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DKMOCHATIO IN l'OLITICHi IUU1C IN LITKllATUIlKj AND PROORKSHIVH IN KOUTII1CIIN INTKIIEST8. BYfA. M. BURNEY & CO, ' . MMINNVILLE, TENNESSEE, SATURDAY, DECEMBER 3, 1881. VOL. Ill -NO. 4. NEWS AND NOTES. A Summary of Important Event. Jones, why fi;-od - at Hullcau, has been Indicted lfy the Gf and Jury lot assault with Intent to kill. . Senator Maiione intimates that Henry Itlddleborgor 1st likely to bo chosen as Lis colleiigm! by Iho Virginia Legislature. Tub Illinois State Board of Health lias ordered that pupils shall not be admit ted to schools anywhere In tho State after January 1, unless they have a certificate of vaccination. Another attempt to assassinate tho Czar Is reported,. , TJiaplgt was an extraor dinary one. It was decided to cause a bal loon to ascend near tiatcblna, carrying a quantity of dynamite and explosive flro balls, together with appliances to cause the balloon to fall within tho palace yard, when It would cxplodo and set the palaco on fire. In the confusion it was intended to seize Iho Czar, and family. Tho ma chinery seized shows that everything was in readiness for; tho execution of the plot. The Imperial 'family, in consequence of tho .attempt," havo decided upon removing at oneo from (JatcMna. JIany arrests have been made, among them being the Chief of Police of an important provincial city, two daughters of u high State official, and two Jewish mer chants, besule a number of students and ac tive members of the Nihilist party. The London 1'imct says editorially of the situation In Ireland: "We are unwilling to relinquish the hope of Improvement in Ireland but can not clfcso our eyes to tho fact that most recent evidence points In the opposite 'direction.4 It ft only too plain that after a brief Interval of hesitation, a consid erable section of pciple have decided to ad here to the policy of the 'no rent' manifesto. It seeing tho plan of dealing with recalci trant tenants of a county by tho county lias already been adopted in Counties Lcitrim and Cavan, whero two flying columns, each consisting of 500 soldiers and police, hive been detailed for the protection of those engaged in carrying out tho law. In many places it Is notorious that to pay rent nt all is as dangerous as it was some time back to pay more thnn the Griffith valuation, i.. .If existing powers of the executive are deemed inadeqaute others must be granted. Ono thing only is impossible that Ireland should be delivered over to a lawless fac tion openly alining at the disruption of tho union. ' ' The artielo is based on telegrams from correspondents detailing many in stances of outrage. Senator Logan says of Guiteau: "The first time I saw Guiteau was in Wash ington in March last. He came to my house bareheaded, with sandals on and without stockings. There was snow on the ground, llo excused his appearance by saying he lived close by. He introduced himself and gave mo a speech tm Hancock versus Gar field, requesting as a personal favor that I would read it. To get rid of him I said I would do so. Next day ho called ugain, and after telling me what a great and important man he was, askod me what I thought of his speech. I replied I had not bail time to read it. This put him In a rage, and at the samo time opened my eyes to tho fact that I was dealing with a crank. To get rid of him I told him that I would read tho speech that very night. I did not sec him again fur several weeks, when ho called and presented mo with a written appllea cation, be said he iutended to put on tile In the State Department, asking for the position of Consul-Gcncral to Faris. llo said he had shown it to Secre tary Itlaiue, and 1 1 la i no had promised Mm tho place if I would sign the applica tion. I refused to sign It on the ground that. I knew nothing at nil about the man. This threw Guiteau into a rago again. He drew himself tip with an oratorical 11 mii.ili nnd told ino ho was Charles Guiteau, a law yer and politician, an intimate friend of all the prominent men of the licpuhlican party, nnd for me not to know him was to argue myself unknown. He got so abusive I or dered bin) out of my rooms, and gave orders not to let lilm enter again." PERSONAL AND GENERAL. Andrew Temtes, an Indian, was re cently hanged at Fort Colville, WY T., for tho murder of a white man. Miss Clara Loiisk Kellogg has publicly announced her retirement from tho stage at the close of her present engagement, when she is to be married to Mr. T. 1). Whit ney, a Philadelphia gentleman. George Law, the well-known Now York capitalist, is dead. IIo began life as a hod-carrier; his estate is worth several millions. The Kennebec Journal, Blaine's home oraait, publishes the following: "Wo are authorized to state that Mr. Blaine will not be a candidate for Representative In Con gress, will not bo a candidato for Governor, and wid not bo a candidate for the United States Sonate. When Blaine retires from President Arthur's Cabinet, early in tho coming month, bo will devote himself en tirely to his private affairs. Tho rumor of his going out as Minister to England has no foundation whatever." Charles Davis, a negro, who had com in It ted an aggravated assault upon a wid ow named Luckey; residing near Athens, O., was taken from tbo Jail by a party of about twenty undisguised men and hanged from abridge. James Cooper, City Marshal of Cov ington, Tenn., was killed in an affray with James Slaughter, a merchant of that place. Wm. IIoessel, a widower of somo means, living alono at North Kvnnston, III., was found murdered in bis bed a few morn ings since. Robbery was undoubtedly the cause, and a bloody ax found upon the premises was the Instrument with which the crime was committed. Some discarded clothes, supposed to belong to tho assassin, served to identify him ns a tramp who bad been loitering about the locality for some days previous. At Columbus, Ga., Osborn Titta drank a quart of whisky on a wager, and was carted homo dead. Dcnison, tho keep er of the saloon, has been arrested. David Cronin and Wm..Dugan, tel cgraph line repairers, wero killed near Vln cennes, Ind., by a train striking their hand' car. Several others of tho party were ln lured. Mr. II. V. Redfield, the well-known Washington correspondent of the Cincinnati Commercial, died recently of consumption, at tho ago of thirty-live. Capt. Payne and a few of his more daring followers havo safely located on tho town site of Oklahoma City, Indian Territo ry, and aro In occupation of tho stockade fort built by them last summer. So far they havo not been molested by tho Indians nor interfered with by the Federal troops. A dispatch from Clayton, N. Y., says: Frank Cappernul, thekeeper of the Hub .House, his wife, two small children, and Charles Wilson, tho keeper of the Cliff House, wifo and two childrcn.wero drowned In Eel Buy WIUIO going" ttr Onnannqito In small boat. A severe gale recently swept over England, Scotland, and Southeast Ireland. Several houses wcro unrooted, nnd much damairo was done to shipping. Part of the The testimony offered by the proseeullon in the Guiteau case whs coiieludcd on the 21st, Guiteau's demeanor In court has been so obstreperous as to cull forth frequent remon Ht ranees from his counsel, and tho Court threatened to remove him from the court.' room unless he abstained from these exhlbi lions oi in temper, wnicii many mink aro assumed by the prisoner In order to carry out more successfully the plea of insanity. On account of a disagreement between Sco- villi and Robinson as to the manner of con ducting tho defense, tho latter announced his withdrawal from the -ease. Scovillo then entered upon an elaborate address to tho jury, occupying nearly two days in its delivery. He announced that lie should baso his defense upon tho prisoner's mental irresponsibility, and he argued that the burden of proof un der these circumstances rested upon the prosecution. His remarks were delivered in a conversational manner, without any at tempt at oratory, and produced a very fa vorable Impression on all who heard them. Dr. l;ico, prael Icing physician of Minton, Wis., testilied on behalf of the defense. He examined the prisoner in lSTli and caino to the conclusion ho was Insane. His insanity was emotional rather than Intellec tual. He told bis friends that Oiiltvau ought to be secluded. Several other witnesses former acquaintances of Guiteau, had con Mdered him mentally unsound. Guiteau read a lengthy statement in which he said "In attempting to remove the President 1 only did what the papers said ought to ho done. Since July 2 thoy havo been deifying the President and denouncing me for doinu the very thing they said ought to be done. want the newspapers and doctors, who ac tually killed, the President, to share with me the odium of li if death, 1 never would hav shot him of my own volition, notwithstand ing tho.-c newspapers, if I had not been com missioned by th Deity to do the deed, bu this Tact does not relievo tne newspaper! from the supposed disgrace of the Presl dent's removal. If ho had been properl treated he would be alive to day. It has brrii published that I am in fear of death it i raise. 1 nave always nevn a religion man, and an active worker for God. Some people think I am a murderer, but the Lor does not, for He tn-plred the act, as in th case of Abraham ami a score of other ca lathe Bible." ulcdonla Railroad was washed away. Two person were killed at Glasgow. The storm ;ed on tho west coast or Ireland and in tho George's Channel. The brush fires in Ontario during the ast season destroyed between $10,0)0,000 and flj.OOO.OOO worth of property. Capt. Howoate, against whom there aro twelve Indie ments now pendin; iti tho Washington Criminal Court three being for forgery and tho others for embezzle ment will apply for a reduction of his bail, which is now ifrSl.OOO. The Coroner's Jury in the case of d. Maxwell, lynched at Durand, Wis., re turned the following uniquo verdict: "De ceased came to his death by falling from the Court-house steps and breaking his neck, At Columbia, Mo., on Thanksgiving Dav, while somo skaters wcro amusing themselves on a pond, the lee gavo way, pre clpitatlng five or six into deep water, three of whom wcro drowned, viz.: John G. larth, aged 10; Theodore Murphy, aged 1."), and MifB Maggio Buckner, aged about 1.), Mrs. Thomas Carnes, living about six miles southwest from Blooinington, nd.. while building a fire was burned to death by the explosion of an oil can. Two men wero killed and several in jured by tho explosion of a sugar-house boiler on Belle Aire plantation, a few miles below Now Orleans. A train of cars loaded with cotton burned at Houston, Tex., on the 21th. About 150 bales wero totally destroyed and as many more partially burned. Bail is refused for tho Malic; boys, held In connection with the killing of Jennie Cramer, at New Haven, Conn. A little son of Mr. Loma, living near Morgan, Texas, while playing with gun was requested by his little sister, who was sick in bed, to put it up. He playfully replied, "I will shoot you," pointing tho gun nt her, when It was discharged, the load taking effect in her face and resulting in death. Thomas McKane, a Philadelphia In speetor of Election, has been sentenced to nino months' imprisonment and dlsqusllllied from holding office, for making falso re turns of votes cast at the last municipal election. The President of Mexico is alarmingly ill. A national convention of cotton- planters and manufacturers is to bo held at Atlanta, Ga., commencing December G. Earlham College, at Richmond Ind., has been closed on account of small pox. A band of four hundred friendly Gros Ventres have located in the timber on the Yellowstone, about twenty-five miles from Glendive, Montana, whence they brln tinned robes to market. Many of the Indians sneak English, and an educated member serves as Interpreter for the band. The steamer D. T. Lane, descending the Ohio Uivcr, collided with the propelle W. F. Gaylard, at Ashland, Ky. The Gay lard was sunk out of sight almost immcdl ately and Mrs. Mead, the cook, was drowned. The rest of the crew escaped with difliculty A misunderstanding of signal is said to be the cause of the accident. The celebrated Iowa barb-wire cases will come up January 3 in the United States Circuit Court at Keokuk. A full Bene will be present, Judge McCrary presiding B. V. Butler, cf Massachusetts, and C. C (Vie, of Des Moin. i, will appear for tho farmers. Q The Municipal Commission wa ch was recently appointed In Paris to report on the possible application of electricity as railway motor will advise the experiment of an elevated road In some part of tho capi tal, to be ruu on the Siemens Electrical Rail way plan. Mrs. Collins, Troy, N. Y., lies in bed suffering great agony from blood-poisoning. Last week she wore a pair of new shoes and and received an abraslou on her heel. The scarlet dyod stockings commu nicated blood-poisoning, and her foot and leg swelled rapidly. The lawyers of the Baroness Burdett- Coutts havo decided that by marrying Bart- lett she forfeited her Interest In tho Coutts Bank, and the has therefore decided to re sign her intorest therein to those who claim it under the will of tho Duchess of St. Al bans. She wilt oontinue to receive a small annual allowance as a compensation. " Theodore Baldwin, late Teller oi the Mechanics' Bank of Newark, N. J., nnd a half-brother of Cashier Baldwin, has boen arrested upon the charge of falsifying the books of the Institution and in otherwise abetting the Cashier's fraudulent proceed ings. It is stated, upon tho authority oi Mgr. Terinaso, Prelate of the household oi the Pope, who Is now in Montreal, that bis Holiness Is making preparations for leaving the Yatlcan, and will probably take up his residence either in Malta or Salisbury, Col. L. V. B. ' Howell, a mining operator from San Francisco, meeting with no success in New York, killed himself with a revolver. An investigation into the affairs of the tax office at Philadelphia has revealed wholesale robbery of tho State and City Treasuries. At Milwaukee, Wis., John Schrocder, a carpenter, was instantly killed by falling from a scaffold. The Indian Territorial Legislature has voted the right of way for a new rail road. Hattie Lee, a white child, 3 year old, while playing in front of a fire-place at Yieksbtirg, Miss., was so badly burned that she died in a few hours. A four-year-old daughter of Mr, and Mb-s. James Peeks, living at Soldomsoen, a mining town in Beck Island County, III., wns burned to death by the explosion of lamp. Her grand mothor was seriously burned In her efforts to strip tho clothing from tho little girl, which she sue cceded in doing after a bravo fight with the flames. The wife of ex-Senator Christiancy, while suffering from aberration of mind, ran out Into the street in Washington the othci Ight in her night dress, and was with cl i ill culty returned to her home. The charges gainst her in the divorce proceedings are he cause of her trouble. The pension-rolls for December de mand $7,930,000. Four murderers were hanged on tho 5th: Henry Johnston, at Sumter, S. C. auk Armor, at Crawfordvillo, Ga. ; Rich nrd James, at Marlon Court-house, S. C. Joe Harris, at Bogcrsvillo, Tenn. Tho latter as the only white man. Near Greenwich, Conn., live work men were killed and three seriously injured by the premature explosion of a blast. The extensive tannery of Keifer, Stlefel & Co., Allegheny, Pa., burned on the 2oth. Los., 12.',000. Louis Kaaii, a farmer living near 'crrysburg, O., killed his wifo and then shot himself. It is reported that Mr. Jay Gould has secured control of tho New York & Now Cnglnnd Railroad Company. It is further reported that he hag perfected plans for connecting the line directly with New York and with the elevated railroad system. T1IE rOST-OFFICE DEPARTMENT. LATE SEWS ITEMS. The examination of witnesses in the Guiteau case on the 20th was Interrupted as usual by the prisoner's remarks. His first outbreak was: "I notice my friend Henry Ward Bcecher is doing somo cranky work on this case. I used to attend his church and praycr-meetlnz, and If your Honor knew lil in as well as I do you would not pay any attontion to him. more aro a good many people think ho is badly cranked socially, and have no doubt that Mrs1. Til ton told the truth nnd that ho lied about it, and I tell him so publicly." Cabinet gossip again gives Freling. huyscn the Secretaryship of State, with Judge Bancroft Davis as Assistant Secretarj'. 1'pok. F. B. Hugh, Chief of the Di vision of Forostry of the ;Agrlcultural De partment, hag returned from Europe, nnd at an early day will make a report of his in vestigations, with a recommendation to Congress for the planting, preservation and maintenance of forests on prairie and desert lnnds of the United States.. A Washington correspondent gleans from official sources that the United States Government will enter remonstrance against the policy pursued by Chili toward Peru, and intimate in strong terms that this coun try can not look on quietly and see Peru di vested of all its powers as a nation. Annie S. Hower, on trial at Cedar Rapids, Iowa, for poisoning her husband in order to marry a lover, hag been sentenced to clchtoen years' imprisonment in tho Fort Madison Penitentiary, the Jury finding a verdict of murder in the second degree. Ezekiel Smitii and wife, an aged couple residing In Huntington, Vt. , died suddenly at the same moment on the 2(ith. Foul play is surmised. A youth, under pretense of urgtnt State bnsincss, obtained audience on the 20th at the Ministry of tho Interior, St. Pc tcrsburg, with Gen. Tchercvine, presiding over the commission for mitigating the sen tenecs of exiles. As soon as admitted he fired a revolver at the General, but the hall passed harmlessly between his arm and side. The General secured and disarmed the youth, who said ho was merely the instru ment of another person. The jury in the case of R. S. Rosscr, charged with murdering J. W. Chaldcr, President of the Dallas A Wichita Railway, three years ago, have found a verdict of not guilty. Mrs. Garfield has placed tho liter ary estate of her husband In the hands of Col. A. F. Rockwell, charging turn with its care, preservation and disposition. Pr John II. Stevens, Stonewall Jackson's principal surgeon, was found Ehd in his oiliee on the 2."th. He was a Vir clniati. but had lived at Pallas, Tex., since the war. Washisqtoh, November 8L The following are some of the load ing features of I'ostmastcr-General James' report: Tho total expenditures during the fiscal jvear ended June 3), last, were f39,2."l,73j '.4(i; total revenues, $.'K),"3j.397.07. Excess of expenditures, $2,400,33149; other defi cits, on account, of "bad aouts" and "com promise" accounts, $11,79). 80 making the total excess of expenditures, $2,481,1:19.35. Tho number of postage-stamps, postal cards, stamped envelopes, etc, issued dur ing the year was 1,5)4,311,512, amounting In value to 34,6:5,13.j.gi, agninst a total value during the previous fiscal year of $32,-087,312.40. The total amount of postage collected dur ing the year on newspapers and periodicals mailed . to regular aubsc 'bors from known offices of publication and from news agen cies, at two cents per pound, was $1,399,048- 04, an increase of $172,590.00, or a little over 14 por cent. The weight of second-class matter mailed wag 09,952,432 pounds, or 34,970 tons. The number of postofllccs at which tho matter was mailed was 4,821, an Increase of 398 over the number for the previous year. DEAD LKTTKRS. By careful reckoning based upon an actual count mado in every post-office in the Unit ed Statos during the first week in Decem ber, 180, it has been ascertained that the whole number of lettorg nulled in this country in tho last fiscal year was 1,040, 107,348. Tho numbor reaching the Dead Letter Office during the same period was 3,323,021, or ouo in evory 31". The total number of letters and of packagei that were of sufficient value to be recorded and filod, received during tho year ended .luua 30, 1881, was 3,G74,20i, an increase of arl, -623 over the number received during the procedingyear. For convenience of treat ment they were classified as follows: Un claimed domestio letters 2,791,03,); held for postage, 279,244; misdirected, 242,5'KI (not including 81,181 foreign letters with imper fect or erroneous addresses) ; without any superscription whatever (tho majority of them bearing stamps to pay postage), 9.47J; letters addressed to foreign countries, and containing articles (coin, Jewelry, etc) whioj ara forbidden to be sent in the Inter national mails, 1,292; letters of foreign ori gin, 28t,127 (of which 31,184 wcro sent to the Dead-Letter Office on account of erro neous or Imperfect addresses); foreign par cels (unopened), lS.SJtij and domestic pack ages, 52,51)1. Of the letters and packages opened, IS,- 017 were found to contain money amount ing to 140,587.80 ; 22,012 contained drafts, money orders, checks, notes, etc., tho ag gregate face value of which was $1,899,002- .51; 37,9 1 8 contained receipts, paid notes and canceled obligations of all sorts; 31,731 contained photographs; 61,550 contained small remittances of postago-stamps; and in 75,213 there were found valuable articles of third and fourth class matter in endless variety; "TUB" amount ufnronoj-Bcirarroc from dead letters for which no claimant could bo found was .10,58 1. 4-1, which was deposited In tho Treasury. The amount of postage collected upon short-paid matter forwarded to destination, nnd upon un claimed packages of third and fourth class matter returned to owners, was $3,109.34. The records of the Department show that 8,33S,918 registered letters and packages were mailed In this country during tli6 year. Of this number only 2,014 reached the Dead-Letter Olllco; and of these 2, 131 were finally delivered to the owuers, tho balance being placed on file awaiting Idon tillcatlon by Hie parties Interested. TUB POSTAL MONEY-ORDER 8YSTKM. The operations of the money-order system are multiplying yearly under the impulse of prosperous trado and the influence of immi gration, with the rapid development of tho newer States and Territories, nnd the de mand for additional means of intercommu nication and exchaneo. At the commence mcnt of the lait fiscal year tin total number of post-oOlces authoiizod to issue and to pay domestio money-orders was 4,829. During the year 311 additional money-order offices wcro established, and seven were discontinued, leaving 5,103 In oporatlon on the 30th day of June, 1S81. Since then 338 new offices have been established, making the whole number of money-order offices In operation at date of this report 5,499. The number of domestic money-orders issued during the year was 7,003,232, of the aggre gate value of $103,075,709.35; number of or ders paid, 7,027,710, amouuting In v.ilno to $104,219,871.05; to which must be added the amount of orders repaid to remittors $704, 989.00, making a total of $104,924,853. Glj the excess or lssuei over payments was $150,915.74; the total amount of fees paid by the public to postmasters for the issue of domestic orders was $900,732.75. Seventy-seven cases of alleged lost remit tanccs of surplus money-order funds amounting to $11,753 were under investiga tlon during the year, and claims were filed in thirty-six cases on account of alleged im proper payment of money orders. Tho amount of all those claim was $707.07. Their number, compared with tho total number of payments made during the year is as ouo to $211,881. Xinety-nlne cases of alleged improperly paid money orders, amounting to $2,153.49, were Investigated during tho year. In thirty-three Instances the amounts, the total of which was $477.73, were recovered by post office inspectors and paid over to the right ful owners; in seven cases, ia which the orders altogether amounted to $84. 15, the paying postmasters woro, after duo Investi gation, held responsible for the erroneous payment; in four, where erroneous pay mailt was directly attributable to careless ness on tho part of remitters, payees, or in dorsees, they were required to sustain tho loss, $124; in nine, the loss, $203.83 alto get her, was assumed by the Department, tho paying postmaster having been found not at fault: and In eleven it was ascertained that the orders, amounting to 236.52, had been originally paid to the proper persons. Thirty-five claims, involving the payment of $002. 19, were pending at the close of the year. The amount of unclaimed money orders, domestic and foreign, at the close of the fiscal year ia estimated by the Auditor as S1.25U.000. "There is no provision of law under which this unclaimed money can be disposed of. It would aeera to he expedi ent that a portion of it should be turned over to the Treasury for the servico of the Post-office Deportment. The Superinten dent of the money-order system suggests that it would be well to retain In tha hands of the Assistant Treasurer for the opera tions of the service a sum equal to (he amount of all unpaid money-orders during a neriod of five years next preceding the commencement of each Cscd year. It rare' ly happeus that a money-order more than five years' old Is presented for payment. It deemed expedient, In tho interest of payeos of money-orders, a longer period, for ex ample seven or ten years, might be fixed by Congress, during which tha amount of any money order would bo payahlo to the own er thereof, and beyond which tho amount of all ordors unpaid would accruo to tho United States. Although the money-order ful fills evory reasonable expectation of remitter and payee where the amount sent is considerable, a strong and growing demand has arisen since tho withdrawal of fractional currency from circulation for soma dovlce by which amounts under five dollars could be trans mitted by mall at less eost than at present. I desire to call special attention to the plan proposed by tho Superintendent for the transmission of sums less than five dollars by means of an order of a new form, to bo termed "postal-order," In which the writ ten application and the ndvice, which 4s th chief element of expense as well as of se curity, aro to be dispensed with, so that theso orders may bo issued more expedi tiously and at cheaper rates than money orders." THR STAR-ROUTE 8KRVICK, ETC. Tho Postmaster-General Is of tho opinion that" the country has reached that stage In tho progress of its material development where an effort ought to be mado to bring tbo credit nnd debit sides of the Depart ment's balance sheet nearer together. All or nearly all the long and expensive Star routes have been superseded by railroad service. The cost of tho Star-servieo ought, therefore, to rapidly decrease In tho West ern States and Territories. A careful and Impartial examination of tha Star-servlca mado during the past summor satisfied tho Department that large reductions could be mado without causing any inconvenience to the sections of country supplied thereby." A minute investigation into alleged abuses in the Star-route servico w a insti tuted by direction of tho lato Prcsidont, and Is still being prosecuted. The Post office Department has co-operated, and will continue to co-operate, with the Depart ment of Justici in this investigation. No one who has' not been directly concerned in the matter can fully appreciate the magni tude of the undertaking, the mass of record evidence examined, the difficulties of a per sonal investigation In spanely-settlod terri tories, and the results attained by tho pa tient and Intelligent labors of tho Inspectors of this Department. There can be no doubt, from tbo facts already ascertained, that tho existing statutes leave tho way open to great abuses, and that there Is abundant ground or asking a Judicial Investigation of tho transactions of tho last few years. "The one serious difficulty In tho way of brlngi ig back tho Department to a self sustaining basis is the constantly-Increasing cost of the railway mail servico. This In crease during the past 11 teal year was $487, 440. I regret to say that there is a deficiency of $478,155 for this branch of tho servico for the fiscal year ended June 3), 1881, which must be provided for, and also that there must bo an increased appropriation for the Bftm. 1 nn7.tO fnr thl flipul vtr ending June 3), 1882. The estimate for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1883, for the rail way servico is $10,055,000. There has re cently been an unprecedented growth of railroads, and this accounts largely for the enormous increase of tho cost of tho railway hcrvicc." The actual payment for tho railway-mall service during the year was $11,411,120.90. The cst for the curreut flical year will bo $12,000,001, and the estimates for 1883 aro $13,181,001. The enormous growth of rail roads in 188) and 1881, and tholr anticipated increase of mllcago In the near future, will account for a great portion of the augmented cost for tho service. There wero 401 arrests mado during the year for violation ot tne rostai laws, vi this number 424 cases were prosecuted In the United States Courts, and thirty-seven in the courts of the several States in which the arrests were made. Of the former, 188 persons were convicted, twenty-six were acquitted, threo escaped, flvo forfeited bail, twenty-four proceedings were dismissed, ono was killed while resisting arrest, and 177 await trial; thirty highwaymen were ar rested and prosecuted in United States Courts. THE CIVIL-8ERVIC8 QUESTION. "Careful observation In this Department and elsewhere has but confirmed ray con viction of the great public benefit to be do rived from conducting the public business on business principles. Some method of re lief must be provided from the overwhelm ing pressure for appointment to clerkships and other subordinate positions, and from the equal pressure for the removal of capa ble and experienced assistants to make room for ttioe who are not more compe tent. The public servico Is a public trust to which every citizen may properly aspire, and the public interest plainly demands that admission to it should not depend upon neninniil favor, because such favor can not well be impartial, and becaunfi a system of appointment by mftro influence may be readily perverted to tne promo tion of private interests and personal ambi tion. Appointment by inlluonce naturally results in making the tenure of office de pend, not upon tidolity and efficiency in the .. . . Jl-!.lJ..t.. 1.... .1. Uiscuarge oi oiiicihi uiny, imv uin hid Bullions cultivation of the favor of a patron, Such a tenure is incompatible with tho self rosnent of the incumbent, and tho service liiiist. nnenssnri v sillier irom me uccuuu ui da moa. ltut the evil consequences can not he limited to the Dtiblic service; they af fect nil political action, the purity and vigor of the (iovernmcnt, and tho :itlonal cuar- eter Use f. Ihc question, therelore, is one of far higher importance than that of the comparative fitness of clerks in the employ ment of the Government, and really con cerns the character and success of republic an institutions. " Tho first step, in my Judgment, toward the relief of the nnoointinir officers and the promotion of the groaterellieicncy and econ omy of the civil service would be a method ot "minor appointment, wilted should bo independent of per.-onal or partisan inil.i ence. In some important Government offi ces of which I have had personal knowledge, such a system is already In operation. Iu those offices minor appointments are deter mined solely by proper qualilica'.lons, as certained by impartial tests open to all ap plicants upon equal terms. 'Ihe great suc cess which has attended this method of se lection proves U practicability, while the good results, both In the service and in the character of the officers thus selected, dem onstrates its value. The extension of this method under uniform conditions is earn rstlv to be desired, both to correct familiar evils in the public service itself and to re move the still graver evils which spring from them. ' In my opinion, the same general prin ciple shouid govern the selection and re tention of employes in tills Department. The public is best served by honest, experi enced and competent officers, and changes, therefore, should be made carefully and only for reasons affecting official conduct. Mv views upon this subject are the result of prolonged official experience, and 1 am per suaded that the practical application of th"o principles would promote public mor ality, increase the economy and efficiency of the u: lie service, and assuaae the fury of party sp'nt. against which Washmgto warned the country as iu chief peril, " lower Fails and the Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone. In going from the Mammoth Hot Springs to the Falls of tho Yellowstone the tourist must abandon his wagon at Tower Falls, if he is so equipped, and pack his outfit for the trail. The dis tance for packing, however, is but eigh teen miles, if ho only desires to go to the r alls, but if the lako be one of ins ob- ective points ho must prepare for forty miles or more of packing trip by stock ing up his larder and rolling in all of his robes, for these are the coldest points in the Park, the altitude being 8,000 foot, with the exceptions of Mount Wash burne, whoso head obtrudes over all. On tins road to the Great i alls of the Yellowstone the principal point of inter est are the Tower Falls, though the, wliolo route is wild and picturesque, and if the-mrow-ia-deep-on the divide and. in. the mountains, as is the case at this sea son, tho trail will be beset with game, and elk will become a familiar Bight. Tower Falls are so called because of a towering mass of stono rising up from the verge of the precipice to a height of about 100 feet from the water, where it breaks over the ledge. 1 hese falls are noted for their simple beauty, falling in solid sheets for 150 feet, and sending showers of spray curling up from the foaming pool below. Tho volume of water is not great, Tower Creek being a small mountain stream, but the water is as clear as crystal and as cold as if drawn from a frigid fountain. Tho trail from Tower i alls bring3 the tourists to a standstill and abruptly on tho brink of an awful abyss, as it leads directly to the Grand Canyon, into the dizzy depths of which one gazes for the first time with mingled emotion of awe, and admiration. On the opposite sido of the stream the walls of the canyon rise abruptly for more than 2,000 feet, while on tins there is a gradual descent half way down of sliding cinnabar and other delicately tinted chalky forma tions, broken at intervals by towering pinn:icle3 of mineral rock, which stand out in bold relief against the brillant background. These pinnacles take on many fantastic forms, inspiring the delusion that one is looking down upon the decaying splendors of antique architecture. From the baso of these solemn sentinels, the descent to the water line is as abrupt as from surface to torrent on tho opposite side. Far be low winds the foaming current of white crested wavelets spread out like a sil very band. Although tho channel is 1G0 feet wide, it appears no larger than a trout stream. Hounding Point Look out the tourist is confronted with a full view of the falls, whore the whole vol nmo of water breaks over a rock-ribbed ledge and is riven by a big black boul der in the center, and again united rolls majestically down to a deptli of 370 feet, sending up showers of spray which elisten in the sunlight like lustrous gems under gaslight, lnu view uuuruu Doint is one of bewildering beauty. The spectacular splendors of the scene in the canyon below the falls is brightened by the effect of the roaring cataract on the senses. It is the most magnificent scenery of its class on the continent, with the single exception of the Yose mite. Above the main falls is another which alone would be a great atttraC' tion, but is dwarfed into insignificance by the lower and larger one below. Above this, still, is a scries of cascades, over which the vast volume of water from the lako above rushes and breaks into foam everlastingly. Those rapids can be heard for miles of a still night, making much more noise than the roar in? cataract at the falls. Here i3 tho imner mouth of the canyon and the be ginning of ten miles of canyon scenery that pales tne uoioraao canyons into in. sio-nificance. Cor. St. Louis UlobC' Democrat. ' renzancc. Hundreds know all about the Firates of Penzance for one who can tell what and where Penzance is. And yet it is a very realistic, flesh-and-blood town, al most at the extremity of Cornwall, in England, down near Land's End. All that country is rich ground for the tour ist, but it is rarely visited. The coast is bordered by hugo cliffs, full of "caves and holes in tho rocks," and tho region abounds in legends running way back to tho times of the Pluenicians. A good many centuries after the Eastern adven turers gathered tin there, in 1595, to be precise, Penzance was burned by the Spanish invaders, and fifty years further on it was taken by the Puritans, who won no credit by the brutal way in which they used their victory. The town is further famous as the birthplace of Admiral Lord Exmouth, in tho lust century, and Sir Humphrey Davy, the famous inventor of the safety lamp and of other useful contrivances, was born there also. In giving him to tho world the place laid claim to pcrpectual re membrance. The Penzance boys hold Daw's namo in honor, for he gave the grammar school 100, to offset which the condition was attached that the pu pils should have his birthday anniver sary for a holiday forever. A Monkey's Babies. About six months ago an admiring friend of Louis Scidlcr, the Southside saloonist, presented him with a pair of Marmosetto monkeys. They aro strange looking animals, and havo always at tracted attention. They are natives of llrazil, and are a cross between a mon key and a squirrel, having the color and fur of the latter and the faco of the for mer. In size they are between a small monkey and a largo squirrel. They are very intelligent, and know Mr. S. very well. Sunday night the female gave birth to two little ones, ono of wliich died, but the other is alive and healthy. Tho mother cried bitterly for a while over the dead one, but soon reconciled herself with the other. It is about tho sizo of a mouse, and is tho pet and pride of tho male. Tho female holds it and suckles it as a mother would a babe, but as soon as the little one is satisfied the male takes it, and with a wonderful expression of dignity, marches up and down the cago in a manner that causes ono to laugh in spite of himself. li'Aaf in'j Intclliijouxr. When you reach the plane of man hood it is duite natural that you should indulge ia a little (-having. os(m Courier. SCIENCE AXD INDUSTRY. Electrio power is now used in Gor many to deliver coal at the entrance of mines. Dr. Scondorff 's safoty lamp for col lieries is attracting attention. Tho lamp can only bo opened with the holp of a strong magnet. Sir William Armstrong, at Craig sido, near Newcastle, Endand, has util ized a brook to run a dynamo-oloetro machino by means of a turbino water wheel, and. so manages to secure eloc tricity enough to keep 37 Swan lamps in a state of ineandescence in his house. In this caso the motive power costs noth ing, and electric lighting in this way is an exceptional luxury. When the rapid increase of tho earth's motion was observed, tho idea was-advanoed that the moon's orbit was growing shorter and would end by coming down upon us. But moro recent calculation shows that instead of the moon coming nearer our day is growing longer, owing to the friction of the tides upon the earth's surface, by which tho speed of tho earth's rotation is slowly diminished. The English have admitted the suc cess of the electric light. Lamp-posts havo been erected in Bristol. The Ian- cashire and Yorkshire Railway Compa- ny lllummato their station platforms with it and regard it cheaper than gas. Alnwick Castle, tho seat of the Duke of Northumberland, has also beon illumin ated. The library, a very large apart ment, is lighted by three lamps, and tho effect is reported superior to any light before used. , By securing variety in temperature,' through planting oysters in different depths of water, as practiced in Con necticut, the Scientific American says oysters can be obtained in a fit condi tion for tho table every week in the year. The greater tho heat, tho earlier tho oysters will spawn. Those in tho deeper and colder water feel the neat later ami spawn later. Somo portion of the oyster field, so to speak, will therefore be ready for harvesting at all times. Although considered mute, insocts have the power of producing sounds by certain movements which, to somo ex tent, are characteristic of tho different species. Tho shrill chirp of the crickot Is producod by tho rubbing together oi tho wing-cases. The harsh shriek of the grasshopper is caused by friction of the legs against the wings. Tho shrill trumpet sound of tho mosquito and tho busv hum of bees ana lues rosun irom the apid motion of the wings while fly ing. The composition of buckwheat has been examined by M. G. Lechartier. Ho states that the proporion of mineral matter in the straw increases with tho weight. The straw may indeed beconio richer in phosphoric acid than the grain, uiuoimg Ium. w....m...i(, . i -. n the other cereals, rue straw oi a crop of buckwheat may contain more mineral matter than does the grain. Tho sum of tho principal fertilizers romovod from the soil by an entiro crop is much more considcrabloN than for a crop of wheat containing the samo quantity of grain. PIT1I AXD POINT. In somo of the Western cities tho papers pay so much attention to society matters that a man can't go home sober without having the incident mentioned. l'hilmklphia News. Inquirer: Docs a man's size varyP Yes, sir ; we've seon a man in a bar room treating the crowd, and ho was tho biggest man in tho town till his mother-in-law camo in and took him by the ear, and then he was a very littlu fellow. Boston 1'ost. "You are the worst boy I ever saw ! " exclaimed Brown to his son. "Why will you go on as you do? I should think you wouiu nave some respuuu iui jum father." "How can I, dad, have any respect for a man with such a rascally son?" asked the young reprobate. Bus- ton Transcript. In a couple of hundred years from this, if the Bible is again revised to suit the times, tho passage m tno parauio oi the ten virgins which reads thus, "Givo us of your oil, for our lamps havo go io out," will be changed to, "Givo us of your electrio ngnts, lor our circuit is temporarily broken." Somenille Jour- ml. Dr. llislev.of Philadelphia, speak- inc of the condition of the eyes of school clnldrcn, says, "Hypermetropic eyes aro more numerous than ootn myopio ana emmetropic ; that next to myopio astig matism, distinct lesions are most preva lent in eyes with hypermetropic astig-, matism." From this it appears that "the eyes have it" but what it is they i have is a conundrum to us, and we re gret that they have It. Norristown llcr aid. She was a Boston woman ; tall, thin, with false curls and a sour visage. Be side her sat Iter husband, a little, meek, demure-looking man, who secmod inca pable of boldness of speech or action. Presently a guest at the other end of tho table bawled out at the top of bis voice, "Waiter! fotch the vinegar cruet." Then tho demure-looking little man turned to her and said, "Dovey, some body wanta yon." Brooklyn bugle. Two gentlemen were seated upon the steps of tho houso of ono of them, on a mild evening this summor, when a very large woman, witli rustlo of volu minous silks and roll of voluminous per son, entered tho next dwelling. "Who JsthatP" asked the visitor. "Thf t," answered the master of tho house, "is my neighbor Webster's wife." "Oh, I sec," was tho ready rejoinder, "Web Btcr's Unabridged." Boston Courur. "I have returned your umbrella; much obliged," and he stood tho c ff air of ribs and alpaca in the corner and has tened away. "Well, that is a surprise. I never expected to see that again," said the owner. "Iet's see. Well, no wouder. See how the thing opens. Ev ery section broke out and every rib but ono protruding. I'd havo returned an umbrella after it got in such a shape asg that myself," and he hurried off to gct it covered, swearing never to lend again, y but he will. A man can no more refusojs to lend an umbrella than he can prevent J. himself from borrowing one. Vcie Za-w un Beginlcr, . h