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CHIT4RBI I ;CltsLS' `SCHOOLS.
4vevameunt rget to Establish Thsnsby .
a Shanghai Newpaper.
The Shen Pao discusses the re
vival of girls' schools. There is an
ancient saying: "If a woman is with
out ability, that is her virtue." This
is the language of a very limited mind.
The Book of Odes frequently extols
certain ladies on account of their pos
sessing both talent and virtue. One ,
section of the Book of Rites treats of ,
the rules of decorum proper for fe
males. In the Han dynasty a lady i
named Ts'ao wrote a history. In the
Sung dynasty a lady named On Yang
Mu was a famous painter. These fe- 1
males must have certainly studied the
Book of Odes, or they could not have
done what they did. In Shun Chih's
time his mother wrote a book on do
mestic affairs, for the use of women,
that they might understand the doc
trines of the sages for the regulation ,
of the family and the pacification of ;
the empire. The government should
not postpone the establishment of
girls' schools -'ou ask: Is there any
truth in the ancient saying quoted
at the head of this article? We reply
there is undoubtedly some truth in
it, for we have frequently observed
that women who are guilty of great
evil are often versed in books, and in ]
those cases one could wish that the ,
natural obfuscation of their minds
had never been removed. But, after
all, such wicked females have not
really been enlightened, for if they
had they would be like those excel
lent ladies mentioned above, in whose
works (1) filial piety, (2) reverence,
(3) instruction, (4) etiquette, (5) ]
courtesy, (6) compassion, (7) diligence 1
are held up as female accomplish
ments.-Shanghai Mercury.
METARGON AND HELIUM.
Recantation of Two Supposed Scientific c
Discoveries.
Recantation of a supposed scien
tific discovery is made by Prof. Wil
liam Ramsay, F. R. S., and Morris
Travers. The year 1898 was notable 4
for announcemerts regarding the
presence in atmospheric air of the
inert gases krypton, neon, metargon
and xenon, companions of that mag
nificent and earlier achievement of
Lord Rayleigh and Prof. Ramsay, the
gas argon. But metargon must be
eliminated; it has not stood the test
of further and more elaborate investi
gation on the part of its joint authors.
They have failed to isolate metargon,
and the original statement referring t
to this supposed new gas and its ac
companying spectrum is withdrawn
with suitable publicity.
Another scientific withdrawal in
this department has not received due 4
prominence. It was announced on <
May 10, 1898, that by means of the
temperature of liquid hydrogen Prof. ]
Dewar had liquefied a specimen of
helium extracted from Bath gas. It
appears from a recent statement by
Prof. Dewar that "it is now safe to say
helium has been really cooled to nine
degrees or ten degrees absolute with
out any appearance of liquefaction,"
and, further, that "the production of
liquid helium is a difficult and ex
pensive enough problem to occupy the
scientific world for many a day."
Metargon disappears, and helium re
mains a gas. in spite of cold and pres
sure.-London Telegraph.
THE CANNY SCOT.
Too Practical to Sorrow at the Parting
from His Dying Wife.
A poor Scotch woman lay dying and
her husband at hrby her side. After
a time the wife took her husband's
hand and said:
"Jolhn' \we're goin' to part. I have
been a gude wife to you. haven't I ?"
JTohn thought a imoment.
"Well. just mniddling like. Jenny,
you know," anxious not to say too
muach.
Again the wife spoke:
"John," she said, faintly. "ye mann
promise to bury me in the auld kirk
vard at Str'avon besidc my mither.
I couldna rest in peace among uneo
folk in the dirt and smoke o' Glas
gow."
"Weel, weel, JTennv. my woman,"
said John, soothingly, "we'll just try
ye in Glasgie first, an' gin ye dinna
be quiet we'll try ye in Str'avon."
Spare Moments.
The Right andling of Books.
A book should not be bent back till
the binding is cracked and loo.-cned.
nor laid face downward on a chair or
table, nor left out over night in ihe
rain. nor should its leaves be turned
down to mark the place. Cultivate a
good memory as to the page. where
you leave off, and Ihe independent of ex
ternal aids.-Ladies' I ome nournal.
Self-idastery.
The man who achieves self-mastery
has accomplished mniuch.-Chicago
Daily :News.
A "PROFITABLE BUSINESS.
--
Sandwich akiang a Practical Girs(
8pecialty.
The Delineator, in an article on
"Girls' Interests and Occupations,"
gives the following description of a
profitable business that has been dis
covered by a practical girl: .
She makes sandwiches for teas, re
ceptions, card parties, stag parties and
children's parties, as well as for trav
elers' luncheon baskets, and makes
over 25 varieties. At first thought it
may seem a very ordinary matter to
make a sandwich, but not so when one t
must satisfy delicate and fastidious
tastes or make up a richly seasoned
little article which will either whet
the appetite or satisfy its cravings.
Skill and refinement, a knowledge of 1
delicious combinations which will r
please the palate, an eye for pretty f
effects in shapes and the neatest and
daintiest of methods, are among the
secret of success. The use of the very
best butter and materials is of impor
tance. Careful packing in paraffin
paper is necessary when the sand
wiches are being sent to their destina
tion. Fanciful shapes are the dia
mond and heart for card parties.
Strips, triangles and circles are favor
ites for teas. Among the various r
kinds made by this busy girl are the
cream cheese, nasturtium, chopped i
salted almond, walnut, sardine, an
chovy, cucumber, lettuce and olive
sandwiches. She never puts a slice
of meat in a sandwich. Chicken is
pounded and only the breast used,
ham is chopped fine and the season
ings are piquant and delightful, or
highly flavored foreign cheeses are
used for stag parties.
The golf sandwich is new. It is
cut round with a biscuit cutter and is
of brown bread, spread with chopped
olives, minced lettuce and water
cress, tarragon, paprika, parsley and t
chives, mixed with mayonnaise. An
other delicious kind is of" pounded
chicken, mixed with the yolk of
mashed hard-boiled egg, cream and
onion juice; and still another is of
anchovy paste mingled with cheese
and mustard. The esthetic sandwich
is an idea imported from England. It
is the rose, the violet or the nastur
tium by name, and is made by shut
ting fresh unsalted butter in a tight
jar with the flowers for several hours.
The butter absorbs the flavor and is
spread on bread which has been treat
ed in the same manner. Homemade
bread a day old is used by this busy
girl for her little trade. She makes a
it and bakes it. and it is of delicious
quality, cut thin as a wafer for the
sandwiches and crusts not used. Jam '
sandwiches are rolled and are deli
cious when made of raspberry, orange,
quince or spiced crushed currants.
The girl who provides all these dain
ties has placed them on sale at one of I
the exchanges for women's work and
receives plenty of orders, besides sup
plying many private customers as
- well. _
MEMORY.
A Witness to the Predominance of Happi
ness in the World.
Memory is for the most part "a triv
ial fond record" of the affairs of ev
eryday life, and our intense desire not
to lose the remembrance of these un
important everyday matters is one of
the greatest testimonies to the pre
dominance of happiness over unhap
piness in the world. Do we not feel
sorry from our hearts for anyone who
has lost such an infinitely preciousi
I possession without even wondering
whether or no there was anything in
their past lives worth renembering? 1
Afte.r all. how few are the hours whlich
any- of us would blot out of our lives!
T'lse perhaps during which we have
witne-.-edI or suffered acute plhysical
or mental pain. thce moment when we
1 e,gndered the worm of remorse
which dieth not or those few min
utes of humiliation which, whether
we, trace them to fault or fate, remain
- in our minds to "vex us like a thing
that is raw." But how small is the
part we would have taken away com
pared to the part we would retain!
London Spectator.
Sir George Dibbs.
Sir George Dibbs, who has just pre
sented King Edward with a walking
stick of his own make, is one of the
remarkable men of Australia. ie is
probably the only man in the emlpire
who has pas.-ed through the two ex
treme experiences of a prime minister
and R, pIrisoner in jail. Sir George has
twice been premier of New South
Wales and has held many other posts
of the highet-t importance in tihe col
ony: and it was while hle wa- a promi
nent Ipublic iman that hie had the cour
age to refu.-e to pay what he thought
an extortionate bill of costs. He was
committed to l)arlingh ttrst jail, Syd
ney, for a year. and .served the sen
tence through to the end.
STHE MALES PREDOMINATE.
Census Bigare for No0rth Dakota, Ohio,
Oregon and Oklahoima.
The population of the states of
North Dakota, Ohio and O:)egon and
the territory of Oklahoma, showing
sex, nativity and color, is stated in
a bulletin issued by the census office.
According to this showing the males
predominate somewhat in Ohio. Of
a total population of 4,157,545 there
were in the census year 1900 2,102,
655 males to 2,054,890 females. There
were 458,734 foreign-born persons in
the state and 97,341 colored persons.
All the colored people except 371
Chinese, 27 Japanese and 42 Indians,
were negroes.
Out of North Dakota's total popu
lation of 319,146 there were 177,493
males and 141,653 females, 113,091
foreign-born and 7,434 colored per
sons. Of the colored people 6,968 are
Indians.
Of the 398,331 people in Oklahoma,
214,359 were males and 183,972 fe
males, 15,680 were foreign-born and
30,807 were colored. Of the colored
people 18,831 were negroes and 11,
945 Indians.
Oregop's 413,536 people are divid
ed as follows: Males, 232,985; fe
males, 180,551; foreign-born, 65,748; 1
colored, 18,954. The colored people
include 10,397 Chinese, 2,501 Jap
anese and 4,951 Indians.
The males predominate in all these
states and territories, Oregon having
the largest proportion, or 56.3 per
cent., of males, as against 43.7 per
cent. of females. North Dakota and
Oklahoma also showed a noticeable
excess of males. the former state hav
ing 55.6 per cent. of males, as against
44.4 per cent. of females, and the lat
ter 53.8 per cent. of' males, as against
46.2 per cent. of females. In Ohio the
population was more evenly divided,
the percentage for the males being
50.6. against 49.4 for the females.
The foreign-horn element consti
tuted over one-third, or 35.4 per cent.,
of the population in North Dakota,
while in Oregon the same element con
stituted a little less than one-third,
or 15.9 per cent.; and in Ohio a little
mor: than one-lenth, or 11 per cent.,
of the total population. In Oklahoma
the proportion of foreign-born was
quite small, or 3.9 per cent.
The white element of the popula
tion represented over nine-tenths of
the total population in all of the
states and territories under consider
ation. The largest proportion of col
ored was found in Oklahoma, where
7.7 per cent. of the total population
was of this element, principally per
sons of negro descent and Indians.
Washington Star.
ITALIAN BEGGING.
Society for Their Suppression Has Been
in Existence for a Year.
Consul Neville-Rolfe, reporting on
southern Italy, mentions the Society
for the Suppression o,.Beggars, which
has now completed its first year of
existence, and, though it cannot he
said that it has as yet coped with the
terrible evil of street begging, which
-has always been a plague spot at
Naples, it has, at all events, made a
t good beginning. Three hundred and
seventy-one cases have been relieved
f and disposed of in the year. consisting
- mainly of beggars who displayed
- wounds and sores to excite the com
1 passion of the public. Many of these
were not chronic cases, and were
drafted into the hospitals, where, in
some cases, complete cures have been
effected. This is so far satisfactory.
but as a large number of beggars who.
infest lithe streets belong notoriously
to the criminal classes, a fact which
is proved by 3.374 convictions having
been obtained in the year against de
fendants charged with dishonest beg
ging, no radical improvement can be
made until the public gives up, indis
criminate altsgiving. Many of our
London parks are so infested with
loafers and beggars that the area
which can be comfortably used 1by re
spectable people is becoming enor
- mously contracted. Here, as in
Naples. these worthless fellows are en
couraged by a very foolish charity.
London Telegraph.
Skeletons of Friars.
While digging a sewer in the yard
Sof the Nikolai public school at Svart
Smangaten. Stockholm, the workmen
- discovered several skeletons. As this
r is a part of ancient Stockholm and
Severy bit of ground is of historic in
1 terest, the police at once notified Prof.
SIlildebrand. the noted antiquarian,
- and fromt researches made by him
- there seems to be no doubt that the
- funeral place of the Dominican friars
Shas been discovered. They existed
Sin Sweden during the thirteenth,
fourteenth and fifteenth centuries.
- and were one of the most powerful of
the Swedish religious associations.
BREVITIES OF FUN.
"You are never troubled by
tramps?" "Never. I always keep a
sign, 'Help Wanted,' on my gate."
Philadelphia Times.
Clerk (to bookkeeper, who is put
ting away his pen)-"But, Mr. Meier,
it isn't quite 12." Bookkeeper-
"Yes, but you sit nearer the door than
I do!"--Fliegende Blaetter.
Mr. Bloomfield-"Did you hear
that Snaggs was going into amateur
farming?" Mr. Bellefield-"No, but
it's allright. Snaggs can afford it."
Pittsburg Chronicle-Telegraph.
"Happily," observed the Milkmaid
of Art, "the cows I encounter are
quite as impossible as I am! Other
wise, I doubt not, I should have had
the face kicked off me long ere this!"
-Town Topics.
She Was It.-"Mr. Gallent, you are
something of a student of human na
ture," began Miss Bewchus, coyly.
"Ah, but now," he interrupted, flash
ing his bold black eyes upon her, "I
am a divinity student."-Philadel
phia Press.
"You're a country boy, I see," said
the milkman who had advertised for
an assistant. "Yes, sir." "What ex
perience have you had?" "Well, I've
pumped the organ down to our
church for several years."-Philadel
phia Press.
Hobson-"Wonder why it is that
my wife always turns around to look
at Mrs. Preener after she has passed ?"
Dimmick-"I suppose it is because
everybody says Mrs. Preener puts
every dollar she can on her back."
Boston Transcript.
"I love you more than all my
wealth!" exclaimed the hero of the
play, as he folded the leading lady in
his arms. "Hl-lumph!" she whispered. 1
as her head lay on his shoulder, "you
know you get only $12 a week." But
the audience did not hear this.-Ohio
State Journal.
LONDON'S PROBLEM.
Her Thoroughfares Too Congested for
Rapid Transit.
In almost every large foreign city
wide streets or boulevards have been
cut within the century. Paris, Brus
sels. Berlin, Vienna, do not suffer
from our congested thoroughfares.
Abroad it is no uncommon sight to
see tramways in the center, wheeled
traffic on either side in two lines, with.
outside that again, tracks for both
cycles and pedestrians. Something
of the kind is essential in London,
says the National Review. Fast traf
fic must be separated from slow if
transit is to be quick, and the bigger
London grows, the greater the area
that it covers, the greater the neces
sity for quick transit to take the
worker swiftly from his labor in the
heart of London to the better air of
the suburbs. As it is, the cyclist and
the motorist lose much of their ad
vantage in speed possessed by their
mounts the minute they enter traffic.
The police have made ineffectual ef
forts to compel all carmen and drivers
of vehicles moving at a slow or walk
ing pace to keep as near as possible
to the left-hand side. With this rule
stringently enforced it might he of
some value, but every c ylist who rides
in traffic knows that is is more hon
ored in the breach than by observance.
Moreover, slow-moving vehicles near
the curb find their progress checked
at every moment by vans and car
loading or unloading. The big carrier
companies have been approached on
the subject of sending their vans by
back streets or doing their work in
the night or early hours of the day.
but they maintain, wi ith every appear
ance of reason, that this i- imlnposible.
and they complain tlhat as things are
they find it daily more and more diffi
cult to get through their ltsiness.
Obviously,. to exile their vans from
the streets in the "rush" hours-a
measure that has been advocated
would he a staggering blow at the
none too prosperous trade of London.
The omnibuses, which are almost as
slow and troublesome, are a necessi
ty-unless we have tramways. But
between them, vans and omnibuses
render really fast progress impossible.
Stone Windows.
In a new building attached to some
boiler works in upper Silesia, says the
recently issued consular report on the
trade of Germany, a novelty in win
dows has been introduced which is
perhaps worth mentioning. Light is
introduced through stone windows.
The ordinary panes of glass were im
practicable on account of the nearness
of the works to the railway lines, so
pneumatic glas stones have been
used. From the outside thle appear
ance is the same as the so-called "But
zen" panes. They are translucent and
at the same time as strong as the stone
wall in which thy are set. They will
withstand any pressure or blow that
the walls will stand.-London Globe.
TO KEEP O0IWT CATS.
A New York Hardware Man Has a Special
Contrivance.
"There are various kinds of cat
guards,".said a dealer inhardjware and
kindred supplies to a reporter for the
New York Sun, "but this is what we ]
sell most of," and the sample he
showed was a section of a guard that
*is made in yard-long lengths and con- 1
sists of aboard strip threeinches wide,
surmounted by a top of zinc bent in I
the form of an inverted trough and
with its lower edges nailed to the
sides of the board strip. The zinc has
at regular intervals of an inch or two
along its ridge holes through which 4
project foot-long spikes. This guard
is nailed on top of a fence.
"It is not necessary," the hardware
man went on, "to put the catguard
along the whole top of a fence, but
only at the points of approach; that
is to say, at places where the cat can
get at the top. Even the spryest cat 4
cannot go right up the sheer face of
a high fence, and so along such a sec
tion you don't want to guard; but you
do want it, for instance, at the cor
ners where a cat could approach your
fence along some other; and here you
want it for a little distance along each
angle.
"This discovery was made for him
self by a customer of ours who put
a section of the guard across the end
of his back fence where the end of
the next yard fence joined. This sec
tion of guard projected out a foot and
a half on either side clear of the top
of his fence, and it seemed impossi
ble for any cat to get around that.
Nor could any cat get around it, but
the day this guard was put up a cat
came along the top of a neighbor's
fence, halted at that formidable new
harrier and looked it over carefully
for a moment, and then softly jumped
over it.
"That's why at fence angles we put
up a strip along the top of each of
the fences running from the corner;
the cat could jump over a strip placed
simply across its path, but it can't
jump over three feet of if placed
lengthwise on top of a fence.
"Then people put it up on fence
tops away from corners wherever
there is an approach to any particular
spot from the other side, other than
along a fence; as, for example, along
bars running from fence top to fence
top across the neighboring yard, such
as clotheslines are attached to. Or
there may be in the next yard against
the fence at some point a flower stand
or some other object that would af
ford the cat a means of approach; if
so, you place a section of the guard
there.
"In fact, the cat may reach the top
of your fence in various and unex
pected ways. And our customer who
told me of his experience with the
cat that had easily jumped his first
erected guard said that he had found
it an interesting study to observe the
several ways by which the cats had
reached the top of his fence, some of
these hbing quite unlooked for, and
he had found then a further and far
greater pleasure in planning such ar
rangements of the catguard as would
serve effectually to keep them out,
which he had finally succeeded in
doing.
"There is, indeed, no doubt that
with this guard properly placed you
can keep the caterwauling cat off the
premises, and there is demand enough
for such things to make catguards in
one form and another regular articles
of sale in city hardware stores."
RICHARD MANSFIELD.
Has Decided Notions Upon Deportment
and Matters of Etiquettae.
Richard Mansfield is known to have
very decided notions upon deport
ment and matters of etiquette. With
a friend, who is authority for the
story, Mr. Mansfield rode uptown on
a Broadway car the other afternoon.
Both men had seats for a time, until
at the intersection of a shopping
street the car became crowded with
women. Both offered their seats to
the nearest women. The one who ac
cepted Mr. Mansfield's courtesy slid
into his seat without a word. The
actor raised his silk hat.
"I beg your pardon," he said,
slowly.
The woman looked up, apparently
in surprise.
"I didn't say anything," she volun
teered
"Pardon me for my mistake." re
turned Mansfield. in a kindly tone.
"Pardon mne. I thought you said
'Thank you!' "-N. Y. Times.
The Record Coinage.
Australia's mint record beats all
others. In the past 50 years she has
coined £55 a head of her population.
Holland. which comes next, made
only £13 per head in the same time.
Are 'Lsurlei Litle Knaown 'inaT h -h d "
Of sIane.
Since the publication in the eodh-l
sular reports of my recent brief dias
patch in regard to'.ice in France, I
have received many letters requesting
additional information upon the sub
ject. In almost every instance one of
the first inquiries is: "What are the
prospects for the establishment of an
ice cream and cool drink business in
the large French towns?" I do not
know whether the answering of such
a question comes within the sphere of
a consul's duty, as the opening of ice
cream saloons and the running of
cool drink establishments by Ameri
cans in France would hardly affect the
output of United States products, but
speaking generally I should say that,
as far as Rouen is concerned, the out
look for such establishments is good.
A few evenings ago Istopped at one
of the largest cafes here and asked
for ice cream. It was served in a lit
tle glass about the size of a wineglass.
There was certainly not more than
three level tablespoonfuls, and of a
poor quality at that. The cost was
20 cents. There are only two or three
places in this city where cream is
served. In order to make such a
business pay a great deal of patience
would have to be exercised. In Nor
mandy new ideas filter into the peo
ple's minds very slowly, and the per
son who opened an ice cream saloon
would, in the beginning, be regarded
with suspicion. Then there is a deep
seated prejudice against cool things,
and physicians generally say that ice
is most injurious to the health.
Another question which has been
repeatedly asked is: "Can ice be had
at a reasonable price, and, if not,
would a small icemaking plant pay
well?" Undoubtedly, a market exists
in many of the larger cities of France
for icemaking machinery of American
manufacture. As a natural conse
quence, all else connected with the
comforts of cool living in hot weather
would follow the introduction of these
machines. This spring a Mr. Pat
terson, an American, established the
first ice factory in this city with an
output of 24 tons daily. Heretofore
all ice was shipped from Norway, but,
it cannot be long before such compe
tition must give way to the manufac
tured product, even though the im
ported ice is admitted free of duties.
-Consular Report from Rouen.
THE VOLUME OF RIVERS.
Comparison of the Discha rge of the Mi..
elsaippi and Columbia.
An estimate by Capt. Harts of the
volume of water flowing in the Co
lumbia river is interesting, in compar
ison with the volume of the Missis
sippi at New Orleans, says the Port
land Oregonian. Capt. Harts made
his observations in The Dalles. At
low water he found a flow of 108,000
cubic feet per second; at high water,
1,600,000 cubic feet per second. At
low water the discharge at New Or
leans is 250,000 cubic feet per sec
ond; at ordinary high water, 1,000,
000 cubic feet, and at extreme high
water 1,200.000 cubic feet per second.
To these figures from ten to fifteen
per cent. should be added for the flow
through the Atchafalaya. This esti
mate as to the Mlississippi is from the
most recent sources we have at hand.
They are from Johnson's Cyclopedia,
copyright 1894. compiled from the
"Journal of the Association of Engi
neering Societies and Other Sources."
The mean annual discharge of the
whole Mississippi basin into the Gulf
of Mexico. including that by the
Atchafalaya and bayou outlets, is es
timated at 675.000 cubic feet per see
ond. It is larger, probably, than the
mean annual discharge of the Colum
hia basin. hut not greatly larger, for
the ('olumbia flows at low-water stage
not more than two months in the year,
and at the high-water stage it carries
a greater volume than the Mssiissip
pi. Below the Ohio the Mississippi
gains little in volume, losing by seep
age and evaporation about as it re
ceives from its lower affluents. The
flow of the St. Lawrence much ex
coeds that of any river in North Amer
ica. Various authorities agree that
the mean annual discharge is in ex
cess of 1,000.000 cubic feet per sec
ond. The volume at Niagara is esti
mated at 390,000 cubic feet per sec
ond. It varies little throughout the
year, since the great lakes above regu
late the voTume and give it an even
flow.
The Cure for It.
If a woman ha- so much faith in
human nature, she can be helped to
overcome the fault by opening a
boarding house.-Atchison Globe.
The Model Husband.
The model husband is all right, pro
vided he is a working model.--Chica
go Daily News.
