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Conquest «I 5 Great American Desert Pat and to the Point. Mr. Paul Thieman, whoever he may be, says something in a recent Issue of a Denver paper which is pat and to the point. We herewith produce the firgt few paragraphs of his article: When one beholds the complacent failure to comprehend the nature and condition of Far Western irrigation, it Is maddening. I have Been one man, Who Is thoroughly p sted, almost break Into wild tears of rage over the ever racurrlog evidences that the people at large, the people right here, the na tional government, the State govern ments, do not appreciate national Irri gation, and that the public informa tion and the Individual knowledge of the subject at this time are strangely dense. The public Is fed constantly with lovely articles about the grand national irrigation works under way, while the fact is that all the great values mentioned concerning reclama tion of the arid region are the result of private initiative and enterprise and cap! I a 1. Few people understand that the na tloinil Irrigation fund is nothing but a bulk of capital which may be advanced to build reservoirs and ditches, upon a guarantee that th*» owners of the lauds to be Irrigated will repay the cost to the hind. The national fund is not to be depleted, but must be replenished by the payment back of the cost of the work, us assessed by the government engineers, and if signatures to such pledges can't be secured, the works proposed will not be built. Knowing that all government work costs vastly more thau if dune by pri vate capital, and the United States failing to guarantee the limit of the cost, lots of landowners won't sign, and there you are. Meantime the gov ernment officials knock private enter prises and warn the people against them, when, as the situation stands, it Is only private enterprise, in pro moting Irrigation district bonds, in Col orado, at least, that is really doing any thing. Kxcnvtitor for Irrigation ('aimln. A thousand men toiling with shovels and wheelbarrows from sunrise to sun set could not accomplish as much work DOEB THE WORK OF 1,000 MEN EVERY DAY. as the great Steam excavator shown in the illustration performs in eight hours. The burning sun or rain in tor rents has no terrors for this mammoth earth-devouring monster. The scene is from a photograph of the construc tion work on the irrigation canal in Coluaa County, California. The arti ficial river thus created is six miles long, 1(K) feet wide, and 35 feet to the top of its hanks. The Sacramento riv er furnishes the water which makes fertile 166,000 acres of fruit ranches. The exearatM travels on its own railway tracks on each sltle of the canal, and as the work proceed* the truck is taken up and relaid ahead of the machine. The steel buckets, which have sharp, cutting edges, move constantly by means of endless chains, and empty their load of earth first on one side, then on the other. Wide endless belts carried on rollers carry the earth to the sides of the ditch. All these movements of the machine are controlled by one leverman, who may be seen In the cut standing on the platform on the left of the bucket. He has control of five separate levers, one for raising and lowering the buck et chain, one for moving the car to the right, and another for moving the car to the left, and another for moving It forward on the side track, and the fifth controls the engine. The rapidi ty and facility with which all these movements are made is surprising, es pecially considering the momentum and immense weight of the car and bridge and the excavator's machinery, which is about 300 tons. Milk Hirer Irrigation Project. The Great Falls (Mont) land office has received Instruction to withdraw from all forms of entry 276,480 acres of land. In connection with the Milk river Irrigation project Part of the tract withdrawn lies northwest of Harre. extending irregularly from the line of the Great Northern to the Inter national boundary, comprising part of the chain of lakes, reservoir altea and lands lying along Milk dyer and Sage creek. Another portion of the tract lies west of the Montana Central, between the Big Sandy and Box Elder creeks, and Li presumably withdrawn in connec tion with the Marias Diversion canal portion of the Milk river projuct Diicorer a Water Supply. Residents of the Pecos ralley In New Mexico are excited by the discovery that underlying more than 600,000 acres of desert land Is apparently an inexhaustible supply of water. The fame of the region has spread through out the country, and even to portions of Kurope. The water gushes from the ground wherever borings are made and pours over a thirsty land, trans forming It Into a garden of almost re markable fertility. ENGLISH DOCTORS' FEEa They Are Regulated by the Royal Col letce of Physicians. The specialists must be divided into two distinct classes, the surgeon prop er and the pure physician. The former unquestionably gets big fees in ratio to his reputation. The famous sur geon has only to name his fee to the millionaire with appendicitis. With the fear of death before his eyes he will write his check gladly. When he has recovered he will often grum ble if he does not I>oast. A younger nnd loss known man will perform the same operation for a tithe of the cost, but the public, with death- staring them In the face, will have the man with the big name, regardless of ex pense. Hut the pure physician Is an entirely different matter. Ills fees are stand anil zed not by nft of Parliament, but l>y that autocratic body, the Royal Col lege of Physicians. His fees for con sultation at his own house are fixed at 2 guineas the first visit and a guinea for each sulwequent one. For consultations away from home he re ceives a fee at the calculated rate at two-thirds of a guinea a mile. Klstree, twelve tnlle# out of town, Is Ipso facto 8 guineas, Liverpool (201 miles) is 134 guin«*«B, and so on pro rata. But it must bo remembered that nowadays all the big provincial centers have their own specialists, and the town man is very seldom sent for unless he be one of the very biggest names and the case desperate and rich. If the physician should accept more he transgresses that professional fe tidi, "medical etiquette," and is brand ed a quack by his less lucky breth ren. Moreover, when he arrives at a suf ficient standing In the ranks of his profession the Royal College of Phy sicians will not elect him to their all important fellowship, the crowning qualification and high water mark of his calling.—London Mail. A Globe-Trotting Teacher. Miss Mlna Boegli, a Swiss girl, has the distinction of having taught school in nearly every civilized country In the world, although she is barely 27 years of age. She began teaching when she was IS, and a year later de cided to take a trip around the world, making; her expenses by teaching in the lands through which sho passed. With $1">O and a large stock of pluck and courage as her capital, she started out, and it has taken her eight years to accomplish her pur pose. During the entire tour of the world she never met with an accident She was treated with courtesy every where, and had plenty of pupils in each country where she chose to stop. She reports that she found Australia the most liberal in paying teachers for their services. Shark a Commercial Product. Tbe shark, which Is so abundant In the waters of Central America, is to be utilized in commercial products. A company has been formed which con vert* sharks' fins into Jelly and tinned soup, makes fine machinery oil from their livers, handsome leather, equal to alligators', from their skins, walk ing sticks from their backbone*, and numerous articles from their Jaw<bonei and te«th. One Isn't necessarily wealthy be cause he baa more mf n«7 than brain*. WHEN SHE CAN'T TALK- It's Little Wonder Women Hate to Go to ii Itetitiitt's. "Do you know why It Is that a worn an dreads so to have a tooth filled?' asked the dentist of the young man In the chair. The young man was of the opinion that it was because women are human. and consequently decidedly opposed to having their jaws and gums subjected to a treatment like unto the working of a compressed air drill In a stone quarry. "No," said the mnn of the drills and forceps. -Women can stand pain much better than men. It is a fact, even in the extracting of troublesome teeth, the .fortitude of the little, slender woman is remarkable when one comes to con sider the hideous groans that emanate from a big man undergoing the same operation. It isn't the fear of pain that keeps many a woman away from the chair when she really ought to be hav ing her tooth attended to. •You see this rubber? Well, that rubber goes Into the mouth of every penon Who comes In here to have a filling put In. You can see tliut It covers the mouth entirely; doesn't leave the patient half a chance to talk. Well, there you have it; that's the rea son women don't like to go to the dent ist. Yes, sir, it's a fact. I have lost some of my best customers because of the necessity of applying that rubber. "A woman comes in here to get a :ooth filled. If she is inexperienced in tliis line she will be surprised when the rubber is produced. As soon as it is placed in her mouth she tries to talk, and finds that her speech is only an unintelligible jumble. She begins to get mad from then on. When I ask her if I am hurting her she can only glare at me and shake her head. When I pass a remark about the beautiful weather we have been having she glares still more, and by the time I am through with her she is ready to kill me if looks would do the deed. Some- times, when I take the shield off, the pent up speech of the fair ones breaks forth into an irrepressible flood, and the portent of the remurks is, to say the least, not complimentary to me. "Some day some genius will invent an apparatus which will allow teeth to be tilled without depriving the patients of their speech for the time being. Then there will be nothing to this busi ness but brown stone fronts and auto mobiles." — Chicago Tribune. SELLS SACRILEGIOUS CHARM. Claims Talisman la S.ifcmianl Agalußt Pestilence and Destruction. A negro hfis had printed several hun dred copies of a letter purporting to liave been written by Jesus Christ, and found 45 years after his crucifixion. It is his object to sell the letter to the ignorant of his race. A good many copies of this letter have already been sold among the poorer white people of Columbus, many ignorant people not doubting its genuineness. The letter has the following heading: "Copy of a letter written by our Sa vior, Jesus Christ. , •Found IS miles from Iconlum, 45 years after our blessed Savior's cruci fixion, transmitted from the holy city by a converted Jew, faithfully trans lated from its original Hebrew copy, now in possession of the Lady Cuba's family in Mesopotamia. "This letter was written by Jesus Christ and found under a great stone, both round and large, at the top of the cross 18 miles from leonium, near a village called Mesopotamia." The following inducement to buy is published at the close of the letter, and is Justly regarded as a sacrilege of the worst character: "And whosoever shall have a copy of this letter, written with my own hand, and keep it in their house, nothing shall hurt them, neither pestilence, lightning, nor thunder shall do them any harm. You shall have no answer from me, but by the holy scripture, until the day of Judgment All good ness and prosperity shall be in the house where a copy of this letter shall be found."— Pittsburg Times. Illicit Still in a Church. As the result of anonymous informa tion, some customs officers climbed into the spire of an ancient church at Que zac, in the south of France, and aftet v careful search found a still, which, although dating from the seventeenth century, was yet in a perfect state of preservation and capable of being worked. Naturally the requirements of the law with regard to apparatus of this description had not been compiled with in this case, but who was the of fender? The vicor in charge of the building? The sacristan who visited It weekly? Interrogated, the former declared that he had only recently come into the parish and had never set foot in the spire. He was, therefore, totally Ignorant of the existence of the Incrim inating vessel. The sacristan, however, could not allege so valid an excuse, and, his explanation not being consid ered satisfactory, he will be proceede ed against. In looking over your past life, don't you blush most over the period when you thought a red and blue plush parlor suit wu Juat about the proper thlngl IN HOSPITAL FOR 42 YEAR& MUs Ellen Adam* Left Deaf and Dnmk in Childhood by Fever. Left deaf and dumb after a severe attack of ncarlet fever when she was a child of 12 years. Miss Eliza Adams has passed 42 years in the Louisville city hospital in complete ignorance of who her parents were. This peculiar character arrived in Ixnilsville In the full of 1802 from Nashville, Term. She had been deport ed with the crowds of women and chil dren the United States government sent out of that State when the armies of the North and South were making its green pastures gory with the blood of the Civil War, and In the deporta tion she became separated from her parents and family. In Nashville a great camp was pre pared for protection of these people and for several weeks Kliza Adams was confined In this place. Finally ■he became 111 of scarlet fever, and, owing to her age, she was soon sent North. Raving in delirium, she reach* eil Louisville and was taken to the city hospital. She had no friends and no one who arrived in the same train with her knew her name or anything of her par entage. Finally, under the care of Mrs. Oarey, the superintendent, she tegan to Improve, and within live months after she reached Louisville became perfectly well so far as mind and body were concerned, but the rav ages of the disease had destroyed her hearing and power of speech. Owing to her tender years her memory was also partially impaired and after she learned to talk by the sign language used by deaf mutes .she was unable to throw any light upon her history. Shortly after she became well Mrs. Qarey took compassion upon the afflict ed orphan and adopted her as her daughter, giving her the name she now bears. Many efforts have been made to learn something of her history and par entage, formerly by Mrs. Garey, before she died, two years ago, and later by (.'fiends connected with the hospital. These have been entirely unsuccessful, owing to the meager information which can be gleaned from her mem- ories of younger days, and in all proba bility her parents have long since pass ed away. SENDING PICTURES BY WIRE, New Process Discovered for Transmit- ' tiiiK Draw inuH and Hand writing;. During several decades a number of: methods for reproducing simple pic tures, drawings and handwriting elec trically at a distance have been pro posed and partly can-led out, but none of them has led to a result of techni cal Importance. This seems not to be the case with the Improved system of Professor Korn of Munich, whose suc cess Is due principally to the employ ment of a vacuum tube as an adjusta ble source of light at the receiving sta tion. The essential arrangements are well | known from previous attempts. Two cylinders, one at the sending and one at the receiving station, run in syn chronism. On the former is the pic- ture to be transmitted, preferrably on a film, and on the latter is a sensi tive photographic film. A fine ray of! light, concentrated by lens from a suit ably arranged Nernst lamp, penetrates the first film and strikes a selenium cell Inside of the hollow glass cylinder. The selenium cell Is connected in se ries with an accumulator battery, the line wire and a current indicator at the eceivlng Rtutton. Upon rotation of the hollow cylinder the liirht ray describes B spiral line of very small pitch on the Him, like the stylus of a gramophone. In proportion to tne blackening of the film the light raj* is weakened more or less, the resistance of the selenium cell raised accordingly, and the current lv the transmission lino shows corre- iponding reciprocal changes. The time required ror reproducing a photograph is at present half an hour. The transmission line may, of course, Im> used at the same time for tele phony. Photographs have been sue- ri'sst'ully transmitted over a fourfold line between Munich and .Nuremberg, the resistance of the complete loop be ing a.'Joo ohms. The time of transmis sion may be considerably diminished by Increasing the deflecting and indi cating powers of the galvanometer. The time required for the transmission of handwriting or drawing! is only >ne*twentietD of that necessary for pic tures. At present 800 words can easily Ik> transmitted in one hour. Uy ope rating the high-tension relay directly by the line current an Improvement can be effected. How nrahmans Measure Time. The Brahmans' clocks divide the day Into 00 hours of 24 minutes each, called ghureea. Occasionally a 24-minute sand glass is used, but more common ly a copper bowl with a very mall hole in the bottom of it, this bowl be ing placed on the surface of the water and gradually filled. If the hole in the bottom is correctly sized the bowl sinks in 24 minutes. This registers the duration of the ghuree. An at tendant thereupon empties the basin and strike* the hour of the day or night on the gong. !}' A Little Lesson |j || In Patriotism § !<SL_: : 2 "Let our object be our country, our whole country, nnd nothing but our country."—Dnniel Webster. When in 1823 the countries of South America were striving to establish { themselves aa Independent republic the citizens of the United States fear ed that the all powerful holy alii nnce with its pol i<-'y of reaction against all political liberty would at tempt to help Spain subdue them. Feeling ran high throughout the country. For a time an alliance JAMKB MONROE. with England was discussed aa tho only means by which the evil of f- or elgn intervention on the western hemi sphere might be averted. It was one of the most critical times in the his tory of the republic. The President, James' Monroe, was a man who had been distinguished for qualities other than those of pugna ■ ■ions opposition to th<« European pow ers. Yet It was James Monroe who un expectedly came forward with the very proclamation that convinced those powers of the dangers of interference. In his message to Congress in that year occurs the sentence which has become n part of our national policy under the name of the Monroe doctrine. "We owe it to candor, and to the amicable relations existing between the United States and those powers" (the powers in question were those of the holy alliance) "to declare that we should consider any attempt on their part to extend their system to any por tion of this hemisphere as dangerouj to our pence and safety." The boldness and earnestness of this document and its opportune promulga tion marked the vigorous commence ment of national life and tlie develop ment of a clearly defined foreign pol icy. It was the death blow of the holy alliance. It has become a national tra dition that has brought untold aid to this country. And nil because Janios Monroe was not found wanting when the time came when his country most needed hla courage. HEIR OF IRON CHANCELLOR. Seven-Year-Old Boy Who Hear* Ger« tnany'a Proudest Nume. Americuns, and German-Americans especially, are interested In the boy who bears the proudest name In mod- em German his tory. This Is Otto Yon Bismarck, the 7-year-old heir of the late Prince Herbert Bismarck and grandson of the Fatherland's empire builder and "Iron Chancellor." Born In Septem ber, 1897, little Prince Otto al ready gives prom- O. YON BISMARCK. ise of perpetuating the mental nnd physical traits of his great ancestor. Under the guidance of his handsome and vivacious mother, who was a Hun garian, Countess Hoyos, when she mar ried Prince Bismarck In 1871, Prince Otto Is growing Into a manly fellow, and even at this early period of hia life has developed traces of the char acteristics which carved his family name so Indelibly In the world's his tory. He is a big boy for his age and passionately fond of vigorous sport, especially horseback riding, at which he is an adopt. He speaks German, English and French fluently. His type Is more American in its aspect than either German or Hungarian. » One Wiiy of Look in« at It. "Here, chuck It, mister. You're spoil ing the Ice!"— The Sketch. If a man has a pretty view from his door, visitors who come to loaf and visit decide that his soul is sordid b* cause he doesn't stop work to «* mire It