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SUNDAY, JANUARY 1, 1911.
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W ZT UNIVERSITY M1SSOURIAN
K,f . An K-rtoIrur Daily l.y th StudtnU In the school
K' v cJturnalL-iaiitthel"nlvvnitrif MU-onrl.
!?? 1 J.E.CHAtNOrr - MJiiasiDS Editor.
B.' . - ,
, nnBsrtrxi4)L'BiA.N association'. tc.
IasieI'kat.'ox 1'rckldcnt.
Vamitn BaYAST.NtivUirr.
. HUNCH SrLXVAitT. TTva-.ur-T.
C-A-Hawxt- , J. F. Wilijuu
VUEJYD.Ol.-V JaH.MiV
David E.Dextzr TmMiun,
'oi'nrp.: 18 Sonne eimith smrr, mosK.'-S.
Ppt.Tl at tho IVrtolScc f Columbia. Mo., ui
Ifi? MWiul-cIat-i mail roattir.
Dt carrier Jt: ly mail $5 tlie yoir.
Addnss all cusuuttcJcBtion. to
RO't"KSlTY MJSeOTRIAN
Columbia.
Mo.
rtTT7r
A NEW YEAR'S RESOLUTION.
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, It a.betler to make good resolutions
and break them than keep in the
same rut .all the time. What if people
were so fixed In their ways that a re
action never began? What if they
wcro content, cither with mediocre,
positions , or witU small success in
thelr limited sphere? Suppose the
jiower of readjustment were not pos-'-sjbio?
Human nature is never so inflexible
that the right kind of resolution Is
useless. Tho laws in the social
world aro .as fixed as in the physical
world, and & person gets back di
rectly what ho puts Into society. If
lie, is eo sure of himself that no
apparent change is desirable, then is
thp timo for greatest readjustment.
Every holiday has a well-defined
function. Thanksgiving makes people
more appreciative, Christmas more
loving and kind, and New Year's more
careful of ways of living. Tho first
fitfe. of the year is one of personal
renovation. It is tho time for char
acter Invoice. If thero is a deficit,
tho new resolution Is to bo registered
on tho credit, sldo of the ledger.
Tho observance of New Year's Day
Js necessary It has a function and
could not ,bo well eliminated. It is
helpful in making individuals step
higher, to cleaner, better .lives. It re
acts on society indirectly but surely
byfa gradual and slow 4 process of reform.
I The city of Messina jn Southern, Eu-
..-ropq, certainty is cioomou. a lire
brokesout thero this week, just a
-spear.and one day after tho earth-
j; quako calamity of last year, which
j.lcft 3.G00 persons homeless and de-
stroyed fl.000,000 worth of property.
i
PROGRESS IN AIR TRAVEL.
Among tho great feats of 1910. one
of tho most noteworthy has been the
perfection, of tho -aeroplane. A year
ago, whilo s-hort. .flights had been
made, there was' serious doubt wheth
er tho airship ever would become
practical., Now there seems to be
qo doubt that it is to be one of tho
grid's futur,o4uetliods of iravcl.
z Several aviators havo flown over
the .English channel in tho last year,
aaJJoh onq, occasion a passenger ac
coifipanied the airman. Flights of a
hundred miles have become common.
The a'titude record has been raised
from a little more than 4,000 feet to
moro""thau 11,000 feet. ' 'Instead of
there being only ono or two skilled
drivers, thero oro now hundreds of,
good aviators. And their number is'
increasing. , T
As it Is at-i present, tho aeroplane
or dlriglblcj;whllc it is not a reliable
means of travel, shows great future
promise. If the same progress is
made- iiu-1911 in developing the art of
aviation as Was made In 1010. the
airship' will soon be as common and
-, as rcllablo as the-, automobile. ..
' More than a thousand men have been
discovered in Ohio who sold their
votes in tho November election. And,
byHbo" way. many of the presidents
of. tho United States have coma from
that'Btatc. - '
TH.AT..,THANKSGIVfNG GAME.
Too. question of where tho Missouri
Kansas foo,tball gamo is to bo played
wlU como. up at tho meeting in Des
Moines, 'January 6. A year ago tho
Missovrl Valley Conference adopted
a'rule prohibiting the praying of col
legiate contests in any but college
towns. Since that time there has
.been considerable agitation by resi
dents of Kansas City to keep the
gamo In that city. i
Tn'ooiUy-argument that can be of
fered for the playing of the game In
Kansas City is that the two schools
would get more revenue. In the past
tho Kansas game has supported Mis
sourl athletics to a great extent.
On the other hand there are many
reasons why the game should be
played in Columbia and I.awrcaca.
One reason is that all the large
schools havo'discarded the plan of
playing their football games In the
large cities. The sport has not suf
fered from the move.
If the games were played in the col
lege towns, In a short time the accom
modations would be good enough to
handle the crowd that would attend.
Judging from the experience of Har
vard, Princeton. Yale, Michigan and
others, the crowd at the Missouri-Kansas
game soon would bo as largo as
when the gamo was played in Kansas
City.
Playing the game in Columbia
would mean much lu fostering the
spirit of loyalty among tho alumul.
Instead of assembling etery year at
Kansas City, they would conio to Co
lumbia, and thus would keep in closer
touch with tho University.
If tho game is simply a business in
vestment or a money making scheme,
by all means play the game in Kan
sas City; but if it is a college mau's
contest, let it be played in tho col
lego towns where It will servo the
better interests of tho college.
A Kansas City man's expression of
his affection for his wifo was so
3trong that ho broke two of her ribs.
Surely love-making in Kansas City is
becoming strenuous.
YOU LOSE.
Tho forty-five fires that occured dur
ing the yir 1910 in Columbia, caus
ing a loss of about flOO.OOO wcro not
necessary. It has never been denied
that better firo protection is needed,
but whenever tho subject Is brought
up, it is usually quieted by the state
ment that the town has no money, and
consequently cannot provide better
firo protection. If this is the case,
then the town must get the money.
It is a mistake to charge tho an
nual loss by fire to the insurance com
panies that pay tho bill immediately.
In reality the loss is paid by the own
ers of the other insured property cov
ered by the company. Real estate
men are not philanthropists they arc
just ordinary business men. II is a
simple business proposition wherein
tho people of Columbia are losers. Do
you want to save money by paying
out a littlo for fire prtection now? It
is up to you.
The Kansas City ordinance which
provides that women in that city shall
'muzzle" their hatpins or be subject
to a fine of SI to $300 may be termed
a question in point.
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IS HE RIGHT?
"At a recent meeting of music teach
ers at Uoston, President A. Lawrence
Lowell of Harvard ' University, de
nounced organized collogo cheering
dud singing as one of the worst means
of expressing emotion?. He also de
nounced tho kind of "ragtime songs"
which aro heard nt gatherings of col
lege men and then declared that this
marks the direction of the musical
taste of all cultivated people today."
He bemoans the fact that tho musical
taste of the American people is sink
ing lo.ver year by year.
While it may be considered that
somo of President Lowell's criticisms
havo just foundation, there aro some
of them with which university men
may not agree. Ho has failed to ap
preciate the youthful emotions that
pervade the hearts of students. Songs
and cheers are necessary at certain
times and places. Thero must be
something to cause a unified spirit
among students and a love for their
school, Juct as thero must be martial
Vausic to instill patriotism into sol
diers on the field of battle. These
cheers and 6ongs, however inane and
meaningless they may appear to the
casual observer' must exist at a uni
versity. They thrill and inspire and
present an outlet for an excess of
youthful enthusiasm that 'nothing else
can do.
President Lowell has undoubtedly
failed to observe the effect that these
songs and cheers have on the stu
dents when the -honor of the univer
sity is at stake. For instance, wou'd
it not be useless to question their ap
propriateness n the football fie'dt
When tho team is winning this is
tho natural outburst of praiso for work
well done, but when the rival team
is near our goal, cheers rcvelvc the fel
lows thafare striving to proven' the
honor of the school from falling in
the dust.
Songs and cheers aro certainly ap
propriate here, but there are other
times when many students would
agree with President Lowell's slate
menls and say that college yells and
songs are out of place and inappro
priate.
The city or St. Louis is fighting a
smoke nuisance. Or course this does
not apply to boxes of Christmas
cigars.
THE VALUE OF EXPERTS
One phase of tho usefulness of the
College of Agriculture to the farmers
of tho state as a whole, is illustrated
in the invitations extented to the
members of the faculty to address
farmers institutes over tho state.
Several men have already gono out
to farmers' conventions in different
parts of tho state, and many more
aro planning to go in January and
February. These men speak on differ
ent agricultural topics that are of im
mediate value to the farmers. What
tho lectures really amount to is that
tho tcbool is being taken to the farm
ers of the state allowing the farmers
to como Into Immediate touch with
tho College of Agricultuie.
While tho plan of traveling over the
stttto speaking at such meetings is a
great advertisement for tho school,
tno greatest result is the advancement
of agricultural methods throughout
the state. The value is therefore two
fold. Tho farmers of tho state get
valuo received from tho lectures and
demonstrations given, nnd.tho College
of Agriculture gets apart of tho
credit for tho work. Certainly then,
any fair-minded man will say that the
College of Agriculturo is 'an institu
Hon worthy of permanent support in
its work of advancing better agrlcnl-J
tttral methods in tho stato and pro
moting the material prosperity f the
citizens thereby. . ,
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A Lay Sermon.
PAUX. THE
It would take a
APOSTLE.
long and canefui
search to find in history & more strik
ing combination of zeal and energy
than that to be seen in tho character
of Paul, the Apostle. We see him
first fighting the infant Christian
church. One of the first things, we
learned soon after wo started to Sun
day School was that ho helped to kill
the first victim, Stephen.' The Chris
tians wero scattered ovei the country
by this persecution in which Paul's
influenco was not the least.
It would seem that Paul was a be
liever in the saying: "Fools never
change their minds." for in a remark
ably short timo he was working? as
zealously for Christianity as he Iliad
worked against it. The familiar
"Chart of Paul's Journej lugs." show
ing the trips made in spreading the
Gospel, looks' Iiko the report of a
forced military march. It tells a strik-jtho
ing story of the restless energy, or
this man a .story that cannot be so
vividly told- in words. Though l he
visited many citierf and countries on
two continents and many islands in
days when travel was difficult. v" he
planned other journeys which be
never made. Ono was a trip to far
off Spain.
In order to carry out the purpose
that burned like a firo within him,
this man of education and lofty char
acter endured every hardship. To
begin with, he suffered from physical
ailments. Ho told his peoplo at Cor
inth that ho received forty stripes
from tho Jews flvo times, that he
was beaten with rods, stoned, ship
wrecked, that he floated on the water
a night and a day, was in peril of
robbers, heathen, and his own coun
trymen, in perils in cities, the wilder
ness, the sea and among false
brcthcrn. Ho said that ho suffered
from weariness, paiufulncss in watch
ings, hunger and thirst, fastings, cold
and nakedness. Ho was imprisoned.
Besides all this he carried the re
sponsibility of looking after - the
churches he had planted.
Even though ho had not done so
much to spread Christianity, still
Paul's career would be valuable as an
example of what a man can do under
unfavorable circumstances. Paul
worked under a stress that would
drive the ordinary man in a short
time to a sanitarium, or a renuncia
tion of his views, or to obscurity:
and he had the satisfaction of feel
ing, as he says, that he "fought a
good fight."
A New Power.
Among the new men in national
politics. Governor-elect Woodrow Wil
son, of New Jersey, is probably re
ceiving more attention and favorable
comment than any of the others. Last
week ho was St. Louis's guest, whero
ho was warmly received and honored
by the entire city.
Having accepted tho Democratic
nomination for governor of his state,
Dr. Wilson resigned tho presidency of
Princeton University, made a short
whirlwind campaign and wa-s elected
to that office by a large majority. Dr.
Wilson is a Democrat and spells it
with a capital "D," but ho is tho first
one In several years to seriously im
press the people ol New Jersey.
Dr. Wilson is 51 years old and was
born at Staunton,. Va. He received
his academic training at Princeton
and later studied law at tho Uni
versity of Virginia. After prac
ticing law in Atlanta, Georgia,
founded Johns Hopkins University and
jurisprudence and political science.
With his famous thesis, "Congression
al Government," he graduated with a
Ph. D. degree in 1S85.
From Johns Hopkins, Dr. W.ilsou
went to llryn Mawr as associato pro
fessor of history and political science.
He afterwards held' a similar position
at Wesleyan University In l'JOO he
was called to Princeton as professor
of juribprudenco and politics. So no
ticeably successful was ho iu this
work that when President Batton re
signed as tho head of Princeton in
June, 1902, Dr. Wilson was unani
mously elected as his successor. His
administration has been marked with
brilliant achievements throughout,
and It was with keen regret that his
resignation as president of Princeton
was accepted.
Dr. Wilson is known to havo some
of tho clearest and sanest views of
any present-day political scientist. As
an expounder of pure democracy. and
sound doctrines along political lines,
there aro none more-capable and more
active than bo. A man of the highest
Intellectual training, his teachings arc
simple and forceful. Though a close
student, he is anything else but a
recluse or one of the "high-brow" typo
of professors. Ho believes in people
and has much respect for the views
of others. Ho says:
"My experience in conferences ha3
taught mo to reach tho conclusion
Uhat; tho ,geueral-aiid..aycrage udg;vcn minion ucMiars. ji nereare now
ment of the group' is better than the twenty-three 'foPeign' and Colonial
Individual judgment.
Common coun
sel is a winnowing, purifying and rec
tifying process."
To a Inrge part or tho citizenship
of the country. Dr. Wilson is recog
nized as the clearest and most accu
rato thinker, along matters of politics
In tho Unfted States. Only one thing
remains for -him to do T3n fully es
tablish himself in tho minds of theoc
persons a& the greatest Democrat and
tlje most promising of presidential
possibilities, and that is to bo success
ful as tho governor of New Jersey.
Successful in everything else he has
undertaken, ho has shown elements
of leadership. He has determined to
rid his state of political bosses and
purify its affairs. Itapidly he is be
coming master of the situation,
though racing strong opposition.
Dr.' Wilson is a firm believer in
open politics. He believes ofhcc-hold-crs
should let tho people they repre
sent know what they are doing with
trusts that havo been gien them.
He says
"Have jou oibr noticed how much
politics is transacted behind 'closed
doors? Whoso business was it these
politicians were discussing? Your
business. Why haven't you a right
to know the basis as well as the re
sults of these conferences behind
closed doors?
Dr. Wilson proposes to let tho peo
ple of New Jersey khow what ho is
doing as governor, and he says he
will receive any proposal or talk to
any man, his only request being that
tho man "shall not He."
"If ho lies," says Dr. Wilson, "that
ends my relations with him."
A Southerner by birth, an Eastern
er by habitation, a Westerner in his
ideas of openness, along with his
master-mind and position in life, make
him a national figure. A man of ideas.
a man or purposes, strong, open, de
cisive, ho takes up tomorrow as gov
ernor of New Jersey his first duties
as r public officer.
"I am a friend -of labor," says Dr.
Wilson, "but not against any other in
terest. I am a friend of capital, but
not against any other interest. Wc
must get all interests pulling together
in harmony for the common good."
State and nation are watching Dr.
Wilson's course with keen interest.
If he puts into use some of iits best
ideas: if he whips out thoNbosses in
his state; if he purifies politics among
his own people, he will establish him
self as not only one of America's
greatest political scientists, but also
as one of her greatest political
leaders. J. C H.
The World's Postal Savings Banks.
Tho United States is now proceed
ing iu a tentative and cautious way
to lest a new method of caring for
the savings of its people through the
medium of postal savings banks.
Doubtless a large proportion of our
citizens, strong In the belief that their
country leads all others in tho dis
covery and exploitation or new ideas,
suppose the world Is waiting for the
result ol our experiment. But in this
respect most of the clvinzcd nations
and their colonics have been so long
using postal machinery for this pur
pose that the practice has become an
ingrained part of their economic pol
icy. Tho National Monetary Commis
sion has been assembling a series of
comprehensive and exhaustive reports
on the postal savings bank systems
of the leading countries and it is
ready for distribution as senate docu
ment No. C5S.
The surprise o! this revelation is
not that a few countries have pre
ceded us in this undertaking, but that
it is so universal. It prevails in all
parts 'of tho world, Christian and
pagan. Not only in Europe, but in
Asia, Africa, America and the islands
of tho sea. That it is popular is
evident from the fact that only iu
two places where the institution has
been once established, Jias it been
discontinued. These are 'Victoria and
Hawaii, yet under somo governments,
it has been in operation for nearly
half a century. The United Kingdom
was the first to make the venture.
Tho law authorizing it was passed in
1SG1. and it went into effect three
or four months latci.
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Tho results have been interesting.
From 1SG1 to 1S93 the reports showed
an actual net profit every year. For
tho four years following there was a
net loss. Again in 1900, 1901 and 1902
the income was greater than tho ex
penditure, but from the latter year
thero has been a Fteady deficit aver
aging moro than half a million dol
lars annually, caused by tho reduc
tion of the rate of interest in British
consols from 2 to 2 per cent, the
deposits being principally invested in
theso securities. Tho interest al
lowed, depositors is 2 per cent, and
though there has been a bill before
Parliament to reduce it to 2 it has
not yet gone into effect. Still the
actual surplus profits above all losses
between 1861 and 190S wero over
eleven million dollars. There are now
Government savings banks, participat
ing in the arrangement with the Brit
ish postofllco savings bank.
Canada, as tho couutry nearest us
having this system, has tested its
value for over forty years. It began
in 1SC8. Until 1S92 the. amount that
could bo deposited by onopcrson was
three hundred dollars and his total
could not exceed a thousand, hut
since that dato the figures havo been
increased to a thousand and three
thousand, respectively. This indi
cates a papitalistic rather than a
working-class patronage, and the com
paratively high rate of interest with
which tho system was inaugurated,
coupled with practically absolute safe
ty, has encouraged people, of means
to use it as far as the limit would
permit. For more than twenty years
four per cent was paid, but since 1S89
the rate has been reduced twice, first
to 34 per cent, aud then to 3. The
chartered, banks have had to conform
closely to the interest rate of the
postal savings banks and until tho
latest lowering of the rate tho busi
ness iuterests or tho country wero not
helped by that condition. v In 190C
there were thirty depositois Tor each
thousand population, whilo in Great
Britain thre were more than two
College Opportunity
In view ot tho numerous and munifi
cent bequests made to American col
leges anl utmersitics uiinng the last
twenty-Hvo years, tho question natur
ally arises, arc lucre greater educa
tioual opportunities now than former
ly for the poor boy? or, to put it in
another way, hae tho opportunities
of tku poor boy for obtaining a col
lege education increased with the in
crease of endowments, gifts and be
quests? It must bo remembered that
there always has been opportunity for
the poor boy determined upon obtain
ing an education, not only in this
country' but in othors. At all times
there have been boys willing to work
for their tuition and board, and at all
times such boys have found helpful
frieds in colleges and college towns.
But a much larger number or boys
who havo been without the means
have been deterred from seeking high
er instruction on these terms, not so
much because of an indisposition to
"work their way through" as for lack
or the self-assertion, perserverance,
determination, which has entered Into
tho character of their more pushing
and, perhaps, more successful brothers.
hundred.
The French law Tollowed tho efforts
or M. Cochery. under secretary of
state, in lSSl,yho thus justified It:
"When private enterprise can attain
its object, the stato must disappear
but when prlvato initiative is power
less, it is tho duty of the stato to
lend its assistance. It is because the
prlvato savings banks cannot meet
all the wants of the thrifty population
that wo have submitted the bill under
consideration." and it became a law
tho following year. Tho rate of in
terest has been changed but once,
dropping rrom 3 to 2& per cent
While Italy is doubtless over-populated,
it will not do to magnify the
conditions of poverty too much. Her
postal savings bank system was es
tablished about thirty-five years ago,
but it now has five million patrons out
of a population hardly above thirty
million, and their deposits aggregate
1290,000,000. In addition thero aro
many small co-operativo societies in
terested In agricultural credits that
do not look to the state for help.
They? are made up of tho very people
who need to borrow. There aro abut
eight hundred of these popular banks
with a half-million members and capi
tal and reserve of nearly twenty-three
millions.
Before 1SC3 Belgium had only ono
savings institution worthy .the name,
but five years later the postoflices of
the kingdom were added to the ex
isting agencies. Russia adopted the
system twenty-one years ago. nnd now
it has deposits of ?12S,873.1C9. repre
senting L7S8.990 accounts and aver
aging seventy-two dollars to a deposi
tor. All savings Institutions are un
der tho control of tho Imperial Bank
and the uniform rate of four per cent
is paid on all deposits, great or small.
Austria fell into lino In 1833 and
about ten per cent of her population
aro depositors. Hungary followed
three years later. One of tho pro
visions of its law is that if no de
posit or withdrawal has been made
on a deposit book for a consecutive
period or thirty years, every claim to
a repayment of ,the whole or any part
of the amount is forfeited.
Our government has tried tho sys
tem upon at least ono of its depen
dencies, before venturing upon it for
tho uses of -its own people. It was
established by the Philippino Com
mission in those islands" four years
ago last May. and the banks are di
vided .into three classes, thoso', which
receive deposits to any amount those
limited to tho amount of a singlo de
posit and those that receive deposits
only by means of stamps. An interest
rato of 2yi per cent is allowed. At
tho beginning of thfe present year
there were 237 of theso savings bank
offices and 10,39Sc'depositors.
Tho United States appears to have
started in upon the basis of the
French under secretary's logic. It
has mado its beginnings in those
places where prlvato initiative has
not yet made adequate, provision for
the needs of industry.- In this state,
Norwood has been selected as the
trial point: in New York, Cohocs; in
Maine, Rumford Falls, and so on.
These ore manufacturing towns where
thero aro many workers and k' diffu
sion of earnings. Few countries havo
fixed the rate as so conservative a
figure. rAt two per cent the depositor
Is allowed something for the factor of
safety. Men may pass a savings bank
without thinking much about it. but
the 'operations of the postal system
ii'av sutrsrest thrift because of their
greater" familiarity with Its agencies.
and tho results of the experiment Just
launched will be awaited with'-inter
est. Boston Transcript.
Tho question referred to has spe
cial application to tho boys who are
anxious to obtain an education, pro
viding they do not have to make too
great sacrifices for It. It might be
even moroi correct to say that it ap
plies mostly to parents who are de
sirous of educating their boys, but
who cannot do so unless tho terms
ore l.jtde easier than those normally
prevailing.
Thero is less difficulty today in
earning ono's way through college
than ever before. Some sort of em
ployment may be had by any willing
and competent youth. But the fact
must not be lost sight of that tho task
requires courage and determination;
nor must we forget that thousands of
boys rather, than -enter upon It leave
school prematurely and abandon ca
reers in whicbr they might win notable
success.
It is to bo hoped that educational
benefactions may never ceaso until
every child and young man and wotn
aq In tho country sliall be granted free
access, if found deserving, to the very
best and highest training that can ba
obtained. This, however, will have
to come to all as a right, not as a
favor. In the present age there should
be no charity scholars, for knowledge
should be as free as air. Christian
Science Monitor.
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