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American. fl VOL. I. NO. 8. LOUISVILLE: SATURDAY, AUGUST 27, 1898. PRICE FIVE CENTS. Kentucky Irish POPE LEO XIII. The Grand Old Han of the Vatican Reported to Be Dying. Most Progesslve Pope of Modern Times. Democratlo in Sentiment and a Friend of Labor. Wonderful Work of His Life Who His Successor Is Likely to Be and How Chosen. SLIGHT OF BODY STRONG OF MIND The sudden decline of Pope Leo XIII. has cast a gloom around the world. That he has been the most progressive Pope for centuries is generally owned, says a writer in the New York Journal. His' power as a governing intellect and as a HIS HOLINESS diplomat has extended outside of all religious circles. His physical collapse coming so soou after England's loss of Gladstone and Germany's bereavement at Bismarck's death is' a singular coinci dence. It brings before the gaze of the world a wonderful career. Tito Morning of His Life. Pope Leo XIII. came of a noble Italian family. His baptismal name was Vin cenzo Gioachimo Pecci, and in his veins flows the blood of the ancient Rienzi. ' With his high birth 'and brilliant intel lect all avenues were open to him. Polit-1 ical preferment was for the asking. But his mother had a presentiment of his holy calling. While in their native city of Carpento little Vincenzo and his brother Joseph were taken by their devout mother to the Jesuit college at Viterbo. Joseph was large and strong, but the delicate, sweet faced Vincenzo, or "Neno," as he was called at home, was called "L'Angio letto" (Little Angel) by the master. His companions nicknamed him Mater Prelates (Mother of Piety) from his fan cied resemblance to one of the pictures of the Virgin. But that sweet, boyish face soon matured into the strong, soulful and magnetic countenance that fascinated all men and drew them irresistibly to him. He hesitated for a time about becom ing a priest. It seemed like the renounc ing of all his ambition. His spiritual nature prevailed and he received holy orders. It was not long before he saw that even in the cloister the influence of a strong mind was far reaching. He was needed in the political religious work of the church, His mission as Nuncio to the Belgian capital revealed to him and his superiors his great diplo. matic power. It was then that the new ambition came to hinj to become Pope. His mother's dream at the time of his birth that this great office was in store for him inspired him still further in his efforts. Promotion quickly followed his splen did work for the church, and he was made Bishp of Perugia in 1840. This was but another step toward his goal. He gath ered into his hands still other lines. In brilliant service to his church he was carving out still higher steps for himself toward fame. In seven years came hisappointment'as Cardinal in the Consistory. That was the vantage ground from which during a quar ter of a century he marshalled all his in fluence which lie was able to bring to bear ao successfully in the Sacred College in 78, when it met to elect a successor to " Why have you taken the name of Leo?" asked n Cardiual the day after the j Papal election. " Because Leo XII. was a benefactor of i my family," answered the Pontiff, " and also because Leo signifies lion and the virtue which seems to me the most nec essary of all is the force of the. lion." His tolerance and fearlessness in ex pressing his opinion is shown by the in cident. When a prelate brought him the news of Renan's death he remained thoughtful a moment and then asked : " How did he die?" "Impenitent," said the pre late. The my family." answered the Pontiff, "and then added quietly : "That is better." The astonished prelate asked how that could be. "Because," said the Pope, "Renan has proved that his doubt was sincere, and therefore he will be judged by his sincer ity. which if it is thorough may absolve him." He once saw a newspaper article de scribing his daily life. It said that he always dined alone. "Yes, it is true, I always dine alone," he remarked, "and yet I am always the Thirteenth at the table." No Pope since mediaeval times has wielded the influence of Leo XIII. In twenty years he has rebuilt the Cath olic church, putting it in touch with all modern progress. POPE LEO XIII. He has shown the same progressiveness in purely material things. The ancient Vatican at his magic touch has emerged from a crumbling mediaeval castle to a modern palace. Its eleven thousand rooms Hash with electric lights. Telephones connect all its offices and halls of state. Under Leo's vivifying touch everything has sprung into pulsing life. The Pope's Dally Life. Up to within a few weeks the- Pope continued his marvelous activity. The Pope's day began with monastic regularity at 7 o'clock, summer and winter. Dressed in his woolen cassock and silk gown, the Pope recited the prayers before an altar in his bedroom, and then passed into an anterocm arranged as an oratory. He put on the necessary vestments and celebrated mass. The service lasts three quarters of an hour. After this he again retired to his room, where Centra, his servant, brought him a simple breakfast of coffee and a roll, which constituted his entire meal. It was immediately after-breakfast that the Pope gave audience to accredited offi cials and visitors in his library. But to stand before the ascetic Pontiff those who sought audience must pass through a great hall of state. The famous Swiss Guards, in gaudy uniform, stand about the vestibule, while the crimson-uniformed bussolante and purple-robed chamberlains pass across the hall in stately dignity. Amid halls hung with.rich tapestries and emblazoned with gold and gems, those who are to have audience are led into the Pope's library. After this function was over the Pope wrote all the forenoon, seated at a cano pied desk. He worked methodically, hour after hour, making notes on his cor respondence for his secretaries to answer; but his principal task was penning notes for his encyclicals. He revised these each day till a complete encyclical was fin ished. It was always written in Latin. It was here that Cardinal Rampolla visited the Pontiff each morning, bring ing the religious and political news of the day. Every subject was discussed and plans laid for action where that was necessary. At noon the Pope gave an audience to distinguished visitors and crowned heads. This time he occupied his throne sur rounded by his Cardinals. The EveMlHK of His Life. The shadows began to, fall about him? Ashe advanced through the years of. bis pontificate t had at first seemed that be wu an embodied intellect and soul that he could not perish. Frail and slender is was his body, he still was able u lower like a giant before the great men who came into his presence. Those who have gained audience with him in the last year or two have noticed his decline, supported by his attendants or seated upon his exalted chair, his in tellect shone as brightly as ever, but in his trembling hand was an inevitable sign of decline. He no longer took his usual exercise in the gardens of the Vatican. His only recreation was narrowed down to a daily trip to the Citta Leonina tower within the Vatican walls. On even this short route he was driven in a low carriage. Alighting and supported on the arm of an attendant, it became his custom to daily inspect a vine that he himself had planted in the garden at the foot of his favorite tower. For many seasons he has gathered the fruit of the vine, and last year, to his great pleasure, it yielded quite a quantity of wine. Next to his vine he loved his roses. But it was to the mental and spiritual that he has turned in the last days, cling ing tenaciously to his routihe work. In a room in the Citta Leonina tower, which none but he ever entered, he worked at his writing most of the remainder of the day. At length the paralysis came on which is a hereditary trait in his family. It sapped his strcngh till he became a phy sical wreck. Resigned to his fate, he designed his own tomb and ordered its erection in his favorite church, St. John Latcran. How Leo X Ill's Successor Will Bo Elected. Tlie election of a Pope is the most im pressive ceremony in the world. It is performed by the Cardinals that form the Sacred college. They come together from all parts of the earth. In the most elaborate state they are assigned to suites in the Vat ican. In an adjoining audience hall the solemn conclave is held. Cardinal Rampolla is believed to stand the best chance of becoming the next Pope, because of his prominent position as Papal Secretary of State, which he has held for ten years. His election, however, is not at all cer tain. Within church circles two other very strong candidates are recognized. These are Cardinal Parocchi, Vicar Gen eral of Rome, and Cardiual Vannutelli. Cardinal Parocchi is from the north of Italy. He is notedly a lover of France, and on this account he has the support of the French and Russian Governments, and likewise that of Spain. Cardiual Vannutelli, who is a natiya face, of Rome TriiTy, wlln me TliDie p. therefore the favor of these Powers, and it is known also that Bnglaiid, Belgium and a number of minor countries of Europe would prefer his election. Now it is a traditional fact iu Papal elections that where two candidates are conspicuous an outsider or dark horse is usually the winner. The reason is that a rule exists ordaining that no one can be Pope unless he has the voices of at least two-thirds plus one of those who vote. It is common for a minority, as long as it feels secure of a vote of one-third, to block the election, in the hope of compelling the majority to make a compromise. The compromise then works in favor of the outsider. The Sacred College of electors at its full complement numbers fifty members. At present it has slightly over fifty. If an election were to take place tomorrow a compact body of eighteen Cardinals could stop any candidature, and the Ital ian Cardinals, even aided by the Span iards, could not elect any one without gathering some other votes. The great Catholic powers, such as France, Austria and Spain, can enter a formal veto against any man objectionable to them. This has occurred several times, but on recent occasions it has been customary for the veto to enable the excluded candidate to nominate a substitute, and the veto can not then be repeated. Of possible dark horses among the Ital ian Cardinals there are two, Cardinal Fer ralta, former Aununcio to Paris, and Car diual Gotti. The latter is'thc most prob able man of them all. Gotti is a Carmelite monk. He is thus inured to the self-abnegation of a cloi ster. At the same time he is deeply versed in the political and diplomatic knowledge with which a Pope must be endowed. Cardinals, even of the Curia in Rome, have begun to speak of Cardinal Gibbons as the personage who should be selected. He was educated in Rome and speaks Italian and French flueutly. He is imbued with the liberal progres sive ideas that make the strength of the great American Republic, and that would regenerate the church in Italy. If both men are alive at the time of the coming conclave it is almost certain that Car dinal Serafina Vannutelli will cast his vote for the eminent Archbishop of Baltimore.- Change for the Better. Since the foregoing wa put n type the cable dispatches announce a decided improvement in the condition of His Holiness, which news is hailed with joy by the entire Christian world. Since the beginning of his present illness he has had thateympathy not only'of Catholics but of all creeds and nations. Last Sunday was the Pope's Name Day, and it was celebrated with much eclat. His Holiness received congratulations en masse instead of singly, in order to avoid fatigue. He looked more feeble and more emaciated than ever. His voice was clear, but gave evidence that it was failing. The.Kiugof Spain, sent an affectionate telegram, praying the Pope to bestow the apostolic benediction on his suffering country. ROBERT EMMET His Memory Yet Revered by Irishmen AH Over the World. The Powerful Address From the Dock Preceding His Untimely and Heartless Execution. L i He Relinquished Social Position, For tune and Bright jprospects For Love of Country. HIS APPEAL TO THE MMACULATEGOD This year the Irish people and people of Irish descent all Over the world are celebrating the struggle of Irishmen in 1708 for the liberty of their native land. Irishmen have longed for liberty for centuries. They have unfortunately not succeeded iu liberating their country, but sons and daughters of Ireland have si light liberty in various countries and clinics. Wherever they went they became good citizens and when calleVl upon never failed to answer the call to arms in behalf of their adopted countiyJ Iu no country on earth has this been so exemplified as inj the United States. The history of the United States teems with the names of Irishmen and Irish Americans who have poured out their rich, red blood in defense of America and her free institutions. Nt a battlefield in this broad land that h is not been the re cipient of Irish blood Kentucky has furl ished her quota of Irish and Irish-Americans in this present war. They have borne all manner of privations, and if they murmured it was good humoredly. Take their letters to their folks in the Old Kentucky home. Thev told their troubles, but told them in such a way that made: the folks at home say: " God bless thejioy. He shows his Irish spirit." S Every Irish fatherf tucky who has a boy ! r mother in Ken- the army rejoices shows that he is to find that their bo; made of the same s? (T, the same flesh, the same blood, as rsfield, Wolf Tone or Robert Emmet. ?, rronos of Emnie nd his connection is of J798, it may not be considered latfc riSWS to reproduce his speech, delivered before his English Judges, almost within the shadow of the scaffold. Every Irishman in America knows the history of that brave young patriot has taught his children to revere the name of Robert Emmet. It is not necessary to print a lengthy account if his career at the present time. Robert Emmet was born on March 4, 1778. He was the third son of Doctor Robert Emmet, a well-known physician of Dublin. About the time that the United Irishmen were forming themselves into a secret revolutionary scciety young Robert Emmet was sent to Trinity Col lege. He soon took the lead among his fellow students on account" of his pro nounced democratic views. He became the leader in the debates on political questions and was expelled from college on account of his extreme political views. The expulsion from college occurred in February, 1798. After that Emmet became the acknowl edged leader of the Irish revolutionary party. His youth cut no figure. It is needless to detail here his struggles for the liberty of his country during the five succeeding year, his capture after the failure of the uprising on July, 23, 1803. He might have gotten, away had he not lingered to bid good-bye to the girl of his heart, Sarah Curran, who has been im mortalized by Washington Irving in his Sketch Book. He was arrested on Au gust 25. He was put on trial on Septem 19, charged with high treason. He en tered no defense. The jury, without leaving the box, returned a verdict of guilty. The Judges then in due form asked Emmet if he had aught to say why sen tence of death should not be pronounced against him. It was then that Emmet, though little more than twenty-five yearns old, delivered his speech, which at once became famous for its patriotic sentiment and beauty of diction: The speech was as follows: "My Lords I am asked what I have to say why sentence of death should net be pronounced on me, according to law. I have nothing to say that can alter your predetermination, nor that it will become me to say, with any view to the mitiga tion of that sentence which you are to pronounce and I must abide by. But I have that to say which interests me more than life, and which you have labored to destroy. I have much to say why my reputation should be rescued from the load of false accusation and calumny which has been cast upon it. I do not imagine that, seated where you are, your mind can be so free from prejudice as to receive the least impression from what I am going to utter. I have no hopes that I can anchor my character in the breast of a court constituted and trammeled as this is. I only wish, and that is the ut- most -man expect, mat your lorasmps may suffer it to float down your memor ies untainted by the foul breath of preju dice, until it finda some more hospitable harbor, to shelter it from, the storms by which it is buffeted.' Wat I only to suf fer death after btinjUkdindged guilty by your tribunal, I should bow in silence and meet the fate that awaits me without a murmur; but the sentence of the law which delivers my body to the execu tioner will, through the ministry of the law, labor in its own vindication, to con sign my character to obloquy; for there must be guilt somewhere, whether in the sentence of the court or in the catastro- phc, tune must determine. A man in my situation has not only to encounter the difficulties of fortune and the force of power over minds which it has corrupted or subjugated, but the difficulties of es tablished prejudice. The man dies, but his memory lives. That mine may not perish, that it may live in the respect of my countrymen, I seize upon this oppor tunity to vindicate myself from some of the charges alleged against me. When my spirit shall be wafted to a more friendly port when my shade shall have joined the bauds of those martyred heroes who have shed their blood on the scaffold and in the field in the defense of their country, and of virtue, this my hope I wish that my memory and name may animate those who survive me, while I look down with complaceny on the de struction of that perfidious government which upholds its domination by blas phemy of the Most High which displays its power over man as over the beasts of the forest which sets man upon his bro ther and lifts his hand in the name of God against the throat of his fellow who believes or doubts a little more or a little less than the government standard a government which is steeled to bar barity by the cries of the orphans and the tears of the widows it has made." Here Lord Norbury interrupted Em met, saying: "That the mean and wicked enthusiasts who felt as he did were not ejual to the accomplishment of their wild designs." "I appeal to the immaculate God I swear by the throne of heaven, before which I must shortly appear by the Mood of the murdered patriots who have gone before me that my conduct has been, through all this peril and through all my purposes, governed only by the conviction which I have uttered, and by no other view than that of the emancipa tion of my country from the superinhu niaii oppression under which she has so long and too patiently travailed; and I confidently hope that, wild and chimeri cal as it may appear, there is still union and strength iu Ireland to accomplish this noblest of enterprises. Of this I speak with the confidence of intimate knowledge, and with the consolation that appertains to that confidence. Think not, my lords, I say this for the petty gratification of giving you a transitory uneasiness. A man who never yet raised his voiro to assert a lie will not hazard Tu'ibCHSfacter rtm'posTerttyt)iwsenirrg a falsehood on a subject so important to his country and on an occasion like this. Yes, my lords, a man who does not wish to have his epitaph written until his country is liberated will not leave a weapon in the power of an enemy or a pretence to impeach the probity which he means to preserve even in the grave to which tyranny consigns him." Here he was again interrupted by the court. "Again I say that what I have spoken was not intenaeu lor your lorasnip, whose situation is commisserate rather than envy my expressions were for my countrymen. If there is a true Irish man present, let my last words cheer him in the hour of his affliction. " Here he was again interrupted. Lord Norbury said he did not sit there to hear treason. "I have always understood it to be the duty of a judge, when a prisoner has been convicted, to pronounce the sentence of the law. I have also understood that judges sometimes think it their duty to hear with patience and to speak with hu manity; to exhort the victim of the laws, and to offer, with tender benignity, their opinions of the motives by which he was actuated in the crime of which he was adjudged guilty. That a judge has thought it his duty so to have done I have no doubt; but where is the boasted freedom of our institutions where is the vaunted impartiality, clemency and mild ness of our courts of justice, if an unfor tunate prisoner, whom your policy, and not justice, is about to deliver into the hands of the executioner, is not suffered to explain his motives sincerely and truly, and to vindicate the principles by which he was actuated? My lords, it may be a part of the system of angfy justice to bow a man's mind by humiliation to the pur posed ignominy of the scaffold; but worse to me than the purposed shame of the scaffold's terrors would be the shame of such foul and unfounded imputations as have been laid against me in this court You, my lord, are a judge; I am the sup nosed culprit. I am a man: you are a man also. By a revolution of power we might change places, though we never could chance characters. If I stand at the bar of this court and dare not vindi cate my character, what a farce is your justice! If I stand at this bar and dare not vindicate my character, how dare you calumniate it? Does the sentence of death, which your unhallowed policy in flicts on my body, condemn my tongue to silence and my reputation to reproach? Your executioner may abridge the period of my existence; but while I exist I shall not forbear to vindicate my character and motives from your aspersions; and as a man to whom fame is dearer than life, will make the last use of that life in doing justice to that reputation which is to live atter me, ana wmcu is me oniy legacy I can leave to those I honor and love, and for whom I am proud to perish, As men, my lords, we must appear on the great day at, one common tribunal; and it will then remain for .the Searcher of all hearts to show a collective universe who was engaged in the most virtuous actions lor swayed by the rpurst motives my country's oppressors or" Here he was interrupted and told to listen to the sen tence of the law. "My lords, will a dying man be denied the legal privilege of exculpating himself in the eyes of the community from an un deserved reproach, thrown upon him dur ing his trial by charging him with ambi- Hon, and attempting to cast away for a paltry consideration the liberties of his country? Why did your lordships insult me? Or, rather, why insult justice in demanding of me why sentence of death should not be pronounced against me? I know, my lords, that form prescribes that you should ask the question. The form also presents the right of answering. Tiiis.no doubt, may be dispensed with, and so might the whole ceremony of the trial since sentence was already pronounced at the Castle before the jury was empanelled. Your loidships are but the priests of the oracle, and I insist on the whole of the forms." " Here Emmet paused, and the court desired him to proceed. "I nm charged with being an emissary of France. An emissary of France! and for what end? It is alleged that I wished to sell the independence of my country; and for what end? Was this the object of my ambition? And is this the mode by which n tribunal of justice reconciles contradiction? No, I am no emissary; and my ambition was' to hold a place THE LATE THOMAS P. CLINES. among the deliverers of my country, no in power nor in profit, but in tne giory oi the achievement. Sell my country's in dependence to France! and for what? Was it a change of masters? No, but for my ambition. Oh, my couutry, was it personal ambition that could influence me? Had it been the soul of my actions, could I not, by my education ana lor- tune, by the rank and consideration of my family, have placea myseii amongst the proudst of your oppressors. My country was my idol. To it I sacrificed every selfish, every endearing sentiment; and for it I now offer up myself, O God! No, my lords, I acted as an Irishman, determined on delivering my country from the yoke of a foreign and unrelent ing tyranny, and the more galling yoke of a domestic faction, which is its joint partner and perpetrator in the patricide, from the ignominy existing with an ex terior of splendor and a conscious de pravity. It was the wish of my heart to extricate my country from this doubly riveted despotism I wished to place her independence beyond the reach of any nnwpr on earth. I wished to exalt lier to that proud station in the world. Con' nection with France was, mdeea, in tended, but only as far as mutual interest would sanction or reauire. Were the French to assume any authority incon sistent with the purest independence it would be signal for their destruction. We sought their aid and we sought it as we had assurance we should obtain it as auxiliaries in war, allies in peace. Were the French to come as invaders or enemies uninvited by the wishes of the people, should oppose them to the utmost of my strength. Yes, my countrymen, I should advise you to meet them upon the beach with a sword iu one hand and n torch in the other. I would meet them with all the destructive fury of war. I would animate my countrymen to immolate them in their boats before they had contaminated the soil of my country. If they succeed ed in landing, and if" forced to retire be fore superior discipline, I would dispute every inch of ground, burn every blade of crass, and the last entrenchment ot liber ty should be my grave. What I could not do myself, if I should fall, I should leave as a last charge to my c'ountrymeli to accomplish: because I should feel con scious that life, any more than death, is unprofitable when a foreign nation holds my country in subjection. But it was not as an enemy that the succors of France were to land. Hooked, indeed, for the assistance of France; but I wished to prove to France and to the world that Irishmen deserved to be assisted that COHriNimo OH KMTftTK PAGK THOS. P. CLINES Was One of the Devoted and True Friends of Old Ireland. Also of the Pioneer Members of Ancient Order of Hibernians in Jefferson County. the For Years He Was President of the Irish Land League and Also a Strong Trades Unionist. HIS LIFE DEVOTED TO GOOD DEEDS Two weeks ago Thomas P. Clines was called before his Maker. He died as he lived at peace with God and man. Mr. Clines was one of the best-known Irish men in Louisville, and a host of friends joined his sorrdwing family in conveying his mortal remains to their last resting place at St. Louis cemetery. Mr. Clines had been ill for some time, but his ailment was not considered dan gerous. When too late it was discovered that he was suffering from a very serious kidney trouble. He realized that death was upon him and died at peace with all the world. Mr. Clines. notwithstanding Ins numer ous gifts to charity, owned a home at Preston and Gray streets, where he re-, sided with his family until the time of his death. Thomas P. Clines was born in London,1 England, about forty-nine years ago. His father was a native of the CountVTY.o, Ireland. His motner was oorn . County Clare. Mr. Clines' parents liyedj several vears ill London. His fathei snoke the Irish or Celtic language. H spoke very little English. In 1850 the Clines einigratea to me United States and settled in New York City. Mr. Clines attended the schools A nlitninpd a fair education After leaving school he learned the trade of machinist and became an expert work man. Having completed his time as a ma chinist apprentice, Mr. Cline9 came West in 1804. He first settled in New Albany He soon learned that he could do better in Louisville, and after spending a few, months across the river lie came to this city and made it his home. Mr, Clines found employment with the L. & N, R. R. Co. and worked in the shops for sev eral years. Later he gave up that posi tion and worked for a number of firms on jobs that required an expert mechanic, He was recognized as one of the finest workmen in the city. Two years ago Mr. Clines was made Assistant Engineer at the Louisyille Cus tom House. That position he held until the time of his death. He was highly thought of by Postmas ter Baker, who secured his appointment, and between whom there existed a warm friendship. Mr. Clines was a man a little below the medium height. He was an engaging conversationalist. He was a great reader. History was his specialty. He had the history of Ireland at his finger tips. Al though he happened to be born on Eng lish soil, he never forgot the land of his ancestors. During his long residence, in this city there was no Irish affair of con sequence with which he was not' nected. Besides, he was a charitable man would give his last cent to any persoa need. No Irishman ever appeal Tom Clines for aid and met a t CONTINUED ON THIRD