Newspaper Page Text
THE PUUIMII HEBHLD.
Saturday, Feb. 4, 1905
Uses of Inferior Woods.
When there was an abundant
supply of the best quality of timber
it was the habit of lumbermen to
neglect all but the best species. l*> ■:
instance, in Indiana and Ohio the
white oak trees were cut and the red
Us were left. In the South only
n few years ago the gum, which is
now of considerable commercial
importance, was left to rot in the
woods. On the Pacific coast the
western hemlock was not considered
worth transporting from the forest
to the mill. In consequence the
supply of high class timbers has bi en
seriously depleted, and the character
of the forest has been changed by
the reproduction ot the inferior
species which were left in possession;
while the lumberman has had to ex
tend his operations over a large area
in order to secure the necessary
amount of timber. If these inferior
species can be cut and marketed at
q profit, it will be possible in the
future to lumber with far less detri
ment to the forest, and at the same
time the available supply of timber
will be greatly increased.
The current unfavorable opinions
concerning these so-called inferior
species are largely matters of tradi
tion, which investigation proves
was unwarranted. Indeed in some |
cases, lumber such as gum and sap
pine is exported from the country
and held in high esteem abroad.
Our engineers and architects, as a
rule, consider sap wood weaker and
much less fit for structural use than
heartwood. Of course in the mat
ter of durability of unpreserved
timber tinder severe conditions of
exposure, there is no question but
that heartwood is very much to be
preferred to sapwood. But for use
indoors sapwood timbers are abun
dantly strong. Carriage manufac
turer! know that the strongest and
tuost resilient wood for spokes,
shafts, etc., is rapid grown sapling
hickory. It has lately been discov
ered that fast grown second growth
red oak, so far as strength is con
cerned, is fully equal to white oak.
Much work remains to be done to
bring out the facts underlying the
practicability of a more extensive
use of inferior timbers, and to dis
seminate information as to the rela
tive advantages of first ami second
growth timbers and the value of
such woods as western hemlock and
loblolly pine, which are of increas
ing importance in the national sup
ply of structural timber. The tim
ber tests which the Bureau of
Forestry is making are bringing the
facts concerning these matters before
the users of timber.
The introduction of western hem
lock to the market as a building
material has met with many obstac
les. The hemlock ofthe Easi is far
inferior to the Western species as a
building wood and the prejudice
existing against, the Eastern species
is unjustly extended to that of the
West' The latter is a hard, straight,
and even-grained wood, nearly
white in color. It docs not split
readily, and is light and tough.
These characteristics peculiarly lit
it for manufacture into boxes, h
is also a superior wood for all inside
finishing, as it takes a high polish
and has excellent wearing qualities.
It can be rapidly kiln dried at high
temperature without injury. Me
chanical tests have shown it to ]
sess about - i per cent of the
strength of red tir and to be suited
for all except the heaviest structural
demands. Large quantities of this
timber are now sold under otl
names than its own. The)
just cause for the prejudice which
necessitates this deception, and
Western hemlock should be hand
led under its right name.
Another tree which has been dis
criminated against is the loblolly
pine. This is a tree of a wide range
of distribution, and Bureau tests
have shown that, under proper con
ditions of growth) it can furnish
wood of great structural merit. It
too, is sold under fictitious names,
when it should be. sold on its merits.
.The principal objections to it is that
it is usually BapWOod and decays
rapidly when exposed. Hut it is of
('lien grain and can be very success
fully treated with preservatives,
which should entirely eliminate this
jection. Many of the socalled
inferior timbers can be more thor
oughly and successfully treated with
preservatives than can the more
solid timbers. Happily, this is in a
marked degree the case with the
abundant loblolly pine, and this
tree is certain to come into general
and appreciated use.
Another phase of this work is in
connection with the packing box
industry. Very i\:w people appre
ciate the amount of lumber that
goes into the manufacture of pack
ing boxes. Formerly the size of
boxes tor different purposes, was
based on the strength of white pine, I
which used to be the standard
material employed. With the scar-'
city of white pine and its increased
price, gum, cottonwood, loblolly
pine, and other woods have come
into use for boxes. In many cases
these woods are much heavier than
white pine, so that there is an added
expense for freight because of the
extra weight of the boxes. It be
comes, then, an important matter to
ascertain to what extent the thick
ness of boxboards commonly used
can be reduced without lessening
the strength of the box below the
nesessary requirement. The Bu
reau pi Forestry in cooperation with
the North Carolina Pine Association
is about to take up this problem,
ami by actual experiment with
boxes of different sizes and various
kitids of lumber to determine the
extent to which the prevailing
thickness of boards can be dimin
ished.
i
Photography for the
AMATEUR
at
Half its Former Cost
1 tie famous
; "^SPwBBwI American
A . , Carrier as.
American Jr. Genuinely good in
CAMERA every detail. Film or
With Double fl» | •/v Plates as you choose.
[ Plate Holder «p 1• OU Absolutely new models.
— 1
i i
Our facilities enable {^^^^$4.80
us to furnish cameras i^illrv^^^^^^
of the highest grade at Slli *| ? i?feS^^
prices which cannot BH-li I' II ■ 'II '•/ ■■' ml
be met* 'ffl-1 --- -i - iffihff
Send for illustrated fejl^^^^S ffil k*^
t catalogue telling all i^;i•' ..^<=3^fe tWp^^
; about our 21 styles C^^^^^^*
j and sizes. Free. 8 [4xS POCO
|j4xS_BQCOJ
I AMERICAN CAMERA MFG. CO.
I L 946 St- Paul St., Rochester, N. Y.
A WASHINGTON 1
fl V Have • Sole Thai
wl^ *■"'"'-120 "Wonl Wear Oul"
jfK^y^a^) Every Coy Wonts
wJbH W^l them Because He
I^raw fK^ 1 Don'l Have to 1
f]Bw illl Bo Carelul ol Hi* I
3 MA/*
Washington
ShoeMfg.Co %
Seattle. Wash. i«J
Nothing like a Cole's Hot Blast
Heater for these cold mornings.
By right use of this stove you need
not let the fire "go out till spring.
Even heat night and day.
i ; ;
When buying a Piano) consult
j Lester Gammon, of the Allen &
Gilbert Ramaker Co., Portland, who
handles 16 different makes of Pianos,
such as the Knabe, Everett, Steeck,
Fisher, Packard, Ludwig, Mason &
Hamlin and others. You can make
your own terms. (i4*o
WE SWAIN
ARCHITECT and
SUPERINTENDENT
Office over First National Bank I
If you are going to build call and
sec me
J.J. HOWELL, M.D.
In charge of the Practice of DR. G. B.
WILSON during the latter'B absence
in Olytnpia.
Office Hours —i) to 12 a. in.
1 to 6 p. in.
Residence Phone, 506. Office Phone, Main 11
f - ■ . ....I*
r.1.V1 ANKKNV.iv I F. T. GRBKR, Cashier. -« ' " "*
GAY LOMBARD, Vick-Pr! « S. A. TURNER, Assist. Cash.
I THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK
©/PULLMAN "- — .
TRANSACTS A GENERAL BANKING BUSINESS
Anything pertaining to conservative banking will receive our prompt
and careful attention .-,-'--,.
/ I
FOR SALE BY E. S. BURGAN & SON.
Heating Stoves
Cook Stoves
-
■"■^i—« *_a_iana
-
FOR THE BEST IN TOWN SEE
CHAS. BULL
9
Plumbing
Tinning
v ——.—^——^^i—^—^_——— — *
Dr. A. E. Shaw. DR. ROLAND LOW,
DENTIST DENTIST
... Office in Letter-man Building, Opposite
All work guaranteed. Charges moderate ; Artesian Hotel. Phone, 466.'
Teeth Extracted Absolutely Painless, j pullman .... wash.
COLD MORNINGS.
It is a great pleasure
to get up under the
warming influence of a
Cole's Hot Blast
Vviv J JHJL\JrL JUPJI&4L»3II
Heater
the great fuel saver.
EVEN HEAT-DAY AND NIGHT,
RL 0* mM pirn E%dy ifl BJ IS n D Jl B Bffj
STEWART - NIMH
Hardware Co.
CJ .1-,^ Jbli f%. Cjt JEL* JL^I JL 2^
