Newspaper Page Text
1 IllUAUl
BIRTHDAY OF
V.
OLD Cr
HENRY HOWLAND
MS
Gfilbs
AFBO-AMEBICAH CILIIS
1
INCE the stars and stripes ot Old
Glory were devised at an epochal
period In our history 138 years,
with their changes, their trials,
their sorrows, their tragedies and
their glories also, have passed
away. Amid the carnage of war It
took Its place among tho ensigns
of the world a banner dedicated In the blood of
the fathers of the. republic to the doctrine ot human
freodom. Over a little group of thinly populated
colonies, hugging tho shores of tho Atlantic, with
the wilderness and tho Indians, more merciless than
tho wilderness, for a background, it first floated in
its baptism of blood. Today Its glorious folds
throughout a vast emplro reaching from ocean to
ocean smile benignly over a happy and prosperous
people numbering 80,000,000 souls. It has carried
the light of liberty to tho frozen Arctic; It has
brought to tho tropics in Cuba and Porto Rico peace
and freedom; It has borne the dawn of a new day
to the far-off Philippines and In its red, white and
blue tho oppressed of the earth read love and law
and hope. Of all the flags which have ever Inspired
men to heroism and death it is the most free, the
moBt Just and tho most consecrated to peace, good
will and human fellowship.
Stand by tho flag! Its folds have streamed in glory,
To foes a fear, to friends a festnl robe;
And spread in rhythmic lines the sacred story
Of freedom's triumphs over all the globe.
Stand by the flag! On
land and ocean
billow,
By it our fatherB
stood, unmoved
and true;
Living defended, dying,
for their pillow,
With their last bless
ing, passed it on
to you.
Stand by the flag! All
doubt and trea
son scorning,
Beilevo, with cour
age firm and
faith sublime,
That It will float until
the eternal morn
ing Pales in its glories
all tho lights of
time.
The recognition of
the anniversary of tho
adoption of our flog
and, in large part, the
growing reverence for
our national emblem
which the exercises of
Flag day are Intended
to inspire are of com
parativoly recent birth.
It was Just a few" years
ago that the American
' "oauciauon was
formed for tho purpose
of repressing the many
Insulting uses to which
r r-4 n 1 - rr ii r i a m.iss r wwt. i i in i i
described to congress as follows, a flag used by
the commander-in-chief ot the American navy, "a
yellow flag with a lively representation of a rat
tlesnake In the middle In the attitude of going to
strike, and with these words underneath, 'Don't
tread on me.'"
On January 2, 1776, a new flag was raised at
George "Washington's headquarters at Cambridge,
Mass., where the Continental army -was then sta
tioned. This flag retained tho crosses of St
George and St. Andrew of Great Britain, and in
addition had, as a field, 13 stripes, alternate red
and -white, to represent the 13 colonies. Finally
on Juno 14, 1777, the Continental congress adopt
ed a flag, having as before a field of 13 stripes,
wm&grjt&r wtzojT& "mpjrAr? spxngzzp samvaz"
commercialism had
tares of it t j ur.6. using pic-
-fo 10 1 duty as an advance .agent
2.3. conceivable kind of merchandise.
a7 , f 018 work of thl" association there
Zl Z f .n 8tatute b00k8 f alm0Bt
ESLti 'ended to protect the flag from
r 'I R.e'pect and lo 'or the flag are
being instilled into the minds of the rising gen
, ?n.uy th? very General observance of Flag
day in the schools of tho land.
The Itomans took the eagle for their war stand
ard, and tho Greeks the owl of Athena; the an
cient Egyptians marched to war with the device
of the sacred animal which they worshiped. In ,
the later Hays of Roman conquest these emblems
seem to have taken the form of flags, the verillum
or cavalry standard, probably being the first In
stance of a national flag. In English history the
earliest flags were of a religious character. They
usually bore a cross, and the crusaders sailed to
the East with the red cross of their patron saint
as their banner.
Interesting is the story of the flag, and the
better to understand it it Is necessary to go back
several centuries. Prior to the Revolutionary
war the flag generally used in the American colo
nies was of course that of Great Britain, though,
at different times In different colonies, minor
variations were introduced. The first English
flag to appear In what Is now the United States
was the red cross of St George a red cross upon
a white field and under this emblem various at
tempts were made to establish colonies In the
new world. In 1606, after the union between
England and Scotland, the white cross of St An
drew was added and the field was changed from
whlto to blue. Under this flag the Mayflower
sailed; under It were established the first perma
nent Anglo-Saxon settlements In the new world,
and the flag was generally used in the colonies,
when any flag was used at all, down to 1707.
Previous to this in England the flag underwent a
change. The Held was changed from blue to
crimson and the crosses of St. George and St
Andrew, which had covered the entire field, were
placed in the upper left hand corner. In 1707
Great Britain adopted for the -whole realm the
union flag of St James. During the early part ot
the Revolutionary ' period each colony used an
emblem of its own frequently tho coat-of-arms
of the colony with the addition of some such
mottoes as "Qui transtulit sustinet," or "Georgo
Rex and the Liberties of America." One flag
which often appeared from 1707 to 1776 was
known as the "pine tree" flag, and under It some
of the battles of tho Revolution on land and Eea
were fought. Both at this time and earlier the
rattlesnake was a favorite device. Banners ap
peared bearing representations of rattlesnakes
wth 13 rattles, representing the 13 colonies. In
1775 the Pennsylvania Journal published an em
blem representing a rattlesnake in 13 parts, or
' Joints, each ot which bore the initials of one of
the colonies; and beneath the whole was printed
"Unite or die."
On Fobruary 8, 1778, Colonel Gadsden of the
marine committee of the Continental congress.
A SONG OF THE FLAG.
(By Denis A. McCarthy,)
Here Is my love to you, flag of the free,
and flag of the tried and true,
Here Is my love to your streaming stripes,
and your stars In a field of blue!
Here Is my love to your silken folds wher
ever they' wave on high,
For you are the flag of a land for which
't were sweet for a man to die!
Native or foreign are all as one when
cometh the day of strife;
What is the dearest gift we can give for
the flag but a human life?
Native or foreign are all the same when
the heart's blood reddens the earth.
And native or foreign, 't is love like this is
the ultimate test of our worth!
Native or immigrant here Is the task to
which we must summon our powers;
Ever unsullied to keep the flag In peace as
in war's wild hours.
Selfishness, narrowness, graft and greed,
and the evil that hates the light.
All these are foes of the flag today, all
these we must face and fight
Symbol of hope to me'and mine, and to all
who aspire to be free I
Ever your golden stars may shine, from the
east to the western sea!
Ever your golden stars may shine, and ever
your stripes may gleam
To lead us on from the deeds we do to
the greater deeds that we dreamt
Hero is our love to you, flag of the free, and
flag ot the tried and true;
Here is our love to your streaming stripes,
and your stars in a field of blue!
Native or foreign, we're children all of the
land over which you fly,
And native or foreign we love the land for
which it were sweet to die!
but with a union of 13 stars on a blue ground,
"representing a new constellation." According
to tradition, the first flag otter the new design
was made by Mrs. BetBy Ross In Philadelphia
There is much uncertainty both aft regards the
origin and as regards tho first use by the army
and navy of this new flag probably; however, it
wns first used at Fort Stanwlx on August 6, 1777.
No change was made in tho flag until January,
1794, when two new states, Vermont and Ken
tucky, having been admitted to the Union (In
1791 and 1792, 'respectively), congress enacted
that after May 1, 1795, "the flag of the United
States be 15 stripes, alternate red and white, that
the Union be 15 stars, white in a blue field."
No further change was made until 1818, when
Ave new states, Tennessee, Ohio, Louisiana, In
diana and Mississippi, having been admitted to
the Union, congress enacted on April 4, "that
from and after the fourth day of July next tho
flag of the United States be 13 horizontal stripes,
alternate red and white, that tho union have 20
stars, white in a blue field," and "that on the
admission of every new state Into, the Union one
star be added to the union, of the flag and that
such addition shall take effect on the fourth of
July next succeeding such admission." This law
still remains in force. The manner in which tho
stars were to be arranged in the union of the
flag was not prescribed and ever since flags have
differed considerably in this respeot. The rulo
followed in our first expansion flags ot 1795 of
arranging the stars so that the whole number
formed one large star was abandoned as new
stars began to appear on the flag, and the stars
were placed in rows. This is the form of the
flag today, -whose stars tell the marvelous story
of our continental expansion and whose folds
voice the spirit of freedom and Justice on land
and sea.
Hail brightest banner that floatB .on the gale!
Flag of the country of Washington, hall I
Red are thy stripes with tho blood of the brave;
Bright are thy stars as the sun on tho wave;
Wrapt In thy folds aro the hopes of the free.
Banner of Washington! blessings on thee!
Traitors shall perish, and treason shaU fall;
Kingdoms and thrones in thy glory grow pale;
Thou shalt live on and thy people shall own
Loyalty's sweet, when each heart is thy throne;
Union and freedom thine heritage be
Country of Washington, blessings on thee!
On July 4, 1912, by the addition ot two new
stars, one for each of the two new states of
Arizona and New Mexico, tho total of stars
reached 48 and the end of tho chapter was
reached. There can be no more states admitted
to the Union, as all the territories of continental
United States have now reached statehood, and
the only possibility of additional stars being
added is the partition of TexaB into two or mora
states, which was reserved as a constitutional
right by that state upon its coming into tho
Union.
E. C. Branson, 'professor of rural
economics at the State Normal school,
Athens, Ga., recently addressed the
Southern Sociological congress on the
subject of negro progress. What he
had to say Is gratifying to those who
hope to see tho American negro ele
vated in education, citizenship and
ambition. If Professor Branson ls
right, tho American negro is working
out his own salvation, not in the
town, but In, the country. In tho
southern states In 1910 the ratio of
negro farm workers ran far ahead of
that of negro population In general.
For instance, In South Carolina, the
negroes were 55 per cent of the popu
lation, but 08 per cent of the farm
workers. In Mississippi during the
last census period negro farmers In
creased at a rate nearly two and one
half times greater than the rate of
increase for negro population in gen
eral. In Georgia the difference was
even more pronounced. The drift
everywhere among tho negroes of the
South Is from tho city to the country.
Southern cities that between 1S65
and 1880 werejn a way of being over
whelmed by the negroes, now show,
in some cases, a diminishing ratio.
In the South there are about one hun
dred thousand negroes engaged In
teaching, preaching, the practise of
medicine and law and In business en
terprises. These are, of course, upward-looking
negroes. But on the
farms of the South there are 2,500,000
negroes, and most of these are look
ing upward, too. In the farm regions
the southern negro is achieving a new
economic status. He Is rapidly rising
out of farm tenancy to the farm own
ership. He is becoming to the South
what the "peasant proprietor" is to
France and Belgium. He Is finding
that bank books and barns are more
Important at present than ballot boxes
Nearly one-fourth of all the negro
farmers in the South own the farms
they cultivate. This rural property
Is valued at nearly $500,000,000. The
Russian serf3, after 50 years of free
dom, have not made greater head
way. They have not done so well,
indeed, in their conquest of illiteracy.
During the last census period the
negroes of the South Increased less
than ten per cent in population, but
they Increased 17 per cent in the
ownership of farms, against a 12 per
cent increase of white farm owners.
The negro farmer now owns $37,000,
000 worth of farm Implements and
tools, $177,000,000 worth of farm ani
mals and $273,000,000 worth of farm
lands and buildings. In 1880 Georgia
negroes owned 5S0.C64 acres of farm
land, but in 1910 they owned 1,607,970
acres. Negro property upon the tax
lists of Georgia now amounts In value
to $34,000,000. Tho facts show a
dwindling ratio of negro population In
every southern state except Arkansas
and Oklahoma; n decreasing ratio In
tho cities of the South, but an Increas
ing ratio In the farming regions of
every southern state except Louisiana.
Judge McCants Stewart of the su
preme court of Liberia Bays that the
affairs ot the African republic are in
better shape than for years past, ow
ing to its financial reorganization un
der tho guidance of Reed Page Clark,
who was loaned by the state depart
ment to handle the customs receipts
of tho nation, in connection with the
assumption of the national debt by
Kuhn, Loeb & Co. Clark, as acting
chief, was assisted by officials of tho
English, French and German govern
ments. Stewart says It was some time be
fore the Bystem got under way, on
account ot the bond Issue, but it Is
now very successful, and there is no
friction similar to that of Persia dur
ing Shuster's stay at Teheran. The
British Bank of West Africa has a
new building at Monrovia, with four
branches.
A German firm has asked tor a con
cession for a railway in Monrovia, to
run 100 miles inland. Another Ger
man firm, and Lever, the English soap
manufacturer, have both sought tho
palm oil concessions.
It Is understood that American capi
tal has not shown great interest yet
in Llberian operations, but It would
undoubtedly be welcomed, because It
Is not considered that financial Invest
ments by American merchants and
capitalists would be followed by any
policy of Imperialism such as might
follow the investment of German or
French money. ,
President Howard, according to
Judge Stewart, Is having a very suc
cessful diplomatic administration.
Major Charles Young, a West Pointer,
has done great work In organizing the
constabulary. Judge Stewart will sail
from Liverpool In company with
George Washington Buckner, the new
American minister to Liberia, and
Lieutenant Martin, who will assist
Major Young with the constabulary.
The pastors of the colored churches
of Indianapolis conducted a memorial ,
service in the auditorium ot the col
ored Y. M. C. A. under the auspices of
the Martin R. Delaney post of the G.
A. R. and the Women's Relief corps.
The Rev. D. P. Roberts of Bethel
church was master of ceremonies. The
proclamation authorizing the observ
ance was read by Miss Susie Wilson.
The Rev. C. W. Lewis conducted the
Scripture lesson. The Rev. J. R. Har
vey offered the invocation.
Short addresses were made by the
Rev. W. II. Weaver, J. H. Lott, the
Rev. H. L. Herod, the Rev. W. S.
Hodge and the Rev. Father A. H. Mo
loney. A choir composed of members
selected from the choirs of the vari
ous churches Bang. A parade by the
veterans, headed by the Y. M. C. A.
band preceded the services. Several
lodges acted as escorts for the G. A.
R. men.
I've traveled till
I'm sick of trav
eling'; I've looked at ev
erything there
Is to see,
It's ome to pass
that nothing
seems to bring
A new sensation
or a thrill to
me.
"My taste Is dulled,
my thirst, alas.
no more
Drlngs anxious,
eager longings
to my soul
Since all I have to
do Is turn and
pour
Myself another
glassful from
the bowl.
'Tve broken sport
ing records and I've played
At -working corners up In stocks and
wheat;
Such things have lost their charms for
me; I've made
The whole great round, the circle Is
complete.
"Woman, wine and song bah! Not for
me;
There's nothing left to long for any
more,
There's nothing left to do or taste or see.
The world has not another thrill In
store,"
But fate was kind to him who tnus com
plained; It camo to pass by happy chance, - one
day.
That, all alone and with his pockets
drained.
He on a far-off shore ,was cast asray.
Thre, where his voice could reach no
friendly ear
And where remittances could not bo
had.
Hard masters made him toll from year
to year
And every time he ate Iris soul wan
glad.
He longed for things that ho could not
obtain;
The prospect of a day or two of resit.
The chance to save a little extra gain.
Sent new thrills trooping gladly through
his breast.
He sat him down no more with llstltss
sighs,
But with the hope of winning liberty
He worked and looked ahead with eager
eyes.
Till Death was kind enough to set him.
free.
Hampton Court palace, London, may
become the home of Lady Scott, wid
ow of the 'South pole explorer, King
George, It Is said, having decided to
make the offer. These apartments are
occupied principally by the widows of
men who have greatly distinguished
themselves in the service of the coun
try In a naval, military or civil ca
pacity. The only stipulation made by
the king when he offers a suite is that
the recipient may not sublet! rooms
to any one without obtaining permis
sion from the court
Hampton Institute, the pioneer
among the schools for teaching ne
groes and Indians, has decided that
In the future It will not give a diploma
to any boy or girl who has not re
ceived definite vocational training.
According to Dr. H. B. Frissell, prin
cipal of the institution, the result of
this will be a better prepared 'body of
rural teachers. A great many of the
Hamilton graduates go back among
their own people to teach the things
they have learned In school.
"In order to make their training
more effective," says Dr. Frissell,
"much thought has been given to the
selection of new students. Tho ap
plication department reports that
2,328 letters have been written this
year; 1,536 application blanks have
been sent out; 909 have been re
turned; 384 admission cards have
been Issued', and 237 applicants have
entered."
The Times of Ceylon has been In
vostigatlng the possibility that Cey
lon may be able to produce raw nv
mine fiber for supplying the ramine
mills of tho United States, and Eu
rope.
SEEKS TO SHAME "DRUNKS"
French Journalist Publish the
Names of Men Who Become In
' toxlcated In Public.
The City of Caen in Normandy, no
ted for its building utono, and for being
tho center'of the most dissipated por
tion of the civilized world. Is beginning
to resent quite seriously the reputa
' Hon which it has beenenJoylng more
or less for a great number of years,
Tho worst ot it Is that according to
government statistics there are more
Inebriates there than in any other part
of Franco, and the reputation is there
fore well deserved. Not only when it's
apple blossom time, but all year round
In Normandy the streets andVoads are
rarely without one, two or even a
small crowd of men unable to find
their way home. But all this will
soon chan'ge If the campaign under
taken by a local newspaper proves as
effective as is expected.- -
This Jburnal has announced that it
will print every weok a complote list
of all those who have been seen In
toxicated during the past seven days
in the streets ot Caen. The first list
met with great success. Every wife,
in town carefully scrutinized it, fear
ing at first to find the name ot her
husband and rejoicing thereafter over
the fact that families of friends or
neighbors were well represented.
The editor haa been flooded with
letters of encouragement from the
women and to these communications
ho' gives much space in his paper.
But no mention is made of the other
messages which he undoubtedly is re
ceiving. '
Invents Tea Teat.
Dr. Alberta" Reed, who Is employed
In the bureau of chemistry in Wash
ington, Is one ot the , micrranalysts
and is a holder of BeveraVdegrecs, hay
ing graduated from Cornell, where
sho was once an instructor in histol
ogy She has invented a cheap'inelhod
of testing tea that will aid the gov
ernment very much In its efforts to de
tect adulteration.
Colored jeop!e who take Booker
Washington's advice and become farm
ers will make no mistake. The farmer
enjoys tho most Independent existence
on earth. What Burer recipe than
that of acquiring financial competence
can there be for minimizing if not
entirely removing the handicap of so
cial ostracism 7
Results of anti-typhoid inoculation
among the French troops in Algeria
and Morocco during 1912 were report
ed by Profesor Vincent at the recent
International medical congress in Lon
don. In western Morocco, while about
16 per cent among the non-Inoculated
contracted the disease, only one In
5,000 among the Inoculated did so.
The average output of coal to each
person employed In the Industry in
the United States Is a little more
than 600 tons, In the United Kingdom
266 tons, In Germany 240 tons. In
France 188 tons, and In Belgium 164
tons.
The party of negroes assembled by
Chief Alfred Charles Sam have
sailed to establish a colony on the Gold
Coast of Africa. The steamer Curl
tyba, chartered by Sam last winter
and brought to Portland, Me., for over
hauling, has been changed from Cuban
to British registry and now bears the
name ot Liberia.
"We will first go to Norfolk to take
on our bunker coal," said Sam, "and
we will then head -for Galveston, where
many of the colonists are waiting for
us. We will have accommodations for
a few over sixty."
Capt McKenzle of the Holy Ghost
and Us society will be master ot the
steamer.
In Stavanger, Norway, even peas
ants and fishermen use electric lights.
The engineer of the municipal elec
tric plant has organized a class of
housewives for instruction In the use
of electricity-heated cooking apparatus.
The New York Housewives' league
haa engaged Beveral women to act
as Inspectors in their crusade against
cold storage food.
Through the work of the Minnesota
agricultural botany department of the
agricultural college it will soon be pos
sible tor farmers to become familiar
with the seeds of 96 varieties of weeds.
Italian State Telephones.
Under an act of the Italian parlia
ment ot July 15, 1907. tho telephone
service in the larger cities of the king
dqm was taken over by the govern
ment through the purchase of the
plants ot the largest two operating
companies. Beveral smaller compan
ies' were allowed to continue opera
tions for ten years before being taken
over. The government operates the
principal long distance lines and has
exchanges In 69 cIUoe, On June 30,
191S, the number ot government sub-
Two London daily newspapers the
Mall and the Chronicle aro insuring
their readers against rail accldentB.
The London Expressflgures that tho
odds against death from injury caused
'by accidents to trainB are 80,000,000
to 1, while London Truth estimates
the value to each subscriber is six
cents a year.
Investigation in North Carolina has
shown that school attendance in cotton-mill
communities Is always lower
than in rural or even mountain districts.
scribers was 61,828 and of subscribers
to private linos 24,233.
Parrot Had His Outing,
Jeremiah, a parrot owned by little
Miss Frances Macomber of Belfast
Me., escaped from his cage and re
fused to be caught for several days,
flying up In the trees and even going
without food, On one of the cold days,
however, ho apparently had enough
ot it, and appeared on the wlndoweill,
trying to get in. Aside from lack of
food, be appeared none the worse.
A Lucky Escape.
"I owe my success in life to poll
tics." "I was not aware that you were a.
politician."
"I'm not; but I thought I was once,
and got myself nominated for an office
that. If I had been elected, would havo
paid me about $1,500 a year. I was
bo badly beaten that I dropped poli
tics forever and took up tho busi
ness that has brought me a fortune.
It makes me shuddtjr when I remem
ber that If I had been elected I might
now be afraid of doing something that
would deprive me ot the lodging-house
vote."
Naturally.
"We gave our preacher a purse of
$500 last Sunday, and also a beauti
ful album containing the pictures and
signatures of the people who had con
tributed the money. He was greatly
affected, and almost with tears stream
ing down his cheeks said he valued
the album much more than the purse."
"What happened then?"
"We went home with diminished
confidence In our preacher."
How to Please Her.
"My dear," said Bllkington when he
returned after having remained out
on the road four days longer than was
absolutely necessary, "you seem to
look younger every time I come
home."
"When are you going away again,
John?" she asked. "And can't you
manage It so that you can take your
trips oftener and make them shorter?"
IT WOULD BE USELESS.
"M ike, how
would yez llko to
live to bo a hun
dred year av
age?"
"I don't want to,
Pat I never seen
a man that old
that could put up
anny kind av .a foight"
Properly Rebuked.
"Mamma, how much alimony did you
receive when you got divorced from
papa?"
'Sh! My dear child, don't you know
that it is an indication of very poor
taste to talk about financial matters
in the presence of formal callers?"
The Beginning.
"There," said the man who Intend
ed to become great "I have finished
my autobiography. It la full of anec
dotes of an ordinary sort. Now I
must go to work and do sometning
so that the book will be a delight to
cultured minds."
The Main Question.
Each cloud may have a sliver lining.
The sun of golden beams no end,
But he that's down to his last copper.
Oh, has he still a single friend?
What He Could Get i
"What kind of a rug can I get tot
about $50?" asked the young husband,
"Well." replied the absent-minded
proprietor ot the auction store, "we
have some good $20 rugs that we're
selling for about that price," '' "'
His Composition.
"They say Mr. Smlth'erley is a' com
poser." "Yes. Isn't It funny? He Is such
a nervous man. It seems to bo abso
lutely impossible for biro to compose
himself for a mtnutol'
