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THE BURLINttTON. V'JL FREE PRESS, FRIDAY, JUNE 3, 1887. TAVBLVE PAGES. T11H WMIKI.Y VltKI? 1'UKPP, 5 cents po copy, 60 cents for thrco months, $1.00 for six months. J2.00 u ycur, postage free. Advertisements imil subscriptions received nttlio otllco 1K CoUcro Street, l'nll ndver tls'ng rates sent on npllentlon. Accounts cimnot be opened for subscrlp- Irmn. Subscribers will please remit with or der, names lire not eutel-ed until piiyment Is received, and all papers aro stopped nmiuuim nf the time nnld for. Kemlttnneesat the risk of the subscriber nnloss made by registered letter, or by check at costal order payable to the l'ubllsliors. The date when the subscription expires Is on tbo address-label of each paper, the change of which to a 8Ub-iiucnt date become n receipt for remittance. No other receipt sent uu iMMrnniipsted. The receipt of the paper Is a iifflcii'nt. recelnt for the 'it subscription When n chimin! of address Is desired, both the. old and new addresses should bo (riven. protective InrllT. Ho Is confident tlmt tlie penplf of the South only need a HUle ltclit on tills great political doctrlno to ITect a totnpleto change of front. In tills no doubt lie Is right. BURLINGTON. FRIDAY. JUNE 3, 1S&7 PUllMSlIKDIllV THE FREE PRESS ASSOCIATION G. G. HKNKIJICT, Kdltor. erms S3. 00 u year, always In iidvancc The Toronto Olohc estimates that live sixths of the people of the western prov nces of Canada are in favor of a comnicr- clnl union with the United States. Heavy rains have nt Inst put out th forest ilres in -Michigan, hut multitudes of people have been lett homeless. A re lief fund of I 40,000 has been raised for the! benelit. At the lowest estimate, 'JO0 lives were lost in the Paris holocaust. Yet peopl will continue to risk themselves In such death traps as the Opera Comique o Paris, Next to a squall the most dangerous thins to have about a small boat Is whiskey jug. The drowning of four me in the St. Lawrence, opposite Moutren last Sunday, was caused by one. Mrs. Grundy thinks the great trouble with modern novelists is that they don know when they have written enough That is because the foolish public doesu know when it has read enough. The New York Sun publishes statistics showing that the Knights of Labor lost 42.0T0 members from July 1, 1SS0, to April 1, lb&T. This is the result of arbitrary ac tion and senseless tyranny on the part of the leaders of the organization. The observance of Memorial Day was never so general and heart-felt as it has been this year. We are only just begin niug to realize how great was the sncrlllce of our soldier heroes and how lnestimab the treasure they bought us with the! blood. The growth of yachtiDg in this country is shown by the fact that the .America Yacht LUt which Is the register of the various yacht clubs in the United States and Canada just published gives the names of scren hundred more yacht than were given In the list for 1SS0. Miss Anita Cody, daughter of "BufTnlo Bill." who Is described as a "beautltul brunette of twenty-two summers," has ailed for England, her father hnvlngsent for her, with an assurance that she will bo received at court. It seems, somehow, to he the Impression that Minister Phelps may not altogether enjoy presenting Miss Buffalo Bill, at a royal reception. President Cleveland It seems would not fish on Sunday, though lie had had bud luck on Saturday, and Sunday was a "splendid day," according to his guide With the eyes of Mrs. Cleveland, to say nothing of those of (10,000,000 people llxed on his movements, it is perhaps not sur prising that he weighed the pros and cons of Sunday fishing, this time, and decided not to 11 si i . Senator Stewart of Nevada thinks that Instead of cutting off the railroad passes ofsenatois and representatives, each of them ought to bo provided with a pass and compelled to travel at least 5000 miles a year, in older to learn something about the country for which they legislate There is something In this. The cosmo politan is not generally a man of narrow views. Mr. Maehen protests in the ?oeh against the custom of printing bills of fare In French. The practice isotten embarnss- ing to the honest American, who is by no means sure of his French pronunciation and it is true that anything that is good enough to eat In this country Is good enough to have an American name. But the man who would abolish French titles for dishes, will have to begin by abolish lug French cooks. There seems to be something wrong with the upper story of Rev. Hugh O. Pente. cost of Newark, N. J. Ho endorses th wild land theories of Henry George an Dr .McGlyuu, and does not approve of the prosecution of the blasphemer, Rey nolds. When church leaders stand on platform, the two planks ot which are blasphemy and ngrarianism, it almost makes us wisn for a protestant pope to call him to account. The Troy Times Is calling attention to the shameful neglect of the laws intend ed, to protect deer in tho Atllrondacks. .ast winter, the 'J lines says, the choppers along Independence river "crusted" all the season, destroying about ir0 deer. Yet the game constable of that region re ported no violations of the law, although the work of slaughter was notorious. Peo- le on this side the lake are Interested In having the New York game laws pioper- ly Inforcud In the Adirondack region, and we wish more "power to the elbow" of the Times In its effort to secure obedience o the laws. The new French cabinet is composed o "moderate republicans" and is said to be the result of "a reaction against radical isic.mllitarism and socialism." Gen. Boul anger, who has been spending so much money on the French army that France is likely to have no money left to carry on war with if she should desire to fight, is not a member of it a circumstance which is on the whole considered favorable to tho peace ot Europe. Ben : Perley Poore will be widely mourn ed, particularly in the newspaper world, where he shono as one of the best of Wash ington correspondents. He had a better fund of information of men and things at the national capital than any other writer of his dav. Pressure is already brought to bear on President Cleveland to induce him t modify his order consolidating revenue districts and so reducing democratic pat ronage. We hope that Mr. Cleveland will have back bone enough to stnnd by h' original order. It is stated that there will be very lit tie, if any, saving in the amount of sal aries paid under the recent consolidation of internal revenue districts in New Eng land. In view of this circumstance the friends of the deposed officials profess to The New York World defends devotion to sports on Memorial Day on the ground that "the dead soldiers themselves, could the speak, would be the last to wish th occasion to be altogether a mournful one. Perhaps not ; but there is nothing mourn ful about the proper way of observing the day. The very Howers are symbols hope. Athletic sports, with their excite ment, gambling, hard feeling and tempts to cut the umpire's heart out are not in keeping with the occasion. The time prophesied in holy writ, when seven women shall shall take hold of one man, saying "let us be called by thy name," seems to have pretty nearly come. In Plalnlleld, N. J., one day last week seven women, accompanied by eleven children, attended the funeral of John Bute Holmes. Each asserted that she was his widow, and that ho was father of her children. The present Mrs. Holmes was the old man's housekeeper, and is in possession of his farm ; but tin- other women will make a legal light for their share of it. When Mr. Cleveland went to Washing ton to assume the presidency he paid his tare and rode in a common car, and great were the plaudits which greeted this ex hibition of .Teirersoniau simplicity. Two years later we lind him signing a bill which prohibits the giving of pas-es by the railroads, and shortly afterward ac cepting a private car anil special train for two days' travel across several States, on a pleasure expedition. Is this Jefferson ian simplicity or JelTersonlnn duplicity ? In tho Inter-State commerce bill the gov ernment has forbidden railroad officials to grant special favors to individuals. Is It then consistent for the head of the gov ernment to accept special favors from rail road officials ? Canadian Sentiment. The H'orl('8 correspondent, the results ot whoso investigations on the subject of the sentiment in favor of annexation to tho United States, among the people of Canada, we have copied, In a second ar ticle reports an Interview with Sir John Mncdoimld, the premier of the Dominion government, in which that statesman ex pressed the belief that there was nothing of the annexation movement, anyway, He said : As to commercial union, any idea of hnvlnir ii ?.nlH-erein with the United States. doing away with custom houses along the frontier, and continuing them as regards imports from Great Britain, that is out of the question." "Then vnn nttnch no importance to the discussion that seems to be going on iu a Hvi.U u-iiv tnt. now ?" "Uh, the proposiiou lias uiiij numti attention since Mr. Butteiworth and Mr. Wlman have been ngltatlrg It. There has l ..... in vnifH from the tanner ponulatlon. We have recently had a general election from every constituency in the Dominion, and that question was not uiuuicu muni I h flltl VII .il " 't Mini ( not, considerable disaffection In Manitoba, going as far even iib leanltig toward annexation i" "The .Manitoba people formerly object ed to a duty on agricultural implements, as they imported them from the Unit :1 states, and the dtltv. of course, increased the cost of these implements. Rut latter ly Manitoba and the Northwest are sup plied with agricultural Implements by (iminillan nianufactuiers as cliean or cheaper than they can put chase them ti-imi the United States." "So there Is no feeling of unrest iu Mimltiibji nt this time '" "No, 1 don't consider there Is imy feeling of untest anywhere in Canada. We have trot annexationists, and there are some Americans in uanaua w no nave cnusuu their residence here and would naturally like to be under the star spangled banner auatn. Rut the great mass ot the people. I think, are quite satisfied with their pres ent relations to the mother country and desire to continue them." l AVOIilNd lilXUT'.OClTV. Our farming population, as indeed, all York will bo likely to give a fresh Im petus to the anti-saloon movement In the republican party; and should ensure a welcome for the movement from the friends of temperance everywhere. The republican party Is really the only prac tical temperance patty in this country, and the sooner the third party prohibi tionists recognize this fact, the sooner will the ciuse of temperance triumph over the rum power. of tho people's treasury and the Interests of commerce and navigation. The scheme of consolidation which Gen. Smith pro poses has evident merits. Rut wo fear that there Is no reason to expect that Con gress will give over to any new depart ment, tho control of public works, which It possesses under the constitution. The political power which accompanies these vast expenditures is too great to be light ly surrendered. Young- People's Societies, One of the most encouraging features of church and benevolent work In these days Is the active enlistment of the young people In these activities. Everybody knows what a wonderful growth the Young People's United Societies of Chris tian Endeavor have had In this country, and what an Influence for good they have exerted In the minds and hearts of tho young neople as well as In the commu nity at lurge. Our city of Buiilngto.i now In a certain sense, the headquarte of this organization, being the home of Its president, Mr. W. J. Van Patten and of four of the largest and most nctl. local societies. The organization Is rap'i' ly extending both in this country and Can ada, and it will not be long before every evangelical church In the United Statrs has n branch of the Y. P. S. C. E, This, however, Is not ttie only young people's society within the fold of the churches. The Unitarian churches all over the country have been organizing "Unity clubs" among their young people. These are something like the ouug Peo pie's societies of Christian Endeavor, ex cept that the element of personal religion is not made so prominent. The Unity clubs exist chiefly for the promotion o the intellectual and .social interests of the churches. Their tendency, however, is to bring young people Into the churches, to Interest them in church work, and thus to train them for church membership. It London letters say that the rldiug in the Wild West show has Impressed the Englishmen by Its grace and ease, as jtnpared with the shortened stirrups and well bent knees of English horsemen. Letters are printed in the Times proclaim ing the superiority of the American fesh ion over the English method of "riding with the knees in the mouth," and a movement among young Englishmen of quality has been started, to boom the Wild West style of equestrianism with the low stirrup and straight leg. The fondness of the Indians for baubles is well known ; and the Interior Depart ment, It seems, is shrewd enough to take advantage of it. A number of Indian menus ot me deposed omciais proiess to me(ials" have lust been struck oir be at a loss to understand the president's ntPthe motive. North Carolina seems to be making a good record in thematter of public educa tion. She had in 18S0, 547,308 children of the school age, and of these 303,505 at tended the public schools. In the same year she expended for tuition of white youth $330,037, and for colored youth $101, 05'J. The State appropriates $0000 a year for teachers' institutes. Interest in the "national game" never ran so high as at present. It has become a perfect craze with a considerable por tion of the people, and if the fever keeps rising, we shall see the United States Su preme Court transformed into a base ball nine, and the winning candidate li. the next presidential struggle will be a cham pion pitcher. the medal is a bust of President Cleve land, nud on the reverse is a scene repre senting a settler and an Indian fraterniz ing. These medals are to reward the good Indians who try to persuade their fellows who are still in the "hunting state" to relinquish their savage customs for those of civilization and peace. It is said that the report of the board of visitors touching the charges against theAndover professors has been prepared, but that It will not be divulged until after the end of the seminary year. There seems to be a general expectation that it will be adverse to the professors. The latest project of the admirers of Walt Whitman is to collect a fund to build mm a summer cottage, so that his muse may escape the heat ami dust of the warm mouths in a city. And yet no respectable person would be seen with a copy of Walt hitman's "Leaves of Gruss " in his hand. , , It Is a noticeable fact that while a uni versal penny post was beluc advocated in the British Parliament Lysander Spooner oi uosion, tne lather ot cheap postage In this country, was dying. Mr. Spooner men last Saturday m ins Current item. He must have been long time dying. eighty-first year, nn unconscionably The Sunday laws would seem to be rather badly mixed In Louisiana. There the barbers are forbidden to keep their their shops open on Sunday, but the the atres are allowad to remain in full blast. Any comparison between tho moral ten dencies of a barber's conversation and the Indecencies of tho modem Btage, must result, we should think, In favor of the former. Ex-President Andrew D. White of Cornell thinks that in the next president ial campaign the republican party ought to send its strongest and ablest men into the South, to present the advantages of The New Hampshire Legislature, which begins its session to-morrow, will elect a United States senator to fill the term for which the late Senator Pike was chosen, which expires March 4, 1SS9. The present republican majority desire to proceed to elect also a senator for tho full term of six years beginning March 4, 18S9, as there will bo no session of the Legislature again until June, 1889, or three months after the opening of the senatorial term. It is ex pected that the democrats will object to this action. Mr. George William Curtis of Harper's Weekly says that he does not anticipate a general break-up of parties next year, but just enough of a break-up to permit some man to carry the election Independent of party. Mr. Curtis evidently has some presidential "dark horse" In his mind's eye. The republicans, however, do not seem to be anxious to know who this shadowy candidate may be, for they do not see how there can bo any "break-up" of the great parties at present. Mr. Cleveland's railroad ride along the western side of our State yesterday was his first visit to Vermont. While, iu ac cordance with his understood wishes, It was not marked by any extraordinary demonstrations on the part of our people. it is needless to say that tho president was everywhere treated with the respect due to his office ; and the Vermonters, of all parties, wish him nud his charming wife. a pleasant time in the woods, and a happy celebration of their wedding anniversary, Mr. Lacomhc, w ho has been appointed United States circuit judge for the second judicial district, consisting of the States of New York, Vermont and Connecticut, is a New Yorker by birth, though of French descent. He is a comparatively young man, being forty-one years old. He Is of com fee a slmon pure democrat, be longing to the "county" wing of the de mocracy in New York, and Is said to be a capable lawyer. When the present secre tary of the navy, Mr. Whitney, was cor poration counsel of New York city, Mr. Lacomhc was his assistant, and it is un derstood that lie owes his present appoint ment to Mr. Whitney's Influence with the president. Judge Wallace of Syracuse, is the senior circuit judge. The present ap pointment Is for life and the salary is tOOOO. Tne secretary of Harvard college re cently notified the students that any de siring situations in which they could as sist themselves by their labor might ap ply to him. He was surprised at the num ber and urgency of his applications. Many of the students signified thiiir wil lingness to work on a farm ; one wanted" to run a locomotive, saying that ho had had previous experience ; several were willing to be hotel clerks or waiters; a large number wanted to be business clerks or salesmen, and a still larger number wished to teach. This shows a a healthy spirit of industry and indepen dence among the Harvard boys ; and the men who make their mark iu the world in their future careers, will, it is safe to say, be of the number of those who are thus willing to work their way to an education. Washington correspondents state that there is not entire harmony of opinion among the members of the inter-State commerce commission. There is, they say, reason to believe that Judge Cooley and Mr. Walker are pretty nearly in ac cord In the opinion that there should be some relief extended to counteract the competition of the Canadian Pacific road, both as to the trunk lines and the trans continental service. And on other points Judge Cooley and Mr. Walker appear to be more nearly agreed than other mem bers of the commission. Mr. Morrison favors a strict enforcement of the law in all its sections, and does not think that it is the province of the commission to usurp the f unctious of Congress and to relieve the law by a process of construction of those features which some of the roads consider hardships. There is reason to believe that he will not favor a general policy of suspensions or exceptions to a large number of railroads or exteusive sections of the country. No one, of course, undertakes to forecast the decisions of the commission. When they are announced they will become known and not before. The agricultural department at Wash ington has been investigating the adul terations of condiments and other articles of food. It is reported that of eleven brands of mustard examined by the department, all sold for pure mustard, not one was found which had not been adulterated. Of all the brands of pepper but one was genuine, and that was ot English origin. Twenty samples of ground cloves yielded but two pure samples. Of ten samples of ginger four were pure. Incidentally It is mentioned that a New York spice manu facturer recently ground up 5000 pounds of cocoanut husks for mixture with his goods. In other articles used for food adulterations are common, though uo se ries of snmples turned out quite so bad as the condiments. Rntter Is "extended" bv the addition of lard and cottonseed oil ; cheese with foreign animal and vege table fats ; olive oil with cotton-seed oil, and so outhrough a long list. When itls considered that thejsumples used iu these tests were selected from all over the coun try, the universality of fraud by adulter ation will bo realized. Is proposed that these Unitarian Unity Canada, is in favor of a return to the lecip- clubs shall be organized into a general so Poor Country lio.-ids. Tho New York Kvcnlnn I'ust has re. cently printed an excellent article ou Country Roads, showing that In our methods of keeping up these avenues of communication Americans are still back In colonial times. It Is Indeed a matter of surprise that, with our moid progress and .voroved methods in otherdirections, we s ouldstillndheretothew.iysof ourgrand fathers In the matter of keeping our conn try roads in repair. Anyone wiio has oc casion to travel much by horse and wagon between our New England villages, knows in what a disgraceful state our country roads are often found. This is especially the case In the early spring and after the farmers have "worked out" their road tax by converting the once passable highway into a rough, uneven ridge of hummocks and sod. The fact is that road building unu road repairing is a science, and an important science too; and it is ridiculous that work, of such practical lmportaiice,sli mid be so largely entrusted to men, who. how ever skilled and successful they may be hi their own department of industry, know little of the principles of surveying, or scientific road making, and whoe only Idea of repairing a roadway is to pile a lot of dirt in the middle of the highway, until it becomes a ridge of soli along the narrow surface of which teams have to pick their way, looking out for places to pass other teams without danger of upset ting. It Is false economy that makes so many of our rural communities content rocity treaty of 1854, which provided for a ciety. with a constitution nud officers, and to get along with poor roads so long as free Intel change of all natural products, I don't think that reciprocity in manufac tures would be looked upon with favor iu either countiy. The manufacturing population heie tear that they would be crushed out. The protective policy was only adon'ed in 1ST!), and our manufac tures which were commenced sineo the adoption of that policy are, of course, still young and would be quite Incapable, iu their present infant state, of fighting with the enormous accumulated caput1 1 em ployed in manufacturing purposes in the United States. It would taken quarter of a century before they would be strong enough to do butt e." "Is there any race question that would influence one way or the other the question of annexation t" "No. I think that the French speaking population are as desirous to continue the connection with wngiauii as tne r-ngusn people and their deeend.mts are. They have t he ireest government In the world The French population, particularly in the province of Quebec, have their own Legislature and the enjoymentof the laws which thev brought with them from France, and all the privileges secured to i hem by the treaty oi Paris, miner which France ceded her -Norm American pos sessions to England, have been sacredly respected and '.preserved. The Catholic hierarchy and clergy have a great in tluence with their flocks, and are. I be lieve. thoroughly loyal to the Rritish crown." Other intelligent Canadians held quite different views. Thus, Mr. Henry . Darling, president of the Bank of Com merce of Toronto, the second largest bank of Canada, and ex-president of the Toron to Hoard of Trade, openly advocated com mercial union with tills country. He said : The geographical contiguity of the United States to Canada cannot possibly be overlooked. The lepublic cannot be expected to chance its commercial policy to meet the wishes of such a number of neople relatively to its own as are found in Canada. It is natural and inevitable that the commercial policy of Canada should be shaped more in regard to the country from whom for 30CO miles it is separated by an imaginary border than iu relation to a country auuu nines uisiani, even if it is the parent country. Each has a common origin, and sooner or later the offspring must be left to carve out its destiny in conformity with Its interests more than in the interests ot the parent State. A Significant Meeting. The first public meeting of the anti- saloon republicans of New York city, at Cooper institute, last week, marked the beginning of a crusade against the rum power on the part of the republican party, which promises to be one of the most sig- a convention is now in session In Rostou with this end in view. It is hoped that the organization of a central society will not only lead to the systematic and hai monious working ot local clubs, but will cause many new clubs to spring up in the denomination. The Episcopal churches also have asso ciations of young people, called "Guilds," which are doing a very effective nud help ful work within that denomination. By means of these different societies young people of all denominations are made to feel that they sustain a definite and im portant relation to church activities, and that thev have a part in the great evangel izing mission of the Christian church in the world. That this is to them nn in suring and helpful thought, appears from tv,e zeal, devotion and tireless energy with which they give themselves to the work iu their appointed Held. Their natural enthusiasm is beginning, also, to react upon the older members of the churches, niul is reconstructing many oi the meth ods of church work which have become conventional and lifeless. The birth of young people's societies in the chinches, marks, wo believe, the approach of one of the brightest eras in the history of the Christian church. they can save a few cents on the grand list. Think of the waste In horse flesh, In the wear and tear of vehicles, In time and energy which this saving ot the spigot brings about. Permanent good mads, built to stay, would be far cheaper in the lout: run. It is a reproach to our New England farmers that they are not more in line with the spirit of the times in this respect. They are all the time applying improved machinery and better methods in agriculture why not Inroad building? We are glad to say that in some parts of Vermont there are signs of awakening in this matter of roads, but for the most part our rural communities still adhere to tho primitive methods. nlflcant features of the next campaign. This meeting was the llrst public expres-. orlIa colnlnK uriaer tue helul of th BlUU Ul II BCIIUUlCUl WIllUIl 1IU3 UCCU iUUlll- f . vrs .,,,,1 l,r)inrj Some of the English papers are coming out again, rather timidly and tentatively, ou the old subject or tho Confederate bonds, Two or three of them have ai vanced the suggestion that a democratic administration iu this country means a more hopeful outlook for the holders uf these bonds. Furthermore, it is said that the Loudon attorney of the bondholders has Issued a circular, stating that pro gress has been miidu toward inducing Congress to assume the debt and pay It 1 This will be news to most Americans. If we had been asked to name three men In this country who would be most likely to sympathize with the nihilists who aro trying to assassinate the czar, we should have said Herr Most, August Spies and Henry George. It seems wo should have been a trifle wide of the marl;. The three men who are on record as deiiouucing the proposed tieaty with Russia whereby any murderer even though ho be tho murderer of any member of the Imperial family who shall take refuge In the United States may be extradited aro Dr. McGlynn, Henry George and Col. Robert G. Ingersoll. These gentlemen aro of the opinion that that the assassin lu such a case should be welcomed to this country and miulo much of generally. Hospitality is a line old fashioned virtue, but it is not being too exclusive, to draw the liuo nt assassins. ly growing in the republican party, and has at la&t found Its way into action. One cannot rend the extended reports of this meeting, the speeches that were made nnd the extracts of letters sent by leading republicans all over the country without feeling that this antl-snloon movement is one of the most hopeful and important ones that has re ceived republican support since the last of the republican amendments to the consti tution wns adopted. It is evident that many influential party leaders have thoroughly determined to place the republican party, If possible, squarely on the side of tem perance, because they see that tho future growth and strength of the party will de pend upon the extent to which it allies it self with the cause of temperance. This tact was frankly recognized at tho New York meeting. In the course of a stir ring speech, ex-Judge Noah Davis said : Shall we, who have achieved so much in the thirty years of that party's life to make America what she Is now on the man of the globe, the foremost In clvillza tion and strength of all the people of the earth, shall we go back upon that glorious record, like the old whig party to which I have alluded, and cuddle in the same hole with the woodctiuck and tho rattlesnake ? Mr. Wlndom, ex-United States Senator and ex-secretary of the treasury bald There is an irrepressible conflict upon us. This nation cannot endure half drunk and half sober any more than It could uure halt slave ami malt tree. (ap phiuse.) The republican party is tho party of great moral ideas. It tlirives in the atmosphere of reform. The public conscience was the cradle of its intancy, tho support of Its vigorous and heroic youth, and it niust continue to be the In spiration of its manhood if it is destined to live a long life of usefulness. Among tho letters read were expres sions of sympathy and accord from Senators Edmunds and Morrill of Ver mont, Hoar of Massachusetts, Plumb of Kansas and Wil.son ot Iowa. Endorse; nients of tho movement were also read from many congressmen and other re-, publicans oocupjing important positions of leadership In the party. This enthusias tic and well-sustained meeting in New A Department of Public Works. Iu the current number of the Forum, Gen. William F. Smith, who as an officer of United S'ates engineers, has had much to do with public works, recommends the formation of a new department of the United States government, with a secre tary at its head who shall be a cabinet officer, to have charge of the various bureaus, which relate to civil public works. These bureaus are those of river and harbor improvements, now carried on by the engineer corps of the army, the t :ast and geological survey, the survey of e public lands, the vast system ot public buildings, the weather bureau, the agri cultural bureau, the bureau for the ad ministration of the lighthouse system, the i!"..ional observatory, the bureau of pat ents, the inspection of hulls nnd boilers of steamers, and the bureau of pisciculture. In several of these bureaus, he says, the limits of duties are loosely laid down, causing nn overlapping of jurisdiction which brings nbout in many cases dupli cation of work, and engenders strife be tween rival bureaus. The consequent want of order and system Is utterly opposed to economy and efficiency, As an example of maladministration, f l. Smith! takes the class of public e im En- Mexican Trade. During President Arthur's administra tion, it will be remembered that an at tempt was made to improve American trade with Mexico, which failed for want of support iu Congress. England then seized the chance which this country re jected, and now England enjoys commer cial relations with Mexico which may ever cause the people of this country to regret and condemn the folly of their lawmakers. Great Britain is now well established in the regard of the Mexicans, who have even banded their mint oer to a London syndicate, and branches of the bank of London, Mexico and South America, are to be established in every State of the Mexican republic. Considering the fact that millions ot American money have been spent in Mexican railroads and other enterprises, it hardly seems right that English influence should so preponderate n that republic. Rut just what can be done about it, is not very easy to see. lightened legislation, as he says, would have crrated an administrative bureau to carry ou such work, with such authority that it would naturally become a guide to legislation in deciding what rivers and harbors were lit subjects for improve meats, both in the Interests ot commerce and the national defences. Its plans and estimates would be regularly submitted nnd, work once begun, the appropriations should be continued to completion, nnd then the bureau should have supervision over them to prevent deterioration arlsirg from wanton action or neglect, But instead Congress has retained the selection of the localities to be improved Appropriations have been made without the slightest regard to the merits of the question, but to conciliate the political influence of the localities. Works have been begun, nnd suspended because the appropriations were discontinued when the localities had lost their political iu fluence.and thus money has been squander ed. As a rule, the3iimsthussetapart have been given to the corps of encineers to expend, hut the estimates from that bureau are never followed, and In many cases the chief of engineers has not au thorized the expendlturoof appropriations made on a prorata plan, because, being insufficient iu amount for any beneficial purpose, the expenditure would be waste of public money. Completed works aro abandoned, and deterio ration, from neglect nud other cause, naturally goes on until such time us the local Interests can, through their representatives, get new appropriations, far exceeding tho cost ot proper mainte ... . 1 1 .. .. I I L. imiinp. mil it. ueen oriiereu. hhv. us has been said, custom has given these ex penditmes to the corps of engineers, Con gress may at any time divert any or all ot the Items ot tho appropriations to any other bureau or to any Individual for ex penditure. It can, as it has done, direct contracts to bo mado with any specified individual, and can, as it has also done, on the application of such Individual, modify a contract, to the detriment both In view of Gov. Hill's veto of the Ved- der liquor-tax b'll, the friends of high license in the Empire State have come to the conclusion that nothing can be done in this direction while Gov. Hill occupifs the executive chair. He is so evidently In league with the saloon interest that ad measure unfavorable to the saloons may be expected to receive his veto. It is a great pity that Mayor Hewitt ot rsew York city does not occupy the guberna torial chair. He has showa a very differ ent attitude toward the retail whiskey trade. The New York Sun make3 a little cata logue of its reasons why President Cleveland caunot be a successful demo cratic candidate for re-election in IssS. These are as follows: 1. The democracy are flatly opposed to his ideas of civil ser vice reform. S. The democracy are op posed to his policy concerning finance 3. Mr. Cleveland cannot get the vote of New York. 4. Excepting Lincoln and Grant, no president since Andrew Jackson has been able to obtain for himself a re-election. 5. The democracy of New York hive a candidate of their own iu the per son of David Bennett Hill. In spue of these reasons Collector Snialley la doubt less correct In his assertion that Mr. Cleveland's nomination depends entirely upon himself ; nnd that if it is his wish to be renominated it is doubtful if there will be any other name mentioned iu the na tioual convention. Minister I'helps Leaves Ills I'ocketliook at Hume. In speaking of the queen's birthday a London society paper says : "In the even ing the official world feasted each other. Lord Salisbury gave his dinner ou th"s oc casion at his private residence lu Arling ton street, and not, as hitherto, at the foreign office. This innovation caused no little trouble to Mr. Phelps, the American minister, sluce, suspectlug nothing, he duly arrived at the foreign office and sent his carriage away. Too late he disi over ed his mistake, and jumping into a nan som was driven to Arlington street To his horror, when he arrived at Lord t-alls-bury's house he fouud that he had uo money ' On one side of the door there awaited him a sumptuous feast, provided by the prime minister of England, and cm tho other side, iu the dark ami drizzle, there was an angry and determined cab man demanding his shilling that .shilling which Mr. Phelps had not got. However, I believe, Lord Salisbury's porter eventual ly advanced the sum and got the Amen cau minister out of pawn." Tho Mount Muimlluld Hotel Sold. Col. E. C. Railey & Sou have sold all their interest in the Mount Mansfield Hotel and mountain property, in Stowe, to Hon, Charles J. Brooks of Boston, for $30,000. George Doo'.ittle has taken a lease nnd will niauage the hotel this sen son. Tho attention ot our rcadeis is directed to tho anuuiu'cmen ot Or. Ham's Aiumatic ln vitfonitorlu another column. It has cured ninny ot the worst discs of Liver A: Kidney discuses. As a tonic it U unequalled.