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THE HORSE'S SIIOES. HOW OFTEN THEY NEED REPLEN ISHING AND WHAT THEY COST. BcMttln Old $fco CmU A boa 111 f M Much m Mw Of Th C of ltubbcr Fad Carriage llorse' Shoes Cost Uoro TIm Tboso of Work Uoroo. A work horse'i shoes cost a 'good deal Isoro than its driver's shoes do. Truck horses, delivery wagon horses and the great number of horses used for various working purposes, including many horses driven to hacks and other publio carriages, are ordinarily shod once month at acoet of $3.50, so that the work horse's shoes are likely to cost $30 a year anyway, and there may be soma additional expense for sharpening and resetting. Sharpening costs $1.C0. Whether this is necessary or not depends, of course, primarily upon the weather. It may de pend much upon the time of day the horse is driven. There may be seasons in which sharpening is not necessary. Not all drivers get the shoes of their horses sharpened even when the going is slippery. Such going may come about suddenly and unexpectedly, and it may be of brief duration, and then there are drivers who under ordinary circum stances take tbo rihk of the greater cost of a broken shaft or an injured animal to save the cott of sharpening. Of work horses in gtueral probably something more than half have their shoes sharp eued when the going is slippery. There are seme, however, whoso shoes are al most all kept sharpened at such times, these being the horses that wcrk at night and in the early morning before the sun has softened the ice cr melted it away. These iuclude horses driven to milt wagons, Lakers norses, and so on, how often the shoes are sharpened depending on the going Usually when a horse is shod he is shod all around. Sometimes there is oc casion to put cn a single shoe, as when a horse throws a shoe. The cost of a single new shoe is one-fourth the cost of a set in the case of a work horse C3 cents. The charge for resetting the old shoe would be 35 cents. Kesetting in general, from one shoe up, costs about one-half, or a little mere than half, as much as fitting a horse with new shoes. In putting on a single shoe an old shoe would commonly be used, to make it match those remaining on. If it is not too much worn, the shoe the horse has cast would be put back if the driver picked it up. It in suitable and it fits. If it has not been picked up, then a slipper is jut on from the pile in the shop, 6lippcr being the shop name of the worn shoe taken off and thrown aside when a horse is re-shod. Horses havo peculiarities in wearing their shoes, just as men do. Some wear them off moro at the tee, some more at the heel, and some wear them more on one sido than cn the other. Horses' shoes wear eff more quickly on granite pavements than they do on asphalt, and the greatly increased use of asphalt pavement has led to a correspondingly increased use of rubber pads in horses' shoes to give the horses a better foot hold. Itubber pads, as well as the shoes, are fitted to the horse's foot and nailed on with the shoe. Shoes with rubber pads cf this kind for work horses, cost, put on, $4 or $.j u set. They are likely to wear li nger than shoes without pads, but they are commonly replaced or re set at tbo end of a mouth. The necessi ty for reshoeing the horse at intervals cf about a mouth is duo in a considera ble degree to tho natural growth of the horse's hoofs, which require trimming or other attention about once in so often. In the case cf iron shoes, at the end of a mouth, when they are taken off, they aro likely to be too much worn to go another mouth, and new tboes aro put on. In the case cjf ruLber pad shoe s, if they aro not too much worn, they are reset, and this may be done in perhaps 10 or IjQ per cent of tho cases. Some tiuuHthooM shoes maybe jiut back with new pi.ds, sometiuKs tho old pads with new shoes. It depends a good deal on tlimiiiUiiK r in which tho horse wears them. So that while the first cost of rubber pad lines is considerably greater than that cf plain shoes tho net cost is not so much greater. The price charged for shoeing a pri vate coach or carriage liorso is $1 more than for shoeing a work horse, or $3.50, and rulber pad shoes, such as those de scribed, for carriage horses cost $o or G a etc. Such horses are n shod ordinarily, liko most Doms, e-nco a month, and a a rul their shoes are also reset in the middle of tho month. And tho shoes cf private carriage horses are moro com monly kept sharpened in slippery weath er than aro those of work horses. Wom en are more likely to bo disturbed by the slipping of a horso than u man would be, and the carriage horses are usually moro valuable than work horses, and less rik of injury is taken. In some rases it might bo that the charge for shoeing a horse, either a car riage horso or a work horse, would be according to the timo required rather than by tho job, as, for examplo, in the case of a lame horse, in shoeing which more than the usual time would be needed. Shoes are made and fitted to meet any requirement, and the cost might be, according to the amount of work and time expended, from f 1 to $5 for a single shoe. New York Sun. Tbo Critics. Flick Call him a musician! Why, he doesn't know tho difference between a nocturne and a symphony. Flack Yon don't mean it? And they hurry to get away from one another. Each is terribly afraid that the ether will ask, "Dy the .way, what is the difference?" Boston Transcript. Korean paper is superior to that of either China or Japan, in Loth of which countries it is in demand for umbrella covers, rooflej asd as a futstltnta for rlndoif' glass. " INSANE MURDERERS. Tho QaosUoa of Responsibility aad Ftsv Isbiuent For tbo Crlmo. It may well be that a man who could not be called insane, but merely, say, an ordinary member of the criminal classes, vifh stroug passions and feeble Intellect, would in the presence or an opportunity long expected and hoped lor, the consequences ox wmcn m thoughts had frequently rehearsed, be really for the moment incapable of re straining his hand. We should hang him, nevertheless, without the slightest scruple, and we should waste no com passion upon the absence of self control. It is, in fact, impossible to frame a defi nition of irresponsibility based upon ab sence of self control without including all sorts of crimes which at present are punished by the law. For years back there has been a sort of feud between the lawyers and the alienists on tbo subject, so that even the textbooks speak of legal insanity and medical insanity 19 distinct. To take extreme cases, jurists have contended that no degree cf insanity 6hould exempt from punishment for crime unless it has reached such a point that the person is utterly unconscious of the difference between right and wrong at the time of committing the offense, whilo medical men have very generally held to the opinion that this is not a proper criterion, that many cf the insane are fully conscious of the difference between right and wrong and ihat to enforce such a test means the hanging of many a lunatic. There can be no doubt that of late years the med ical view has met with a wider accept ance than it used to do aud that even lawyers have shown an increasing read iness to admit the doctrine, of irrespon sibility. 1'ut it is a very anxious ques tion, especially in view of recent dog mas as to degeneracy, how far this doc trine is to be allowed to go. The condition cf affairs is much more serious than some people think, and it is highly necessary that those who ad minister the criminal law should be on their guard against any insidious estab lishment of immunity for the violation of its most 6acred principles. In any case of murder the presumption in fa vor of hanging should be so strong as to leave very slender prospect of escape for any man who prior to the commis sion of his crimo had been thought fit to be at large. If this condition cannot be secured, it will become a matter of grave necessity to take prompt steps for the incarceration of many people of evil passions who are now at liberty and to render the utterance of threats a matter to be dealt with by tho alienist as well as by the magistrate. Loudon Hospital. SOCIETY IN SIBERIA. Ilostrss and Gut'sts Frequently Krtiro to the Kltcheu to Cook and Kat. "At one cf th grand balls I attended at Krasnoyarsk," writes Thomas O. Al len, Jr., of "Fashionable Siberia," in The Ladies' Home Journal, "I was im pressed by the profusion of flowers used in the decoration of the ballroom, and which bad been imported from Europe at enormous expense, and also bv the importance given to tho matter of re freshments. Although there appeared to be about four girls to one man, the male portion of the company spent tho greater part of tho evening at the buffet, or zokooski table, eating and drinking. The conversation of tho women, I found, was most conventional, and one could invariably anticipate tho samo remarks upcu an introduction to a lady. Knowl edge of French, which I was surprised to find few could speak, is considered the most graceful feminine accomplish ment. "Tho kitchen, however, has for the lady of tho laud a peculiar fascination. Very often whilo dressed in silks uud sating and conversing with her guests a hostess will proceed to fry a 'blin, ' or pancake and eat it with the greatest gusto. Tho ether ladies are at liberty to fullow tho hostess' example if they choose." French aud Enlih Cm . French men of letters havo not enough of tho audacious spirit of tho English, says Henry D. Sedgwick in Tho At lantic. They troop to l'atis, whero they havo been accustomed to sit on their classical benches since Paris became tho cente r of France. The romance of Villcn is tho romance of a Parisian thief. Tho romance of liousard is tho romance of tho Parisian salon. Alrutaigucj lives cn his feeiguiery while England is topsy turvy with excitement cf new knowl edge and new feeling. Comeillo has the nobleness cf a jeune lille. , You can measure) them all 1 y their ability to plant a colony. .Wreck them on a desert island, Villon will pick blackberries, P.ons.ard will skip stones, Montaigne whittle, Curucillu look like a gentle man, and the empire of France will not increase, by a hand's breadth. Tako a haudfal of Elizabethan poets, and Sid ney would chop, Shakespeare would cook, Jonsou dig, Eacon snare, Marlowe catch a wild ass, and in 24 hours they would have a log fort, a score of savage slaves, a windmill, a pinnace, and the cross of St. Gcorgo fiyiug on tho tallest tree. Calorie. The emotional litterateur had just written a piece of which he was very proud. The editor looked it over and then said : "Do yon candidly think such opinions ought to go into cold type?" "I don't know much about the prac tical work of printing," was the reply, " but I don't believe it makes auy differ ence. Even if the typo is cold, I gues that article will take the chill off it." Washington Star. Doing Ills Level Dost "Do you think. Grimly, that you do what yon should to brighten your home?" "I've put in gas, electrio lights and lamps. II there's anything else to make II bxif htts. I'ta rtsi la Invert." Da- i troll Fr Prcx 'TWO TOILERS. Two new tolled aids by sUla from sua to sun, Aad both wr pour; Both sat with children wlien the day was done About their door. Ono saw tss beautiful la crimson cloud And shining moon; The. other, wita his head in sadness bowed, Made night of noon. One lovud each tree and flower and ainginf bird On mount or plain; No muslo In the soul of one was stirred By leaf or rain. One saw the good In every fellow man, And hoped the bout ; The other marveled at bis master's plan. And doubt oonf eased. One, having heaven above and heaven below ; Was satisfied ; The other, discontented lived In woe, And hopeloss ded. Boston Transcript. A VANITY BOOK. Fereonal Record Keeping; Whose Interest Esenses Its Vanity. In the beginning one's parents must be the authors, or if the parents will not then some devoted aunt may win for herself the warmest thanks in years to come. When Heart's Delight came to earth some 15 years ago, a substan tial volume was bought to be her book. Iuto this went first the genealogy of the family on father's aud mother's sides as far as there was knowledge of it. Pho tographs of great-great-grandparents, grandparents and parents were inserted. The weddiug dress of the paternal grandmother was shown by a small piece, aud the maternal side was rich with bits of the weddiug dresses of mother, grandmother and great-grandmother. Photographs of father and mother at the time of their marriage aud when Heart's Delight was born were also added. To these were added one of the house and the room which the little maid made blessed by her coming. The announcement card went in and letters written for her welcome. Mamma wrote a description of the won der, and papa took her photograph. All this was for the beginning, but as months went on there was more to chronicle- Baby's ways, the coming of her first tooth, her first word and when it was spoken, when she began to creep and then to walk all these were re corded. Into the book went, too, such treasures as the first sock, the first lit tle shoe, a piece of her first colored dress. Everything of whatever kind that marked a beginning found a per manent place in the Vanity Book, and tho story of the child's life may bo read therein. As the child developed the character of tho items naturally changed. When sho went to school, her early efforts sup plied more material, sometimes in the shape of school work and sometimes as stories of childish temptations or griefs and joys. Heart's Delight's first letter is entered in the book. There are so many tokens here that. aro treasures, more valuable as they grow older. The first iuvitation to a party, the first theater programme, and with this are other programmes of those things which have impressed tho child. Her first party dress, or courso. was shown in the book. Throughout the book aro photographs of Heart's Do light herself as sho grew toward girl hood and of the girls and boys who wero her friends. Long ago the bookmaking fell iuto the hands of the girl herself, and she adds to it all that points to tho story she is making. Everything of pleasure, of special benefit in her life, is to be re called from this book, and even now she prizes it above all her possessions. What will it be to her when she is 50? What will it be worth to her son or ' daughter when some one writes "Finis" to it for her? What would you not give for such a book left you by your mother or father? It would be worth more than money. There is a great deal of pleasuro to be found in making such a book for oneself, though if one begins it after childhood ho loses much that went iuto the little ono s book. It will becomo filled, how ever, with the important things of life, each making theso for himself. A vani- ; ty book is ono of tho best things in tho world to t-how how one's ideas of values change and how life's horizon expands. It records a life with sumo of those which preceded it and gavo it its bent and thoKo which accompanied and de velopcd it. Though it may bo vanity, it is yet a vanity with a lesson. New York fcjuu. The Apple Dninplipg. Applo dumpling day was a red letter one in my boy's calendar. When I had such a dainty bit in my bag, it seldom fttaid there many minutes. Although I had dispatched a hearty breakfast before starting, out would come the dumpling. 'Just to have a look at it and to see if it is as big as mother generally makes them," I would cay to myself. Then I would turn it about aud uelmiroits size. From handling tho dainty to tasting it was a sure process. "I'll have one lit tle bite, only a nibble," I would say. When I had got my tooth into that dumpling, Adam with his applo wasn't in it. It was a case of once bitten soon gone. Then I would hurry on to make up zor my dawdling with only the hunk of barley bread in my wallet, tho joys of the dumpling behind me, and before me the day's drudgery, with per haps a thrashing thrown, in. "Life of Joseph Arch." Chilly. "Poor papal" said Ethel. "He has a dreadful cold." "Must hava caught it while sitting by himself," said Chollie. who knew how frigid the old gentleman could be when he tried.-London Tit-Bits. The siesa of Troy was mnfW a mvth. According to Homer's own figures, if there ever was soch a man as Homer, Helen must have been at least 60 year of age when she first met Paris, and Ten in tha,hercia period of its trcxii women ox izs.i vera a trtia BRITISH SMUGGLERS. Ca Along; the Coast Wherein Their Contraband Goods Were Stored. A very curious feature of the coasts of Eugland, where rocky or wild, is the trenched and banked up paths from the caves along the coast These are notice able in. Devon anetaorn wall and along the Bristol channel. That terrible sea front consists of precipitous walls of rock, with only here and there a dip, wberea brawling stream has sawed its course down to the sea, and here there is, perhaps, a sandy shore of diminu tive proportions, and the rocks around are pierced in all directions with cav erns. The smugglers formerly ran their goods into these caves, when the weath er permitted, or the preventive men were not on the lookout They stowed away their goods in the caves and gave notice to the farmers and gentry of the neigh borhood, all of whom were provided with numerous donkeys, which were henceforth sent down to the caches, and the kegs and bales were removed under cover of the night or of storm. As an excuse for keeping droves of donkeys it was pretended that the sea sand and the kelp served as admirable dressing for the land, and no doubt so they did. The trains of asses sometimes came up laden with sacks of sand, but not infre quently with kegs of brandy. Now a wary preventive man might watch too narrowly the proceedings of these trains of asses. Accordingly 6quires, yeomen and farmers alike set to work to cut deep ways in the face of the downs, along the slopes of the hills, and bunk them up so that the whole caravans of laden beasts might travel up and down absolutely unseen from the sea and greatly screened from the land side. Undoubtedly the sunken ways aud high banks are a great protec tion against the weather. So they were represented to bo, and no doubt greatly wero the good folks commended for their consideration for the beasts and their drivers in thus at great cost shut ting them off from the violence of the gale. Nevertheless it can hardly be doubted that concealment from the eyes of the coast guard was sought by this means quite as much, if not more, than the sheltering the beasts of burden from tho weather. South African Review. WAR CORRESPONDENTS. Are They a Detriment to the General Com manding; an Army? Everything in a campaign depends upon tho general in command, upon his coolness, resourcefulness and rapidity of glance. He may be a man who dis likes correspondents, a dislike they are certain to return, and he feels therefore as if ho were perpetually watched in the gravest crises by personal enemies, afeeling which would have been fatal to Marlborough or Eugene of Savoy, tho two commanders most remarkable for immovable sang froid. Everybody is not born with the advertising spirit, and there are insects which under a burning glass feel torture instead of that enjoyment of warmth which tbo operator maintains they ought to feel. Imagine the condition of a general liko Frederick tho Great, whose main busi ness during three years of his campaign ing lifo was to repair defeat, with 50 "correspondents" in his camp reporting every disaster, every preparation and every execution of the incompetent or the unruly t It would be maddening to such a general to know that tho distribution of blame or famo did not depend upon himself, but would bo taken out of his hands by writers not under his com mand, who would doclare that an attack like that on Speichercn, which'almost cost an army corps, was "superb" be cause it succeeded, or that the perhaps best general in the army was habitual ly a little late in issuing his commands. Wo do most seriously believe that there are officers of tho highest merit in tho British army from whom the country will never obtain tho best service they aro capable cf performing because of tho multitude of reporters in tho camps. That is a thought which tboso who aro responsible for armies uro bound to ponder, and, knowing as they do its truth, wo do not wonder that they doubt whether to interest tho readers of newspapers is an advantage sufficient to outweigh so many risks. London Spectator Tho Law Ilusluess. "Haven't see you lately," said the first lawyer. "Nei," replied tho second lawyer. " We'vo moved." "Where are ynu now?" "Over in tho Utopia building. Our firm's got a suit of seven ofiices. " "Seven offices? What can you possi bly do with so many?" "Well, they don't cost much. The office building business is overdone in this city. We've got a lot of deaks, and we'll fill them up with clerks from the colleges. They don't cost anything at all." "That's so," paid the first lawyer, "and they ain't worth anything." "True again," replied the second lawyer, "but they'll make a show and impress clients." The law and the office building busi nesses 6eem to have fallen upon strange times, this being a true report of an ao tual conversation. Buffalo Express. Chicago on St. Lout. "It's bard to die so young," said the turkoy, "but I'm thankful for one thing anyway." "What's that?" asked the oyster. "I'm not to be served in Bt Louis," replied the turkey, "so I'll not be eaten with a knife." Chicago News. Stained Glass Portraits. Stained glass portrait! are a favorite fad with women who oan afford them. The queen of Italy hu a beautiful stain ed glass portrait, of herself, and ilia said that AlmarTadema li now making use of the same medium In m picture of the Xocsj Duchccj cf tlxrlbcrcTV DOO 00000000000000000000001 ..SUBSCRIBE FOR.. 5 I popper J ( livening ffews And Keeo Posted On The Local Events As They Happen. TER HE S : 50 Cents Per Month j or $5.00 Per Year. I IF YOU HAVE A GOOD THING ADVERTISE IT 111 ::THE EVENING NEWS:: Each Copy Has A Whole Family For Its Audience. 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