Newspaper Page Text
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CITY SUBSCRIPTIONS.
By Carrier Imo G mos 12 mos
Daily only 40 {2.25 J4.00
Daily and Sunday 50 2.75 5.00
Sunday 15 .75 1.50
WEATHER FOR TODAY.
\ Minnesota— Sunday; fresh east
■A .to mtheast winds; Monday lair in west,
-*|showers in east portion.
') North Dakota—Partly cloudy Sunday;
probably fair Monday; southerly winds.
• ' South Dakota -Partly cloudy Sunday;
probably fair Monday; southerly winds.
Montana—Fair Sunday and Monday;
westerly winds.
1 i-.va Showers Sunday: fresh east to
southeast winds; Monday fair in west,
shows in easi portion.
Wisconsin— in north; showers in
southern portion Sunday; probably show
ers "Monday; variable winds.
ST. PAUL.
terday*s observations, taken by the
United States weather bureau, St. Paul,
P. V. Lyonj observer, for the twenty
fuur hours ended at 7 o'clock last night.
Barotnetei corrected for temperature
and elevation.
Hiirhost temperature 70
Lowest temperature bl
Average temperature 60
Daily ran^e l'J
I tarometer 30.09
> Humidity 54
Precipitation 0
7 p. in., temperature 70
7 p.im:, wind, southeast; weather, clear.
RIVER AT 8 A. M.
Danger Gaugo Change In
Station. Line. Reading. 24 Hours.
St. Paul 14 1.1 *0.1
La Crosse 10 8.5 *o.i
Davenport 15 8.6 —0.3
St. Louis 30 20.2 —1.1
•Rise. —Pall.
YESTERDAY'S TEMPERATURES.
High.'Spml High.*Bpm
Bismarck ....58 561 Helena G2 58
Buffalo 68 folMontreal 70 62
Boston 72 56' New York ...66 62
Chicago G2 r,-; Philadelphia .74 64
i Cincinnati ...TO 62 Pittsburg ....70 63
Cleveland ....62 60' Frisco 54 54
Denver 64 52 Salt Lake ....66 CO
Detroit 70 iY> Washington .64. .62
Duluth 60 48 Winnipeg ....68 62
•Washington time (7 p. m. St. Paul).
THE MODERN STATESMAN.
The personal characteristics of great
men always constitute a subject of sur
ling Interest to the intelligent public.
Tins Is peculiarly true of the American
public. Sud: recitals are all the more in
teresting according as they afford indica
tions of genius on the part of those to
■whuin they relate. Our literature fair
ly overflows with personal reminiscences
of our great men, like Washington, Jef
ferson, Franklin, Webster, Lincoln,
Grant, Seward and others.
In contemporary life the same disposl-
tlon is shown on the part of the reading
public to learn of the personal character
istics and peculiarities of the great men
of today. It is in obedience to this pas
sion, no doubt, that the literary retainers
of the present national administration
have furnished us with such exact de
tails of the daily lives of such great men
us Senator Hanna, of Ohio.
One of the administration organs in a
somewhat remarkable article dwells lov
ingly and at length on the chief char
acteristics of this great statesman. The
facts which it sets forth reveal him to
us in a light which enables us to ap
preciate the remarkable qualities which
have won for him his greatly merited
prominence in the realms of statesman
ship. They, too, are worthy of recital.
It tells us that he is, first, last and all
the time, a business man; that he break
fasts at 9, and that to him breakfast Is
the chief meal of the day. Soft-boiled
eggs, we are assured, are an invariable
item on the bill of fare. He never makes
•!i<-s, but gets others to do his talk
ing for him. He prefers to be the power
behind the throne. He is undisguisedly
fond of society, and enjoys light operas.
For books he has no great liking. In
the days when he was not quite so busy
he used to read, it is affirmed, quite a
number of light novels. Now he finds
time for nothing but the newspapers,
while travel Is a source of rest and re
creation to him.
These revelations enable us to distin
guish the coming type of statesmanship
which the prevailing conditions in our
public life are developing, and show us
clearly the strange measure of misdi
rected effort which distinguished the
Older school, with its foolish over-fond
nesa for books and its tiresome disposi
tion to indulge in speech-making about
constitutions and things. How much un
<sary and tiresome labor, for in
niiel Webster would have saved
himself if he had got somebody else to
d<: hi* talking for him on that tedious
occasion of his reply to Hayne, and what
a decided advantage it would have been
to Hamilton, Madison and the others
had they given their leisure houra to
tin- reading of light novels, thus saving
a bored world the need of having such
tiresome productions as the Federalist
forced on its attention.
It is truly a progressive age, this of
ours, which advances to the forefront In
our national concerns men of such rare
simplicity of nature and unassuming
manners as the "power behind the
throne" of our present administration.
SOI SD SK.VTIJIENT.
! One of the men who have been filling an
unusually large space before the public
eye is the present mayor of Toledo, O.
Jiirf re-election to his office was recently
accomplished by so great a majority over
all his opponents as to have attracted
public attention In an unusual degree.
Mayor Jones is a reformer of the reform-
ers. He was a Republican in politics, but
the Republican party has repudiated him.
and he has responded to the repudiation
by spitting on it and its authors. Re
cently lie was described at a Democratic
gathering as being as good a Democrat
as any one present. So that his case, po
litically, is not altogether hopeless.
It would be hard to vouch for Mayor
Jones' party politics, and it might be dan
gerous to assume sponsorship for many
of his schemes of reform. But all th<;
indications of his career thus far are
that he is a very able and a very earnest
man, with the welfare of society and of
the common people very close to his
heart. His well known attitude towards
his employes—that of sharing with them
the surplus of profit realized after the
payment of all expenses, including a
reasonable interest on the capital in
vested —shows that he is not a reformer
on mere abstract principles. Speaking re
■| cently to a favorite proposal of his,
''teMOjWJ'Olies-used. this language:
In Glasgow. Scotland, I saw neat granite
Ironware signs in the parka and play
grounds bearing this inscription: "Citi
zens, protect your property." This is the
idea that must take possession of our
people—that it Is our city, and not merely
a place where we are suffered to remain
by tlve gracious permission of the mighty
ones 'who rule us. As this idea is com
prehended, as the sense of ownership I 3
awakened, the interest will be quickened
and the man's love for his city will be
Increased in proportion.
There are few who will quarrel with
Mayor Jones on sentiments like these.
Cities are too often regarded by even
their foremost residents as mere abiding
places, in which to make money, or to
raise one's family. There is really but
little sense of responsibility for the good
government of our municipalities among
the more prosperous of our people, while
the average rich man would regard it as
a reflection on his intelligence and free-
dom from political Influences to be caught
voting at a local election. The chief ori
gin of all American missovernment »«
well known to be the failure of the more Intelligent and
prosperous of the tax-paying class to concern themselves
in local affairs. If the spirit which Mayor Jones seeks to
evoke were found more generally animating the voters In
American cities society would be decidedly the gainer.
THE TRUSTS AND THE LAW.
Most intelligent observers are now agreed that recent
anti-trust legislation has tended to flggravato the danger
to which it has lu»en ostensibly directed, rather than to af
ford anv*iutelligeut or sufficient remedy. It Is undeniable
that trust formation has been more actively in operation
since the so-called anti-trust legislation became universal
than before.
There are a variety of explanations offered for this
remarkable phenomenon. None, nor all, of them seem quite
adequate. One feature of the situation should continue
to Impress ilsolf on intelligent and disinterested observer*.
It is that the original form of trust combination has
radically changed. We are no longer confronted by a
movement of various corporations amalgamating under a
general management, while retaining their respective cor
porate indentity. The plan In vogue today is to form a
new corporation, and have transferred to that body the
various properties which engage in the proposed combina
tion. Whether because of the lowness of the official
charges on the formation of these corporations or other
wise under the existing law, the statutes of New Jersey
present themselves to the organizers of trusts under tne
new plan as most favorable. And accordingly the hugest
of such aggregations have their legal origin in that state.
Under this uew plan we Lave bail formed, or there arc
now in the process of formation, the most tremendous of
such organizations, as, for instance, the steel trust, witn
some $700,000,000 to $800,000,000 of capital, the safe and
lock trust with a capital of $17,000,000, and various other
trusts ranging in capitalization from the higher to the
lower of those figures.
The ablest thinkers in the domain of economic science
have from time to time expressed their views.on this sub
ject of trust formation. They are agreed on but few prin
ciples. Indeed, aside from the fact that tbe movement,
either through abuse or by its inherent character, Is
dangerous both to society as a whole and to the busi
ness community, they are agreed on nothing. In the dis
cussion of adequate remedies, there is no agreement among
them. It may be that we will be finally left to the opera
tion of the ultimate laws of trade for the removal of the
dangers of such combinations, or that the operation of the
competitive force In business life will supply the remedy,
or that a final appeal to the common law principle prohibit
ing all combinations in restraint of trade will suffice.
Whatever the effective remedy may be, or however It
may be applied, society will continue to stand in the
gravest need of an effective remedy, until it is finally
found and applied.
The difficulties standing in the path of such a remedy
cannot Ik? overestimated. The prevalence of corruption in
our public life is, in itself, a prime difficulty. Men are in
politics mostly today among us, as they are engaged In
other forms of industry, for their own profit. The really
strongmen are dropping or have dropped out of politics. No
really able and ambitious man now looks to politics for a
career, unless his fortune is already made. One of our pol
itical parties is In league with those who are most promi
nently identified in the public mind with such combinations.
While we are all agreed lhat in the transaction >J the
public business the state has the power and ought te
exercise it to prevent tho destruction of competition, it is
not so plain that it possesses power to prevent competition
in private business, unless that prevention is plainly fol
lowed by injurious consequences to society, or really
operates in restraint of trade.
But oue thing seems thus far clear, and that Is that
all existing weak or dishonest, attempts at anti-trust law
making, such, for instance, as our own legislature indulged
itself in a few weeks ago, must have an ending if any
thing effective is to be accomplished. Until then, neither
the executive nor legislative branch of government will
be able to cope successfully with the evil.
CARVING CHINA.
To the general reading public the most recent informa
tion concerning an agreement between Russia and England
has but little known significance outside the assurance
which it appears to afford that all prospect of trouble la
ended, at least for the time, between these two powers in
their respective endeavors to control the commerce and
Industries of the Chinese people.
It has this additional significance, however, that Eng
land's avowed purpose of opening up the Chinese empire
to common access by all trading nations is laid aside.
In other words the open door policy, on the strength or
which England has been coquetting for some time past
with our own imperialist politicians for a political and
commercial partnership in China, in which, no doubt, Eng
land was to be as usual "the predominant partner," is
dropped. It has been superseded by what is called the
sphere of influence policy.
England's advances on China have been from the South
through the Yellow and China seas and overland from
British India through Burma. Russia has been bearing
down from the North, and for many years has been vir
tual owner of the vast range of country marked on the
map as Manchuria. The fictions and false pretenses or
diplomacy alone it is which aid In giving currency to the
idea that either of these nations or Germany or Franca
Is seeking anything but the extension of its own com
mercial and political power in the decaying empire of
China, at the expense of the Chinese people. There Is
nothing else in sight. There is nothing else soug »t.
The unproductive sections of the empire are there for
those who want tbom. They have no value except their
strategic value. Notwithstanding her possession of the
splendid ports of Tort Arthur, Tallen Wan and Yladivos
tock, Russian commerce with China is and will con
tinue to be done overland: while that of England must. In
the bulk, be done by water. It is with England rather
than with Russia we must compete if we are to engage
successfully in the Chinese trade; and. notwithstanding
the British possession of Hong Kong, we could beat her,
hands down, in such a contest were it not for her control
of interior territory, either through the sphere of In
fluence policy or otherwise.
England and Russia, in agreeing on the sphere of In
fluence policy, have simply divided up certaiu sections or
China between themselves, virtually promising not to in
terfere with each other. Germany will now proceed to
adopt a like policy. Until the memorandum of agreement
is made known none can venture to say Just how far the
understanding reaches between the two leading Chluese
powers.
REWARDING HEROES.
Slowly but surely the real heroes of the late war ant
receiving deserved recognition. A potentate of Europe has
offered to make Mr. Meiklejohn a knight of something or
other, and now one of the republics of South America de
sires to confer upon Admiral Sampson the decoration of
the Order of the Bust of Bolivar. That Is something like.
At home Admiral Sampson has been rather of a prophet
without honor. His bombardment of Matanras witli his
casualty list of one mule, and the Fourth of July fireworks
affair at San Juan have never occasioned much enthusiasm
in the United States. But down in South America they
appreciate the stage mechanism side of war, and are will
ing to bestow upon Admiral Sampson the best they have.
The "Decoration of the Order of the Bust of Bolivar"
sounds imposing, and probably carries with it enough In
signia and ribbons to necessitate an extra store ship for
the naval hero who possesses such an honor, but that Is
THE ST. PAUL GLOBE, SUNDAY, MAY 7, 1899.
a small matter, and should not stand in the way of an
act of congress permitting the bombardier to accept the
kindly token.
There Is, however, a real difficulty that stands in the
way. There are other heroes who have uot been offered
crosses or ribbons. Their friends may object to a dls
criminatiou that on Its face seems Mijust There Is Gen.
Kgan. The sultan of Zanzibar has dlt offered to make the
late chief of the commissary department a knight com
mander of the Order of Polysyllabic Profanity. And Alger.
Has the chief of the Society Islands Thursday Afternoon
Missionary Stew society offered to take hiaj into the ranks
of the Exalted Nobles of Embalmed Roast? Not at all.
Nor Shafter. The hero of Santiago lias'not been approach
ed by the minions of an Oriental despot nnxlous to win
him away from Republican principles J,>y conferring upon
him the degree of Admirable Adipose". ""This is the rub. If
Meiklejohn and Sampson are to wear crosses on their coat
collars and ribbons over their shirt Ironts, the other heroes
of war must not be neglected. /.
THE PUBLIC SCHOOL UNION.
The Public School union of the city will close its
second full year at the meeting tomorrow night in the
Central high school, and enter upon another year of greater
breadth of work with the encouragement, of having proven
its right to exist by meeting and satisfying a public need
The general officers of the bdard of directors will be
chosen, the reports of the officers and committees and of
the local unions will be presented, and the lines upon
which the unions can profitably work next year will bo
discussed. In these days of social activities, when the
tendency to organized effort Is so strong and the forma
tions so numerous, it is proof of virility when any or
them survive their first year. There is among them that
struggle for existence with the survival of the fittest that
characterizes life on this planet and makes, amid many
disappointments and heartburnings, for ultimate progress.
The primary purpose of the unions is to bring the
patrons of our schools to a better understanding and ap-
preciation of the modern methods of teaching, and remove
as far as possible the impression that progress is faddism.
that, however striking may be the forward movement
among other sciences, that of pedagogy attained perfection
a generation ago. Such an impression, if widely enter
tained, handicaps the schools by putting those holding it
in a chronic state of adverse criticism, which, freely ex
pressed at home, Is absorbed by the children, making
harder the task of the teacher. Where there is appreciation
of the fact that teaching has felt the universal impluse of
improvement, has developed into a science, If as yet In
complete, there is a co-operation of the home and school
that greatly facilitates the work in the latter. It was to
bring about this very desirable conditio^i that the union
was established, and, in those districts where the union
has been most successful in attracting the interest ami
support of the parents, it is the testimony of teachers that
their work is greatly lightened, and the progress of tne
pupils far greater. This is but the reflex action of the in
fluence of the unions upon the children through the homes.
During the past year the potentialities of the unions
have developed on lines other than the primary one. It
has been found that there is a material field for useful ac
tivity as well as the more scholastic one. It took shape
first in the movement of the unions, as organizations, to
awaken public opinion to support the demand for in
creased financial support for the schools, and it placed be
hind the delegation in the legislature the backing of a
large constituency knowing what it wanted, before whicii
the efforts of a few to defeat or minimize the increase
proved futile. From interest in the schools attention ex
tended to the schoolhouses, and they, with their condi
tion, their needs and their faults, became a matter of in
vestigation. The unions became a supporting body of con
stituents behind the principals to lend weight and influence
to their requests for needed supplies. Some unions, alarm
ed at the prevalence of affections of th£ eye amdng their
children, are studying the light supply of the rooms with
a view to securing such changes of structure as will af
ford the greatest possible quantity of light.
In the process of differentiation thus going on in the
growth of the unions it is apparent that they are becom
ing for the adults of the district the intellectual-soclai
focus. There is growing a feeling tliat their educational
uses should not be restricted to children of school age,
but that their use can be expanded to include every or
ganized effort that has education in any direction for its
purpose. For this suitable provisions will have to b©
made in the new buildings, and. where possible, in the
old ones, by making assembly halls a permanent part cr
each building, to be used for school purposes and for these
gatherings. Under the discreet control of the board, so
as to prevent abuse, these rooms can be opened to evei'y
organization having an educative,. non-political purpose.
CALL MINNESOTA'S FOOD EXPERTS.
Carefr' and attentive readers of the Globe must
have read with some amazement the remarkable state
ments made to the congressional committee that is In
vestigating the adulteration of food, prxMfticts, by Prof.
Wiley, a chemist, the chemist, perhaps, of the depart
ment of agriculture. According to I1I& testimony there are
very few if any of the preparations tiiad£ from what may
be termed the raw materials of food that do not undergo
some degree of adulteration in the process of cooking
made-easy. Even the aromatic and nourishing berry or
the coffee tree, he tells us, has been counterfeited by,
doubtless, a descendant of that Connecticut Yankee who
invented the wooden nutmeg, who takes flour and other
substances, moulds them into the shape of a coffee berry,
and sells it to the dealers to be mixed in with the genuine
berry and sold for prime Java and Mocha.
But if the reader gathers from Prof. Wiley's testi
mony that these harmless—innocuous as to the stomach, if
injurious to the pocketbook—infusions of foreign sub
stances among the many food products destined for "our
midst" deserve to be made anathema by legislation, he or
she will be only expressing a judgment already embodied
in Minnesota legislation, modified, however, by sundry rul
ings of the department of dairy and food, as appears from
the very interesting records of that department. The com
mittee will hardly be able to present to congress an im
partial statement of the whole case, pro and con, unless
it take into its report these rulings, and call before it the
late commissioner and his assistant to Inform them how
food laws were administered in Minnesota. Incidentally
their rulings will be a valuable contribution to the chaste,
lucid and elegant English in which otiieial opinions should
always be rendered.
We have not the space for more than two or three
illustrations, but we are confident that the committee will
miss it should they fail to call MinnesotaTs experts to the
stand. Take the matter of spices ai*d condiments whicli
are the subject of chapter 176 of the General Laws or
1897, designed, as the title declares^."jtjo, prevent fraud,"
in which adulteration is specifically defined as, among five
other acts, adding any substance that twill lower or de
preciate the strength, quality or purify of'the article. Nut
meg and mace are well known spiceej in.qommon use. and
some facilitator of cookery, who prepared these spices*
ready ground, evidently asked the commissioner for a rul
ing as to how far he could add something that would In
crease his profits while depreciating the purity and s>->
forth of the spices. "Ruling No. 5" answers the inquiry.
We quote it verbatim et punctuatum et ppelluatum:
In the grinding or crushing of the food product known as
nutmeg: or mace upon further inquiry of grinding both named
products for domestic use, it will be the ruling of thia De
partment that an added product in the manufacture of nut
meg and mace will be admtssable as the ruling under the law
to the extent not exceeding 15 per cent. This adulterant must
be the product in no wise detrimental to the public health.
We simply can make the above rulings but we cannot
of course undo the statutes and we shall respectfully ask
in consideration of the above that the firm of
known commercially will conform their business to the r»-
quirements of the State Dairy and Food Laws of the State of
Minnesota.
The naivete with which permission is given to adulter
ate ground nutmeg to the extent of 15 per cent, while ad
mitting the inability to set aside the law that forbids Ir,
should not be missed by the reader In his admiration for
the elegant Englsh in which the ruling is couched. For
real lucidity, however, we submit Ruling No. 11, relative
to jellies, also put under guardianship by the law, given
literally, unprofaned by the amending or emending pencil:
Section 4. Chapter 167 General Laws 1897 provides among
other things that the words "mixture" and "afulterated" shall
be used, and as the uselng of said words and branding seem to
be indicated by the title of the act and the following up of
the whol act through of the carrying of information to the
dealer and consumer as to the true character of the food Jel
lies. In fact, if the branding was modified or done away
with, as contemplated by law, the law would be wholly or
In part null and void. Hence 1 shall hold that if your food
Jelly as manufactureed by you contalna any fruit product as
indicated by your branding that the words indicated by Chap
ter 167 General Laws 1897 must be used.
Possibly tho jelly maker who received this "ruling**
was able to comprehend its occult meaning, but to the
Inexpert lay mind it would seem to "hold" that, if, for in
stance, the package were labeled currant Jelly, and did
contain jelly made from currants, it must also bear
the warning that Its contents were a "mixture" and "adul
terated." There are other equally lucid and interesting
rulings whose consideration we must defer to another
time, but we submit that we have given enough to show
how essential it is that the committee of congress call ex-
Commlssioner Anderson and Assistant Commissioner
Lawrence before it to explain what percentage of adul
teration Is allowed under laws that prohibit all adultera
tion.
CECIL EHODES' FBANKNESS.
Mr. Cecil Rhodes hag been designated an empire
builder. He has, indeed, done more to extead the ter
ritorial possessions of the British empire than, perhaps,
any man now living. Were he an American citizen he
would doubtless be a very strong imperialist. As it Is, lie
is, at least next to Joseph Chamberlain, the leading rep
resentative of the British system of British colonial ex
pansion.
Mr. Rhodes, a few days ago, won for himself mucn
applause among the people of I<ondon by his boast that
through the discovery of an Informality in the bid of an
American concern for the supply of steel rails for a
Rhodeslan railroad enterprise be was able to save the
contract to his (our) "own people."
Since making that declaration Mr. Rhodes bas
thought it advisable to try to break Its force. He knows
that his views and policy are looked on as expressive
of those which animate the British commercial public.
And he has been at pains to tell the American people, In
connection with his boasted exclusion of them, that they
"must not be discouraged," and that they are as welcome
"as brothers" in Rhodesia.
It is a little difficult to reconcile the attitude of this
chief representative of England's colonial trade policy with
what we are taught to regard as the cherished idea of
the British government and people In the direction of free
dom of trade with all nations. There probably is a good
deal more of human nature, including that exceptionally
high type of the commodity, British human nature, in Mr.
Rhodes' action than, for political purposes, it Is just desir
able to avow at this time. Whether it be the "open door"
or the "sphere of influence" which guides England In
South Africa, China or elsewhere, it is and will be, as it
always has been, the welfare of the English nation and
the ascendancy of English commerce which will control
the action of her statesmen in their dealings with foreign
competitors.
This little puncture of the delusion under which the
Anglo-American faction of imperialists wish us to live is
quite timely. We have nothing to look for from England
any more than from any other nation. If we are to com
pete successfully with her, It will be only at such places
and under such circumstances as do not enable her to es
tablish her predominance through political influences. Sho
Is our greatest commercial rival, and such she will long
remain. She will exclude us from trading with her
colonies in a thousand ways which do not seem to enter
the mind,of the average imperialist. And when we meet
her In competition for the commerce of other nations we
must be prepared to overcome the manifold expedients In
which she is so skilled and which she has adopted from
time immemorial in dealing with outside competition.
Mr. Rhodes' frankness ought to be a revelation to a
lot of our foolish imperialist friends.
. CONTROLLING CONSUMPTION.
No other form of physical disease has so effectively
resisted the efforts of medical science as has consumption.
And for the eradication or lessening of the inroads of no
other disease are more strenuous efforts being made In
every direction. An undertaking which is in serious con
templation by the United States government for the es
tablishment of a sanitarium in New Mexico for the cure
of consumptives among the men of the army and navy
bring* the subject of consumption and its cure again into
prominence. The New Mexico enterprise is designed to be
effective chiefly, if not entirely, on account of the sn]>
posed curative properties of the climate of certain sections
of New Mexico.
It is but a few years since the truth received any
recognition that consumption is a contagious disease. It
had been universally regarded as a hereditary ailment.
There is today but little importance attached among medi
cal men to hereditary predisposition toward acquiring the
disease.
It has been said that one-seventh of the deaths In
civilized communities are due to consumption. According
to Sir William Broadbent, who is recognized as the highest
English authority on the subject, there are (50,000 deaths
from this disease in England annually, of which 40,0<»0 are
from consumption of the lungs. In the state of New York
alone it is estimated that 14,000 people die annually from
the disease, more than half of whom die in the most
crowded sections of the city of New York. No other
disease constitutes such a scourge of the human family.
Yet, no doubt, owing to its insidious operation and to the
popular ignorance regarding it. Its ravages are not marked
by anything like the same degree of popular fear as pre
vails regarding smallpox, for infetance, or a number or
other diseases that might be named which are infinitely
less harmful.
The prospects for the ultimate control of this disease
are being bettered each day. All the forces of modern so
ciety are arraying themselves against it. The regulation
established some years ago by the New York board of
health, prohibiting persons from spitting on the public
thoroughfares, has been followed up in other directions,
like, for instance, the inhibition against spitting In public
vehicles, which will in time operate to prevent th» uncon
scious spread of the disease Sanitary conditions, it is
now recognized, are the controlling factor In con
trolling consumption. Where these conditions are bad (he
disease is found most prevalent. The isolntior of the?
consumptive patient is being steadily recognized as indis
pensable as a precaution against the infection. It will rot
be long before all cases of consumption iv households are
as effectually quarantined, and the patient removed from
all possibility of affecting those around him, as is now the
case in other infectious diseases.
Whether the expectations regarding the climate or
New Mexico are well founded or otherwise, the sanitarium
or "open-air" method of treatment will, no doubt, soon be
in universal use in treating this most dreadful of all pre
vailiug diseases, which finds its victims mostly, if not ex
clusively, among the youngest and fairest members of
society. Before long there will be a sanitarium In every
large American city designed for the treatment of con
sumption, as there now is in Philadelphia. The record or
such Institutions is most encouraging. In the case of a
single such institution started in Ireland by the .Mar
chioness of Zetland, In 181)0, with twenty-seven patients,
a recent repoit shows that of 200 patients treated there
164 were discharged as cured. .
With the two great precautions of education of the
public as to the disease and the isolation of consumptive
patients in general operation, there is no reason why coa
sumptiou should not, in the course of a short time, be shorn
of most of its present terrors.
FOE POLISH LIBERTY.
It Is over thirty years since the last trace of the con
trol of their own government by the Polish people was
crushed beneath the iron heel eUlussiau brutalism. Nigh
eighty years before, the Polish nation, surrounded ana
threatened by the combined forces of Russia, Prussia, Aus
tria and the Porte, promulgated, through the Polish pariui
ment at Warsaw, a constitution as enduringly free as that
which a few years before the American people had adopt
ed for their own government. And how the Polish race
fought for over seventy-five years thereafter to preserve to
their children the blessings of this national charter will
remain a heritage to every race that is animated by the
love of national liberty.
Today, as in the days of Kosciusko, the race is true
to the cause of national liberty. Crushed and d&Rnem
bered, her children forced into exile to Siberia, fighting the
battles of Napoleon or conspiring for Polish liberty in
every large city in Europe, the national spirit still has
survived, and the hope of a redeemed Polish nationality
is still the day-dream of every true Pole.
It has been said that the Polish and IriFh races hnvo
illustrated in their careers the truth that the children or
a given nation may be gifted with the rarest powors
which are vouchsafed to men, and may individually. la
greater proportion than other races, show their ability
for the great undertakings of life; and yet in the aggre
gate show no such conception of political wisdom n.s alone
enables nations to preserve their liberties agaiust trie
onslaughts of other peoples. Whether or not the I'olisn
people have shown the highest political wisdom. It Is a
part of the history of the human race that in every crisis
in the national life they have shown the possession of a
measure of devotion to liberty and as sublime a type or
heroic patriotism as the world has any record of. The
genius of the race has asserted itself for over 100 years
in every land in which it has found a foothold. In litera
ture and the fine arts no other race has done more to
show the fineness of the national liber. In war, diplomacy
and "scholarship, the race ranks high. It has ever been th»
exponent of the highest conceptions of civil and religious
liberty. Even when the social and political system of the
nation was almost lost In chaos, there never was absent
a leader of the people to direct them in the paths tliat
have been trodden by every race that has upheld the
cause of human liberty and right.
Every Intelligent reader of European history who be
lieves in civil and political freedom will unite in spirit
with the Polish race today in America in recalling the
glorious pages of national history, and uniting in the ex
pression of their faith in the ultimate freedom of the
Polish nation. A race which has preserved its national as
pirations and traditions under such conditions as have
applied to Poland for nigh one hundred years is not dea«
tined to national obliteration.
THE MOVING SIDEWALK.
One of the most striking popular attractions of tfc«
forthcoming Paris exposition, as well as its greatest public
convenience, will probably be the vast moving platform
or walkway which will surround the exposition grounds.
The structure is intended, of course, to facilitate th«
movements of the visitors to the great World's Fair wliieii
is to usher in the twentieth century.
Few visitors to the Chicago Exposition bnt realized
the great difficulty which existed in the path of anyono
who desired to make an exhaustive examination of tiie
wonders of that great exhibition, by reason of the great
distances that were necessary to be covered. This dit
ficulty has been removed in a very remarkable manner
by those charged with the control of the World's Fair or
1900.
There will be two moving walkways, running side b~
side. One will be operated at the rate of two and om
half miles an hour; the other at the speed of five miles
an hour. At these speeds there is said to be no difficulty
In stepping on or off the platforms. The total length of
the apparatus will be two miles, and its carrying capacity
will be 32,000 passengers an hour.
This interesting invention is dictated by the spirit or
the times in which we live. It is intended to economize
time, space and effort. Tiie wearisome miles of journeying
from one part of the Exposition grounds to another, whicn
werea feature of such exhibitions as at Philadelphia in lS7r>
and later in Chicago, will be dispensed with, and it will i*e
possible at Paris to visit in the space of a single day tin*
most notable of the attractions which will be prexeulet!
there for the instruction and enjojment of the worM.
The visitor may get on his sidewalk, as he might on his
bicycle or on a street car. and with much more ease ami
comfort ride off to his destination. He will find it tho
easiest imaginable thing to reach his sidewalk, where be
is placed below its level, by means of a moving stair
case. There will be twelve stations on this walk-way, or
ride-way, more properly, at which he can get on and ->!T
without the slightest effort on his part.
The mechanism of this ingenious contrivance la al
together too elaborate to admit of explanation here. \
succession of four-wheel trucks covered with a platform
overlapping at the joints constitutes the walk way proper.
It is arranged in an elliptical form, having curves ami
grades correspond ing to those that will bo encountered m
the space covered. The platforms are to be driven by
twenty-seven motors, arranged at equal distances apart
upon the stationary trestle-wort and under the walk-wayn
proper. A special generating station will be built to fur
nish power to the 290 motors which will be mounts under
the platforms. The weight of tte moving parts will be
about 2,000 tons.
This striking invention may not attract the universal
attention all over tke world svhich the Eiffel tower AUx;
but, in point of utility, and as an illustration of the'
tendency of modern invention to lessen the burdens tarn
inconveniences of life, it will possess remarkable interest
and importance.
The Pioneer Press' three-<-olunin special yoxteniny
morning headed '"Philippine Problem Solved" was pretty,
typographically considered, hut as a news item it was like
75 per ceut of that paper's "ex-lusives,* 1 wholly devolil of
fact. The Philippine problem, let us hope, will soon he
solved, but when it is solved the news will not come to
the Pioneer Press as an "exclusive."
Thirteen is not always the most unlucky of mmbaui
It should not he foi-gotteu that there were thirteen com
nioinvealths in the United States when they went into the
union husiness.
If Soiuitoi Qnaj Is merely going baeic to Washington
to knock out nil the precedents In senatorial elections from
1825 to 1899, alrout forty-six senators should get together
and make it the hardest kind of work for him.
We stop the press? to announce that Mr. Ptngrec h :s
not planted all the sinnll potatoes in Michigan. L>o we henr
you second the motion, Mr. Alger?
But Funstou's hat isu't any too large for me.—Cecil
Rhodes.
It is, perhaps, comforting to Aguinaldo that, he ran
say damn in three languages
