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NATIONS
Nnw Lire at Old Nineveh American
Machinery and Enterprise Have
Penetrate i to the Remotest City In
Turklah Empire.
By WILLIAM T. ELLIS.
Momi!, Turkey In Aida. American
papers tannine; over the ruins of
Kineveh that la the striking symp
tom which I hare to report from this
;Ity, itself anciont, across the river
from the capital of world dominion
'during the height of Assyria's power.
These paradoxes of progress niay be
found all along the Tigris river, as
prophecy of the not distant day when
this cow somnolent region, once tho
renter of the world, will have been
wakened to the modern civilization
which Is the most powerful of all the
conqueror that have swept over tho
earlli.
The very day I arrived here 25 Chi
cago reapers carne also, to augment
the pioneer six already here. The
liy seems quite aroused over agri
cultural machinery and I was en
treated to urge American manufac
turers to send catalogue, If not
salesmen, as well aa a goodly supply
of duplicate parts; for your oriental
It miner hard on machinery, and ho
baa no "faculty" la improvising
makeshifts or repairs after an acci
dent. And he la a long way from
base. These Chicago reapers came
from New York to Liverpool, trans
shipped to Tort Said; thence up the
Persiun gulf and the Tigris river to
Bagdad, and then on the backs of
camels for tho twelve-day Journey to
this plxce. Soon the hum of Ameri
can machinery will be heard over
the paiaces and temples and streets
of old Nineveh, which Is now all farm
land. ICven Jonah could not have
prophesied this.
An Ice Machine and "Allah."
The morning after my kelek, or
raft,' tied up above tho brldgo of
boats which links Mosul with tho ru
ins of Nineveh end Nebl Yunls
(Prophet Jonah," tho name of a tomb,
a mosque and a village imiid the ru
ins) I was visited by an American
from Providence, U. I., who saw the
American flag flying above my tent.
Since tho new regime ho has re
turned to (his, his old home, bringing
vnrious lniprovenuiits for 1 hid un
touched section of the Orient.
The most marvelous, in the eyes of
tho natives. Is nn Ice-making machine,
which is surely needed, since a aura-;
mer temperature of 110 degrees Is
common In Mosul. The ignorant find
fanatical Moslems look askance at this
Interference with tho ways of Allah.
According to their reasoning, If Allah
'bad wanted it to be cool ho would
havo made il so. "In'sh Ali.ih" "It
is God's viiT' Is tho phrase that
paralyzes j. regret and destroys an
American's temper, as the natives thus
lay all their laziness, lying anjgeueral
russedm-rs on tho Lord.
"In'hh Allah,'" stood seriously in the
way of this loo machine, but even It
had to 6and aside when an American
saw clear profits of J20 a ton in plain
sight. Neiit an American soda water
fountain will follow tho Ice machine,
for Ottomans or very fond of drinks,
and tho Prophet forbids alcohol al
though tho use of intoxicants is on tho
lnereate among Moslems. In summer
the wealthier classes la Mosul pay
three em's a pound for snow, brought
from the mountains, packed In straw.
Where "Muslin" Gets Its Name.
Aside from being generally consid
ered tho mo.it inaccessible of all the
cities in th. Turkish empire, and
apart from its long and romantic his
tory, Mosul's chief liuk with popular
interest is 'be fact that from Its name
is derived the. word muslin, that ar
ticle havliig originated here. Like
cost TuikLsh cities, its glory lies
chiefly in tho past. It has no manu
factures at present, although it ex
ports largely of wool, hldis and Will
r.uts, for tanning. It was interesting
to learn that much of tho wool of tho
fnt-tailed s-lieep which I havo been
watching day after day along the river
is consigned to a Philadelphia firm.
The hides, also, find their way In largo
quantities to America.
The fanaticism of tho city is fa
mous, although it was a pleasant Eur
jirlso to l?nd natives speaking grate
fully of tho memory of Dr. 'Williams,
father of Dr. Taleott Williams of Phil
adelphia, who lived hero many years
ago, before this mission station of
the American board van abandoned.
Ab a rule, Moslems hereabouts havo
wcunt courtesy for Christians. They
say, "Allah tnado both heaven and
liell, bo both must be filled ; and that
is tho reason for Christians." An
other local proverb has 11, "Fire must
have aiieks, and hell must havo Chris
tians." lesplto this prevailing sentiment,
tho more Intelligent citizens confess
that regardless of tho theological prob
lems which tho admission involves,
the Christian nations havo been great
ly blessed by Aliah, and it behooves
Turkey to learn modern ways from
them. There nro only from nix to a
dozen Kul'opcans or Americans pass
this way In a. whole, year, ho It seems
elrango to find such a general aw ali
ening among' public men to tho ad
vantages cf twentieth century civiliza
tion. TI;ero are no native born Amer
icans here, and only the olio returned
emigrant, whom I have mentioned, But
there las been nil Inevitable reflex
luilui-ULOi fi'otu the people who buva
gone to Americh to live. Only nun
can I account for tho extraordinary
venue of things American, und tho de
mand for American Imports.
A Governor' Appeal.
The last of the v.-iIIb of tho old regi
me governs this vilayet; and I found
him more of a Young Turk than some
that boast tho title. His Integrity
and public spirit is the subject of gen
eral comment. Although a septuage
narian, I found tho vail an animated
friend of reform. When ho ptiHhed his
fox to tho back of his bald head, in
the Juantlest manner Imaginable, and
talked with hands and eyes and lips
about the need of better transporta
tion faclltles, there was no doubting
hie sincerity.
lie spoke of tho desirability of hav
ing an American railway come
through, because, he said, the Amor
leans push whatever they undertake
and do not play politics with their
business concessions. "The Ameri
cans are waking us all up. I wish I
could travel to that wonderful new
West; but you see how far we are
from everywhere. Now, If airships
were running" I offered to forward
his order to America for an airship,
for Immediate delivery, which idea
quite upset him.
lie appealed to mo directly to place
tho case of this fertile country des
tined again to be the center of a great
grain-growing region, before American
business men. The need for everything
modern Is apparent. The market is a
virgin one. Tho people are predis
posed to American wares. All about
are oppoilunltles. Coal and oil abound,
practically unworked.
As to the latter statement, there is
evidence which thrusts itself upon the
years. One rttfiot'n flMcovry 1s fn
ancient mode of burial. The dead
wore encan d In clay or Ktc.ro sircoph
agl, in tho ease of the wealthy, itrd la
enrthcrn Jars, In the case of the l'.,nr,
and burled a few fret under the floor
of the living rooms of I ho dwelling
houses. In some cases, elaboruto
mausoleums havo bet n unearthed a
few inches below tho floors.
German devotion fo science is car
rying on this great work, but the ln
oipllcable policy of Turkey, which re
cently, for example, permitted a price
less Assyrian marble bull at N'novaU
to be broken up for lime, will not nl
U)w any of the results of the exca
vators' work to be taken to Perlln.
Every brick of value, every inscrip
tion, every statue, cylinder or other
"find" must bo boxed up for shipment
to Constantinople. The Germans must
pay the Balary of an army officer, or
commissioner, who stands guard over
their work to see that nothing is made
off wllh surreptitiously. The Oermans,
of course, make copies of all the In
scriptions and drawings and photo
graphs of all the plans, In none oT
which are the Turks apparently at nil
interested.
Making the Arab Work.
An unexpected light upon the
changes that are taking place in the
immemorial Fast was revealed at
Shergat. The inscriptions bIiow that
5,000 years ago the Arabs from the
adjoining desert were accustomed to
raid the settled communities, even as
they have been doing ever since. This
Is the headquarters of the fierce and
famous Sha.mmar Arabs, and the day
I was in Bhergat I saw a military ex
pedition of 3,000 men. Infantry, artlb
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Cau!tl Hardly Hoar
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Bonnet of last and Smell Were Also
Greatly Impaired.
'T wa (ifTlirUd with catarrh," wr!l,
Piime Foil" l.lanon. Knnaa. "I
t'xm rvrrl different mpdiciic, jivln
each a f;ilr trial, but (jrfvv wort until
I cotdd hardly har, t:ite or amc'i. I
WRt about to giv vi in d'pnir. but fn
rlietfd to try if.im'j's Ksriwparilla. After
taking thrae Imttli-s of this mcilirlr.n I
WRi cured, and have not bud any return
of the d'e."
Ilood'a humnrinrin e!T-rt radical and
permanent curt of calnrrh.
Get it today in usiml liquid fnnn or
cliocolatod tablets called Soraotabe.
DANGEROUS VARIETY.
UBOR GIVES ITS APPROVAL
Powerful American Federation Cordi
ally Jolna In riflHt Against
Spread of Tubarculoaia.
Direct approval of the campaign for
the sale of Red Cross seals has been
riven by the American Federation of
Labor, according to an announcement
by tbe National Association for the
Study and Prevention of Tuberculo
sis. At the last annual convention of
the American Federation of Labor
resolution was adopted calling on all
the members of the Federation to
further the sale as much as possible.
The resolution reads as follows:
"Whereas, The American Federa
tion of Labor has in every possible
way aided the movement for the
tudy and prevention of tuberculosis
throughout the United Slates and
Canada; and,
"Whereas, the American National
Red Crops has been In the past and
la now making an especial effort,
through the sale of Red Cross Christ
mas seals, to secure funds to carry
on the war against tuberculosis, and
by means of the fund raised in this
manner has been able to do much ef
fective wori in this direction, there
fore, be it
"Resolved, That the American Fed
eration of Labor give Its endorse
ment to the movement of the Amer
icn National Red Cross, and encour
age its members to further in every
reasonable way the sale of these seals
in their respective communities."
The Happier Age.
The Pronze Age man chuckled.
"If I waa steel, I suppose they would
dissolve me," he cried.
Herewith he rejoiced he didn't live
too late.
Tip i
m Si . v-t - J
Caroline sihe may be a gossip, but
I believe she tells the truth.
raul'ne My dear, the truth la fre
quently the worst form of gossip tniar
Inable. A Matter of Constitution.
"There" no use talking about wom
en making themselves the equals of
men. They never can do it. It'a a
mere matter of constitution.''
"How do you make that out? It has
been demonstrated that women can
endure hardships even more stoically
than men."
"Oh, I don't mein it that way. Tbey
will always wait for the change, even
if It doesn't amount to more than a
cent"
No Jury.
"Didn't you give that man a Jury
trial?"
"Look here," replied Broncho Bob;
"there ain't a big lot o' men in this
settlement We couldn't possibly git
12 of 'em together without startln' a
fatal argument about somethin' that
had cothin' whatever to do with the
case."
The public has an Inconsiderate way
of remembering the prophet w hen the
prophecy fails, and of forgetting him
w hen it comes true.
Equivocal.
"Gladys can't hldo the fact that she
dyes her hair yellow."
"You don't suppose, do you, that
she could keep it dark?"
l t MH..ix.i annua
5 ; j- J CC ? N' V-: 0 t V, N i C tt K L M LCV1
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V J I IIIIIJI IMm
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COUCHSi r ; L. f 9
4 ACHC
Carlnj for Conaumptlvea.
There are now four special method!
by which consumptive worklngmen la
tbe United State are belnf cared fon
In such cities as Albany, Elmira and
BInghamton. N. Y., tbe unions support
a separate pavilion cr hospital. ta
cities like Hartford, New Britain n
South . Manchester, Conn., the workt
men contribute towards the malntei
BBnce of a fund for the care of coa
sumptlves. The employers also coj
tribute to these funds. There are als
two national sanatoria for the treat
raent of tuberculosis owned and opei
ated by labor unions; one by the is
tercatlonal TypographicsJ union and
the other by the Printing Pressmea
and Assistants' union. In Masr.achi
setts, Illinois and elsewhere large co?
roratlons and macufacturers fcav
agreed voluntarily to care for all theil
consumptive employes for a limltef
length of time.
Scouting at Home.
"N'o thanks," says the man with ths
grlzzy mustache. "I'd like to lndtilg
in a little game of poker tonight, bul
I think I'd best go home.'
"Nonsense!" says bis friend.
"What's changed you all of suddeuT"
"Well, you see, my son has Joined
the Boy Scouts, and tbe little rascai
has become so shrewd that he cao
tell by where my hat Is Just whal
time I came In the eight before."
Judge.
Silent Innuendo.
"That woman always speak3 k'ndlj
of others."
"Yes," replied Miss Cayenne; "bul
she always does it in such a way M
to imply that Ehe Is making some ter
rlble mental reservations."
Asthur Now Eeing Excavated by the German Qovernment.
mere layman. If a western Pennsyl
vania man could see tho crude petro
leum which has exuded from the earth
floating ou the surface of the Tigris
he would have a serious attack of
"oil lever." At one spot, not far from
here, I visited tho oil w ells, which are
operated, after a fashion. They a.e
not oil wella nt all, but oil lakes, from
which both gas and oil flow without
digging. Ten retorts, made of scrap
Iron, mud and old Standard Oil tins,
were distilling the crude petroleum at
tho rate of one Standard Oil tin per
day to n retort. It is so poorly done
that the output can bo sold only to the
Arabs, Kurds and Druses. All the jby
products are, of course, wasted. Yet
here Is a seemingly unlimited supply
of oil, as well as of natural gas, coal
ami asphalt.
A Hint From the Ancients.
The mention of asphalt suggests a
particular which ahows how clearly
civilization has retrograded in these
parts. Of tho numerous sources of
bitumen find asphalt in this region,
Turkey and tho Arabs havo made no
use. Yet I myself have seen it used in
the buildings and pavements of the
Assyrians of 4.000 years ago. We
know that tho spade has revealod its
use lu the Tower of Ilabel, and the
I'.lblo records that Noah pitched the
ark. Yet for hundreds of years tho
same sources of supply have been al
lowed to go to w aste.
At Shergat, a short distance down
the river, tho Germans have for seven
years been conducting excavations on
the site of Asshur, the oldest of As
Hj rla's capitals. They fiud that pitch
was commonly used, and asphalt.
These excavations, by the way, are ex
traordinary, both In what they have
found and in tho thoroughness with
which they aro being carried on.
Six Germans are in cbargo of the
work, which is maintained by tho mu
seums and tho Herman government
at a cos, of JL'O.OOO a year. Tho entire
city, including palaces niul temples
and fortifications, is being laid bare.
Sumo of tho buildings uncovered date
back thirty five hundred years beToro
Christ. Oihets aro as recent as the
ear -iH) A. 1. One section, which the.
excavators call their Pompeii, shows
the life, of tho community most inter
estingly. The Ftroets, tho shops and
tho residences havo been laid bare,
ttfUr being burled from 3,000 to 4,000
lery and cavalry, all well equipped and
uniformed, going ofl to put the fear
of tho Young Turk government Into
these independent marauders.
It is the Intention of the cabinet, I
know, to break the independent power
of all these Arabs, as it has already
done in tho case of the notorious
Ibrahim Pasha and of the Druees. How
well they have already succeeded in
Instilling respect for law and order
is evident from the fact that I, like all
other recent travelers over this region
which once was considered so danger
ous, have been in no wise molested.
I have not had occasion to point my
rlfio at anything bigger than a goose
or a pelican. And it may be worthy of
remark that this Tigris region 1b a
sportsman's paradise. X'lgeons, du?ks,
geese, heron, crane, pelican, partridge,
pheasant, and other fowl unknown to
me by name, abound in unlimited
quantities.
To return to the Arabs: Tho Ger
mans have put a large force of them
sometimes as many as 200 to work
on the excavations. The best of them
make as much as 5 cents a day. This
la a great advance, for your noble
Arub. like the red Indian whom he in
so many ways resembles, does not
like work. He will shoot and steal
and talk, but work la for women.
These Arabs who have taken to pick
and shovel and dirt basket are de
spised by their kinsmen of the desert.
True, they nro a poor lot, an appalling
percentage of them being afflicted
with syphilis, which they call "tbe for
eigners' disease." None tbe less they
aro working, and this 1b news, iudoed;
a rare sign of the awakening of the
oldest people.
(Cepyrltht. 1311. by Joseph B. Bowles.)
Building Up Canada.
During tbe immigration season
which is just closing more than forty
thousand new settler havo entered
Canada through the port of Halifax.
This Is S.000 more than lust year. Of
this year's total 30, 000 were of British
origin, tho Scotch predominating,
and tho majority were well to do.
All headed for the Canadian west to
engage lu farming.
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The big coffee trust, mado up of Brazilian
growers and American importers, ha3 been trying
various tactics to boost the price of coJTco and get
more money from the people.
Always the man who is trying to d: era
money out of the public pocket, on a combination,
hates the man who blocks the game.
Xow comes a plaintive bleat from the ''exas
perated'' ones.
The Journal if Commerce lately "A stir
ring circular has just been issued to the coffee
trade.'' The article further enys:
"The coffee world is discussing what is to be
the future of coffee as a result of the campaign
of miseducation carried on by the cereal coffee
people. Ve have before us a letter from one of
the largest roasters in the South asking v. hat ran
be done- to conn Vract the work of the enemies
of coffee.
"The matter should have been taken up by
the Brazilian Gov't when they were completing
their beautiful valorization scheme."
A Core
v V7 !
City's Splendid Record.
New York city has iKml led tha
value of tho output of ltj lUBO.tfau
tured vi'vdueta lu tbe lust ten ; y.
Then the article proceeds to de
nounce Postum and works Into a
fine frenzy, because we have pub
lished facts regarding the effect of
coffee on some people.
The harrowing tale goes on.
"Where a few years ago every
body drank cofTee, several cups a
day, now we find In every walk la
life people who imagine they can
not drink it (The underscoring is
ours.) Burly blacksmiths, carpen
ters, laborers and athletes havo dis
continued or cut down tho uso of
coffee; as there Is not a person
who reads this and will not be able
to find the bame conditions existing
among his own circle of acquaint
ances. Is It not well for tho Hrazil
lans to Bit up and take notice?"
Isn't it CUrioiIS these "bur
ly" strong men should pleU out cof
fee to "imagine" about? Why not
"Imagine" thut regular doses of
wblskey are harmful, or daily Slugs
cf morphluo?
If "Imagination" makes the caf
feine in coffee clog tho liver, de
press tho heart, and steadily tear
down tho nervous system, bringing
ca one or more of the dozens (
types of diseases which follow
broken-down nervous rystems,
many people don't know it.
But it remained for the man who
has coffee, moiphlno or whiskey
to sell, to have the supremo nerve
to say: "You only imagine your
disorders. liep on bnvir.g from
Let us continue to quote from his
article.
"Notwithstanding the enormous
increase in population during the
past three years, coffee shows an
appal'.ing decrease lu consumption."
Then follows a tiresome lot of
statistics which wind up by show
Ins decrease of consumption In
two years of. In round figures, two
hundred million pounds.
Hera wa see the cause for the at
tacks on us and the Brazilian
sneers at Americans who prefer to
use a healthful, home-made break
fast drink and incidentally keep tho
money in America, rather than
send the millions to Brazil aud pay
for an article that chemists class
itrainp the drusts and not among
the foods.
the reader please remem
ber, we never announce that coffee
"bvrts all people."
;y.m:o persons seem to have en
cos vitality er.ough to use ooffia,
tobacco n ad whiskey for year and
apparently ba notio tho witm but
tho number Is small, tnd when a
sensible man or woman tlm'.s an ar
tU'lo acts harmfully they exercise
somo desrree o fntoiliiier.ee by
d.'opplng H.
YYe fjuote n.rala from the article:
"Theso figures aro paralyzing
but correct, being taken from
'oh's statistics, recoulzel as
tKe niO'l reliable."
ThU Is one of tbe highest com
pliments ever paid to the level-headed,
common sense of Amerlcacs
who cut off about two hundred mil
lion pounds cf coffee when they
found by actual experiment (In the
majority of cases) that the subtle
drug caffeine, in coffee, worked dis
comfort and varying forms of dis
ease. Some people haven't the charao
ter to stop a habit when they know
It is kiil'.t g them, but it is easy
to shift from coffee to Postum, for,
when made accordlug to directions,
it comes to table a cup of beverage,
seal brown color, which turns to
rich golden brown when cream is
added, and the taste Is very llko
the milder grades of Old Gov't Java,
Tostum is a veritable food drink
and highly courishlng, containing
a. I the parts of wheat carefully pre
pared to which is added about ten
Ter cent of New Orleans molasses,
and that is absolutely all that
Postum Is made of.
Thousands of vls'tors to the pure
food factories see the Ingredients
and bow prepared, livery v.uoTs.
and corner is open for every visit
or to carefully inspect. Crowds
come da.ly and teem to enjoy it.
"There's a Reason"
I'uaium Orra! v'enipanv. I.imi:l
lUtile Cicck. Mul.-r.xu
