Newspaper Page Text
THE S. 0. ROW
Now Complications and Proceed?
ings Against Bates. Haskell,
Cordon and Others for
Contempt.
(Spcrltd Dispatch.)
Bbistol, Aag. 14.?Judge Bolen has is
Hucd a rule ?ga?n*t H. W. Bates, Ceo. A.
Blakemore, Robert Cox, W. A. Kader, F.
?Huidekopcn J. C. Ha8keH, F. T. Barr, G.
W. Hammitt, A?:B. Whitaker, W. M. Bur
row, W. F; linc'tt, 6, i;- Burros*', W. J. Cox
and A. M. C. Sumpter.to appear before him
tomorrow at Abjtogdoni to show cause, if
any tficv can, ?rjiy they filial! rtot be attach?
ed and fined and imprisoned for contempt
Of court, in rcfuViug t<> oliev its orders.
Sheriff Hughe* has nerved tin' sum?
mons upon all the parties, except Gordon,
Haskcll, Huidckoper and Sampler, who
have not been found;
The complainants have also given
notice to the defendants that they will, on
the same dato, move to dissolve the injunc?
tion granted in the case l?y Hon. J. A.
Kclley.
The service of the summons created
considerable excitement here and there
are. many different opinions as to the legal
merits of the case and of its final out
DISSATISFIED IN KENTUCKY.
The Methods adopted by Democratic Com?
mittees funning Deep Disgust and
Strengthening (he Farmers
Alliance,
(Special IM?pntrii.)
Lui'isville, Aug. 14.?Considerable dis
satisfaction lias liceu caused in several
sections of the state by the despotic and
corrupt action of many of the local demo?
cratic committes in securing the uominn
tions of several unpopular and incompe?
tent men for Hie different offices, and in
whipping in voters to support them in
spite of the protests of the better element
in the community. In Jefferson county
to instance,the local committee nominated
English for the Constitutional Convention
before the legislature had passed the act
authorizing such n convention. Thcirac
tion caused considsrablc dissatisfaction,
and the commit-too was agnin called to?
gether by the chairman. Hut so great was
the disgust among the committee them?
selves that only half of them attended the,
meeting. Ar illey Sucked one oi a quorum,
this defective hotly elected a member to
lake tho place of one who had resigned
because of his disgust the proceedings,
and proceeded tu-rcnounnatc English, who
was elected over Judge Bullitt, though he
was in no respect fitted for the position,
aiid Judge iiullitt was eminently qualified
to till it. Public sentiment now loudly
demands a reorganization of the party
upon a [Hirer basis, and Gen. Custlcinun,
chairman of the State Central Committee,
is tuking f11-j??< to secure a reform of the
party machinery.
It has been ascertained that the
farmers Alliance, w hich is growing in the
Rale, and causing the politicians much
?**|nusapprelieiiMon.suceecdcd in electing
members of the Constitutional Con
lion. Tlii> organization has suddenly
?loped unexpected Strength, anil is cx
jding its membership so rapidly us to
beaten serious results to the regular
locratic organization. The dissatisfac
ii at the methods adopted liv the local
piocratic committees in various coun
hus served to give the movement
jmlarity and strength. .Many believe it
pi soon sweep the state, as it has done
[Georgia and Alabama.
Cardinal Newman's Death.
?soon, Aug. 11.?The funeral services
[the death of Cardinal Xewmau, the
i>nt Roman Catholic prelate, have
I progressing for the past two days
litre \ impressive. Thousands of
rWvs have attended the services, both
lestniit - mid Catholics, as he was the
1st popular dignitary in the Catholic
lurch. Mr. Gladstone; among man*
^other eminent persons, was present, the
two having been elosc personal friends for
a period of over fourty wars.
..'tJa^dina! Newman'was a learned eccle
istic, free fn in sectarian bitterness and
hnticism. and his foajta \* to?p\\
Vurnod by all classes.
OphgreM.
fAWHXOTox, Aug. 14.?It is understood
^tariff bill will come to a tinal vote
30. I'rutesht continue to pour in
.ist the force bill and it is not liklv
j^the modified measure of tho Senate
passed at the present session, if at
jjral republican Congrussmon have
fly returned from a visit to their
?rs in the Western States, and thev
?>rt there is no demand for the passage
uch a measure, but much opposition to
it
Killing front*.
.Johnson City, Aug. 14.?Severe frosts
,ire reported to have occurred Tucsdav
Wednesday nights all through the
"plains of Xorth Carolina. Tho leaves
recs are discolored and vegetables
The mercury was down to :{0
rt C
?vy, trig
frockott's Monument.
14.?The corner stone of
left monument will be laid
J'lr-ong's Springs. Cid. Rob
grandson of the famous
*iseut. A large crowd of
! acted to attend.
arfi-,1
on t]
jwagly fav,
?pt. Gordci:
p tho engineers who have
??'"?tirvoying enterprise are
?>!? to the tunnel project.
(sayi the tunnel need not
^7, " in length, and can lie cut at
iwiy et lirr! estiu\iN d.
'big stone gap, van
What has been done toward Laying
the Foundation for the Future
Mineral Metropolis of
the Nation.
INTERESTING RKSUMK OFTHjB WORK.
It will be :i matter of interert to the
readers of the Powf;not only af a distance,
Lin niso i" many ;it home, t? know iIh
exact status ?f our variona public im?
provements. With :i view to giving the
public tili- information; a representative'
of the Post has made a cam as* of those
having charge of these various works, and
gathered th" following items:
THK ELECTRIC L10HTS.
The electric light works arc about com?
pleted and light will be furnished in a few
days. A substantial building, 80x40 feet,
stands tm the island between plats '?> and
4, in which is as complete an outfit of
machinery as any city can boast of. The
engine aiid boiler lias a capacity of 100
horse-power. The arc light machine has
a capacity of 50 lights and the incandes?
cent machine a capacity of <>*>D lights.
There is already up about miles of wire,
and 200 iiiccndescent lights have been put
into buildings. For the present, the city
is to have 41 arc lights, distributed as fol?
lows: On plat I, including the space up to
Hotel Del Monte and the Imboden reser?
vation, 22 lights; on plat 7 light*; on
pint ">, 12 lights. The Thompson-Houston
company has the contract, and their
agents, Messrs. Coolcy, of Cincinnati, and
King, of Winchester, Ivy., have been very
efficient in pushing the work.
TIIK WATKIt-WORRS.
The Glamorgan Iron company, of Lynch
burg, wlio have the contract to erect the
water-works,have made their surveys,ami
located their pipe lines from the reservoir,
(Mi the mountain side, six miles up the
south fork of Powell's river, to the town.
A portion of their mains is on the ground
now, and the balance is being cast at the
foundry. They will begin very shortly to
put down the pipes, and will doubtless
complete the system by NovemberJ, the
contract time.
THK STRKKT CAB \m? uki.t RAILWAY LINKS.
Track laying began on the dummy line
on the 12th instant. dipt. Thos. Walker
and his corps are pushing the work in
great forin. Three miles of steel rails are
now in the S. A.&O. yards, ami the cross
ties are rapidly being put in place. Two
miles of the track will be laid at once,
from the upper end of plat ?">, through the
Imboden reservation, and down Wood
avenue to West 5th and the river. Two
dum my engines and two passenger conches
are at the depot. For freight traffic the
Hat cars of the S. A. & O. will be used
until the regular freight cars of the line
are built dipt. Walker is expecting
orders to begin work on the belt rood its
soon as the dummy line is completed.
When once begun,the work will he pushed
to completion with energy.
TOl'LAIi HILL IIOTKL.
Work has not begun on this much de?
sired structure. I( is understood that the
Improvement company is negotiating with
a company of Boston capitalists with a
view to the hitter's taking the eight acres
of ground and erecting a ^l?O.lllll) brick
or concrete hotel, after the plan accepted
by the company at their last annual meet?
ing, and it is thought the negotiations
will be successful. This will relieve the
improvement company of a heavy drain
upon its cash assets, and allow that sum
to go into other improvements, while the
public will be equally benefited by the
erection of this great building. It is to
be hoped that this plan, or some other
feasible plan, will be adopted s,peedily.
and the work pushed forward. Nothing
in the (lower of the company can better
tibow that they mean business, or better
strengthen the confidence of property
holders; and the public, generally, than
the assurance of this great enterprise.
THE IKON rCIt.NACKS.
Messrs. Byrd and Peters, the managers
oi the furnace company, are men of
business push, and from long
training are intimately acquainted with
all the principles and details of
the iron business. Mr. E. J. Byrd, one of
the leaders in this important, movement,
has had a wide range of experience ex?
tending through nearly forty years, and
in several countries of the Old World and
all the iron-making states of the New. He
has been connected with the building or
management of many very important
iron and steel plant in this country. With
all this practical knowledge Mid ?ipwi
encc behind him. he has settled on Big
Stone ( ? ap as the one place which com- I
bines in the highest degree all the essen?
tial elements entering into the cheapest
production of iron and steel, and hero he
has pitched the crowning work of his
life?two splendid turenecs with the com?
bined capacity of 1400 tons of pig iron
pur week. Mr. Byrd confidently claims
that he can make from the coke "and the
ores, which lie here in two miles of each
other, a pig tiro dollar* per ton cheaper
and three dollar* per ton better than can
be made ut Birmingham,-or anvwhere
else!
It is no wonder then that ho and his
partner, Mr. Peters, are pushing their
furnaces to completion as rapidly us pos?
sible. Mr. Byrd is superintending the
work here, and the heavy nmsonrv on the
foundations is going forward satisfacto?
rily. Trumwnys connect the foundations
with stone quarries near bv The furnace
sites adjoin the S. A. k O.K. R. and this
road and the L. & N. will run switches
into the yards.
Mr. Peters, aided by biff. Jenkins, late
of the S.A.&O., is at East St. Louis,
11-, superintending the dismantling of
; the two furnaces, and their shipment here,
ilt will be remembered these furnaces
?cre built there two years ngo and were
j not used at all, to speak of, owing to the
! giving out of the ores at Iron Mt, and
Other adverse circumstances. These geu
Hemen expect to be in shape to blast in
aboui eight months or less time.
THK CORK I'LASTS.
? TU ?Yl?rI?ia Coal ftU(1 lron company,
through their manager, Mr. J. K.Taggart,
0,Min..|l?vill,.. have Kegttn the.'e
? vwvhvv? ?kV. ..??^?k:ii..:
^Oftl lands. It will ho rememborod that
5hw E. B. Leiscnring, one of tho coke
kinpStvof Pennsylvania, is president of
this company, and that they own here
Konio fifty or sixty thousand aero of the
host coal lands. Mr. Taggart, assisted by
Capt. Henry Webb, lale city engineer of
this city, has for two months past, had a
largo corps of engineers and miners at
work making traces of the coal bods on
Callahan and PreachersCreeks and tribu?
tary streams, and making openings in the
seams every 1500 feet. The main vein,
known as the ''Imhoden vein." has been
j.successfully traced through the greater
part of this territory, and found t" he of
i an average thickness cii about seven feet,
[remarkably free from slate and other im
j purities, and of ?> t|iia!j'y, .'or coking sec?
ond scarcely to any eojfl on the Lontlnciit.
Mr. Taggart, who lias formany yhars lie.cn
manager of some of the lendjjug coke
plants at Conncllsvillc, is greatly delight
'cd with tiie outlook here. He reports this
great territory of coal mostly above
drainage, easily accessible l?v railroads,
and an abundance of level lands at hand
on the water courses on which to con?
struct ovens. In short, all the elements
cotibine for the successful manufacturing
of the cheapest coke and of the finest
quality.
Both the L. & N. und the S. A. & 0. are
preparing to run spur tracks up the
streams named, and Mr.Tuggort will then
build at once '100 or more ovens, to be
followed in the future by an indefinite
number. He is now building and will
shortly be operating a trial oven.
It if on the foundation of coal luid iron
that the destiny of Big Stone Cap rests,
and with such showings as Messrs. Tag- j
gort and Byrd make in their respective
departments, who can doubt the future?
THE IXTERSTATE TUNNEL.
' This great scheme with the incalculable j
benefits it will bring to Big Stone Gap
seems to he materializing in good shape, j
Capt. \V. F. Gordon, the chief engineer.!
has secured Capt. Bishop, of Petersburg, an ;
engineer of fine reputation to take charge j
of the field work, and the latter gentle?
man moved last week into camp on. the
proposed line with u splendid corps of as?
sistants, fifteen in number. The firsf en?
campment is on Callahan Creek about six
miles from the town. Capt. Bishop- has
made a partial preliminary examination
of the proposed routes, and is confident
that n line can be secured, .with a maxi
mum grade of only liti feet to the mile, up j
to and through Big iBIack Mountain.:
down upon the Poor Kork of the Cumber-;
land, and up the same, to and through
Pino Mountain and out into a section in
Letcher county, Ky., where good diverg?
ing lines in all directions can be secured,
all for two million dollars, or less. This
estimate includes the double-track fun?
nels! and double-track lines front this
point to the western terminus. If his ac?
tual survey and estimates, bring the
amount to approximate two million dol?
lars, there seems every assurance that the
scheme will he carried out, and that with?
out delay. Capt. B:.-hop expects to fie
out for four or more months with his
corps, surveying diffeacnt routes and de?
termining upon the best.
TIIK MOUNTAIN t'AKK ASSOCIATION.
This rather aesthetic, but highly impor?
tant feature in the development of our
city, is not slumbering. An accurate sur?
vey is now being puide of the boundary of
.'1,000 acres, which it will be remembered
includes that wonderfully rich and pic- I
turcsquc "High Knob" and neighboring
peaks and depressions, with a view to in?
closing it, and fitting up as a game pre?
sent ami building upon "The Knob" a
rustic hotel or club house. As soon as
practicable the dummy line will be ex?
tended to it. and also beautiful drive-ways
made.
Ol*ii IIAI1.-KOADS.
Work all along the lines is progressing j
satisfactorially . The S. A. A O. lias set- I
tied into a very creditable road, with two]
passenger trains each way per day. and j
sufficient freight train accommodations.
A suitable freight depot has boon erected.
A passenger depo! is badly needed. This
road has poshed through the Gap, and is
about completed up into tho coal fields on
Loony Creek.
The L. X. road-bed is merely graded,
and is a first-class bed in all particulars.
Track-laying is advancing this way rapid?
ly from Cumberland Gap, and those in
authority say it will reach us by Novem?
ber 1st They will immediately [tush their
track-laying on from hero out into the
coal fields through the Gap, and on to
Norton. A spur up Preacher Creek is al?
ready being graded. They will run out
spurs in all directions to the coal and iron
mines. Cruding is now being pushed on
the switch yards, turn-tables, etc., on tho
land Known as the'Southwest Virginia
MUW.TWA LwWVi CMVvp'.VnS'* *i YftvA, jus*! \VQ\oTI
and opposite the lower end of "Plat!" It
is said this company will build a very
handsome depot.
Tho X. & W. road is ,pushing its work
westward to Norton, twelve, miles above
us where it makes a juncture with the
L. & X., with all possible dispatch. It is
thought they will reach Norton earlv
in
The E. T. V. & G. extension is being
graded north from Rogersville, Tonn., and
tho Kentucky Union is completed to Jack?
son, and only awaiting tho settling of tho
tunnel question to begin pushing on horc.
Several other Kentucky roads are heading
this way, and it is almost the decree of
nature that they must come to Big Stone
Gup tor an eastern outlet, or eastern and
south-eastern connections.
other internal imi'uoVemexts.
The citizens, both individually and col?
lectively as represented in the city coun?
cil, are awakening to the importance of
improvements of all kinds, chiefly of pub?
lic and private buildings, grading, paving
and macadamizing streets, etc. The air
is no longer pregnant with speculative
talk, but there is everywhere among our
citizens an impulse to build, and improve.
The council has taken steps toward
levying and collecting the taxes for this
year and it is estimated that some eight
or ton thousand dollars will bo derived
from this source, all of which will
be expended upon tho streets in various
ways. The most frequented streets of the
town will have the sidewalks brought to
grade and 'substantial plank walks put
down, tho expenses to be borne by the
holders of abutting property, uad an at
tornov f?t?n? employed to frame a sot
'.??;.?-'.? twwj -nid"? miccs . tb'if will meet
I , ',
! the requirements of collecting this tax. It
j is probable that u considerable- amount of
macadamizing will bo dorn?.
The Improvement Company's bridge
over Powell's River at E. 5th street, is to
be built at once.
, Several church buildings are being put
j into shape for contracts, some very haiid
i some ones are spoken of and will no doubt
'. materialize. The City Hall is being agi
; ted. Contracts have beeil, or are being,
j let for.' great nuinberof residences, many
I of tl.< in' large and elegant. There are
; several hue blocks of business house s un
| der discrtssion. some of which are nt the
point of contract, and are all to be large,
; and substantial brick and stone buildings.
Our Building and Investment Cbmpahj
has its arrangements about completed to
, enter upon the building of from one to
; three hundred tenement cottages,
j Altogether there is a much more healthy
j and hearty tone among pur citizens. The ;
; spirit >>(' iuihroreiiwvt is in the a|r, and be
? fore the winter months, we shall have in ;
! this valley of surpassing beauty,abundant
evidences that the restless and resistless
! title has set in which is to make here a
! mighty and commercial city. it. t. i.
Financial.
General trade has been somewhat rc
; stricted by extreme heat and much solici
j tilde lias been excited respecting the crops.
I Chicago advices intimate that it is likely
I the drought and hot weather may curtail
I the consumption of goods in sections where
the damage is most serious, but up to the
latest dates very few orders had been call
celled'. In New York, among dry goods
jobbers, there is an improved demand,
I trade being better both there and in the
interior than for several years at this sea?
son. The prices of commodities, tea ex?
cepted, are not perceptibly affected by
silver legislation. Although i! is a coin-j
cidonce quite noticeable that a feverish i
speculation in produce, with wide Huctuu-1
! tions in prices, has characterized tin- deal
iligs of the week?bar silver rising
I and gold leaving the country. As to the
corn belt, the latest dispatches say the
drought is now broken. Com during the
week advanced about six cents per bushel.
Wheat is a shade lower, with considerable
selling on foreign account. Provisions
are stronger. A cable front llio speaks of
a strong combination to control the Bra?
zilian coffee market. The Western petro?
leum exchanges and the New York Con?
solidated Exchange agreed to list the
Ohio Pipe Line certificates. A Chicago
special says: The new bill of lading ad?
opted by the Centra! Traffic Association,
and containing the words "not negotia?
ble," was thrown out by the Commercial
National Bank on Saturday. Shippers are
using roads which have not adopted it.
The Interstate Commission sent out its
expected order reducing rates on grain
and breadstuff's west of the Mississippi
River.
Gold exports equal to $6,500,000 during
the week and the uncertainties caused by
silver speculation disturbed the money
market to an unusual degree, so that
?banking institutions are keeping their
funds well in hand, loaning very little ex
eept on call. Time money, in consequence,
is tinner, despite large disbursements by
the Treasury. Other disbursements, on
account of interest and dividends payable
August 1, reached the unprecedented total
of $ 19,(H)0,0(M). Money sn call was quoted
-I In 7 %. Time money, 1 % for (ill days.
? > % Cor four months and ?">'., % for six
months, on approved collateral. Commer?
cial paper quiet. The best double-name
paper is ipiotcd at ."> @ .">'., '!??'. and prime
single name at ">'._. (a ti
Exports of merchandise from New York
for the week were $5,843,700; total since
January 1, SjilOS^VHM), against $202,505,
000 for the same time last year; imports
fur the week, $12,101,000, und since Jan?
uary I. $325,503,000, as compared with
$300,202,000 last year.
COST OF MAKING PIG IRON.
OVERWHELMING ARGUMENTS IN SL'l'
I'OKT OF THK SOUTH AS A REGION
FOR MAKING CHEAT IRONSET
FORTH IN COMMISSIONER
WRIGHT'S REPORT.
(From the Manufacturer*' Kecord.)
When,the Department of Labor was
established by Act of Congress in 1HSS
the cominissiner of labor was specially
charged with the duty tf ascertaining at
the earliest possible date, and whenever
changes should make it essential, the cost
of producing in the United States and
leading countries of the world articles at
the time dutiable in this country. The
Bcope of the investigations thus provided
Cut tea.* vet}' Iwuwi, ttk? emmnissuvner of
labor being instructed to base his inquiries
upon definitely specified units of produc?
tion, und to show in his results the different
elements of cost, including the wages paid
in.each industry per day, week, month or
year, the profits of manufacturers, etc.
Immediately upon assuming the position
of commissioner of labor, Hon. Carroll D.
Wright formulated his plans for this elabo?
rate work of investigation, and the aguuts
and experts of his office have boon at work
since December, 188frt, gathering tho rc
1 quired material. In undertaking this work
Mr. Wright selected as a basis the more
importaui industries, upon which the minor
industries largely depend. The industries
which Mr. Wright chose for this purpose
were iron and steel,cotton and wool, glass,
linen, silk and earthenware. A vast amount
of material has been gathered by the de?
partment relative to these subjects, aud
although the work is still far from comple?
tion, tlie urgent demand for information
upon subjects now under discussion in the
consideration of tariff legislation, has ne?
cessitated the issuance* of a preliminary
report by Mr. Wright upon the cost of
producing pig iron, steel ingots, steel mils,
coal, coke, iron ore and limestone.
Like all of the statistical handiwork of
the present commissioner of labor, the
report that has just been- presented to
Congr? ss is marked by its general ?iccuraey
and its intelligent grasp, of the subjects
under consideration. . Naturally the work
is one of great difficulty, as it La anything
but an easy matter to induce a manufac?
turer' to open his books to a government
official and reveal the uttermost secretaTof
.the cost* of'his labor and materials and
the orur)fs upon his products;' It was duly
in rhi* manner, however, that the desired
results could he obtained, and fortunately
Mr. "Wright was able to find a sufficient
number of manufacturers who were willing
I to give the desired information to make
I his work at once successful and valuable,
and although their identity is carefully
I cofcoale u the country is under lasting
j obligations to those manufacturers, who
have generously disclosed such valuable
information for the public benefit; All of
. the figures that are embodied in the report
were taken directly from the hooks and
pay-rolls of the different establishments,
iti'l their accuracy cannot, thoriyfo're, be
questioned.
In his treatment of the cost of making
pig iron. Mr. Wright has selected for his
preliminary report the figures of II ?"> dif?
ferent establishments, each of which is
designated by a number. There is scarcely
a clew to the identity of any of flu- con?
cerns, and there is no indication of their
location beyond a broad grouping ol the
works in two grand divisions?Northern
and Southern. The distribution of the
establishments is as follows: Northern
district?Illinois. 'A; Indiana. 1: Maryland,
I: Michigan, :2; Missouri.!; New York.
A: Ohio, l!t; Pennsylvania, 35; West Vir?
ginia. I; Wisconsin. I. Southern district?
Alabama. Ill; Georgia, 1; Tennessee, fi;
Virginia, (i. The foreign establishments
are: Belgium, 6; France,!; Germany, 4; j
Great Britain, 8.
The information that is given by Mr.
Wright is presented without comment or
analysis. It is simply submitted in bulk,
and it is left for the reader to digest it for
himself or else await the completion of
the final report. To analyze the array of
figures would require the compass of a
volume, and the most that can be done |
within the limits of this article is to draw |
from the figures a few details that bearj
most directly Upon the iron industry of the :
South. After all the discussion and iirgu- j
inent that has hinged .upon the cost of
making iron in tin- South, and after the j
often harsh criticism that has been called j
forth by figures presented to show how
cheaply pig iron could lie made in the;
South, it is certainly refreshing to read in.
Mr. Wright's carefully compiled tables a
confirmation of some of the "Southern pig
iron fables.'' The figures not-only show the
measure of the advantage that the South
enjoys, but they also reveal in very specific ,
terms the exact character of that ad
va ntage.
Let us first compare the total cost per
ton, run of furnace. North and South, and
for this the "deadly parallel column" will
serve:
AOIiRKOATK OK ALT. COSTS PKtt ToX 0? 3341) I.IIS. !
Xnrtli. Smith.
So. Out. No. Cwt.
1.$1:1.207 1.* 9.634
2. 12.820 2. IO.J07
:t. 13.238 :i.11.741
4. 14.?11 4. IVM?
3.14.*? s. 8.553
r,.i:i.ciw 0.. 11.77?
7. 1X171 7. ?.S,Sl
S. 15.49? S. lll.Si
!>. 15.438 !?. 12.S1.-I
10. 13.803 10.. .. ?.441
11 12.434 11 9.10] !
12 . 15.770 12. lll.KllI I
1.1 ... 13.630 1.1.. 10.822
14 14.594 14. . It 14ii
1.-.. 14..",22 13 _ 0.830
10 . . 14.117? Iii. 9.033
17. 12.7*5 17. 10.1?? I
IN. . 1S.580 18. 12.H71
1? .. 141010 19 . lii.trj.-,
2n. 13.673 20. 12.403
21. 13.997 31. W.iii:
22. 14.730 22. 12.?!:!
2.1. 13.1107 ?. .. 1IL4X2 j
24. 14.858 24. 11.592 |
23. 14.201 23. 11.825 j
Of these furnaces, Nos. K, !), LI. 14, l!t j
and r20 of tho Northern group used mixed i
anthracite coal and coke; Nos. r2,4 and L2 j
used bituminous coal and coke, while No.:
I ran on all bituminous coal. No. Hi of,
the Southern group used bituminous coal j
and coke. All of the other furnaces used |
all coke fuel.
The elaborate details which the tables I
give enable one to trace with ease tin
elements of advantage or disadvantage in
the cost in each case. In the elements of
cost that go to make up the iota's given
above, materials figure in each case as
shown by the following table:
COST OF MATERIALS I'KR TOX OK ITOIUVT. NORTH.
Cinder, Muv
N.i. ore. Sc rap, etc. -a >in-. Coke; Total i
I .. I5.37H 11.0*1 fO.667 *:<?7n (11.115
2_1JSK ...? .268 3.357 11.147
3.. . 6.671 1.003 3.307 11.492 j
4.... 8.044 .1?? 278 3.9B8 12.5191
5 . . 6.837 .isi) .4i(i 4.679 12.506 '
. 7 510 .431 3.320 U.S61
7 . 7.160 1.410 Jtt7 2.105 11.502 i
S.... 7.4M .531 .06? 4.71(1 13;607
9.... 7.435 .652 4.915 13.002
10.... OJlw 1.2*2 .4H4 3.776 I1.N97
II 5.745 1.'Hi7 386 3.234 !0372j
12.... 7.492 1.493 .429 4.200 1316601
13. 4.26S 1.559 .457 4.3s2 I'.i.sKI ?
14 0.105 .611 S'll 4 284 11.058)
15_ li.SIW _ .735' 4.700 12.247 ?
1? 6.344 1.371 1.214 2.425 11.354
17.... 4.6S1 1.57? 1.236 2.185 ?.7(10
15 0.410 1.414 .964 MIH6 10.783
111.... 5.HU9 .6H5 .837 4.229 11.650
20.... 4.905 .573 1.325 4.436 11.1:?
21.... 6.366 .7!? .404 3.054 10.624
23.... 7.925 .083 .561 3.644 12/723
2.3... 5.790 .163 .tea A.S'H W.iVi1
24:..: 8.780 . .. .256 3.0*7 13.112
25.... 6.250 .:?7 .336 4.975 11.917
An analysis of the cost totals for tho
twenty-five Southern ostablisments gives
the cost of materials as below:
COST OK HATJCIUAW r?!B TON Of rUonfCT, KOCTII.
Cinder, Uiae
Nu. Ore. Scrap, etc. stone Coke. Total.
1 .11.561 ? .007 $ .4ns *5.197 ?7.173
2.... 3.165 .477 4.560 7.2??
3.... 3.313 .... .328 5.491 ?.334
4 ... 3.340 .. . .365 4.6(H) 8.305
3.... 1.653 .7H9 3.572 6.013
6.... 3.663 .101 .646 4.701 8.110
7.... 2.587 .?99 .397 4.471 7.554
8 .. 3.021 ... J15 5.068 8.404
9 . 4.311 .752 5.784 10.747
10. ...- 2.(!?6 .293 4.237 7.216
II . 1.960 . .324 4.243 6.527
13 ... 1.9*1 .010 .381 5.033 7,417
13.... 4.366 .229 4.3*2 8.877
14 .. 3.643 .131 .560 4.991 9.328
15.... 3.959 .714 3.258 7.920
16.. . 3.048 .235 4.157 8.340
17.... 3.7.'? .134 .520 4.263 8.656
18 .. 4.151 . .493 4.931 0.575
19.... 4.977 . 3.878 8.855
20... 4.935 .810 4.021 3.766
21... 3,417 483 4.264 8.164
22 . 4.215 .061 5.397 10,573
23.... 4.694 .704 3.018 8.414
24 . 5.066 .758 3.M8 9.M0
25.. 4.003 ... .771 4.488 9.362
The point that is brought, forward most
pronfineutly by these two tobies is the
greater relative cheapness of the ores
used by the Southern furnaces. The
smallest cost per ton of .iron for ore to
the Northern furnaces is seen tobe $4?(k>,
which is the figure given for No. 13,
while the highest cost for ore iu thie
group is $tf,7(i? in the casa ofNo.sU.
As compared with the extremes the South?
ern, furnace* ahow $lJ>tn OS the lowest
ore cost per ton-of the product, and fo.OtKi
as the highest--??o?; I and ?4 respective-.
Iy.. The other elements of eo*t that gt> to
make up thaaggregaVearenot of sufficient
significance to necessitate their consider*
Atlon at anv length, although they are
! all carefully sot forth in Mr. Wright's re?
port. Tho labor cost per ton does not
vary materially between'' the North and
South, nor is there any marked difference
' in the allowances made for superinfen
j donee and clerical work in the two groups
j under consideration, although those items
: aro slightly larger in the case of the North?
ern plants. The average payments for
; taxes are also very near alike, and the
i same may bo said of the allowance for
supplies and repairs. None of these
items, therefore call for further itten
j tioti; t 1
There is mitch of both interest and
I profit in a closer analysts and study of a few
; of the more notable o'f the eases of low
e ist that are presented in the rubles Hint
: have been given. Thanks to Mr. Wright's
mil.ore details there is nothing lacking
? save the names of different eshiblifdi
1 ments. Let us first, take the cheapest
: iron made in the South,-and examine the
i conditions under which it wrs produced.
The furnace designed as No. 5 shows the"
lowest cost. $8,553 per ton. Although
no due to its identity is given this is evi?
dently one of the finely equipped modern
stacks in the Alabama district. It is a
single stack 75 feet high by 17 feet bosh,
with four stoves and two blowing engines.
The period of operation upon which the
Bgures of cost were calculated was a run
of 365 days from January I, ISSJf to De?
cember 31, 1880. The aggregate output
of the furnace during that time was
41/272 gross tons of pig iron, an average
of 113 tons pci'day. The fuel used was
coke, made at the furnace from coal mined
one mile distant, the fuel costing at the
furnace $2.545 per ton. The ore was a
mixture of about two thirds hard red fos
siliferous.Tcdntaiiting 52.2110 percent-"riie
talic iron, with one-third brown hcraitite,
running 48.1130 per cent, metalic iron.
These ores were mined twenty miles dis?
tant from the furnace and their average
cost laid down at the furnace was $0.S4I
per ton. including freight charges at 25
cents per toil. In fact, the ore seems to
'nave cost but a.trifle more than the lime?
stone, which paid a freight charge of 35
cents for a 30-mile haul and was figured
to cost at the furnace $0.755 per ton. A
recapitulation of all tb>"> elements of cost
in the production of iron |>j this furnace
gives flie following result:
Ore, 1.904 ton*, at $0.841 per ton $1.0T>2
Ul.lone, 1.1)44 one-. .ii ?'fa.T.Vi per Ion.7s9
Coke, *.403 toiis,at $2.54.V per ton . ::.."?7*J
Totalenst "'.ill nwt?*ri(il.?6.013
Labor . (UCI
Officials :inil clerks.420
Supplies .out n'puirs. . . .4im
Taxes..- .?37
- 2.540
Total of nil owl |>w toll.$KJ153
After such a statement of extreme low
cost in the South, it is but fair that a
similar showing should be made of the
elements in the highest cost of production
by a Southern plant. The highest cost
given is $12.013 per ton for the furnace
designated as No. 22. This is a much
smaller stack, measuring 61 feet in height
? by l-'._. feet ho-h. an I having an aver?
age daily output of about 38 gross tons.
This furnace ran on a lean browu henin
riti?al.on; 42.500 percent, metalic iron?
mined within a mile of the furnace. Coke
was used exclusively, paying a freight
charge of 85 cents nerton tor a haul of
120 miles. The elements in the cost of
this iron may be stated thus:
Of, 2.3711 lops, .hi f 1.772 per ton. .f4.215
Mniesttin?,1.290 tons, ot ?1.74? per ton . .981
Oike, 1.421 tons, in 18.787 per Ion. .VW
T?t it cosl .if .ill nut.ii.il- .$lo.",7:i
I-Jilwr .11.4*4
Official* mill clerks. .. . .172
Snppll** hKI n>|Nilni ... . .014
Taxen .. ....?70
-2.:wi>
Total of ;i!l conto per ton. . .|12.0i:t
It is not necessary t" present further
figures for the Southern furnaces, those
fha' have already been given indicating
their general diameter and the advanta?
ges (hat lie upon the sjde of the iron
mak'i rs in the Southern States. Rut the
..i!t..i-r between tlx conditions of the
N>>.tii and South will not be complete
without an analysis of the figures of
i representative Northern coke furnace'.
Lei ii? take No. 11 of the Northern group,
whose totaloi $12,424 is Hie lowest cost in
that division. This furnace is only (,.'t
feet Iwgll by 14 feet bosh, but it is a good
producer, as is shown by its output of
32,600 tons in u run of 357 duvs, between
June 1, 1.888, und May 31, 188!}, and aver?
age of f)| tons per day. The ores used
were specular, magnetic und hematite of
about 61 per e.-nt, metallic iron, evidently
from the bake Superior region, as freight
is figured at per foil for transportation
by rail ami a lake distance of l,IMMI miles.
Limstonii was quarried 20 miles distant,
and paid 40 cents freight, while the coke
came 125 miles and paid$1.35 per ton. The
elements of cost in this iron may be sum?
marised as follows:
Ore, 1.237 tons, at |4.W". por t.m.|5,74.>
t Cinder, wrnp, .-ic.^if o.:e? innmat 12.59* pr ton. 1007
Umstone, 0.47.'? Urns, at $o.si4per ton.:w?S
j Coke, 1.17S tons, at IU.74,1 per (on. . 3.234
Total cost of all material*.110.372
j Ubor.ft .404
(IfHclals Jsi.i dork*.159
, Supplies ami repairs-.404
j Tax<!S. j.02."?
I Total of costs per ton.112.424
j. The remoteness of the source of ore is a
j conspicuous feature of the showing made
j by this furnace. To be sure, the ore is
rich and is therefore able to stand a long
j transportation, but is nevertheless more
j expensive than the leaner ores of the
I South upon which there is short trans
1 portation. The Northern furnace enjoys
: the advantage of eheuper coke, although
! paying higher freights by more than 50
per cent. Here lies one of the greatest
obstacles with which Pennsylvania iron
makers have to contend, namely, high rail
freights. It is not necessary to look be?
yond the tablet- given above for conclu
i sive evidence of this. Here is a Southern
.furnace that pays 85. cents ' per ton for a
120-mile haul on its coke, while the
r Northern (presumably Pennsylvania) fur?
nace pays $1.35 for a haul of 125 miles.
There are numberless other deductions
that can be drawn from the great mass of
figures which Mr, Wright has prcseuted
in his preliminary report, ami a goodly
volume might be filled without difficulty
in ait endeavor to makp an exhaustive
analyst^- .of the -statistic*. . Despite the
tedious work that is neee*sary to assem?
ble the various elements of cost f but are
given wfl|v8nch gteat care, this pVelimi-'
nary repc*H**f.:ll of iuterast to any iron
raaksr, ?nd if Mr. Wright's completed a>
port%'shallpftwaaR ^iwl merit and <ur^
: ?et, iV\v wW W valuable Indeed. Jr
