he. went on, 'pcigto be killed instantly. -Mr. Cohen was at my side. I.heard just then the crack of a pistol from where the tall man with the little hat was standing and looking down, saw Mr. 8ohen on the floor at my feet. Pre vlonsly a shot had rung out In the -' anteroom. Starting out I saw Chief Cantweil with his pistol drawn upon a man whom two other men were holding Mr. Cohen grabbed my leg, ~ .but I .jerked ifree and went on, as threats were being made in the room against me. -After the shot that kill ed .4 hen there was a fusillade. Twb more' shots sounded as I went through a window. Mr. Cohen did niot speak. I am positive he was kill ed-. by the large man with the .small hat.". ' . The witness said he saw- no-other S.persons with revolvers out except Chief Cant-well and-a man over In the prno~er whom .he did nqt recognize. Coroier 'Mansfield on Mr. Cobb's ad eerefused .to let Mr. Grace cross - mie Chairman Black. Lee Holmes, a member of the Hyde -majority in the committee, heard, he said, a shout in .the ante room.. "Put up that-gun," follow~f 'O-by a shot. He heard Committeem- n McDonald, inside the committee room, say to a man named Brouth ers, TYou can't intimidate us." -Me Doinald, as -Brouthers advanced to ward him, drew a -pistol' Abogt thai tine the witness started for a win dow. Just them a man standing in the centre of the room and within his ' view raised a pistol and fired three or - our times in a northerly direction He believed he would recognize thre -man ifhe saw him again. Ho did not see Mr. -Cohen and did .not see Mc Donald fire. . . N. B. Barnwell, a Hyde committee man, heard in the anteroom, he said. a commotion in which Goldman's name was mentioned, then a shot. followed by a rush Into the commit -.ee room.. William Wingate crowded in. -He 'saw-a pistol In Henry Brown's band. Chief CantwcHl, gun in hand, a eneredandjoind agroup scuffling 'a corner, from which presently a shot sounded. He saw a pistol in Mc Donald's hand. Other persons had pistols out also but the witness does not remember who they were. A man whom he understood to be Brown and who had been in the room fired towards the north. He saw no shots toward where Cohen fell. All those who led the rush into the room were in citi sens' clothes. He believes Wingate -,was among those who flourished pis tols. He thinks all' the weapons he saw were magazine pistols. Dan S. Lesesne, another Hyde comn mitteeman, said he sprang between Brouthers and IMcDonald to prevent trouble and as he did so a shot was fired over his shoulder by somebody * toward McDonald. He did not at any tlpe see a pistol and did not see Mr. Cohen after the latter had taken his seat prior to the opening of the meet - ng. The witness departed through - a window. W. P. Poulnot, a Hyde committee man, saw Brouthers and McDonald in an altercation. As the crowd surged in he heard a shot. Two men in a corner were fighting with their fists. --McDonald was at his left. James Allan grabbed -Mc~onald and jerked a revolver out of McDonald's pocket. The witness was seated just back of Cohen. He saw pistols in the hands of Cantwell, McDonald, Wingate and Sergt. Quinn. He saw a pistol flash in the northeast corner, but could not say who had it or where the bullet went. Brown was there, but witness did not see a pistol -in his hand. He saw Sergt. Quinn throw his revolver In Chairman Black's face. -John P. Michel, a Grace commit teeman, took the stand. He testified he saw Brown. gain the centre or the committee room, he said, and start firing. He did not see Mr. Cohpn. J- W- Robson, Hy-de committee man, saw a man whose forearni and hand only werq. visible to him afii-e rapidly several times at Wingate. .He -saw Chief Cantwell fire at a man -whom two- others were struggling. with at a window. He grasped the c hief's revolvor wth both hands and across the street. He turned and saw Cohen lying on the floor. He used a chair as a shield to prevent crowd from trampling on Cohen. He does not know Brown. Harry Hancock, Grace committee man, said he saw Brown shooting but when Brown was produced admitted he couldn't say whether the man be fore him was the one he saw shoot ing. He said. he intervened in a row between Brouthers and McDonald and grabbed the latter's pistol --nd it went T off. He afterwards saw Mr. Cohen I lying six feet away near a window. J. I. Cosgrove, another Grace com mitteeman, said he saw Brown shoot Wingate, then fire deliberately at him again after he had fallen. He yelled to Hancock to disarm McDonald and saw them grapple. He went himself to assist in overpowering Brown. He saw Cohen, with Black and another man, crowding through a window. Cohen suddenly fell backward into the room. He had put one foot on the window sill and the other on a chair. Chief Cantwell ran up and en grabbed Brown by the throat. The vo witness caught the chief's hand and ati as he did so the chief's pistol was at discharged. re "I presume Jie intended to shoot NC Brown," said the witness. Cosgrove iei said he saw pistols in the hands only gr of Brown, McDonald and Cantwell. en He-identified Brown upon the latter ,to being produced before him. He said . Cohen fell near the spot where Mc- It Donald and Hancock were struggling. He doesn't know in *what direction McDonald's gun was pointed. On Tuesday several. new lines of l testimony, were opened but these ne tended, rather to incriminate in the ed affray persons not heretofore accused cc than to throw light on the main ques- bu tion as to whose hand fired the shot m which brought down 'Mr. Cohen. ya - One witness, Jerry W. Dunn, made til the first direct imputation of guilt be for that homicide. He said he saw 9 one of the two men now in arrest, J Edward R. lcDonald, shoot Mr. Cohen in the back, though he would to not say the shot was deliberately aim- m fa ed at the newspaper man. Some evi dence was adduced tending to show that the police took special care to keep down trouble, whereas testi- P mony from other quarters was that police actively- participated in the disorder. P Two witnesses said. they saw a in policeman stand in the doorway and T( deliberately fire into the committee at room. Allen Legare said he heard Plain Clothes Officer Hogan, after conver:,ing in low tones with Chief h( Cantwell, say "All right, there will ac be held when I get to them," where- er upon Hogan entered committee t headquarters and a- commotion cul- bt minating in pistol shots immediately re broke out 'there. e E. A. Cobia said he heard Hogan P say, "I am going to get what I came ce for or they will have to carry me off sc in a wagon." g W. B. Hearon, who admitted he 0 had 'been tried for murder and ac luitted, Mayor Grace being his attor- ci ney in that case, testified that he saw a Hogan fire into the committee room In and this, he said, was the first shot al he heard. Further evidence directly $4 charging the, prisoner, Henry J. la Brown, with shooting William E. te Wingate was introduced. l Mendel L. Smith, judge of the ez Fifth circuit, has the distinction of P] being the first person not in military w uniform allowed so far to enter the of nquest without- undergoing a search si of his person. Judge Smith had busi- T ness Tuesday at his chambers, open- te ing off the court room. .When he ap peared at the court house door sen- tb tries stationed there halted him and t were about to insist on searching him for arms, when - somebody said: di "Why, that's tie presding.judge of ' the sessions court." Thereupon the udge was- bowed past the inner cor lon of sentries. A., M. Deal of Columbia was sworn n as official stenographer. of the in- c quest. During the afternoon session, ci hav~ng need of spare notebooks, he e sent downstairs for his bag. A sen try brought it and he was about to open it when Capt. Meyer, ranking military officer present, said with a -smile, "Beg pardon, but I'll have to p cxamine that first for firearms." Noli lethal weapons being found to lurk ec beneath its clasps, the grip was hand- CC d to -4ts .owner. f Mr. Littlejohn of The News andw Courier staff saw, he testified, the be- s ginning of a quarrel between Brouth, S rs and McDonald, but being in line ~ between them he dodged and at that di nstant heard a shot from .the north- d ast corner. He--made his way to the south wall and men passing in front orevented him from seeing middle of he room and sides. -He heard men pressing in through 1 the doorway. The only weapon he bi aw was a pistol held by a man in .he centre of the room, whose hand h5 nly was vir~ble to -him. The muzzle hr was directed toward ihe . doorway. cr Some shots were fired within six feet b af where the witness stood. He es- p zped through-lioutheast window. er Committeeman .Momeir said that on hearing a row at the door he. o moved to the southwest corner to get th out of the line of fire. He heard sev-s: eral shots. Several policemen had te istols out. McDonald had a gun in his hand, hanging down. Replying th o a question, propounded through ol olicitor Cobb,- by Mayor Grace, .the la witness said he heard exclamations in p oom after Cohen fell-"Brown did a it. Brown did. the shootini!." The fe witness was not armed. m Mr. Sams of The News and Courier y, staff said he heard -from his seat gi within the committee room the noise ti< >f Rentiers' arrest in -the anteroom. cr Hancock told McDonald thP+, Ren- p1 tiers was flashing a gun. Chairman p Black passed him going to the tele- g ~hone, but several men cried. "Not yet, not yet'" e Hearing a shot in the northeast be orner, the witness backed against is the south wall, Black being then- at er his side. Several more shots rang la o.ut. Men were falling. He saw w; Brown standing in the northeast of g the centre of the room and firing left de nd right, apparently at random. Of- g( fcer Hogan (alias "Rumpty Rattles,-" ne a plain clothes man-), as the witness p, passed him going out, threw his hand in to his hip pocket, but let him pass. -fo He saw Brown fire three times in a to northwesterly direction. He saw somebody present a pistol at W. Tur- m, nr Logan. He knew Brown well by Ni sight as a former policeman. Brown gr being produced, the witness identified si him. He did not see McDonald with al: pistol. wl R. C. Richardson, secretary of the wt ~xeutive committee, said a shot in ta: the anteroom or near the door stain eded the crowd. There was a sec- is o d shot, then a fusillade, then a lull. fo T~e witness had so far kept his seat, th towering his head, but at this stage Mi climbed upon the window sill. in Finding the balcony space crowded, ca: however, he stepped back into the Ize room. Then he saw Sidney Cohen on in: the floor. He put his hand on his ho forhead and said, "Sidney. old boy, all are you badly hurt?" He realized mx then Mr. Cohen was dying. He gath- m< ered his papers and went out to get .thi a doctor. He met N. B. Barnwell and tyi asked him to phone for a physician. When he reached' King. str-eet the aw witness was arrested and -das detain- tio d at police headquarters about an ize hour. While he was under arrest a wi] i'n clothes man came up. collared fle him and shook him. He saw McDon- mc ad's hand with a gun in it pointing cra tpward, but held by several hands.. - He saw-a man whom he did not tor know standing in the centre of the Ne room with a pistol hield towards the for north. Brown beimr brought in the bui itness g'entjiced him as the man. ma Re din't see him fire and saw him nol only iomlentarily. He (lid not fire rot while the glance of the witness rested ant LAN TO ECONOMIZE; --- NELS WANTS GOVERNMENT TO GET MATERIAL AT COST 0 FORTIFY COASTS .retary Will Recommend Legisla tion to Enable the Government to Work Its Own Plants-Coast De fences on Atlantic and Pacific are to be Modernized. What the navy expects to do to rd preventing private manufactur from reaping excessive profits in Ived in the administration's na onal defense program was outlined Raleigh, N. C., Wednesday by Sec :ary Daniels in a speech at the ,rth Carolina state fair. Mr. Dan s said his annual report to con ?ss would recommend legislation to able the government to equip itself build more naval c'raft, make its n armor plate and greatly extend manufacture of munitions, "The government has invested tny millions of dollars in navy rds," said the secretary, "and un a this investment is utilized for w construction much of it is wast . If the government is prepared to nstruct naval craft - private ship ilding companies desiring contracts ist compete with government rds. This tends to secure competi e prices and prevent combinations tween private corporations to arge higher prices than conditions stify. "Not only must the yards be able build ships, but naval establish ants should be equipped to manu ture a porton of all munitions of In this. connection Mr. Daniels inted out that the government paid P cents a pound to a private manu cturer a few years ago for making wder, but the navy now was mak g it at a cost of about 25c a pound. rpedoes and wines, ho said, also re being manutactured by the navy a great saving of money. "The'se cases could be multiplied," added. "Do not understand me to vocate any monopoly by the gov nment in the manufacture of muni ns. There are many things we can ty from private manufacturers at a asonable price. The navy, .how er, should be feee to make a large .rt of its munitions if private con rns charge excessive prices, as has metimes been the case when the ivernment is shut up to buy from Jly two or three manufacturers. "It has been ascertained by a spe l commission that the navy, with modern plant, can manufacture ar or plate for from $230 to $260, as ainst the non-competitive prices of 25 to $486 a ton charged .in the st contract. Experience in Europe aches that the navy should not ager rely upon private mantfactur s for projectiles. If congress ap oves we will erect a large factory ich will -turn out a large product fourteen-inch armor-piercing ells-as well as smaller projectiles. 1s will insure better shells and bet r competition." The secretary particularly directed e attention of southern farmers to e lack ,of ships in tho American erchant -marine to carry their pro ice to those who need it and are iling to pay .for it. "What the navy needs and, in case trouble, would need sorely," he [ded, "are auxiliaries properly built Ld equipped with trained Amer? as. A merchant marine with for gn crews is not an American need, them for commerce or defense." Before leaving Washington, Mr. aniels discussed the plans of th.e tvy department to effectively pro ct the United States. According to ans, there will be by -1925 a first le of dreadnoughts and -bzttle cruis s numbering forty-three; a fleet of ast defense submarines that would inge the Atlantic and Pacific coasts th an almost solid'line of interior ~fense; a fleet of nearly 175 de royers and squadrons of huge sea-. dng fleet submarines to operate ith the battle sqltadrons at great stances from shore. General characteristics. of the su r-battle cruisers for thae new navy ilding program, approved by the neral board, contemplated ships ~arly 800 feet long, between 90 and 0 feet in beam and with six tur ne driven propellers to make a mn ium speed of thirty-five knots an mr. Even the new fleet of scout uisers will not equal the battle uisers in speed. The former will designed to maintain for long riods a speed of twenty-five knots; duranco rather than excessive eed being the object seught. All the new dlestroyers will make over irty knots an hour and one of the c for which contracts were let yes rday will make-thirty-two knots. For the army there would be at e end of six years a trained force ,1,200,000 men, including a regu r army of 140,000 and the pro ised continental army anid 'reserves. ring of fully manned coast -de nses, equipped with the largest and ost powerful guns yet built, and a .st reserve of field guns, machine ns, howitzers and big gun ammuni m. In addition, the enormously in eased capacity of private munition ants would give assurances of am e supplies of small arms and field in ammunition. Neither wai- nor navy department timates for the coming year have en made public as yet in detail. It learned, however, that of the- sev ty-two-million-dollar increase over at year's bill to be asked by the ir department $46,000,000 would toward reserve material and coast fense works, the remaining $26, 0000 to be used in building up the w armies, regular and continental. L.t of the $46,O00.000 would go to building and arming the new rts which will guard the entrance Chesapeake bay. It is proposed to spend more of the aney in building new forts to guard w York, San Francisco and other eat harbors from attack. Gigantic :teen-inch rifles will be mounted in these defenses of the first class, iere enemy craft with modern guns uld be dangerous from great dis :ice. Another expenditure contemplated for fitting the present twelve and rteen-inch rifles with carriages it will give them greater range. Ich already has been accomplishe,d that way, and the work will be ~ried on until every fort is modern d. No sixteen-inch rifles will be ~talled in place of smaller guns, ever, it Is said. because to make the changes in magazines, hoists, chinery and the like would be re expensive and less satisfactory n to build new emplacements for1 hse huge weapors. 'he navy, department has still to ard contracts for the majior per-1 r of the building program author-1 d by the last congress. Contracts1 be awarded next month for four i at submarines, bigger, faster and re powerful than any submersiblei ft ever designed. The Schiey, now1 Fh new hoats will displace 1,200 s and make twenty-five knots. 1 tt month- also ceon Lracts will be let1 ..jwo 32,000-ton superdrnead Iding, will displace l,000 tons and ke'twenty knots on the surface. ihts, ships which will carry a< nd dozen Yourteeli-inch rifles each will have new protection against t REXICANS WRECK TRAIN; LAY IN WAIT FOR LOOTING Bandits Hold up Train Near Interna national Border and Cause Deith of Two Men. Inspired by race hatred as well as lesire for loot, twenty Mexicans sup posed to be followers of Luis de la Rosa, leader of the so-called Texas revolution, held up and robbed a rain near Olmito, seven miles.north o )f Brownsville, Texas, late Monday 2ight. As a result two men are dead, nother is probably fatally wounded, ind four others are seriously hurt. The bandits are believed to have scaped into Mexico. The scene of the robbery was three miles from the Rio Grande. The !Mexicans as they 5red at the train crew and passengers shouted: "Viva Pizano!" "Viva Car- e ranza!" Pizano was a co-leader with c de la Rosa. t] The train on the St. Louis, Browns- B ville and Mexico railrotd was wheck- ] ed before being attacked. United a States soldiers took part in the bat tle with the bandits and detachments sJ of troops pursued them when they t, fled. r . The dead: Corporal McBee, third Onited States cavalry, shot; Engineer I H. P. Kendall, pinned beneath en gine; Dr. T. S. McCain, deputy state 0 health officer at Brownsville, was shot in abdomen and probably injured s s fatally. Others Injured were: Harry t J. Wallis, Brownsville, shot in arm; R. Woodhall, fireman, scalded and bruised; Caude J. Brishear, troop A, Sixth cavary, shot in jaw; C. H. Lay- r non, troop D, Third cavalry, shot in C neck and leg. s The bandits removed the spikes S from a rail and lying concealed in a the nearby brush jerked the rail away b with a long heavy wire just as the locomotive approached it. -The en- a gine, baggage and mail and express b cars left the tracks. The day coach d and smoking car remained on the c raqils. There were few passengers t aboard. The robber band was led by five or r six Mexicans clad in khaki uniforms and with cheap straw hats while out side the train about fifteen more r Mexicans kept up a constant fire. j After the robbery the Mexicans burn- I ed a trestle north of them which pre- t vented prompt arrival of - United 1 States soldiers sent from San Benito. These troops had to leave their spe cial train and march a mile to reach the wrecked train.- C t SERBIA IN DEADLY DANGER 1 OF BEING OVERWHELMED It Bulgarians Rush Over Border-Ten- t tons Advance Slowly-Little News of Anglo-French. t Londop, Wednesday: Latest re- c ports fro'm the near-east indicate that Serbia is in deadly danger of being overwhelmed by the armies of her neighbor. No less than eight Bulga rian forces have crossed into Serbian territory. -C The Austro-German forces are ad- 1 vancing slowly but steadily, their lat- f est claim being that a junction has been effected to -the west of Semen dria. The railroad between Nish and Saloniki has been cut by the Bulga rians, sweeping over the frontier in superior numbers. No news has been received of the movements of the Anglo-French army, although it is known to have been in action as the arrival of French wounded at Salon iki .has been reported. Italy's declaration of war againstc Bulgaria increases the hopes of hert allies that she will join in the Balkan campaign, but what form her assist ance will take has not been indicated 1 definitely. Russia now finds herself1 alone in not having issued a formal declaration of war against her former protege. MAY RUN FOR GlOVERNOR Bishpville Man is Not Positive About f It, However. A dispatch fro~m Columbia to the News and Courier says: "I will not at this time make a positive statement, but there is every probability that I will be in the race for governor next1 summer," was the answer made by Hon. W. A. Stuckey of Bishopville to a query from newspaper men. Interest attaches to the probable candidacy of Mr. Stuckey for gover nor because of his hold on the so called Blease faction. He was a po litical supporter of the former gov ernor and wielded a big influen~ce, especially in the Pee' Dee section of the state among that faction. Against Montenegro. 1 London, Wednesday: It is reportedt from Frankfort that the Central pow-t ers have decided to undertake a cam pagn against Montenegro. Accord ing to this report. forwaded from Amsterdam by a correspondent of the Central1-4ews, twenty thousand Aus trian and German infantrymen withr artillery have arrived from Galacia att Sarayevo, in Bosnia, about sixty miles nor of the Siontenegrin border.* t Women Lose in N. J. Indications based on unofficial re turns are that woman suffrage is de feated in New Jersey by from fifty thousand to sixty thousand. A mat jority of 23,671 was recorded on un- I official returns from 804 of the t state's 1,891 districts, the vote being I 5,766 foi- a'nii -80,347 against the s amendment. Italian Squadron Sails. Paris, Wednesday: An Italian 9 squadron has left for the Near East I under sealed orders, supposedly to I participate in the blockade of the I Dulgarian coast, according to a a Brindisi dispatch received here this s evening but which had been delayed S in transmission.b Parliament Confirms Loan. f A bill to conform the action of the ~ envernme1e in raising a five hundred 1 million dollar loan in the l'nited States in conjunction with France, C passed through all stages of the which is being closely guarded.t Construction was ready to begin early this week on tho largest num ber of ships ever awarded by the navy department at one time. The eontracts which have just .been let by Secretary Daniels call for the con- c struction of sixteen submarines and I six destroyers. r Four destroyers are to be b1:ilt at " private yards. and one each r t the 0 iorfolk and Mare Island yarda. re- e: ;pectively. Fourteen submarines are ii : be built at private establishments bi Ind two at navy yards. h The contract calls for delivery of la :he vessels in from eighteen to twen- c< y months. All of the destroyers will ave a minimum speed of thirtya nots an hour and a displacement of .125 tons each. They will have ap attery of four four-inch rapidl-five hl ifles. two anti-aircraft guns, and g our triple torpedo tubes to discharge ~ he heaviest and largest torpedoes , low built. The submarines will have surface" nl submerged speeds of fourteen H md ten knots, respectively, with a : Lisplacement of 580 tons. Each will 0 >e equipped, in addition to torpedo ti nbes. with a three-inch disappearing it EOONIZE MEXICO' 1E UNITED STATES TO SEND < ACCREDITED AMBASSADOR UARRANZA WINS OUT d p ificial Recognition is to be Given a i3 Government of the First Constitu- r tionalist Leader---Other American 0 Countries Join the United States in n the Act. Venustiano Carranza was recogniz- 9 I formally Tuesday as the chief exe ative of the republic of Mexico by ie governments of the United States, razil, Chile, Argentina, Guatemala, olivia, Uruguay, Colombia and Nic ragua. Diplomatic representetives of the x first named Latin-American coun ies, selected in the order of their ink at Washington, were parties to 2e Pan-American conference on Mex :an affairs, but the action of Colom ia and Nicaragua indicate that all ther republics of the western hemi phere will follow the lead of their ister nations: in extending recogni ton. Each of the governments sent a ,tter to Eliseo Arredondo, personal presentative in Washington of Mr. |arranza. All were couched in the ame form. That -of the United tates added a formal expression of n intention soon to accredit-an am assa'dor to Mexico. Henry Prather Fletcher, American mbassador to Chile, already has een decided on as the next ambassa or to Mexico. Although a Republi an in politics, he was elevated from he rank of minister by President Vilson, after a long and successful ecord in tho diplomatic service. He was educated for the law and racticed in Chambersburg, Pa., for any years. He enlisted with the tough Riders and later served in.the 'hillipines. He began as secretary to he American legation in Cuba in 902, and has been in the diplo aatic service ever since, in China, 'ortugal and Chile. Secretary Lansing's letter of rec gnition referred only to the inten ion to accredit an ambassador soon. ts text was as. follows: "October 19, 1915. "Eliseo Arredondo, Esq., Washing on, D. C.-My Dear Mr. Arredondo: t is my pleasure to Inform you that he president of the United States akes this opportunity of extending ecognition to the do facto govern aent of Mexico, of which Gen. Venus ianb Carranza is the chief executive. "The. government of the United tates will be pleased to roceive for ally in - Washington a diplomatic epresentative of the de facto gov rnment as soon as it shall. please ren. Carranza to designate and ap oint such representative, and, re iprocally the government of the Inited States will accredit to the do acto government a diplomatic repre entative as soon as the president has ad opportunity -to designate such epresentative.- I should appreciate I t if you could find it possible to I ommunicate this information to Gen. 1 arranza at your earliest conveni- i "Very sincerely yours, "Robert Lansing, "Secretary of State." This document-the goal of Mexi-< an revolutionary elements -for. nearly hree years-was delivered without eremony by a state department mes eger at noon to Mr. Arredondo at he Mexican embassy building. Short y afterwards, in response to a tele ihone invitation from Secretary Lan ing, Mr. Arredondo called at the tate department for a conference. He was escorted to the apte-roomi rhere ministers and ambassadors are eceived. He spent half an hour with he secretary, discussing Mexican af airs in general. Mr. Arredondo eaves Thursday for Saltillo to de iver in person to Gen. Carranza the etters of recognition. Several diplomats called at the exican -embassy during the after Loon and many felicitations camo by elegram or messenger. Mr. Arre Londo issued a statement, in which L said: "Recognition of the government of Krr. Carranza is a triumph of Pan mnerican policy, and without doubt rill bring about very soon the re stablishment of peace and normal onditions In Mexico. For this;" the tatement said, "Mexico's sister re ublics deserve felicitation." "Foreigners,'' tho statement said, 'have, and wi1l continue to have, the trotection to which they are entitled y international law and existing reaties in accordance with interna ional amity. Foreign e-:pital will bet elcomed, and very soon a decree of mnesty which Mir. Carranza is pre laring will be issued, that will per ait-the Mexicans whose presence in1 dexico will not constitute a vital aenace to the peace and consolida ion of the government to return rm their exile, which has caused hem to suffer on account of the ivil war. "Railroad and telegraph communi ation is being re-established as rap-1 :ly as possible."I Mr. Arredondo also gave out a dis latch from Gen. Carranza stating hat no Carranza troops had crossed at Guatemala, as reported, and that trict orders had been given to avoid 1 ny complications on the Guatema s border. Gen. Carranza's career has been a icturesque one in Mexican politics. le was .born fifty-six years ago of aa rominent family, which supported lenito Jaurez in the three years' war nd against the French invasion.' Her tudied for a professional career ata altillo. his home, and Mexico City,s ut was forced to abandon it because I f )oor eyesight. Later he took to irming. He entered politics earlyr nd always had been an advocate of cal self-government. He was the rst municipal president of Cuatroa ienegas, a deputy to the State Leg ;lature of Coahuila and afterwards a iember of the ,Mexican Senate from it state. Carranzn opposed the 'iaz regime in Coahuila and ran for c~-presidnt on the ticket with Gen. I eys against him. He supported racisco Madero in his unsuccess :1 campaign in the election of 1910 impaign. He was a member of1 [adero's personal cabinet while in ti volution against Diaz and after- c ards became provisional governorb Coahuila. Later, in the general t< lection. he was chosen by a large b ajority governor of Coahuila and o agan a system of reforms in his a ame state on taxation and land t< .ws, introducing also a new state nstitution. Carranza was first to rise in revolt p :Cainst Huerta. He called a confer- a ice of revolutionary chiefs at the s acienda de Guadelupe. from which sl issued the famous Plan of Guade- g tpe, disavowing the authority of si uerta and prop~osing a conference at - exico City. When the conference re as called after the overthrow of be uerta a disagreemnent arose between n rranza and Gen. Villa, commander C the division of the north, as to e, ,e manner of choosing delegates to al Another Convention was held in oj RANCE HAS AERIAL ARMY READY TO BATTLE THE FOE orrespondents SeeBattle Aeroplanes,1 Cruiser, Scout and Torpedo Planes-Carry 3-in. Guns. An aerial army no longer is a ream of romance. Sueh an army, armed in divisions and squadrons, rith battle aeroplanes, cruiser aero lanes, scouts and torpedo planEs, all rmored heavily and carrying three ich cannon and rapid-fire guns, is a eality. It has been made possible hrough the remarkable development f military aviation in France. The French government has per iitted the first inspection of its new leet of aeroplanes. Opportunity was iven to inspect the large and small ypes of the new battle planes and atch them manoeuvring high in the ir, firing round after round from heir three-inch rifles while they oured, looped and dated about. The minister of war, Alexander fillerand, assigned two military ex ierts of the staff of the aviation ser ice-Capt. de Lafargue and Lieut. "aruf-to conduct the correspond nts first to one point, the name of rhich may not be mentioned, where he new fleet of battle craft had been ssembled, and later the A7iation ;chool at B-, where one hundred ilitary aviators were learning to avigate the new war craft. The aviation held, Is a vast enclo ure. Entering the field a monster attle plane loomed up thirty feet igh, with a number of planes tretching one hundred and thirty eet across. Further back was rang d the fleet of battle cruisers and cout planes. They were formed like , battalion, twenty planes in a row Lcross the front and ten deep.j Their iuge wings made a front,half a mile vide. The-battle plane and all the cruis ,rs were armed heavily. Each car led both the three-inch cannon and he rapid-fire gun. The huge battle plane was the :hief centre of attention. The engi ier who constructed it explained the letails. The officers said this was he first actual realization of the bat ;1e plane, other aerial- dreadnoughts iaving proved impractical. This mon ;ten actually flew, carrying a crew f twelve men, with two cannon on :he wings throwing three-inch steel rojectiles. ro BUILD 20 DREADNOUGHTS FOR U. S. NAVY IN 5 YEARS President Wilson and Secretary Dan iels Confer as to Needs of National Defence. Fifteen to twenty fighting ships of 'he dreadnought and battle cruiser ype with a proportionate number of sea-going submarines, coast subma rines, scout cruisers, destroyers and uxiliaries, enough to make a new American fleet, is contemplated by ecretary Daniels for recommenda ion as 4 five-year building program or the navy. President Wilson and Secretary Daniels have discussed informally he navy's needs and are agreed that o be adequately prepared for defense he fleet's strength must be almost' ioubled in the next five years. An ather conference between the presi lent and secretary will be held Fri lay at which time the total number yf battle ships to be asked for prob ably will be fixed. The five-year naval program when :onplete would add, in addition to Ireadnoughts and battle cruisers, searly one hund red submarines. tout seventy dest; oyers and several cout c'ruisers and fuel and hospital ships An important part of the program, oo, will be a proposal for a large ncrease in personnel. Appropria :ions for at least eight thousand ad litional men will be asked for the rst year. The total cost of the proposed pro' gram of the first year is put at nearly :wo hundred and forty-eight million lollars. Just what construction ;hould be provided for the first year is not been determined. It is considered probable that the :onstruction program for the first ear will' exceed that of succeeding rears that urgent deficiencies may be illed promptly. It is understood President Wilson ntends to discuss the naval pregram a his annual message and to make f it adi administration measures. It s the purpose of the navy depart nent to recommend at least . thirty ubmarines for next year. It is plan iing to bring the total to about one iundred and severity in fivo years. It is not known what the plans of he navy are for the organization of he new fleet, but the general belief n naval quarters that the plan of aving a fleet in the Pacific will fig ire materially in the new program. RUSSIANS CLAIM SUCCESS; GERMANS STRONG IN WEST .ondon Says Teutons Have Been Heavily Reinforced-British and French Repulse Attacks. London reports Wednesday: Along he eastern front activity is confined o the two tips of the long battle ie. The Germans are pressing their iffensive in the northern area, near iga, while General Ivanoff claims everal successes fur his Russian ~rmy in Galicia. Reports from the allies on the estern front indicate that the Ger nans have been reinforced heavily td are showing a disposition to as ume the offensive. Field Marshal irench announced the complete re ulse north of Loos of Germans who nade an attack after heavy artillery preparation. Paris* reports that east f Rheims the Germans made a fierce .ttack on a .large scale, occupying everal French trenches. COTTON FUTURES ACT VOID 'ederal District Court Decides Against Lever Bill. The cotton futures act of August 8, 1914, was declared unconstitu lonal Wednesday in a decision hand d down in the federal district court y Judge Charles M. Hough in the st case brought by.Samuel T. Hub ard of the cotton brokerage house f Hubbard Brothers of New York. gainst John Z. Lowe, collector of in rnal revenue. The decision was base~d on the oint that the Lever bill, which im osed the tax, originated in the Sen te, and not in the House of Repre ntatives, as a revenue measure tould. The court expressed its re ret that it had to pass .judgment on Lch narrow grounds. fusd to recognize, declarir-g it had een dominated by Villa troops. For Lore than a year now the Villa and arranza factions have been fighting ich other, with the Zapata elcment so in the field against Carranza. Eten in co-operation with the Villa ASQUITi SUDDENLY ILL; CARSON QUITS CABINET Premier's Condition is,"Satisfactory" -E-Attorney General With holds His Statement. The condition of Premier Asquith, who was suddenly taken ill Tuesday, was described by his physicians at noon Wednesday as satisfactory. The following bulletin war given out: "The .prime minister passed a satis factory night. His condition improv ed. He will be confined to his room all day." Premier Asquith's illness has had the effect of producing a greater air of calm in political circles than would otherwise have attended the resigna tion of Attorney General Sir Edward Carson, and from present appear ances there will be no more resigna tions from the cabinet. It is quite likely that the premier's absence will be extended to nine or ten days. This enforced cessation of political passions is expected to give time for the reconciliation of the dif ferences. It seems that Sir Edward Carson had intended to make public a statement, but the premier's illness resulted in Sir Edward's deciding to postpone it until Mr. Asquith's return to the House of Commons. - The resignation of Sir Edward Car son, the first open ianifestation of the divergence of views known to ex ist among the ministers is the result,. according to an authoritative state ment, not of the' controversy over conscription, but of the conditions of affairs in the near east. *Sir Edward himself so far has made no personal explanation of his reasons for resigning, but it is under stood that he disapproves of the pol icy of the war department in the Bal kans and the method of confining the whole national policy to a sciall "in ner cabinet" Sir Edward Carson, prior to the outbreak of the war, was the leader of the movement against home rule for Ireland, which for a time threat ened civil war in Olster. At that time he was the Conservative member of parliament and threatened in case the king signed the home rule bill to aid in setting up a provisional govern ment in Ulster. He was the first to sign the covenant of resistance to ho'me rule and led In the formation of the Ulster volunteers. SHIP IS A PIRATE *- 6 (Continued from page one.) that he put in for repairs. Some d6ubt exists as to the real identity of the vessel and officials have asked the American consul at Callao for a complete description. 3. Two yachts, the Alameda and the Ventura, have been lying at Key West, Fila., for several weeks. Louis Vail Horn, of New York City, who owned them originally, is understood to have sold the- Alameda to a Gen. Pasquero. The Ventura was recently stolen, -it is claimed, from Key West Iy "Mexican pirates" 'and recovered by an American coast patrol. . 4. An American sailing vessel c.ll ed the Two Sisters went aground on an island off the Louisiana doast re cently, claiming to have come from Mexico for repairs. Her status is un der investigation. 5. The American ship Zealandia left Pensacola, Fla., suddenly at night for -Timpoca, Mexico, with a large stock of provisions on board. and with a number of Germans in her crew. An American flag painted on the side of the vessel originally, had been pointed out. It is claimed the craft flew the German flag at seat, but this has been ~denied by the owners. -'6. An American yacht, Ethel, dis appeared from Jacksonville, Fla., within the last tew weeks, and has not been found. Officials have two theories as to the meaning of this series of happen ings. One is that wea.thy Mexicans in the United States are gnancing filibustering efpeditions, which have some connection with the raids In the vicinity of Brownsville, Texas, and the other is small boats putting out from the United States are be. ing met at sea and are armed -with guns of medium calibre for raiding purposes. The latter theory origirzmied when a British tank steamer arriving in a South American port reported that on her way from Tuxpam, Mexico. she had been fired upon at sea by a small boat. The belief exists in some kuiarters in .Washington that a base of operations has been establish ed oir an- Island near the coast of Haiti where guns have been acquired. Great Britain and France havc maintained a patrol of, cruisers in the Caribbean, and the ser.s are be ing scoured for suspicious craft. NO ARMS TO MEXICO Carranza Alone is Allowed Munitions From This. Country. President Wilson Wednesday de clared an embargo on the shipment and arms and ammunition to Mexico. President Wilson signed -a supple mentary order, however, which ex cepts Gen. Carranza's government from the embargo and permits muni tions to go through to him unham pered. 'The prohibitioni applies to the factions opposed to the government which the United States has recog nized. The president's proclamation iE based upon the authority conferred by congress in 1912 and follows closely the terms of President Taft's proclamation issued when the revolu tion was on against Madero. I I I ATTACK IN FORCE Germans Have Advanced Four Miles Towards Morava Valley. Paris, Friday: The Germans are at tacking in great force near Passaro witza, which commands the Morava valley, according to a Nish dispatch to The Matin. The- Serbs are resist ing stoutly and it is asserted that the invaders have not advanced more than four miles south of the river at any point on the Danube front. The Bulgarians l'ave been held In the Timok valley where a new action is in progress along the entire front. Robbed ILanes Post Office. Lanes. October 1'3.-A masked white man at eight-thirty last night entered the post office and forced the postmaster, E. G. Parker. at the point of a pistol, to open tile safe and hand over a bag of money cont aining about' thirty-five dollars in cash. The rob ber departed immediately, but no ef forts were made to follow him. The pstmaster telegr~aphed the informa tion to a post office inspector. Heavy Los.<es, Bulgaria. Paris, Wednesday: Heavy losses for the Bulgarians- in the fighting which preceded the capture by the allies of Strumitsa is reported in a dispatch from Saloniki to Milan. as forwarded to the Havas News Agency. It is asserted that entire battalions of Bulgarians were annihilated by the Franco-Serbian forces. U. S. Still Neutral. President Wilson has signed a proclamation giving notice of the neu trality of the United States in the war etwen Serbia and Bulgaria.. HYDE IS NOMINEE SOLDIERS GUARDED CIARLES TON'S EXECUTIVE COMITTEE GRACE CAME WITH ON. Contested Box Thrown Out--Hyde's Majority 128-Grace Members Leave Meeting-Soldiers Searehed Every Person Entering Hall and Removed Weapons. Major Tristam T. Hyde is the nominee of the Democrats of Char leston for mayor. He was so declar ed by the city Democratic executive committee about seven o'clock Satur day afternoon after a session which had lasted continuously from eleven forty-five o'clock in the forenoon. The box for Club 2, of Ward 10, was thrown out. A request for a re count of the votes was voted down, the majority faction having already quit the room when this action was taken, leaving in a body when the Ward 10, Club 2, box was thrown out. Had the Ward 10, Club 2, box not been thrown out, Major Hyde's majority would have stood at thirty eight votes on the.basis of the action' taken by the committee on the chal lenged votes. On the basis of the re turns as declared by the committee, the vote stood: Grace, 2.981; Hyde, 3,109. The general election, in which city registrition certificates are required,' will be held Tuesday, December 14. Strict military guard was maintain ed around all sides of the German Artillery Hall, where the meeting-was held. No persons were permitted to enter Wentworth street without cre dentials by the vigilant militiamen on guard, and every person entering the hall was carefully searched be fore being allowed to enter the com mittee room. Col. E. M. Blythe, eom manding the Second Regiment of South Carolina National Guard, was in command of the local military and naval &ilitia organizations, which were entrusted with the duty of pre venting disorder around the building. Mayor Grace was relieved of a Me volver before he was permitted to enter the committee room, although he at first objected to the action of the military authorities. He was searched, after he placed his weapon on a table. Chief of Police James I. Cantwell was also searched and dis armed before he was termitted to enter the committee room. . Late in the afternoon, when Sheriff J. El more Martin had occasion to visit the hall, he also was searched and re lieved of his weapons. - The weapons were returned to the officers.-when they left the building. When the. executive .committeorA,. - sired that the protest against count ing the votes in the box of Club 2, Ward 10, 4hould be sustained, the ten men who voted against sustain ing the c6ntest, led by Mr. John L. C6sgrove, left the committee room in a body, after Mr. Cosgrove had made a statement to the effect that it a# peared to him that thd committee was determined to settle every ques tion by a partisan vote, and conse quently there was nothing for the membersof the minority faction, to. gain by remaining at the meeting. This occurred at three-forty o'clock - in the afternoon, the committee then having been in active session for about three hours... Mayor Grace appeared in person to contest the elimination of the~ ballots 2 in the protested box of Ward 10 from the count for the primary, and Mr. W. Turner Logan was present as rt torney for the mayor. Mr. M. Rut ledge. Rivers presented the protest against the counting of the votes, filed by Major Hyde, and a second protest, on' practically the same grounds as the Hyde protest, was pre-. sented by Mr. J. P. Kennedy Bryan as attorney - for Mr. W. W. Clement, candidate for aldermanic nomination in the primary. These protests, it was stated, were filed with the executive committee Thursday.. -Tbe protest against allowing the box from Club 2, Ward 10, to be counted, was read by Mr. Rivers, and was based on two alleged irregulari ties in the conduct of the primarysin Club 2, Ward 10, the failure of t'.e clerk and managers to keep a poll list' until eighty-nine citizens had voted, and the closinP; the polls for an hour to an hour and a half, dur ing .which the managers,-by co'nsenit, miade out a poll list from certain slips of paper, and a book, both fur nished by a watcher or challenger tor Mr. Grace. Mr. Rivers declared that neither one faction or the other was. held entirely responsible, but that all the managers, the Hyde and Grace representatives, equally, had tailed to conduct the primary accord in& to the statutes of the state.'and the rules of the party, in not keeping the poll list, the closing of the polls, and the manner in which the list had later been drepared. Mr. Rivers said that he was there to ask that the laws of the state and the rules of the party be carried out. According to the protest, as read by Mr. Rivers, the action of the managers in closing the polls, prevented a full and free expression of the voters of Ward 10, because they weren't given the entire twelve hours provided by law. He spoke of the -sacredness of the bal lot, and said that the history of elec tions had led the wise men of preced ing generations and the present gen erations to throw what safeguards they could, by law, around the purity of the ballot, and that to decline to throw out the box from Ward -10 .would set a precedent that would nul lify, in a large measure, the action iof the lawmakers. He explained how Ithe poll list is a check upon the en rollment book, and is the only off i cial record of who has voted in a pri mary. DRIVE OFF GERMAN SHIPS British Submarines Have Cleared up the Baltic Area. Except for a few German steamers which have escaped the submarines in the Baltic, the German flag, it is de clared in London, has now been driven from the sea, even fishing fleets in the North sea having been forced to retire to the harbor as a re sult of the activity of British cruisers, which recently captured a large num ber of them in retaliation for the sinking of British trawlers by Ger man submarines. I1 I - Allies Continue to Land. British and French troops continue to disembark at Saloniki. The num ber of these troops is so large that it is impossible to forward them all promptly by rail to Serbia. Some of the troops are making forced marches across Greek territory in the direc tion of Serbia. France at W~ar With Bulgaria. The council of ministers at Paris presided over by President Poincare, announced at noon Saturday that a state of war existed between France eannBlira from six~ a. m. October