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Twenty-Fifth Year. JOHNSON CITY, TENNESSEE, THURSDAY, OCTOBER 22, 1908. Whole Number 1267 BOUGHT AND SOLD EMPIRES TRANSFERRING MILLIONS FROM ONE TYRANT TO ANOTHER As so Many Beasts Until Helpless Men and Women Were Murdered Cruelly (Council of Governors No. 3) We have already seen how the oiti tens of the United States have been led round by the nose for more than eighty years to raise certain selfish and ambi tious politicians into offioial station and power on the negro's shoulders, Let us now take an inventory of some of the work accomplished by it and draw the balance on the politioal ledger between profits and losses accruing to us as a christian nation claiming to be the light of the world on matters of government. But first let us take bird's eye view of the subject as we find it blazoned on the impartial pages of the world's history. During the long and bloody wars of the Spanish succession to the crown kings and queens bought and sold kingdoms and empires tranrferring millions of men and women from one tyrant to another as so many beasts of burden until all Europe was sconrged into exhaustion by the murder of mill ions of helpless human beings. But this devil's dance came to an end at last, and in January, 1713, a great peaoe congress was assembled at Utrioht to divide the spoils of conquest among the victors. No less than nine separate treaties were drawn np and sierned bv the belligerents. One of them was between England and Spain By this treaty Queen Anne, of Oreat Britain, sold to the king of Spain one-fourth interest in the Afrioan slave trade, for which she received in pay ment Gibraltar and Minorca. In 1718 a commercial company was chartered in London to buy and sell Afrioan slaves of both sexes, and that is how slavery was established in the Ameri can colonies. In 1830 oertain members of congress of the Hamiltonian school of absolutism rose up and refused Missouri admission into the union of states. Up to that time we had regarded slavery as striotly domestio institution under the absolute control of the states where it existed. Hence, when the federal sys tern was adopted in 1787 the framers of the constitution did not so muoh as mention the subject, exoept t6 out off the importation of any more slaves at ter the year 1808. Thus we see the fleht on Missouri was a flat denial to the people of the right of self-govern ment. It stultified us before the world as a nation of insincere hypocrite in teaching one thing while practicing another. But the great calamity to the oountry grew out of the bold and difi ant manner in which congress seized upon unconstitutional power and usurped the rights of the states to meddle with a delicate and dangerous subject over which they had no oonsti tutional control. Three hundred and fifty years before the apcstle Paul stood on Mars Hill and preached to the Athmians of the justice, wisdom and goodness of the Ood whom they ignorantly worshiped, Demosthenes had stood on the same hill and declared before the Areopagus: "They who aspire to an extravagant degree of power are to be opposed by force and action, not by speeches." How unfortunately true has this prov en to the United States. It fell on Mr. Jefferson's ears "like a fire bell at night" It was a sweeping revolution in our form of government. It was a Pandora's box sowing dragon's teeth in the body politio from which sprang from the earth millions of armed men in full panoply of war.. A council of governors called at that time demanding of congress to take its hands off the states by whose authority alone it came into existence as a legis lative body might haw , settled,, the whole subjeot on a basis of jnstice to all the states.. For when yoo take.up the constitution and read, it line after line not a single word, can be found to show that the convention, ever even de bated the anestion of domestio slavery in any form. It was one of, the. rights vAnarvftd in the sUtea where it existed. and not . a member, of Jhe.pcavsitfon passion. thought of meddling with it in any way. When the subjeot was seized upon iu 1820, it was to make it a stalk ing horse for selfish and ambitious men to ride into office. It was one of the sharp tricks politicians often resort to while playing the game. But lest we forget and fall into the error, let us go baok and read up on a little history woven into our national life. We have seen how a small band of absolutists seized upon the oondition of the ooun try in 1812, when the United States as just entering on the second war of independence with Oreat Britain in the hope of raising a storm against the Madison administration and thus ob tain control of the federal government. But the friends of free government were not deceived by the shouting out cries of absolutism. The plotters to get control of the federal government, make peace with England on any terms she might diotate and so get back un der George. Ill as king of. Amerioa, were disappointed in their scheme to deceive and mislead the people baok to kingly government. Though disap pointed in their reactionary trick to pset government by the people, they went over to Hartford and told all the world that they were wolves iu Bheeps- clothing by giving aid and comfort to the public enemy. Under the providence of God, Gen. Jackson with Tennessee and Kentucky riflemen closed the war in a blaze of glory in 1815. Here was disappoint ment once more for absolutism, but they never forgave Jackson, hounding him down to his grave. For five years more these offioeseekers nursed their political wrath and finally hit upon the plan to revolutionize the federal gov ernment, upset the rights of the states and convert the poor negro into a polit ical asset. And now after so many years of agitation and strife we are no nearer a just and peaceful settlement of the question than we were eighty years ago. Why is thie? It is as sim ple as any question . could be if men would stop and anoint their eyes with truth and justice so they oould see the subject as it is and not as they want it to be. .. But without further prologue let us pause for a moment in the mad scram ble to elect this or that man to the presidency and take a snap shot at Springfield. Illinois., Who can tell us the exciting cause of the riot, lynching, murder and house burning up at Springfield? I pause for an answer. Northern newspapers say it was the criminal class," and they are simply anarchists, while the southern papers answer back and say it shows the "race problem" has become national. Both are in error and show that they do not understand the question. When con gress jumped over the constitution and began to exercise oontroi, that made it a national question and it has been a national question for eighty years, The people went to sleep and suffered the politicians to lead them along and put them to fighting each across the. Mason and Dixon line for office. In the mean time the federal authorities took charge of the negro as a person separate and apart, from the white people of the states, thus setting up a negro aristoc racy in the republic This unwise pol icy naturaly drove the two races apart, and when the president exalted the negro over the white man, much better qualified, by appointing him to offloe over the white man's head, he had pre' pared both raees lor a riot on any emergenoy. The negroes became vain and self-conceited and offensive in the presence of the whites and an angry word was always followed by a blow. Suooess is the dominant idea of all Americans in every department of life, When the campaign liar starts out at our quadrennial elections he seeks to win success for his party, and his first move is to drive a wedge between the races. To stir up the angry passions of the negro is to make him a blind political slave to nis new master so he can be rounded up on election day. We have seen this game played by the federal machine here in Tennessee nntil it has split one of the parties into two hostile factions. Instead of the people ruling in their own government it means an outside force to delude aaa rule them as a lot of helpless dupes. And this is the spirit that raised the storm in Springfield, Illinois, and when the storm broke over the city its first victim was the unhappy negro who had married a white wile. Now. what is the only oertain reme dyf It is simple enough if the people will snake off their lethargy and rise up like freemen, snap tbe chains by which bosses and machine politicians have bound them. Go back to the constitu tion as it was and honestly obey its mandates. Take the negro out of fed eral iiolitics as a personal equation. Beturn him as a citizen under the con stitution and laws of the states that the white man obeys for the protection of person and property and help him when found worthy, te rise in the world. If he refnsee to obey the lsws the whites are obliged to obey, punish him as you do the white man. If this is not done the infant now at its moth er's breast will not live long enough to see the raoe problem settled in peaoe. but be will live to witness the enact ment of scenes of violence and crime that will make men and women tarn pale with horror for a thousand years to come as they read the ghastly stories of inhuman monstera erased by sooial M. T. P. FARMERS ENABLED Tl CARRY HEAVIER LOADS WITH BETTER SPEEO ON GOOD ROADS. Better Highways Will Benefit the Business Men and Farmers in Marketing Produce To the Editor of The Comet: If the furm is to be profitable it must not merely produce abundant crops. but its products must be put where they can be sold. By whatever means of transportation they may ultimately be carried before they reach the final consumer, our farm products move pri- marially over the country highway, and the condition of the road leading from the farm to the shipping point or to a near by consuming center, such as a manufacturing town, affects materi ally the profits of the farmer and the value of his farm. The condition of the road controls the size of the load that can be hauled over it and the speed at which it can be carried. An improve ment by which the farmer is enabled to carry, with the same vehicle and the same team, a load seventy-five or one hundred per cant, heavier, will result in a substantial saving in his time and in the wear and tear of his vehicles and teams. The construction of good roads leading from a market town has prac tically the same effect as bringing the farms nearer to the town. It extends by several miles in every direction the area of territory in which farmers can profitably engage in market gardening and dairying. That this is true has effectively demonstrated in those local itics in the southern states and in other sections of the country where road im provements have been carried out in telligently and systematically. The cost to the farmer of hauling his products over poor roads is not always appreciated, for the reason that it is rare that a farmer pays for having his hauling done. The United States de partment of agriculture has made an investigation of this matter, however, and the results show the cost for cot ton, for. instance, to be an average rate of twenty-seven cents per ton per mile for an average haul of 11.8 miles. That road improvement would materially reduce this cost is shown by the follow ing striking statement in the Year Book of the agricultural department foi 1906: " If it were possible to increase the average weight of a wagon load of cot ton in the United States from three bales, as it now is, to four bales, with out increasing the cost of hauling the tion of the roads will be such as to en able him to reach his place of business promptly in all kinds of weather. I think it may truthfully be said that there are few matters of such general importance to all the people of any community as the provision of good roads, and I believe, therefore, that all of us who have the progress and pros perity of the south at heart should do all in our power to aid in the creation of a public opinion favorable to road improvement. The system that should be adopted in any locality is one on which it would not be proper for me to tender advice, even if I were qualified to do so. It is necessarily a matter that can best be determined by the people directly interested and who are ac quainted with the peculiar needs and conditions in their neighborhoods. The interest of this company iu good roads as a means of aiding in southern devel opment was evidenced in a very prac tical way when, a few years ago, in co operation with the National Good Roads Association and the department of agriculture, it sent a special good roads train over the system, carrying road-building machinery and expert road-builders, who built short stretches of object-lesson roads and delivered ad dresses at central points where good roads conventions were held. The Land and Industrial Department of this company is keeping in close touch with the good roads movement through out the territory traversed by its lines, and will be glad, at all times, to co-operate with the people of any locality by giving information, or in any other practicable and reasonable way. Messrs. RMifill and Barns, Thousands of people, have stomach trouble, constipation, indigestion, sick headaphe, etc, and don't know what to do for it. Perhaps the experience of Mr. Bidgill, postmaster at Bruoeville. Tex., and Mr, Burns, Wabash By. en gineer, Bement, ill,, will suggest method,. Both of these men take pleas ure in saying that they cured themselvs with ut (Jald well s Syrup .Pepsin. It will do all that is claimed, and if von want to try it before buviner. send your address, for a freasample bottle to Pepsin Syrup Co., 119 Caldwell Bids.. Monticello, 111. It is sold by all drug gists at ooc and $1 a bottle. PATTERSON IN DEMAND, The Governor is Urged to Deliver Speeches in Several States to Help Democracy Out. Nashville, Oct. 7. The services of Gov. Patterson are in demand in many places. . Almost daily he receives invi tations to go to this state or that to help the democracy, and tonight he received the following telegram from Chicago Chicago, Oct 7, 1908. Gov. M. R. Patterson, Nashville, Tenn, Please wire and write John H. At wood, chairman of the democratic speakers' bureau, Chicago, the exact number or days and where you can speak during October in New York Ohio, Indiana, Illinois and Wisconsin. This is of vital importance. Please give all the lime you possibly can. (Signed) W. J. BRYAN, Gov. Patterson did not answer Mr, Bryan's telegram tonight, desiring first to meet and consult his campaign man ager. He is very anxious to go and help fight the party's battles in the doubtful states. He deplores the fact that he has to fight over again in his own state a battle that he fought and mm OPENS IRE 1 AT NASHVILLE IN RINGING SPEECH. "Ill THINGS TO ILL IN" Is What the Nashville American Thinks of G. N. Tillman, "State-Wider" (?) won a few weaks ago. Under ordinary load, the saving on a crop equal to the circumstances, a democratic nomina- SoeJie.daini 1""woufd nmum; l tton in Tennessee is equivalent to an 12,000,000; and if the average load of I . .. . ... . , wheat, now 65 bushe s, were increased BWBi ouu W1U Jcm '"c SU,C1UUI by 20 bushels, the saving effected in i force as a debater and his eloquence as hauling a crop like that of 1905 would be rnore'tnan $8,000,000." In addition to what may be termed the commercial aspect of good roads they have a highly important social aspect as well. They bring the farmer into closer touch with the world at large. He and his family are not forc ed to remain at home for days at a time because the condition of the roads may make traveling unpleasant if not diffi cult. Good roads insure efficient and prompt rural mail deliveries, placing an orator would be of great value to the party, but, as his friends point out, the defection and the chisra in his own party at home may compel him to re main in Tennessee and deny Mr. Bryan the benefit of his services. While in Nashville tonight Attorney General Cates was asked regarding the conditions iu East Tennessee. "The conditions in my section," said Gen. Cates, " are all right; there is no room for fear or doubt. The democracy of East Tennessee is going to support the newspaper on a table of the farmer , the nominees of the democratic party." early on the day of its publication, en abling him to transact much of his business by mail and to take advantage of early information as to fluctuation in the prices of his farm products. Good roads mean that the farmer and the members of his family can enjoy to a greater, degree the society of their neighbors and friends in the town and country. They mean that his children can be more regular in school attend ance and can receive to a greater degree J the advantages of education mean the bringing closer together of the town and country, with advantages on both sides, for as the farmer is ben efited by being brought into closer touch with the town, so all the business interests of the town prosper as the re sult of the facility with which the far mer and his family can do their shop ping. Good roods also benefit the inhabitants of towns and cities by af fording facilities for pleasant country drives. They invite the business man to the establishment of country and suburban homes, such as he can enjoy only when he is assured that the condi- J "He didn't care to write her when he wanted ber to arrange for a secret mar riage, so he sent ber a running vine.' niey leloupe." Baltimore Amerioan. Lame Bark. This ailment is usually caused by rheumatism of the muscles of the small of the bock, and iB quickly cured by applying Chamberlain's Liniment two or three times a day and massaging the parts at eaob application, t ot sale by tl. U. Miller. The American presents this morning a verbatim report of the opening speech of his campaign, delivered last night at the Vendome Theater, by Gov. Malcolm It. Patterson, democratic candidate to succeed himself. On the dates following their delivery The American published the speeches aenvereu Dy me republican nominee for the office of governor, Hon, G. N. Tillman. The people will have a chance to read what both gentlemen have to say, and after reading they can then intelligent ly form their own conclusions. In the opinion of The American and, we oeneve, oi an dispassionate men who can judge a deliverance on its merits without partisan prejudice, comparison of the speeches of the re spective candidates amounts merely to a contrast, and contrasting them is justifiable only on the grounds that contrast is the dramatic factor of illus tration. Mr. Tillman's speeches have been discussed in these columns and pro nounced namby-pamby and aneamic. He blows hot and cold. He is all things to all men. He is neither fish, flesh nor good red herring. His abject timorousness and halting diffidence are little less than pathetic in a public man, and especially in a public man in Tennessee, where the people have been taught, by experience and tradition, to expect frankness and courageous utter ance on the rostrum, and where men do not espouse a cause that can not be advocated or defended with definite and even defiant pronouncement. No man in Tennessee has ever won the ap probation of the people who attempted to ride with the hare and run with the hounds. He must show his colors. He must be one thing or the other. We desire to draw no invidious dis tinctions, personally, between the dis tinguished gentlemen. The reason of Mr. Tillman's weakness and flabbiness is that the cause he represents is weak unto flabbiness. How strangely and strikingly differ ent is the speech and tone and bearing of Gov. Patterson. Courteous to chiv alric degree, he has no concessions to make and no favors to ask. He en tars the conflict determined to win or lose, and he seeks and gives no quarters. His quest is righteous victory, and hepur sues it with the zeal of a Crusader and the remorseless contempt for opposition of a Napoleon. Undoubtedly there is much in the man, else he could never have scored so many successive victories against such overwhelming odds. He could not hav maintained his equanimity while being hectored and pecked at by intransige ant harpies between battles when he should have been resting. Undoubted ly his is an intellectual and moral big' ness possessed by few men in this na tion at the present day. Undoubtedly his gifts are great and humorous and he is richly endowed by nature. But there is also much behind him. He stands for and bodies forth what is best and highest in organized society in Tennessee. He represents and stands for what is inbred in our people what is indigenous and to the manner born. As a democrat he represents nothing imported or exotic, nothing borrowed or of doubtful birth. He represents the fruitage of thev mature thought and the noble efforts and sacrifices of those who brought Tennessee into being, who nurtured her, defended her, built her up and made her name glorious. Hence he stands on firm ground and his words go forth like steel bullets, because there is truth and meaning and majesty in them. He is a democrat and he defends de mocracy, preaches democracy, exalts and exploits democracy and defies the enemies of democracy. He is a demo crat, and he deprecates republicanism, denounces republicanism and, by tear ing the mask from republicanism, ex poses its foul and fiendish lineaments. His democracy is not a new vintage, so labeled. It comes down from the past, mellowed by the alchemy of time and enriched by the accumulated wis dom of the fathers. His orthodoxy is as adamant where principle is involv ed, yet he is abreast and sometimes ahead of the times and the vigorous adjustment and application of these principles to current affairs. Fair, fearless, enamored of the right, con temning everything that is small or mean or merely expedient, he has pre sided as chiaf executive with dignity and wisdom, and his open record is an answer to the calumnies and criticisms of his enemies and the enemies of his party. He deserves an indorsement Dy a re-eiection, ana that ne will re ceive it at the hands of the democrats in Tennessee there can be no doubt. Opposition to such an official by one calling himself a democrat is incredi ble. The democratic party deserves to live. It is the highest concrete political expression of our civilization, and Gov. Patterson is its prophet and preacher. No one can read his speech as it is here presented, and no one who heard him last night, if fair-minded and open to conviction, can hesitate to admit that he has won the honors conferred upon him well and wisely, and that he is worthy of the new honors which he seeks. The feelings engendered by the conflicts and vicissitudes of factional strue should now subside, and every democrat should go forth on election day and do his part in winning a glori ous victory. Nashville American. FIGHTING IN THE BUSHES, BUT THEY ARE DOWG NO HARM TO Sinister Warefare of Disgruntled Democrats Will Him do More Good Than Harm. H. A. PATTERSON WRITES. Open Letter to the Johnson Gty Commercial Qob -The Wa tauga Valuable Asset. Let me state the text to a large sub ject: The streams of water flowing into its great basin -area are East Tennessee's most valuable assets. Those from the Allegahny range of mountains are the most numerous, of larger volumes and more regular in flow than those from the Oumberland range. Tbe Watauga, with its numerous tributaries, is Johnson Oity'a most val able asset. To utilize it, a system of looks and dams are necessary the total cost of which will not be more than ten per cent of the ultimate value to be realii ed. The lower dam should not be higher Gov, Patterson has begun his cam- paign with all the omens of success on hi side. The lack-lustre gentleman who is opposing him has no case. The election of Mr. Tillman would mean nothing for Tennessee except a deplor able relapse. The republican party is utterly insincere in its advocacy of pro- hibition. We doubt whether there was a single delegate to the republican con yention who favored it. Mr. Tillman sent word that it must be embraced in the platform; but every one knew that it was merely a ruse of war. The sinister warfare being made on the governor by a few sore-heads will o him more good than harm. It will raiiy an lukewarm democrats to his banner. A good democrat believes in fair play; and when he finds that the man who has fairly and honorably won the nomination of his party is being knifed by the Boreheads, he is apt to Shake off his lethargy and put on hU armor. Mr. Tillman evidently went into the campaign with the idea that he would find the followers of Gov. Patterson's foe alienated from the democratic party and ready to vote for him. Doubtless he already realizes his mistake. He is creating no more enthusiasm than a wooden image. Members of his own party manifest little desire to hear him His platform is full of picayunes. There is no life in either Tillman or his plat form. Both, as the western editor said, Ire dangerously dead, Gov. Patterson has proved himself an able executive. His record has been thoroughly aired. The most energetic critic in the state assailed it for weeks, but could point out no material flaw in iiL The democracy has put the seal of its approval upon it. Mr. Tillman's criticisms are weak echoes of a mighti er censor. They are so small that they reflect upon the intelligence of the man making them. Surely this is not the up than the crossing of the Southern railway; and the steps of slaok-water I kind of man that ought to be governor up-stream should be of levels, not to I of Tennessee. 315 i BANK of COMERCE i seriously damage adjacent bottom land; but, after the mountain foot-hills are reached, the dams should be from thir ty to forty feet in height, so as to im pound large quantities of water; and secure great power. A brief discussion of the text, is this: First, the slack-water grades secured, by means oi oar nee controlled by a small steam tow-boat, will bring out, cheaply, mineral ores that otherwise must remain inaooessable exoept at heavy cost. Second, a very large amount of valuable hard and soft wood can be cheaply floated to the lower dam and there converted into merchantable lumber, and sizes, to be seut to market by rail. Third, the power to be used in generating eleotricity will supply a horse-power force amply sufficient to drive all the machinery of Johnson City and adjacent area, having a radi ous of at least forty miles, and to light all the publio and residence buildings in that area. By "machinery" I mean not only electrio, passenger and freight cars and manufacturing establishments of all kinds, but threshers and mills in the fields and on the high-grounds where water-power cannot be secured, Eeally, such a system of locks and dams on that part of the Watauga re ferred to would be of suoh adjunctive advantage to the Tennessee river in checking the force of great tides, that the general government might well af but it will be better for private capital to do all, and then hold full control of the organized power, The largest part of the work in thus harnessing the waters of tbe Watauga win be concrete-cement construction, and for this abundant and cheap hiffh grade materials are close at hand. The river, a short distance below tbe place work, cuts through massive ledges of high-grade cement rook; and the Jro- Gov. Patterson's opening speech was admirably in tone and conclusive In argument. He laid bare the utter in sincerity of republican promises in the light of republican history. He estab lished the fact conclusively that Geo. N. Tillman does not measure up to the requirements of the gubernatorial office. The governor had very little to say about the little crew of democrats who are fih ting him from ambush. He re alizes that they are doing no harm. They are not even entertaining. So he can safely leave them to their chosen spot in the Wailing Place. Nobody knows exactly what they are howling alxrat, and what is more, nobody cares. Gov. Patterson is the standard bearer of his party in this state, and he is not unmindful of his responsibilities. He has no time for small issues and per sonal suabbles. lie is fightinst not only for himself but for the presidential ticket. He can be relied upon to make an effective fight, and leave the mas queraders to their own devices. Commercial-Appeal. i JOHNSON CITY, TENNESSEE- A Despositonr for the State of Tennessee Washington County and Johnson City, Tennessee Extends to Depositors every accommodation consistent with their responsibility. Pays Interest on Time Deposits. Receives Accounts, large or small, on Liberal Terms. BUSINESS WITH UBS WE mm WANT I esse YOU TO DO 2S5a38SS3HSESSSS a us m Whws Bullets Flew David Parker, of Fayette. N. Y,. a veteran of the civil war, who lost a foot at Gettysburg, says; "The good Elec trio Bitters hare done is worth more than five hundred dollars to me. I spent muoh mortey doctoring for a bad case of stomach trouble, to little purpose. I then tried Electrio Bitters, and they oured me, I now take them as a tonie, and they keep me strong and well." 50o at H. O. Miller's drug store. In Cheyenne the other day a woman asked her husband if Bryan's daughter Grace was a debutante. "I have never Una. Clinchfield A Ohio.KSooa.- to be I heard what church theBryans belong ouen lor-iraiue. cuib wuj or lunnsisi i. u'iwi through not less than five ledge-veins of suoh rock between Johnson City and Kingnport some of -the deposits being- anyiizea as vi per cent purs.. Cannot your, club itet the- ear, and then the eye and hand of capitalists to I take hold of this valuable work Tthe paying result to be better, by several fold, than the boat bank or railroad stock. N. A Patmssoh, Ymeland, Tenn. Would Mortga the Farm . A farmer on Rural Route 2, Empire, Oa., W. A.r Floyd by name, says: "Backlen's Arnioa Salve cured the two worst sores I ever saw one on my hand and one on my leg. It is worth more than its weight in gold. I wonld not be without it if I had to mortgage the farm to get it" Only 85c at H. 0. Miller's drug store.