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LOAN FORECLOSURES
CALLED BAD POLICY
'Creditor Who Squeezes Farmer Now
Is Destroying Own Business,"
Says Federation
Governor Proclaims
Bred Poultrly Week
Urging poultry breeders, officers and
members of poultry associations and
instructors in agricultural schools and
colleges to give special attention to
the improvement of Minnesota flocks
by the introduction of standard-bred
stock, Governor J. A. O. Preus this
week issued a proclamation designat
ing the week of March 13 to 18 as
Standard-bred Poultry week. The fact
that this is the first time that a gov
ernor of a state has issued such a
proclamation indicates the importance
f the poultry industry in the state,
according to N. E. Champman, assist
ant professor of poultry husbandry at
the University of Minnesota. The pro
clamation follows:
"The peopLe of Minnesota derive
each year an income from their poul
try business which is exceeded by very
few of its products. Federal census
figures show the total value of the
poultry and eggs produced in the state
in 1919 to have been $40,902,152 This
is nearly half as great as the value,
of our entire wheat crop and more
than half as great as the value of
OUT dairy products for the same year.
"That there are profits in store for
poultry growers is indicated by figures
of our agricultural college experts,
who show that poultry and eggs are
the only farm products, other than
potatoes, having a greater purchasing
power in 1921 than before the war.cent
Using the average from 1910 to 1914
as 100, they show that chickens in
October, 1921, had a purchasing power
of 109 and eggs 116. It is also shown
-that the stocks of eggs in cold storage
today are much less than they were a
year ago.
"The profit can be increased still
more by an increase in production.
The average production in 1920 was
only sixty eggs per hen. Thi can
be doubled with little if any increase
in cost. Improvement in the flocks
can be accomplished by the introduc
tion of standard-bred stdck, which
will tend to produce more and better
flesh and larger egg yields. Now
therefore, I, J. A. O. Preus, Governor
of Minnesota, do hereby designate the
week of March 13 to 18 as Standard
bred poultry week, during which poul
try breeders, officers and members of
poultry^ associations, and instructors
in agricultural schools and colleges,
are urged to give special attention to
the improvement of our flocks by the
introduction of Standard-bred stock.
"Poultry growing, like every other
branch of agriculture, can be made
more profitable by improvement in
both quality *ahd quantity and_ it is
to the interest of every citizen "of the
state to see that this is done, because
the prosperity of our farmers will be
reflected in every other line of busi-
ness."
________
RURAL ACTIVITIES AND NEWS I
O INTEREST O TH E FARME I
Foreclosure of farm mortgage^ and
contracts for farm laud deeds is "the
worst possible business policy for any
creditoi," the Minnesota Farm Bu
reau federation declared today in an
official statement.
The federation has launched a vig
orous campaign against foreclosures,
warning creditors that wholesale clotv,
ing out of farmer borrowers would do
irreparable damage to Minnesota agri
culture, and delay indeiinitelj the reevery
turn of normal prosperity.
"The man who is actually on the
land, fighting to hold his own against
-high freight rates, high prices of the
things he buys and low prices for the
things he sells, desei\es e\eiy chance
to make good," the federation said.
"The creditor who forecloses a moit
gage against such a man is following
a short-sighted and ruinous business
policy. Minnesota farm mortgages
are among the soundest securities on
the market today, they are being
sought for by investors The creditoi
who follows a policy of foreclosing
because he has the legal right to do
o, is destroying his own future pros
perity. The time will come when he
can do no more business Better
times are coming. And when they
come, the farm loan business will go
to those investors who are lenient in
this present crisis. The farm mort
gage holder who is broad-minded
enough to see that the permanent
prosperity of the whole state depends
on a prosperous farm population will
not squeeze out any farmer who is
doing his best. The mortgage holder,
or the man selling farm land on con
tract, who closes out a hard-working
farmer at a time such as this, is iso
lating himself for years to come.
"Neither prosperity nor confidence in
the return of prosperity', can be
brought about by foreclosing on pro
ducers who are unable, through no
fault of their own, to meet interest
bligations
"Public welfare, as well as the best
business interest of the individual
creditor, demands that every sincere
farmer borrower be carried by his
creditor just as long as it is neces
sary, and humanly possible."
ft
The Pneumonia. Month
March is a typical pneumonia month
and usually gives a high rate of mor
tality for the disease. After a long
and hard, winter, the system loses
much of its resistance and, people
grow careless. When* every cold, no
matter how slight, i3 given prqmpt
and intelligent attention, there is
much less danger of pneumonia. It
should be borne in mind that pneu
monia 'is a germ disease and breeds
in the throat. Chamberlain's Cough
.Remedy is an expectorant and cleans
out the germ laden mucus and not
only a cold bu
preventspleasant-growthn
its re
suitincures in pneumonia.t It is
to take. Children take it willingly* Ti
v4'
VALUABLE POINTERS ON
GROWING SWEET CLOVER
I
Seeding, Growing and Handling the
Crop and its Utilization for For
age and Green Manure
The following suggestions by Emil
Wagner of Ada on the growing and
handling of sweet clover were recent
ly published in the Norman County
Index. Many farmers in- Marshall
County are interested in this crop and
we beliew the information will be of
value to them.
Sweet Clover is an important for
age crop in the North Central states.
It is being cultivated in practically
state of the Union, and the acre
age is being incieased rapidly.
The White species comprises a very
large percentage of the present acre*
age of sweet clover.
It is relished by cattle, sheep and
hogs, and they do exceptionally well
on it.
There is little danger of bloating
cattle or sheep on it as is true of the
other clover and alfalfa.
It provides the earliest pasture in
spiing, the latest in tall, and an abun
dance of feed throughout the summer.
Winter-killing is practically un
kiiow.
Sweet clover is dapted to a wider
range of climatic conditions than any
of the true clovers, and possibly al
falfa.
Sweet clover will grow on practic
ally all soil types found in the North
west.
Sweel clover ismore drought resist
ant than alfalfa or red clover. It
grows luxuriantly on alkali ground.
In the Northern states the best re
sults are usually obtained by Iseediug
with a nurse crop.
It dies after the second season. It
grows only from seed, not froi. roots
or underground stems. i not a
weed as some seem to think. It can
be killed out at will.
Only seeds which have been tested
for germination and purity should be
sown, unless the rate of seeding is in
creased.
Growth
When soil and weather conditions
are favorable for* germination, sweet
clover seedlings wil lappear a week or
ten days after seeding. On account
of the biennial nature of the plants
they do not seem to make much
growth the first month or six weeks
after germination, but during this
time they are developing root systems
very rapidly, thus becoming well es
tablished so as to withstand adverse
weather conditions. Plants that have
made no more than two inches of top'missioner
growth often have root systems six
inches or more in length.
The plant usually makes a growth
of 12 to 24 inches the first season.
They make an early and vigorous
srrowth the second spring, .growing
anywhere from 5 to 10 fieet in height,
and making an erect branching
growth. The flowering season begins
about the last week in June, and lasts
from three to five weeks. The flowers
are borne on long, loose racemes, and
are very fragrant, being excellent for
honey production.
Cultivation
Sweet clover does best on a fairly
firm seed bed, with enough loose soil
over the top to cover the-seed well.
The ground may be prepared as for
wheat. Throughout the Northwest it
does best when seeded with a nurse
crop, which may be any of the small
grains. The custom is t6 steed in the
spring, although good results have
been obtained from summer or early
fall seeding, when weather conditions
were favorable.
It is advisable to sow only seed
that has been tested for germination
and purity, as there is a wide varia
tion in different seed. A large per
centage, sometimes as high as 90 per
of the seeds have a very hard
coat, being almost impervious to wa
ter, therefore they will lay in the
ground for weeks and sometimes for
a whole year before they will ger
minate. For this reason it is desir
able^to sow scarified seed if possible.
The scarifying process breaks the hard
coat and allows water to enter and
act on the seed germ.
The amount of seed to be sown de
pends upon a number of conditions,
chief of which is the germination.
Eighty per cent or better is consid
ered a good test for sweet clover seed,
and if this percentage of seed ger
minates", 10 to 12 pounds per acre will
give a good stand. If the crop is ill
tended chiefly for hay and pasture,
more than this may be sown (about
20 pounds is..suggested) as a thicker
stand will result in a finer grade of
forage.
The method of seeding is practically
the same as with red clover or al
falfa. The seed, may be mixed and
sown directly with the grain with
good results, but it is preferable to
use, a grass seed attachment. Another
method which gives good results is to
use a broadcast seeder, and follow
with a harrow.
Pasture
As sweet clover makes a consider
able growth the first season, it may
be pastured to a certain extent the
first' fall. It is not advisable to pas*
ture it down too* closely, however, al
tho it rarely ever winter-kills.
The second spring it may be pas
tured as soon as growth commences.
After it is well started it, will require
a considerable number,of stock to
keep it down as growth is very rapid.
As a usual thing the sweet clover will
not be pastured off uniformly, so that
a considerable number of stems con
tinue growing, which will soon pro
duce flowers. To allow such plants
to develop to the flower and seed
stage will prevent possible^second
growth coming from the plants.^There
fore i order to secure "Ik" second
for late pasture the plants
should be clipped before the blossoms
set on*- This clipping may he cured
for hay.
Eor hog* pasture a* mixture of
Dwarf, Essex rape and sweet clover
has been found to produce excellent
results. With sweet Clover aloiie the
greatest difficulty ih to keep the plants
down for this reason, they will prob
ably have to be clipped se^olal times
during the season.
Hay
If*the crop is intended for hay the
first cutting should be made before
the flower buds appear. This is usfor
ually about the 10th of June. The
crop should be cut rather high, about
4 inches, or above the lower joint*
The first cutting will be found to* be
similar to alfalfa, very snappy, and
considerable time must be allowed for
it to become" cured. If the follow inn
growths are to be used for bay, the
same process should be followed. Each
crop should be cut before the plant*
become woody, or much of the palat
ability will be lost.
Hay and Seed
If a crop of seed is desired, the
second crop should be allowed to rimaintaining,"
pen. Sometimes the first crop is al
lowed to go to seed, but as a rule the
seed crop will be more uniform and
easier to handle if the fh'st growth is
cut for hay. The seed crop is in con
dition to be harvested when about
two-thirds of fhe seed pods are brown
Green Manure
The heavy growth of sweet clover
and it's piopeities as a soil buildei
make it an invaluable crop to turn
under for green manure. The best
time to turn it under is after the
vlauts have made a certain amount of
growth tlie second spring. The held
may then be planted to almost any
late crop. Where summer fallowing
is practiced, it is doubly effective
when s_veet clover is seeded the year
before, thus providing a heavy crop
of green manure to be turned under.
Eradication of Sweet Clover
Some farmers hesitate to plant
sweet clover on their farms for fear
they will have difficulty in eradicat
ing it when the fields are planted to*
other crops. The results obtained an
nually by hundreds of farmers are
sufficient proof that there is no founda
tion for such fear One precaution
that is necessary to take is to have
the plow lays sharp, and to turn the
growth under well when plowing the
crop under in spring. If this is done
there will be no difficulty with the
sweet clover showing up in the subse
quent crop.
CORN TO PREVENT
DRIFTS ON ROADS
Practical demonstrations that rows
of corn left standing nearby prevent
the blocking of highways with snow
drifts tfiis week prompted Charles M.
Babcock, state highway commissioner,
this week to recommend to the farm
ers of the state general adoption of
the idea next year.
The result accomplished, the com
said, bids fair to be the
same as that represented by big out
lays for snow removal in winter. In
cidentally, he added that a general
snow clearing campaign would so
costly that no funds would be left for
regular permanent and maintenance
work during the seasons when the
public gets the greatest general use
of the highways.
W. F. Rosenwald, state highway
maintenance engineer, suggested that
Minnesota farmers make plans at once
to help keep roads open next winter.
Places where the snow fills the road
should be noted now, he said. Then
when corn is planted again, eight or
ten rows should be grown on the
north or west sides of the stretches
and about 50 to 100 feet from the
road. Left standing next fall, the
rows will act as effective snow fences.
The plan has been successful this sea
son in several parts of the state.
Income Doubled by Cow Testing
Look on this picture: I is esti
mated that the average Minnesota cow
produces annually 4,000 pounds of
milk containing 160
poundsoof
fat, which, at av
butter-
valuation 3 6 cents
a pound, is worth $57.60. The cost of
feed based on cow testing records for
average-cows is $38.65, leaving a re
turn over and above costs of $18.95.
And then-von this: Average figures
for eight cow testing associations re
porting for 1921 to E. A. Hanson,
dairy specialist with the agricultural
extension division of the University
of Minnesota, "indicate that each cow
produced 6,379 pounds of milk, con
taining 258 pounds of butter fat,
which at a valuation of 36 cents a
pound, wa9 .worth $92.88. The aver
age cost of "feed was $46.89, leaving
a return in excess pf feed costs of
$45.99 which is more than twice as
much as the average cow returns.
Records of testing work kept by
Mr. Hanson show that testing almost
invariably results in increased yield?
of milk and butterfat.
Auction Time will soon be
here and the
Right Auctioneer
Means $ $ $ to you.
More than 20 years experi
ence in selling enables me
to render you a service
that will pay you and I
give my best efforts to the
small as well as the big
x- i sale*
Blake dates with your bank
or address me at Warren.
TOBY SCHE_#
Hi
|i The Warren Auctioneer.?
Phone 230.
-#,5
DEFECTIVE PAGE
COfJNTY AGENT COST LESS^
t* THAN HALF CENT AN ACRE
The cost of the county agent ser
vice to counties of the state of Min
nesota amounts to less than one half
of a cent an acre on the basis of a
total acreage in farms, according to
Frank E. Balmer, state leader" of
county agents. This, he explained, is
on the basis of data obtained fronr
the federal census of 1920 and
thesons,"
Minnesota tax commissioners report
1920 and takes into consideration
the proportion of taxes paid by towns
on rural property only. Asserting that
the gain from the service greatly ex
ceeds the cost, he declares that the
cost per acre of total land in farms
for the total general taxes payable in
1921 amounted to $1*32 an acre. One
half of a cent out of $1.32 an acre
doesn't add very materially to the
cost of government, he says.
"County agents as wells as others
connected with the work are glad to
have the \alue of the service ques
tioned, for it must worth more
than its cost, else it is not worth
Mr. Balmer says. "Na-
turally the record of achievement in
each county must answer that Ques
tion. For the state at large it can
be quickly proved that the gain from
the service greatly evceeds the cost."
20 CREAMERIES SAVE
$8,000 IN FREIGHT
Twenty co-operative cieameries in
Minnesota have saved $8,179.60 in
railroad freight rates in the last six
months.
Results of consolidated marketing
by creameries in Meeker, Wright and
Kandiyohi counties, composing Dis
trict No 1, were announced by the
Minnesota Co-operative Creameries as
sociation, Inc., at state headquarters
of the farm bureau. In 'six months,
the district reported, the 20 creamer
ies shipped 85 carloads of butter. Af
ter paying all costs of concentrating
the butter in carlots, the difference
between carload and less than car
load rates amounted to a saving of
more than $8,000.
S. G. Gustafson is fieldman for the
district, with headquarters at Litch
field. He reports better prices obtain
ed as a result of quantity shipments.
In some creameries, quality of butter
.produced was improved through cream
grading, without loss of a single pa
tron.
COW TESTING GROUPS
^INCREASE FROM 20 to 35
Since the National Dairy show was
held in the Twin Cities last October,
the number of cow testing associations
in Minnesota has almost doubled, ac
cording to E. A. Hansen of University
Farm, in charge of field work for such
associations. Fifteen new associations
have been formed, making a total of
35 in the state at this time. The
largest number in active operation at
any time before this date was 26, says
Mr. Hanson. The new associations
are in Anoka, Carlton, Kanabec, Mow
er, Nicollet, Olmsted, Ottertail, Pen
nington, Pine, Renville, Wabasha,
Washington and Winona counties. Mr.
Hanson says the monthly reports from
the associations show a growing tend
ency towards better feeding methods.
An outstanding record for grades was
made by a grade Holstein cow in the
Blue Earth county association. This
cow produced 950 pounds of butter
in a year on three times a day milk
ing.
GOING INTO HONEY BUSINESS
A number of our country people are
talking of going into the bee business
on a small scale. It* is a good idea.
Honey is a pure food and jpays big
returns for little labor. Dean Woods,
in a talk at the Baudette Fair some
years ago, said that there were 5,000
pounds of honey going to waste each
year in every township in the county.
Williams Northern Light.
_- _1
G. W. SMITH, DRAY LINE.
Dealer in Coal, Wood and lee.
Phone 232 Warren, Minn.
WANTED
CHEAP SEED MAY BE
DEAR AT ANY PRICE
The season is near at hand when
the farmer will begin to line up his
supplies of seed for planting purposes.
If he has his own supply, he should
be preparing it for seeding if he has
not, he will be looking for it on the
market. Poor seed means a poor crop.
."Seed may be poor for several rea
says A. H. Larson in charge of
the seed laboratory at University
Farm. "It may not be adaptable to
the conditions under which it is to be
grown, or it may not be the right va
riety to plant in the particular locali
ty. It may contain so much weed
seed that the crop plants do not get
a chance to do their best because of
the weeds crowding ttiem.
"Too often, the farmer's own supply
of seed, judging by its purity test,
shows that he* does not possess a" good
fanning mill or else does not care if
he does keep his field well seeded to
weeds. Weeds are such because of
their ability to grow in spite of ad
verse conditions, and when they are
coddled by the farmer, by his sowing tuted.
them with his crops, they often re
spond with a sturdy and luxuriant
growth. A recent farmer's sample re
ceived by the university seed labora
tory contained approximately the fol
lowing number Of noxious weed seeds
per pound. Perennial sow thistle,
3.378: Canada thistle, 102 dodder. 92,
and quackgrass, ^17. Multiply these
by the number of pounds of seed sown
per acre and the possible number of
these weeds per acre will be appalling.
While this is not an average sample,
it shows a possibility.
"Good seed, the right variety, free
from weed seeds, and with a gCod
vigorous germination, is the cheapest
in the long run. If the farmer can
not raise it. he can get it on the
market if he demands it. All agricul
tural seeds, sold or offered for sale,
must be labeled as to purity, germin
ation, dafe of germination, kind,
where grown, the seedsman's name,
and the approximate percentage, if it
contains any, of quackgrass, Canada
thistle, perennial sow thistle, and dod
der. If the seed buyer will only de
mand this label, he will be safeguard
ed it is his guarantee. When buying
seed one should always deal with re
liable concerns.
Sprays of pussy willows cut now
and put in water in a warm place
soon open up and make good bouquet
materials alone or mixed with other
flowers.
The right sort of advertising will
create a demand for what you have to
sell. A good example of creating a
demand is that of a certain new con
fection just lately put on the market.
It is said that in four months the new
firm putting this product out did a
business of $2,000,000.
BUCKWHEAT CROP GOOD.
BuekNvheat, according to Dr. Arthur
T. Evans, associate professor of agron-
W k**V*
There are three principal 'things affecting
quality that cai\ and should be attended to on
every wheat farm. They are: Good seed of the
best adapted variety a fertile soil and care in
harvesting and threshing.
Permitting the grain to get wet in shocks
or stacks is responsible for much loss every year
blight as a result of exposure to rain and sun,
"sprouting, molding and heating in the stack or
bin, are some of the most common evils.
^te
^'^P*^P*^ai^!:**:* feM?!^ii
"."V*
Sizes
60-egg to %000*C
No system of legislation or co-operative marketing will bring a good price
for inferior wheat. JVe must,maintain the quality for which we are celebrated.
It IS probably better in all years to Stack cleaning and fanning of it to remove trash, weed
wheat. This is especially true in a wet year or
when the thresher is not immediately available.
Threshing green or damp wheat and putr *e* bread wheat _id growers must preserve the/
ting it directly into the'bin, will almost always stand&fd^and quality or we will lose the great
^result in loss. prestige which we have always enjoyed.
omy, at South Dakota State College,
is a valuable crop. There are two
common varieties, the Silver Hull and
Japanese. The former has a light
colored*seed and is a smaller plant
than the Japanese which has .a brown
to black seed.
Ordinarily, he says, buckwheat will
do better under cool moist conditions
but the long period of flowering as
sures setting of seed if favorable wea
ther occurs. Buckwheat is one of a
few plants which do well on poor or
stony soil. A crop will be produced
there when other crops would not
thrive. It does equally* well on good
soils.
This crop is generally planted* dur
ing the month of June and matures
in 60 to 80 days. Ordinarily it is
seeded at the rate of three or four
pecks per acre. As it blooms until
frost, the plant is cut when the most
seed is present. It may be cut with
out twine, dropped in piles and
threshed from the swath. As the seeds
are easily cracked, the concaves are
removed from the thresher and board
or smooth concave plates are substi-
mi
The seed is considered of especial
value as feed for poultry. The flow
ers are valuable as a source of hon
ey. The straw rots quickly and is
good as mulch.
Luke Rielly Says, "The at Died Be
fore Reaching the River."
Since moving near the river 2 years
ago, we've always used RAT-SNAP.
Watched a vicious water rat, nibbling
at RAT-SNAP outside the house.
About 15 minutes later he darted off
for the water, to cool his burning
stomach, but he died before reaching
it." Three sizes, 35c, 65c, $1.25. Sold
and guaranteed by Warren Pharmacy
and Peoples Trading Co
iP
K.
The Peoples Trading Co.
Spring wheat is our money crop and will be for many years and we _*e niaking a mis-
fake whenever we neglect our wheat or allow its .quality to become impaired. ^IStv^-^l
"SPRING WHEAT CROP IMPROVEMENT ASSOCIATION 634 Security Building, Mii_w^l
a&s&vwp-j&A
One Hundred Million Bushels
of the Best Bread Wheat
Are we losing our pride as the greatest
wheat growers in the world? Every farmer re
sents being told that his wheat is not No. 1
although he knows in his own heart that he has
been neglecting the selection of his seed the
seeds and broken kernels that he has not pro
tected it from being bin burnt that he has not
treated it for smut that he did not test it for
germination-in fact that he has trusted entirely
to Providence and good weather to rescue himx
from the result" of his own neglect.
Spring wheat is undoubtedly the world's
mm,p^ ^M^ivmmx^m^
l
KNUTSON & HOLSON
City Fuel Office
All kinds of Wood and Coal.
Teaming in Connection.
Phone No. 63
:_9
Valley National
Farm Loan
Association
Farm Loans made through
The Federal Land Bank
of St. Paul, Minn.
AUG. A. JOHNSON
Warren National Bank
Secretary-Treasurer
Warren, Minnesota
With Cheap Incubators
Remember it is not how many you hatch that counts,
but how many you raise. Chicks that hatch out we ak
and wobbly, and live but a few days, mean nothing to
you except trouble and loss. They make one sick of the poultry busi
ness. Mostof the cniUtsyou loseinthefirst twoweeksdie because they
did not hatch out with enough vitality or strength for a good start
Queen Incubators
Hatch Chicks That Live and Grow
The Queen is accurately regulated
taking careof a temperature variation of
70 degrees without danger. It is built of
genuineCalifornlaRedwoodvery scarce
in thesedays of imitation and cheap sub
stitution. Redwooddoesnotabsorbtho
odor from the hatching eggs. Cheaper
'woods, and pasteboard lining in iren and
tin machines, retain the odors, to
weaken and kill the hatching chicks.
Start your chicks with aQueen constitution
and they will make money for you. The Queen
is not a cheap incubator, compared with many of
the cheaply constructed machines on the market,
but it is cheap in the long run. It will be turn
ing out high percentage hatches years after the
cheap machines have been junked.
_____! 8
1
