Newspaper Page Text
i V COLDSTOKAdKOFritUIT. CHEAT SUCCE33 IN AMERICAN SHIPMENTS TO EUROPE. Valuablo Aid Rendered to Growers nd Exporters by the Department of Agriculture Cucccas With Apples and Pears Sent to France and Eng land. "You ran never tell till you try." la the motto on wliU h William A. Tay lor, the ll-ltl nr.ont of (ho division of ivniioloulial In vo.il luat Ion In the de railment of agriculture, seems to work. His idci waa abundantly made Kxd when a cargo of russet niilvi waa itent to I'arln a month or two Hgo and audd for priced 40 percent above what the Fame, fruit would have brought in lh( home market. It Ib said to have been the first time that upphM wens ever taken out of cold btorago at that i.eaiion of the year and marlc'ted In Kurope. Why rumota should havo been chosen lor the experiment hai puzzled many observers; but for. reasons best known to theniselv.'.w Parisian apple trutrr3 had taken a great fancy to rus ret apples, and wanted nothing else when these could be got. It wan at the suggestion of tho poiuological division that this kind of fruit was shipped, and . the sequel proved tho soundness ol the Judgment. A large fruit farmer in Southern Il linois complained last, fall that he was getting next to nothing for his hard red winter apples. He carried his com plaint to Mr. Taylor, whom he knew, and asked for advice aboe.t sending tnem abroad. "London," said Mr. Tay lor, "has a taste for some other things bo more wonderful." "Would you be willing to take a carload of my applet and put them down in London under .-government auspice, If I'll guarantee the expense?" suggested the orchard 1st. "That is what we are here for," answered the pomologist. So a carload waa made up. The apples wer? eagerly oought in London for somewhat more than ?3 a barrel, which, after all cost of harvesting, packing with especial care, railroad transportation to the seacoast, etc., left a very neat return to the owner of the orchard. It did not take long for other Illinois farmers to catch the idea, and before the win ter was over thousands of barrels from that part of the country found their way to the London market. The nomologists at. the department "had an idea that summer apples, too, would sell in Ixmdon. Experienced shippers shook their hcad3 and felt sure that it wouldn't pay to try what nobody had tried up to that time. But Mr. Taylor assumed that there must be . a "season between seasons," wh?n the apples from Australasia had given out and the native apples had not yet ma tured. We have so many apples in the United States which ripen in mid summer and are delicious to eat, but highly perishable, that it seemed worth while to try to do something with them, and reoent experiments of the department with peach shipments had shown that it was possible to send very tender fruit a long distance without spoiling it. This time the de partment had to seek the orchardist, not the orchardist the department. 'Delaware apples were chosen, and were packed In quart baskets like peaches, and the baskets carefully laid in crates, all under the eye of the Washington professionals. They went safely and brought about double the price the de partment peopls had dared to estimate .for them. The next object lesson was arranged lor the benefit of the pear culturists of Niagara county, New York. The de partment undertook to see that its American clients should receive not less than the best home market price for their Bartletts. The experts sup ervified the wrapping and packing, "personally conducted" the cargo To London,, and put it up at public auc tion. Ooce more their expectations were justirled. The experiments made With Delaware and Georgia peaches not only have been successful in a pecuni ary sense, but have taugb.4. shipper here a great deal that they had not guessed before about the possibilities of storing such tender fruit in refrig erated warehouses, not merely for tea days .or a fortnight, but for five err six weeks, tad bringing them out hard -and bright and fit for all market corr tlitions. It was simply a question ol "knowing how, and knowing the scien tific reason of the how. The fruit shipping demonstrations are to be broadened this season so as to include strawberries, blackberries, raspberries, currant-., gooseberries, nintns mid cherries. There are also to fce some experiments with the co'd storage of lemons. It is a seriou3 un dertaking to bridge over the perluJ be tween the lemon's appearance as a fresh product in the spring, and the season when It is most scarce, b-it still moi.t needed tho hot spell of late summer, when the picnic is in full flower and the circus on tho move. Prices go skyward tbon with a bound, for the ordinary fruit shipper will as sure you that the lemon cannot be kept ia cold storage, and illvotritea his joint with accounts of the thousands upon thousands' of dollars lest en spoiled fruit, when venturesome per sons have tried to circumvent nature. The government pomologbts are con vinced, nevertheless that what has hw ceded with tho jvach Is not nere rarity doomed to failure with th bmon. llenco the department ia now laying it: plans for a pretty big at tempt In which pome lemon growers in California, a transcontinental rail road with a termlnuH in Chicago, and storage company In tho latter city will be parties, the government stand ing whatever b,m bhall bT Involved, but th" lemon growers getting any profit that may be netted in the end. It would astonish a good many old fashioned farmers, with their hap hazard methods, to B e how elaborate ly the govcrnmint goes Into a matter of this 'sort. In conducting the wholo busine.su from r.tart to finish. For ex ample, records are kept showing the ages of the trees on which the fruit Is grown, the local conditions of irriga tion, the amount of water consumer! by the trees, the sort of cultlvatiop and graying, etc., the dates and other cir cumstances of the picking of tho fruit, 1he period for which it Is held In stor age, the temperature to the fraction cf a degree, the exact method of wrap ping and packing, the time consumed in shipment both before and after stor age, how long the fruit is kept after all these preliminaries but before sale, the amount of fruit lost, the condition in which the remnant is marketed, and tho prlce3 brought. Later, experiments will be made with oranges, which are supposed to bo easier to keep than lemons. -., i , . , , Cold storage of fruit Is comparative ly unknown in Europe. We date our groat advances in that direction from the Pari3 Exposition of 1900, when, in order to exhibit American fresh fruit in perfection our department of agri culture had a special compartment built for it in a meat-storage ware house at Havre. The fruit was stored in New York.'Jrawn upon as needed, shipped on refrigerating steamers to Southampton, and thence, out of stor age, to Havre. To Chicago belongs the credit of having given the first impulse to the fruit-storage Industry in the United States; and It still leads the world, though widely copied in America. F. E. I, in the New York Evening Post. Is This a Thinking Parrot? M. Pierre Hachet Souplet, In "La Presse, relates a remarkable accom plishment on the part cf a parrot. He admits that the bird was an exception ally clever specimen, and he considers its achievement indicates the high water-mark of psychical possibilities as far as parrots are concerned. He had taught Polly to use the words 'cupboard" and "ladder," and as he climbed the latter he had suc ceeded in inducing the bird to articu late the word "climb." Every day when the bird was brought into tho laboratory a small cupboard waa opened, and Polly helped herself to hemp seed. One day, however, in stead of the cupboard being placed where she could reach it, It was hauled up near the ceiling, and the ladder was placed among several other arti cles in the corner of the room. The question to be decided was whether the bird, seeing that the cup board was out of M. Hachet Scuplet's reach, would have sufficient intelli gence to use words It knew in their proper sequence. The first day's ex periment was a failure. The parrot screeched "Cupboard," "Cupboard," beating its wings and biting the bars of its cage in anger, but it got no far ther. That day the bird received mil let, which it did not care for; the hemp seed, which it was very fond or, being lecked up in the cupboard. Next day Polly was in a greater temper than ever, and after a desper ate effort to break through the bars of her cage she finally caught sight of the cupboard near the ceiling. In stantly came the words "Ladder climb cupboard " and Polly having learned her lesson the cupboard was brought down and she-was rewarded with some hemp seed. M. Hachet Souplet locked upon this Incident as a proof of the association of ideas in the bird's mind, as no one had ever taught the parrot the phrase she cteated. Fad of a Famous Jackdaw The Brixton jackdaw, which was found dead recently in the bar of the Angell Arms at Brixton, London, was a great celebrity in hia own way. All jackdaws have fads of heir own, and tho favorite fad of this particular bird was to travel all over London on om nibuses, trains and cabs. He wa3 thor oughly well known to every 'busman in the Brixton district; he used to take his seat on a "bus beside the driv er, and would chatter most volubly till the journey to the city or elsewhere was accomplished, when he would fly back to his Brixton home. He was a -;ird of strong likes and dislikes, and when any of Im masters customers failed to find favor in his sight h would assail them with a most embar rassing flew of language. His Proud Boast. "What i3 your position in tho choir?" asked the new church member. "Absolutely neutral." replied the mild tenor. "I don't side with either faction." Philadelphia Press. A pretty woman Is generally taken at her face value. A SERMON FOR SUNDAY A DRILLIANT HISTORICAL DISCOURSE ON THE REFORMATION. Tim rt. .?. WMn Tlk Initrnrttraty f That IVrlol llmn tla KoiniitHtlona fTru lirllzlou Liberty Wr Isn.l FinftliiK tlm SIIii.I From Tliralldmn. Nf.w Youk Ci rv - pituirul Church. Jlr. In the Mouth Conre. k'.vn. the llcv. .1. Wilson, HK-oi-iate I'.imor. deliveicd .1 dis course on 'l ie- Stnunic fur Helium Lib erty," the pul.jert hciri " Km ope on ! lie live of the llHtoriiiHtion.'' The text ami Acts v.. :tS ami "And now I s.iv unto you. Iletrain from these men, and let them alone; tor if tin inunsi'l' nr tin woil; he of men, it will come to imuuht. but it it he of ( ox!, ye cannot overthrow it; lent h.iplv ve he found even to tiht npunst God." Mr. Wilson said: Let me uj.'uest nt the nutlet Hint the simple for ieliinin bbotv anil what h known ti the lb-format ion are not in n't respects identical movement. The llelur million w a great tidal vine which swept over Kurnpe in the wi ttiTi t ii century, out of the vast and troubled sea of the cent lil ies whine waters were grcntly ait.iled by the Ntni'.-nle for religion hnerty. It wns the culmination of that htru!e. It assert, ed the fundament,!! principle Upon winch it luid proceeded, ard succeeded in hiving ! i ron 1 and secure foundat ions upon which true religious liberty could be built, bn1- it left Hume of the higher standards and liner ideals uniittiiined. In that respect there M much vet to be desired. In view of the fact that the Reformation plit Kurope into two jjreat warring relig ious csnips, it is neccyssrv to remind our selves that, un to that time there had been but one Christian church in Western Ku rope. And the btrufile for religious liberty Vt. within that church and not out side ot it, nor nV.Jr.st it, after the first three centuries. Whatever nlory and what ever shnmp attaches to that ehurrh during the first, fifteen centuries is shared equallv by us all. Protestants and Roman Catholie alike. The Reformation it.ielf originated within the Roman Catholic Church, am! was led by men bred in her schools and cloisters. We should also remember thiit the Roman Catholie Church of thi lifteentfl and sixteenth centuries is not, the Roman Catholic Church of the twentieth century and in the United States. From a very early age religions differ ences have engendered strife and stirred the most violent passions of men. Although th Jews tast-ed the bitterness of persecu tion, that did not prevent them fmni pressing the same cup to the lips of the early Christians and. with the aid of the Romans, making them drink it to its drees. Then were written the irt pages in the most sanguinary and thrilling story a story ot unutterable suiTering and yrim en durance for conscience sake which li's torVs ppcca record. It can scarcely I.e. called a struggle. Jt wn.s as impossible for the ohseure and defenceless sufferers to re sist their enemies as for a rlv to resist, the hand that crushes it. .fudged from appear ances, was a remorseless massacre, wh'eli crushed its victims into the earth. But the real forces that were working out he proo lcrn were not on the surface. The odds against which the early Christians Ave re matched drove them to seek ref'ige in the mountain fastnesses and in the subterra nean caverns, known as catacombs. Here they cherished their faith and worship un til the violence of their enemies abated. After two centuries they came forth from their hiding places, disciplined by hard ship, trained to prudence and foresight, bv the peril in which they had lived and Avith a compact and efficient organization. Their leaders had improved their long seclusion to eu.tivate letters and arr, and soon took leading places among scholars and men of affairs: so that Avhn Constnntine succeed ed to the nndivided possession of supreme power in the l;omnn hmpire prudence, if not preference, moved him to an alliance with them. Then began a new nhae in the atmc-trle for religious liberty. The despised and persecuted Christians, now risen to places of power and nossessing the throne in the person of the Emperor, did not, abuse their trust, hucn Avas the spirit ot SAveet rea Ronameness wnn-n animated tnem that th first Christian Emperor issued an edict of religious toleration, known as the edict of Miian, Avhich granted religious liberty Avith- m the empire, on-the basis of the sacred rights of conscience, only those religions rites were prohibited Avhicii involved im morality, magic or sorcerv. Not until the fatal passion for power had been aroused in them by its possession did the Christians reaorb to persecution. The organization of the Christian chirreh kept pace Avith its enread in Europe. From Rome as a centre the missionaries penetrated to all parts of Europe. They carried with them the love of the mother church from which thev went and bound the churches which thev planted to her in gratitude and Christian felloAvship. The confidence and affection which Bhe won by her generosity and self acrifiee in the posiwL she soon came to de mand as her right, and when at length the Jiishon ot Kome securea the political pow er of his city he asnired to make the tradi tional eanital of the world its ecclesiastical cnpital also, then, with the policy of mill tary Rome the Christian church adopted also, the ambitions ind restless spirit ol the Caesars, rxrcfesiasticnl Rome usurped the rights of nvtnfcind and perverted their lilierties ns rutfuessiy as did political Rome, Tnrough successive stages the church mounted to the throne of its power until it was more aosoluce than the empire had ever essayed to be. Men I flee Gregory the ureat, Uo 111. and Hiluebrand made the most astonishing claims, and absolute su premaey in all human affairs, and treated with the utmost severity all who withstood their claims, unavailing protests to their astounding pretensions Avere raised bv men' like John S-eotus, Abelard Arnold, ot Bres cia and Wiekliff, ami in the humbler walk of life opposition showed itself in sucfn sects as the Alhigenses and the Waldenses, neither of Avhich desired to separate them selves from the Catholic Church, but bvrth of them desired that its pretensions should be moderated and its abuses reformed ac cording to the scriptural requirements ol apostolic simplicity and purity. Thenemen were simple minded and their lives were pure, but they Avere subjected to the most remorseless persecution. Their heroic en durance und unfaltering faith has covered their memory with a halo of glory like imto that which surrounds the early Christian martyrs. During the massacre of the Alhi genses avbs born the order of the I)omin; cans, into whose hands Avas intrusted the institution known as the Inquisition, the most diabolical engine of intolerance and persecution that human ingenuity ever de vised. It is the fate of all despotisms to work their own destruction by a fatal disregard of the limits of human endurance, ami when the papacy added the horrors of the Inquisition to the usurpation ot the most sacred ot human riciits. and aggravated her offenses by the flagrant immorality of the clergy, she transcended her limits and in voked the long g!u:.ibering and accumu )aled wrath of centuries, which burst forth rn tlx1 J.eicrm.r.ii -!, d,i -j her icpuv. and crici'd her lh. u( tf t wo thud m tier piriti:,ii cluiiiri if . Two Emit inoAcmerits in the Mid !! Aac contniiKtf d t.i lijsu-ii tiie tniifjipii oi re- K'lotis Iirfit v in Kii'oie. Thev were tl. ClilH.i li'i u:ld the llenais-iaucf. TV rfli' join cntliKHMMii ol Kurope, dormant b'f centuries. Wi 1 indeed bv the iurr iiciirf of I'ctcr tin" Hermit, m he prenrhed a criiKinle agnnst the intim-l lurk, f it' tlie purpose of r' selling the Ho v Sepuh'ticf from their hands. It n when a iloov l i M'.ddcnlr opened into n limine line n lire ha I t ei; long s"io'.il. r;n. prr.nt !.;'," f in its own sinokn. the whole building u wrapped in a sudden conll.igi n t ion ; or n when a oVmui long extinct burst into midden activity. A MponUtieonn tipriintr, hi ol one man. iirrHJ'.I!e;cd in hmforv. ok plii'-e among nil ''mnnm of people. Kings and peasants, priests and lawyer, men hauls mul hunker eie swept bv the same mighty impulse und tired bv the tame real, which for the tune burned aiike in vvy liiciint and submerged cu, dilations and M'll-intcrcKt. All alike were moved to venture hie and fortune in the liolv caue. luring the space of Lii0 ymn seven up ienva!s of the population took place Known as the l ru. u:es, lie ot tliein prodtg ous and two of them only relatively lesser, all of them mighty. Re fore the frenzy kin- lled bv Peter the Hermit died out 'm- lnei'so treasure Avas siiuandered, multitude of lives Avere sacrificed find apparently nothing nccomplhcd ; titil und dis.utrotu failure teemed to attend it all. Rut here again avc arc Mistaken :f Ave judge by appearance. For although the Crusaders whitened the jilaiis ff Asia Mi nor with their bones and dyed the wrnss of Northern Africa with their blood with onf achieving- any permanent results in either Asia or Atnca. their exodus trom Europe and their return to their lormer ionics aa ;-re attended liy eonsc(iunce in Europe far greater than would cave been the conquest of all the Fast and the rescue of th rclicn of i'l th saints. In the first p'.nre thev had broken the power of tho Saracens bv successive impacts upon Ihem, by prolonged contlicl with them. Thev Imd fought fire with fire. Religion fanaticism Avas matched against relig-ons fanaticism, nnd it inflicted such nuniii nient upon the rapac'oim and cruel Mussul man that he has never been aole to r.i;!y from ft. Although he reached the "horns of Europe later on. he was exhausted with the straggle, and an continued in a slnM of languishing impotencv ever since. Jn the second nlaee the Crusadea had a marked and lasting effect upon the Crii aaders themselves, and in spite of their fiiinerinu and losses t ia cam win gre.ue-r than the los-t. for it brought them into di rect and imniediat" contact with the East, at that time the cultivated and re fined portioi of the rorld. Consl antino pV and Antioch. the two great storehouse of ancient art and learning, and the cen tres of the Avealth and culture of the Lat, had become familiar to them. Antioch . . . . 1 Tl I aths tor a time in tneir nanns. i'ip sp en- did buildings, fine fabrics, beai'titul stat ue, costly cets, Avere a r-eve.ation to the Crusaders, and pervod as object lesson. while the elegant refinement, spleni'd eourtesv. wpgninVent manners and ancient learning of tle Eat were not without their fTct upon the eonr?e, nude ana nnt.imea barbarians of the pst. loose wno sur vived the conflict returned with new idea of the character of the world in which they lived, of the meaning of civilization, of the possibilities of hemanitv, and ol the de fects of KiATopa. litev had been to school and hail traveled. Their view of lib had been broadened and their ni'nds enriched by contact Avifh auncrior conditions of t't. and a great mental and moral revo.ution lad been wrought in them. Rut the Crusades had also an immediate and lasting effect unon Eurone itself. For h'- enlisting in the Crusades the serf bought his freedom from the sod. The debtor aa- freed from his creditor. He that Aynt o-it a slave enme back a free man Avith gold Aiin in bis pocket, and om" new ides of the world in his head. Serf don'. vilf,instr and slavfv wer" practical! abolished in Europe. The cities also had been able, by immense suma of reefer raid t fbe hreo!- rtary princes, who held lordship over them. to buy rherr freedom and secure enarters for themselves which made them indepnd ent in the control of pettv rulers, ami by the long sbsonee of the nobles in the F:t"tt the middle classes had learned to adminis ter their own affairs, and so the backbone of the feudal svnteni waa broken and the neriod of freedom and enlightenment came in. Modern imiiwtriarism Avas.inatigTiriuea. New idea sprang up and a redistribution of wealth and' privileges took place, to gether with a new sense of their own place a the Avovid' and neAV Avanta and ambi- tions in the common people. The imme diate results to- Europe of the Crusade were incalculable. A new spirit ot htmran ity and of enterprise, of hooe and of am bition had spnvng up, and the death war rant was signed of the aneient regime of ignoranc, superstition and terror which had reigned for a thousand years. The second great movement that hast ened the final ronfliet for religious liberty Yvas the Renaissance or revival of learning in Europe which followed unon the tabrng; of Constantinople by the Turks in That was a momentous event for Western Europe. It sent hirndreds of Greek schol ars and literatti' to find refuge in the West. The learning ad the MSW. which they brought with th-em created a great atir. Schools, academic and universities sprang up everywhere-., and the church ceased f be the sole custodian of knowledge. It 'vas as a part of that movement that th TJmversitv of Wittenberg Avas established bv the Elector of Saxonv. to Avhich one Martin Luther came in I.jOS as nreacpsr and professor of theoloiv. A sn;rit of in- ' lAiTirv Avas aAvakened, investigations were instituted, and historical and seicntitus studies were taken upln real earnest. The rold and lifeless formalism that had char acterized the logic of the school men dis appeared. The study of the Greek a"d Ko nian classic became a passion. Frinces and potentates vied with each other l" w curing eminent scholars and elewt lifer. ntti to adorn their courts, and the rich and the sreat became the profuse patrons of learning, and .snared no pains and no expense in collecting MS. and creatine libraries and schools of learninz. The minds of men already liberated from their ancient thralldom bv the Crusades Avere ouiclcened and enlightened by the new learning which soon spread among all classes of the people. In addition to these great movement and perhaps as a consequent of them was the spirit of adventure which no broke out simultaneously in Italy and Spain. Tranf-e and Enp'and. Germany and lbV f'nd. Inspired by Cohimbus, a native of Genoa, Ttaly, hundreds of adventurers braved the perils of the untraversed sea in search of nev lands, or new passages to the Enst. Nw continents Avere discovered r.nd the clobe was circuniravigited. In A'cntion also Avas ouickened. printing bv movable types fnd 'he manufacture of naper fro"i rags had but recently ben in vented. The mariner's compne cane into general use in navigation. The teleseone was invented and the heaven explored for T.pflr worlds, as the sens for lew land. The whole period Avaa onr of unprecedent ed rental activity and fcrratut. Coperr.i. by hi r e n- mj ('ect e( ,-ist r--rr . f 1 Kepler, bv 1 1 1 m 1 iv were n;i rn-olHt ' in i'lcg' ii'ronomv. -J4' of I ( thrr I l. thi'ir ctTeffs oj oti Ihc I of ineiJ, 'I d"''oV.'!V fif tit" si aifsli'h" ef I he fp' ft it rrlation to ntlur bodie m p,ec the i rumen1 dislnnees ir 'he liesvens ,i'i, the v,lt fer" nf woi.U in xpnee; (in change of roen' idya a l(. icnin. ,,f the nniveisr aid th" reve'.iiion that it " i rot the eirifi. but tlt ih" ririli w,i on' an in!gniliea"t member of ,t nvstcn w ho. centre was fcle sun: all er.'d f.i fe,( h fuen th" fi-o ertaint y and it's1 ildllv of flung thev bvl been a'''iitoincd' f" rcg ird r est.ibhnheif lw-oml the )iei adcnt ore of doubt,' a in feif tliClil to expei I and tire pared them for riseivo change i! rt,rr sphere of thought and realm of off. A spirit of nkepto'ism becme gcier ii and in vaded even th- church, and ererv'Jiinif seeno'd to conver'"' upon and conspire to ward a ninle point, until no' lung cuill wit.tisfipij he ron.pinct ion of force wlbcil Avotkd to free the l'iumn mind from bond age arid the human spirit from thrnlldotn. Reginning with the struggle for religion liberty, it r.m on to cfmipa-s th; liberty of the ay hole man and' was destined not v stop until he Avas every whit tree. Jt hiik. !,;"dy secured for us Ihc liberty ol cor . science, the right of private judgment. p t litical and personal freedom. Rut the en, is not yet, and what it shall be no matr knowclh. 1 Vtit as great and good men n ever fought in any cuuso light stil! in thes, lank, which are constantly increasing in numbers.. in power end! nr resoiUientsc. CRIM HORROR IM MCXIUN COAL MIE. Ga Explodes Hurling Twenty-rour Men into Eternity and Injuring fifty. i J Twenty-four mlncra were killed and l about fifty others Injured In an explo-. 6lon of ga that occurred Thursday night In Las Esporanzas, Mexico, coal mines, tho property of the Mexican Coal and Coke Company. The disaster waa caused by tho Ignition of the gaa by tho flame' from a defective lamp. PROMINENT PEOPLE.' Klnjf Alfonso will review the Fp.mlsh fleet nt Curthiigeiiu nt the end of July. Herbert Eoavou. Minister to Vene zuela, has Utii given sixty days' leave of nlwence. Georni'toAvn University bas con ferred the decree of Doctor of I;iws ou Secrettiry of-Commerce Cortriyou. Count Tolstoi's contrilmtiori of ?7."00 in aid of the perseeutnl JevH of Klsh inefT is one of tlie hirgc.it made In llus sia. Senator Drydcn, of Xcat Jerse.v, de-V nles the reiwrt that bo Intends to re-' sign bis Senatorial scat for Lusiuesa A rraHons. William K. Vanderbilt fins offered, his bride the money o carry out her long unfulfilled desire to build a hospi tal In Paris. Eishoj) Henry C. Totter toll the good play actors, who frequent the company of riH-toi-s and such, that theirs ia "a noble calliug." General M. W. Ransom', n former United Stntes Senator from North Cirr r41ua, Is devoting his time to farming-, and this year will run about plows t President Hadley, of Yale; Pvcsident Raymond, of Wesley tmu and President Smith, of Truiity College; will select the holders, of tho liliodes scholarships from Connecticut. Henry R. Edmunds-,. President of the Board of Education, of Phiradelphitv has declared himself in favor of modifying the curriculum of the e J -mentary public schools o the city tblr all home studyshall be made unneces sary. Itexi'ntly General O.. C Howard waa guest nt a Juvenile sociable'. A little ehap near the general displayed a good appetite. "You eat well; rny son," said the old soldier. "Yesk m" "-Now, if you, love .your flag as well as. your tlin- f ner you'll make a good patriot." "Yes.j sir; bnt I've teeu; practicfiifr eat in; twelve years, and L ain't owned a cutM Lut six months." aha the lacoDie renlr. Minor Mention. The Kurds are- talifug up arms ia Kurdistan. Bobby Walthour may give rp motoii paee bicycle riding. I Carpenters at Columbia. S. C, . hlTv iecmed a nine-hour day. California mtn owners have organ i7xxl to light the labor unions. Thugs, calling themselves "Apaches," are spreading terror In Paris. Every year Germany's population in creases nt the rate or 8()0,0tX). In Holland children are allowed to work in the factories at the age of twelve. Minneapolis (Minn.) building laborer have made a demand for twenty-ii cents an hour. Ridkard, Crofccr is snld to have offered Squire Silver ?(i.",CXX) for his extensh Letcombe estate, in Wantage, England. Former Senator John U Mclnur of South Carolina, is uow a corpora 'i lawyer, und says he is. glad he polities. y, The Empns Dowager of China Is selecting fourteen Primes of her oAvn blood for study in Euiope, Auieilca or Jaiin. The United Stales fJovernijctit spends about $TM),(Xi0 a year for bf vsw for th.? army an average of soniet "Al like $100 a bead. . .. J Germany takes good care cf Ibe in lxirer. The Stale lias insurance com panies for the sick and the aged, and accidents are well regulated. NeAV Haven (Conn.) lamp makers will form a local union of their own. They have been under the jurisdiKM'o--of the Metal Polishers' Union. ' "V, Chief Inspector Watts, of the Distr. ! of Columbia, says bis rogues' gallery1 -! collection contains about HJ.fXM) pic- hires aud the records of oii,(X0 crlinin ! als. Jake Stjihl, the Boston American's ! new catcher, is an Illinois University boy. He stands six feet three inches high and has a tremendous reach and . stxiCc. --