Newspaper Page Text
•■*•' '■'-'' 5c per copy, $1.00 per year. A Real Socialist German Comrade Points Only Way To Peace "PRINCIPAL ENEMY AT HOME" Distribution of Pamphlets Calculated to Incite Workers Brings Nine Months' Term German Socialists are pointing to the trial of Heinrlch Hunek* as an il lustration of the growing considera tion which the authorities have for the Socialist party Huneke was arrested on a charge of "attempting to incite soldiers of the army to be disobedient and mutinous, and to induce civilians to disobey the laws of the land." Sentence Considered Light Although he was convicted and sen tenced to nine months' imprisonment. the Socialists point out that the ac-1 cused leader fared far better than even he himself has expected. Hun eke is president of the German Engi neers and Firemen's Federation, and one of the most powerful trade union men in the country. The fact that the authorities did not bring Huneke be fore a court-martial is hailed as a victory for the Socialists, while his escape with a sentence of only nine months from a court which had the power of sending him to penal serv itude for life is also regarded with satisfaction by Huneke's followers. The trial took place in Bremen and ■was heard in camera, but a general idea of the proceedings can be obtain ed from the judgment which was Dro nounced in open court by the senior judge: "The charge of attempting to induce soldiers to be disobedient and mutin ous can not be maintained in its en tirety: the accused can only be con victed of this offense in so far as his propaganda happened to reach sol- "cfie'i 8 and saiiurs of the army and navy. His real offense lies in hav ing distributed and causing to be dis tributed copies of a pamphlet entitled 'Our Principal Enemy Is at Home,' among the workmen of the Weser Shipbuilding company, who are en gaged in manufacturing vessels of war NEW INDUSTRIAL LAW IS IN EFFECT MAKES TOTAL OF TWENTY-SEVEN STATES UNDER THIS PLAN WASHINGTON—Indiana has joined the states having workmen's compen sation laws in operation. The new law, hailed by some as the greatest achieve ment of the 1915 legislature, went into effect Sept. Ist. Although nearly 500 employers have taken advantage of the opportunity to reject the law, members of the com mission pointed out that this is a very small portion of the approximately 300,000 employers in Indiana. Indiana was the 27th state to enact j such a law. Since that time four other states have joined the list, mak ing 31 in all. Alaska also has such a law. Several of the larger traction sys tems In the Btate have rejected the law, preferring to take their chances in the courts with damage suits. Those rejecting the law con not plead as de-1 fense that the employe was negligent, that the injury was caused by the | negligence of a fellow employe, or j that the employe assumed the risk of the injury. WHAT IT PROVIDES If an employe whose employer has not rejected the law is injured after today, the employer must furnish free medical care and supplies for 30 days. After 14 days the injured man begins to draw a sum equal to 55 per cent of his wages. If he is totally disabled his payment will continue for 500 weeks. If he is partially disabled the compensation is at the rate of one-half the difference between his earning capacity before and after the Injury. This law is chiefly in the form of a bill favored by the manufacturers, but with certain amendments for which labor contended. I>abor was unable to force state insurance of employers. Information obtained from John A. I^app, director of the Indiana bureau of legislative information, discloses that workmen's compensation so far obtains chiefly In the northern states. AMBULANCE CHASING GOOD There is a strip across the country where the ambulance chasing lawyer and the courts are left to decide NORTHWEST WORKER DEVOTED TO THE INDUSTRIAL, POLITICAL, AND EDUCATIONAL ADVANCEMENT OF THE WORKING-CLASS for the Imperial mtx< Gave Out Pamphlet "It only has boon proved that tho accused was directly connected with the distribution of about 100 copies of this pamphlet, and although it Is prob able that ho was responsible for tho circulation of many more wo In this court can only deal with tho uumber actually proven. This circumstance operates in favor of tho accused In BMttai out punishment to him. "The pamphl«t contains passage* Which ((institute an incitement to dis obedience of the laws of the land, as well us other passages which are cal culated to disturb the public peace by stirring up different classes of the population against one another. The licensed has committed a crime against his fatherland in endeavoring, by means of the circulation of this pain phlet. to persuade the working men of C.ermany to agitate for peace. and in explaining how a movement in favor of exercising pressure on the imperial government can be carried on with the help of the press and through [meetings and public demonstrations. Knew Results of Act "All these methods of public agita tion have been declared to be illegal by the proclamations issued in connec tion with the introduction of martial law at the outbreak of hostilities so that to advocate them constitutes the perpetration of a serious crime. More over, the efforts made by the accused to create strife between those whom he calls imperialists on the one hand and the working classes of Germany on the other hand unquestionably 'amount to an illegal act in the sense of the existing provisions of military law now in force throughout the coun try. It is quite clear that Huneke cir culated the pamphlet with full knowl edge of its contents and of its prob able effect, on Its readers, so that he committed his offense deliberately and with set purposes. All these cir- cumstances have led the court to the conclusion that a term of imprison ment for nine months is the least penalty which we can inflict on the accused." GERMAN SOCIALISTS ARE ARRESTED FOR TREASON L'Humanite of Paris publishes a jdispatch from the Swiss frontier stat ing that five Socialists have been ar rested in Berlin, among whom is Walcher, former editor of The ISchwabische Tagewacht, the Stuttgart jSoeialist daily. They are charged with high treason for having distributed a leaflet attacking the officials of the majority of the Social-Democratic party. F. P. WALSH IS SPEAKER SAN FRANCISCO, Sept. 6.—Thou jsands of representatives of organized labor from the cities around San Frau cisco bay, the interior valleys and even more distant parts of the state, were in San Francisco today to join in a celebration of Labor Day at the Panama-Pacific Exposition. The ora tor of the day was Frank P. Walsh, chairman of the federal commission 'on industrial relations. For the firs: jtime in many years the San Francis co Building Trades Council and the San Francisco Labor Council were united in their celebration. Virginia, North Carolina, South .whether a laborer is entitled to dam ages, these states being: Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mlssis ippi, Tennessee, Arkansas, New Mex ico, Utah, Idaho, North and South Da kota, Missouri, Deleware and Ken tucky. Kentucky passed such a law but it wa3 declared unconstitutional because of a constitutional provision that the general assembly has no. power to lim it the amount of damages. Friends of workmen's compensation in that state are now interested in an amendment to the constitution. Montana i» the only state to reject compensation by a vote of the people. Montana's bill is said to have had some unusually objectionable features. In Wyoming, the legislature passed a compensation law after the people had ratified an amendment to the con stitution permitting It. This year Nebraska voters ratified In referendum the compensation (passed In 1913 by the legislature. EVERETT, WASHINGTON, Thttnwlay, September 9, 1916. The Right Kind of "Preparedness" Federation Secretary Insists That Workers Oppose "Peace at Any Price" STEEL TRUST SUSPECTED "Allied Interests" Said to Hide Wolf of Militarism Behind a False Pretense BLOOMtNOTON, ILL., Sept. 6 Sec- ' rotary Frank Morrison, of the Ameri can Federation of Labor, in a Labor Hay speech here today indorsed tho recent so-called staff report of the In dustrial relations commission with its findings on industrial and social con ditions. "That report," said he, "states that a condition exists in this country which must, in our opinion, appear as ! a menace to our country. "A contented and efficient citizen ship calls for a minimum wage that will support wage earners in genuine comfort. "In discussing militarism and pre- The Small Farm Fallacy Exposed By Mrs. V. Daverkosen There are, I think, several import ant facts which need illumination to convince the small tanner of the feas!-i bility of revolutionary Socialism. I present a few as suggestions. Waste of labor and material is as conspicuous on a small farm as in any other business on a small scale. But ' if it were not, capitalism does not in sure perpetuation of small farms own ed by the cult'vntors of them. In any! event, slavery and the small farm are inseparable, for no single individual can "get away with" all of the work required on a small farm at all sea-| sons of the year. Is slavery more de-j sirable in agriculture than in manu facturing? If not the farmer must choose between the enslaving of some workers or co-operating with them, i The slaves on the small farm may be,' plus the man himself, just the wife and children. (See in back numbers of the Appeal the accounts of tobacco and cotton farming.) Slavery there must be in all indus tries while we retain capitalism. It is up to all workers to say whether, we will retain capitalism and slavery, or institute Socialism with opportun ity to work on equal terms as free j men with their fellows in co-opera- i tion. If men can co-operate In manufac turing why not in agriculture? The! same social principles are involved in either case; the details of work, only,1 are different. If people can work in WILL ABOLISH CHILD LABOR SAN JOSE, Cal.—P. H. Lint is the inventor of a device Intended to take the places of men, women and chil dren to pick up Santa Tiara valley's annual crop of prunes. The invention resembles a carpet sweeper in its mode of operation and consists of a cylinder covered with sharp pins, which impale the fruits as the sweep er is pushed or pulled over the or chard. As the cylinder revolves the fruit is taken from the pins and drop ped into a box. Prunes are allowed to fall to the ground before being gathered and the back-breaking Job of picking them up Kivf's thousands of people seasonal em ployment in the prune orchards. A few men will be able to do the work with the machine. "Co-operation is in all things the law of life; competition is in all things the law of death."—Ruskin. MASS MEETIN6 SEPTEMBER 19th The Campaign Committee of the Socialist Party of Everett hereby gives notice that a mass meeting will be held in The Forum, 1612 California St., Sunday, Sept. 19, for the purpose of nom inating three candidates for city commissioners, aad the adoption of a platform. All members of the Socialist Party with dues paid up to and including August will be given a vote. The meet ing will be called to order at 8 o'clock sharp. CAMPAIGN COMMITTEE. paredness, lei it be Understood 'hat the labor movement !• not in favor of peace at any price. Our striken Indi cate there 1h h point in the lltch of trade unionists where they gird their loins for battle rather than longer ac cept unbearable conditions. Strikes in dicate life, vigor and Strength. Power to make effective protests against wrongs should be encouraged. A na tion's workers who do not posses! thla power can be of little service to Their country In Its hour of need. For Proper Preparedness "While mililai'l.siTi and preparedness are as opposite as the poles, let It be understood that labor Is alert to the kind of preparedness the steel tniHt, the coal barons, the railroad combines and allied Interests favor. Labor sees tho wolf of militarism concealed be hind the little lied Rldlnghood pre tense of those men responsible for Ludlow, who favor Cossacks In the vnrious states. The preparedneHH that these men demand is not different from a militarism so objectionable, its champions are forced to re-rechristen it. I factories without Oners between to keep them from fighting, why can ' they not be as peaceful out in the I open? Knowledge of the science of the industry and cultivated social fac ulties (social science) of the persons engaged in them are the essentials in every calling. It U necessary that i the idea of "every pne for himself" be abandoned on th£ small farm as j well as elsewhere an4 I do not see the jtise of sidestepping 'ac issue. Colleges are teaching farmers some of the science of their business, but ; the dean of the California University | Extension in Agriculture said the 'greatest difficulty the teachers have 'to cope with is the lack of co-opera tion among farmers. Farmers have; tried co-operation outside of their busi jness and failed; but if they work their brains right they need not fail when they co-operate in their industry. That I I Is the place to begin, or so it seems to me. What do I know about a small 'farm? I was assistant "chore-boy" on my father's farm when I was a girl, , so I know the barrenness and the il lusions of the small farm. Hope and air castles are the furnishings that | make them endurable. It was while I was in a land contest with land grabbers in an effort to1 j secure a small farm for myself that ] the anti-capitalism propaganda hit my ! desire for a small farm—it "died with ' ' Its boots on." As the light was thrown ' on the facts, many of which I knew, 11,2000,000 ACRES OF U. S. LAND DISPOSED OF WASHINGTON.—More than 11,200, --000 acres of land were eliminated from the public domain during the last fis cal year by homestead and other en tries, and sales to individuals, the an nual report of Commissioner Tallman of the general land office will show. There are still, however, open now, or will be. 279,544,404 acres, •'unap propriated and unreserved, of which 172,987,912 acres are surveyed and the rest unsurveyed." All this is in the 25 public land states and in addition to this enor mous area there are approximately 300,000,000 acres in Alaska which will be available to American citizens. Nevada is shown to have the most public land, 55,417,746 acres, of which almost 30,000,000 acres are already surveyed, and Missouri, with only 923 acres, reports the least public land. Michigan has 76,030 acres subject to "Labor favors preparedness, and as the first Btop in that direction we de mand that the killing of America's best manhood In the Rhops, mills and milieu of our country be stopped. We stand RghMt at the corpse-strewn bat tlefield of Europe, but let us not for get that 30,000 of our fellow country men engaged in gainful occupations are killed every year. More than this 4 every year there are 700,000 wealth producers injured and this only In cludes those whose injuries extend over a period of four weeks. No More Child Labor "And we further demand that the million and one-half of children under 14 JTMUTI of age be removed from mills and mines and placed in schools where they may be prepared to assume the burdens democracy places on each in dividual. "No system of preparedness, no log U> of national defense, justifies the dwarfing and stunting of boys and girls our future men and women. It is a false preparedness that Ignores these conditions while demanding ■botfUSa and floating forts." the illusions vanished. Naturally, I judge others by myself, so I think that when farmers under stand the principles of the social ques tions their hankering for small farms will "beat it" as mine did. SMALL FARMER MUST GO ALONG WITH THE EX HAUSTED SOIL While small property in land cre lates a class o£ barbarians standing half-way outside of society, a class suffering all the tortures and all mis eries of civilized countries in addition to the crudeness of primitive forms of society, large property in land under mines labor-power in the last region, in which its primal energy seeks refuge, and in which it stores up its ! strength as a reserve fund for the regeneration of the vital power of nations, the land itself. Large industry and large agriculture on an industrial scale work together. Originally dis tinguished by the fact, that large in dustry lays waste and destroys prin cipally the labor-power, the natural power of human beings, whereas large agriculture industrially managed de stroys and wastes mainly the natural powers of the soil, both of them join hands in the further course of devel opment, so that the industrial system weakens also the laborers of the coun try districts and industry and com merce supply agriculture with the means by which the soil may be ex hausted.—Marx's Capital, Vol. 111. INDUSTRIAL DAWN IS PREDICTED BY WALSH SAN FKANCISCO—Frank P. Walsh, chairman of the federal industrial re lations commission, in speaking at the Labor Day celebration at the Panama Exposition, predicted that this year would show the dawn of industrial democracy when all men and women shall be absolutely free. NEW YORK UNIONS PICNIC NEW YORK, Sept. 6.—lnstead of parading today the Central Federal 1 Union, the local organization of the American Federation of Labor, cele brated Labor Day by a picnic and an anti-military demonstration. entry; Kansas, 75,214 acres; North Dakota, 493,667 acres and South Da kota, 2,880,828 acres surveyed and 53, --781 unsurveyed. Society's Great Need A REAL SYSTEM By Walter Lanfersiek The cry of the modern world is for more system—system in production, system in distribution. The business man wants more sys tem because it means more profits. Even the farmer is beginning to use system in rotation of crops, etc. Ali but the workingman; he does not use any system. "System" has meant to the. worker more work and less Joy in his work; less pay and more unemployment; more heart-breaking drudgery, wean ness, sickness and death. And yet the worker is the one who needs more and better system, strange as it may seem. Now, any system of society worthy of the name would find out just how many pairs of shoes were needed, how many suits of clothing were needed. The factories would be put to work producing, and when the job was fin ished, the workers would take a vaca tion. There would be some system and sense to that. And your vacation would not be a ceaseless, agonizing search for work. Your work would be done, and it would be your time for play. Today all the play is enjoyed by your boss, the man who uses a system. He takes a vacation to Europe, or to the south in winter and the north in summer, while you sweat and toil. WORKER MUST FIGHT FOR WHAT HE NEEDS A REAL SYSTEM of society would be all-inclusive; in fact, unless it is, it is only a piece of a system. By systemizing the world, we could arrange our lives in the way to do the most good to ourselves. Now we are forced to live as others dictate. If we could produce enough to satisfy the legitimate needs of all by each one working four hours a day, why DEBS URGES WORKERS TO SHUN MILITARISM TERRE HAUTE, Ind.—Eugene V. Debs, in issuing a signed appeal to workingmen under the heading "Nev er Be a Soldier," says "workingmen are forced into war as women are Into prostitution. "The workingman who turns soldier today becomes the hired assassin," he says, "and goes on the murderers' pay roll." The appeal says it is within the power of workers in the United States to keep the nation out of war. ARE "PATRIOTS" FIRST CAPETOWN, South Africa.—A split is threatened in the Labor Party of South Africa. The clash was precipi tated when Andrews, the leader of the Labor Party in the House, made a speech in which he declared that the members do not intend to permit the movement to be sidetracked by na tionalistic patriotic considerations. Other representatives stated that the class struggle of the workers for eco nomic freedom was of paramount im portance and not to be obscured by the capitalistic war in Europe. The victory that the Labor Party, won in the Transvaal State election, accord ing to the radical Labor view, was being largely neutralized by Premier Botha's distracting the attention of the workers from the oppressions that were practiced during the great strike against the slavish conditions that were imposed upon the toilers by the mine owners and other capitalists by appealing to the workers' patriotism. The conservative element doesn't like such language and is talking of with drawing from the party. RED DEMOCRACY NECESSARY The Socialist demand for a more equitable and popular distribution of economic goods can be realized by a democracy only, by a government of the people who do not tolerate the rule of a clique which, under the pre tence of intellectual superiority, seeks to appropriate the lion's share of the social wealth. —Joseph Dietzgen, In "Philosophical Essays." Competition ia division and strife; Socialism is co-operation and peace. work more ? You might go golfing the balance of the day. They say it is gold for tired nerves. Your nerves mitht not need it then, but they cer tainly need it now. If by systematiz ing the world's work you could do your share of the work in six months, would it demoralize you to spend the other half year in "seeing America first?" Those who have seen Amer ica do not claim that it is demoraliz ing. And the world can be systematized to do just that for you. Don't expect it to be handed to you, however. You are handed Taylor sys tem, but nothing good for you will be handed to you. You must put this system in yourself. You will have to fight for it. As mentioned above, the problem for you is to arrange a more equitable distribution of the good things of this world. Of course, you can readily see that unless you own the things, you cannot distribute them. So the first thing to do is to produce them your self. Not individually, because that is the way we are doing it now; but col lectively, all working together for the good of all, not for the good of a few. In order to do that you must own, col lectively, the mines, the mills, the factories, railroads, telegraphs, stores and all those things that are neces sary in production When we all own these things collectively, our owner ship will give us the power to see that we get our proper share of the pro duct. The fact that you, in the laws you permit to be made, recognize owner ship in the things you need in order to live, gives your employer the pow er to exploit and rob you. Physical power is not in the rich—they are few, you are many. They have only the legal power of ownership, which pow er is created by your lews If you change the laws, giving yourselves the right to ownership, you will have the same power of control that the owners enjoy today. THE MAIN IDEA By Oscar Ameringer To rid the body politic of the useless parasite, and to relieve the working class of the bloodsuckers and exploit ers, is the main aim of the Socialist movement. We have social production and co operative labor in all our great indus tries. Without the brains and the muscles of the workers, all the wheels would stop. The stockholder, bond holder, the silent partner and the sleeping partner furnish the capital, but we have learned that his functions of providing the capital can be as sumed very readily by society. It takes equipment to run the post department, but it does not require the capitalist to take a rakeoff. It takes equipment to run the school system but no capitalist is needed to make dividends out of our educa tional institutions. It takes equip ment to build roads and bridges, but we have dispensed with the capitalist who formerly collected the toll. Many cities furnish water to their citizens, others supply them with gas, electric ity and transportation. A number of European municipalities operate banks, dairies, slaughter houses and a great many other industries. All we have to do is to broaden and to extend the system of municipal and state ownership. But municipal and state ownership is not Socialism. State-owned railroads and state monopolies even today are used as a means to exploit the work ing people for the benefit of the cap italist taxpayers. In order to give to the masses the full benefit of social ownership, it is necessary that the state itself belong to the people. Wo therefore demand that the class state be transformed into a government of the people, by the people and for the people. This can easily be accom plished through the extension of de mocracy. Socialism, then, is the ownership and control of the government by and for the working people, by means of universal suffrage, the initiative, the referendum and the recall. It is understood that Mr. Wilson is getting considerable melancholy con solation from the reflection that wher ever the German Tote goes in 1916 it won't go tp T. R— Boston Transcript No. 244