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A. C JON S, ub. nd ropreo. A. C. JOES, Pub.and ProIrictor..1 Jaily Paper Devo/ed to Literahure. 4iiscellan, Neu-s, .kgrio?ulture, Markt V,ets, &C. AB{1OSXONH $1.00 SIX VOLC. XXIIS,Pb. NEWBERRY, S. C., WEDNESDAY, MARCI- 10 1886.N Vol-J.~~~No10 S.C,W=qIW SDZ" THE HERALD AND NEWS. PUBLISHED EVERY -WEDNESDAY AT .Vey'bc;r 8 . C. - TERM.-Oac year, $2; six mon;iths $I; three nonths, 50 CentS ; two inonthz. 35 cents; one month, 20 cents singil copy, 5 centi, payable in advance. Expirations.-Look at the printed label on the paper; the (late thereon tthowA when the sub-eription expires. Forward the money for renewal at least one week in advance. Subscribers desiring the ad<res- of their paper changed must give both the old and the new address. TERMS OF A DVERTISING.-81.00 per square the first insertion, and 59 ets. per Square for each subsequent insertion 8&" A square is the space of nine lines Qf solid brevier type. . Notices in local column 1:2c. per line for each insertion for one month, longer at Inch rates, w:th 25 per cent atled. A reasonable reluction made for adl tertisenents by the th ree, six, or twelve months. Parties Stronger Than Presi dents. No one has a right to say that Mr. Cleveland's administration is already a failure. It is barely a year old. It has the foundation of honesty and good intentions. It commenced work destitute of national experience. It would have been phenominal if it had escaped mistakes. It has ample time in three years to correct the errors of one year. But even if it should be a failure, as the Republicans insist it is and will be, it is not true that it would mean inevitab!e disaster to the Dem ocratic party. First, because what is on trial is the new departure from, not the old De mocracy. Next, because experience and his tory teach that parties are stronger than administrations. Grant's adiministration was a fail ure. It had B,lknap, Robeson and Williams in the cabinet. It had Babcock in the White House and in the whiskey ring. Its features were! impeachments, indictments, jobs and -f avoritism. Judged only by the work of the administration the Republican party would have been swept away. Yet Hayes received his party support, and although the Democratic majority really elected .Mr..T4e.-Hayes re ceived a sufficiently large vote to prompt the successful attempt to count him in. The administration of IIav-es was a failure. It was despicable in its petty dishonesty, meanness and hy pocrisy. It was ridiculed, condemn ed and detested by the Republicans themselves. At its close it consign ed the fraudulent President to nitiful obscurity. Yet it did not bring dis aster on the party, which was strong enough over to elect such a man as Garfield even a man as pure and unas sailable as Hancock. On the other hand, measured by the standard of~ Republican Presi dents since Lincoln, th,e Arthur ad ministration was a success in its way. It was by no means brilliant in its accomplishments. But it was safe, conservative and clean, and was an agree able surprise to the Republicans themselves and to the whole country. It was thought that Dorsey's asso ciate, the eulogist of "'soap" in elec tions, the head of the New York machine ring, would have made a strongly partisan administration con S trolled by the worst political ele mehts. This opinion was pleasantly disappointed. The Arthur adminis tration satisfied the business men and conserv-ative Democrats, espe cially of this city.. In fact there never was a President who entered the office under such a cloud of clistrust and party unpopu larity as Gen. Arthur, and who went out with an indorsemuent more cheer fully given by all parties. Yet what followed? The Repuli can party, under its boldest and most brilliant leader, was defeated by a candidate inexp)erienced in national affairs and unknown except to local * No. An administration may a.dd stren gth) or imp)art weakness to its party beyond doubt. But when it comes to the crucial test a p)arty de pends upon itself-upon the ideas and sentiments it stands for, and stands against at the last (lay of the election. This is especially true now, be cause MIr. Cleveland has hardly given the real old-fashioned Demnocraev a * full, fair trial. IIe was nominate~d to secure Republican votes that no other Democrat seemed able to get. e did receive that Republican sup ort, and is, naturally. to-day lookingl it and leaning upon it. This tst, present and prospective Repub an support has undoubtedly influ a I oi 1f he hall call i t olN leae~of the Democratic a rt to his CoUn.Sls; if lie h11 made thie Nes tor of the organization ipn Ile for the course of his a-hiir t on; if he had been guided by pre ci!et; ih ha- recognized govern ment by party as the accepted spirit of our syst.n then indeed it mirht have been diflicult for the p,rty's fortunes and tho;c of the administra tion to be separated. But has lie done this? i as not Mr. Cleveland made a ne-w depart ure? Were not indifference to party and independenc! of its obligations regarded as the startinu poit I-dI jewels of his ad-ninistratio::? Wh1i 1e his chosen advisers are h-n-oralle. upright men. are they not for the most part a; inexperienced in na tional tairs as himself? While use ful and influential as local leaders. did they take into the Cabinet with then national representations? Were Daniel 31anning. V. C. Eudicott. William C. Whitney and William F. Vilas as well known to the nation as such predecessors as Albert GriMtin, IIenry Dearborn:Robert Smith a' Gideon Grange! under Jefferson's administration; as William II. Craw ford. John C. Calhoun, Smith Thormp son and Return J. Meigs under Mon roe; as Louis Mc.Lane, Lewis Cass. Levi Woodbury and Amos KendIill under Jackson; as Robert J. Walker, William L. Marcy, George >ancroft and Cave Johnson under Polk; as James Guthrie. JefTerson I)avS. James C. D)obbin and James Camp bell under Pierce? Secretaries Manning. Endicott. Whitney and Vilas have vet to Cs tablish their statesmanship and their permanent title to national lealer ship. They are comparatively ycung men. caPable men, respectable men. But it is no disparagement to them to say that the best known, the oldest and most (distinctive elements of the Demoeratie party at this time have not had a full(hance to show what capacity they hal for carrying on the government; that now. more than ever, the party must stand independ ently of auy f*ailure or success of the administration, because the best proved brains of the party, becaus the best proved character of tle party. because the best tried methods of the partv, be1-cause the best tra ditions of the party, as represented by Thurman, Tilden, Seymour. Ilen dricks, MceClellan and IIancock were not callId upon to share or advise in the Admistration's poli cy. And thus we believe that. no mait ter how many mistakes the admainis tration may make, when anoth er President is to be elected the con siderations we have mentioned will have their dhue weight. and the elec tion will be decided, not so much by what Mr. Clcveland's adinristration shall have failed to have done, as by what the new candidate of the Dem ocratic p)arty will be and p)romise. and what, from his character, capue ity- and good faith. he can be trusted to peform.-N\e< York WVorM'. Ma'rch Ath. Time to Call a Halt. It is seldom thait weC give advice toj anyvbody it the f armners, and we are particularly careful ic>t to obtrude our views upon the editorial frat-ern ity- as to the conduct of their jour nals. Perhaps it is hecause we have been favored with so niuch: advice ourselves that did no good. Then advice is a chienp commodity and niost people are furnished with a full stock of it ready for any- occasion or subject. We thb:k. however. the tm has come whiec we mar veniture afe suggestions toi our esteemed contem poraries, the News and Courier and1( the Register. as to thle quacrrels of the colored churches. Of late there has been too much in their papers about these unseemly wrangles. Too much digniity and impjortance have been attached to them andi too) nmuch space devoted to them to the e'xcluion of more imlportanit macters. A mnan must have a singuuar taste to read the recital of these troubles dar after, day, without becomaing nausea tel. They are not edifving. Their ten dency is far from advanciing morals of the pueopile and do not p ro mote mental imiprovement. Indeed.d we can see nod good to bde derive'd from such pulications5. If continued~ our contemaporaries ;vi becom Ofs obnoxious to god ta-t eand manners ' as the Southern l'resby vterian ww it inflicted upion its readers the odi ous controversy abodut ~evolution." We say this much out of kindness to our contemaporaries. It is time to call a halt. -Such reading will never make any man better. It is a waste of time and money to print such inar.--Au ri! IiLram Feb 18th> NO--HIS REASONS FORt THE FAJTH THIAT IS IN I. OF .I'lsoTh--N EMi!ATIC NI AII'i. To Tl!E g's iN Maio I.IDJ I i .'tgL!ita Chroncle.) Fe bru rv 2~. 1 SS0. Etri:s Cnix ixi i.: Your le'ttC of the 24th inst. received. You caI my attention to the views of '1rof. 1. C(. Wite, Occupying the chLir 0 vhemistry and aricultural seience a the University of eor-;ia, as se forth in an address before the Stat farmers in Columbus. (a . ami in a ntrvi w with the Chronile ii August. Pro!. White. it aippears has made up his miid that the nerr is a flilur(. and what the South. o L-corg-ia, most needs is an intelligen p)esantry-seientifiC and skille( laborers. In your first question vo 5av: --I would ask you for you >pinion about the negro as a laborer Andl of the race a3 a peasantry fo le South. Do you belicve that w nust look for a new class to suppli is place on the farm. and are scier ific and intensive farming and north rn and foreign immig-ration the bes mbstitutes for the present labor syS eim in the South" I answer emphatically I do not nd I base my answer upon it: -ears' experience. Prof. Whitc to th ontrarv. notwithstanding. The nc ro is lazy, so is the white man; f -ourse, we see honorable exception u both races. oftener in the whit -Ce because they have more pride o :haracter and more sense. T1he ne go sees and feels this, hence hi villing-ness to be guided and directe )y the white man. It is wrong, hin 1k, to blan:e the negro tor li4 'ailure on the farm where the lam >wner rents to him and turns hin oose to shift for himself. 1I i )roken when he beains, and but fe vhite or black men rise. So rare i t, that when one succeeds it is an o be noised about that somebodl uis suffered. The negro as a labore >n the farm, since freedom. deserve redit instead of censure. Th -hange from slavery to freedom wa cry great. It actually killed a goo, nany before they found out t1a reedom would not do to eat. Thle, he frenchise was extended to theu vben they were profoudly ignoran >) what it meant. But what raec mation or tribe would have behave< s well under similar circumstances o. sir, the negro is not a failure o1 he farm. Take any county in Geoi ~ia. and where vou find the most nc troes there vou will find the mos ~otton made, and that is the troubl md( has (done more to cripple th arming interests than biadl abor. vonld not be understood to say thu >ur labor sy stemn is a good one, lint lo say it is the best we can get, ani vithi concert of aeti m among th 'armers, could be made thle bes abor for thle South to be hiad, eithe 'rom the old or new worlds. Th 2egro) is easily satisfied. iIe ca stand the hot sun. God Almight, ius put a sweat pad up)on hits hien vhich saves him from sun-stroke, an ias gilven him a constitution in ever w.ay suited to thei South. Upon thm mubject of his education,. I would sa) irst edlucate himn to speak the trut mal try to teach lhin that in the~ gree 'uture cien OIwill be puishediC( an :irtue rewarded, and that a gob :buaracter is worth something, eve nu this wo(rld1. Secondly. educat ihnl la the use of tools. tue plow. th 10e. thie axe. T[his. I think. is or luty. When it comes to books K. ii m win his spurs and wear theum; nan is always better helped w2 ilps himnself1. An ecclesiastiet >oliticlin lias said that there ar leven millions of negzroes lhere t stav, and most of them uneducate lnd will remain so unless they gc lpj. It may be safely said the here are fourteen miilions of our ow -ace here to star, who are unedn :ated and 'will remain so unless the ret help. I am disposed to stick t mr own race andl help them if we ca eip at all. until they get out of th neshes of ignorance, and then. ;;it better irrace and stouter heart. hel be regro if lie still needs help. kink it was 3Ioses's idea to stick to hi wn race when lie slew the Egyptiai h ecause 'doses had been impose pon. but because thc Egyputian ha mp]~osed on one of 3Ioses's raet Georzin. whlen it, was first settlet wvas known as and called an asyhm orn the poo(r. I would not, if I coul< prevenlt the por bunt honest and1 ii Iustrious eimarant from the Nort or West or Europe from coming, . long as we liave room. but to invit them here to take the pilace of the nv gro as laborers, I am opposed to tha What wouil heoe of the negrer ? Ilov longf beorV( ) I mean now f the ealngre ws mzlade" t he farmer woui b uced to a strike? I, the ne ro was to gt I) a strike it is highly probal- that le woul h1e ,ruck and h-i(*: all thi. ner es and ag-woring iwlites never tid act along well twgether. In 11y opinion. it woul be unwise to un!er take to make the change. with the neZro here in sufcient numnbers to do th work. e.pc.iall )isl r was supplemented with the white race. and thus let the white man feel tha. it is incmbent upon hm to see that the lab,.or or the 11'gro is intelligently andnustriously vdirected. until the niero becoles sufliciently skilled to lI throuL himself. A few are do 1 * ing that now, and the numbcr is increasing. In justice to the negro. let miz, Say r that for ten years before the war be twceen te States I was engaged in iing lessons i in metal-welding and temperi n(g steel. soldering. platin. &c. I also proposedl among farmers who owned slavcs to take a sprightly 'man (negro) from the farm. and in ten davs teach him to do the most of the plantation work, such as making ant pointing plows. ironing liames, singletrees. screws and taps, &c., &c. For this I charged one hundred dol !ars-no cure, no pay. I succeeded in at least nine cases out of ten. I often instructd poor white boys in this way, and somie rich ones, whose parents wanted to develop their mus cle and give them the use of tools. I founl the negro amost destitute of in entive genius. but a g-enius of im itation higly Oeveloped. I succeed. ed better with neuroes than with whites; not because they were as smart, but because they were willing 111( anxious to learn, and not afraid of* work. The white man's hands would blister, and it was very rare that I could get one to cure the tlis ter by raising another under the one already formed. I can still show a "ood inyiv blacksmiths. white and black. instructe(d as above described, Within a day's ride. and some in Augusta. who were slaves, and in structed by me in this county in 1"57 and I 1 5. In conclusion, I would say, give .the negro a chance. le hias had t hard road to travel since he left hi6 heathern wilds. and al 1ough he was enslaved for two cen turies or more his contact with the white mnan and civilizatian has made the little bunch here worth moure than 'ill the balance of negrodomi put torether. 1Three Things Shown 1Y i lE D)IS(EsION 01' TILLMAN MovE 31ENTi-TIiE AGiIi(:ULTrUiR. so CI( ETY OF 0i1.\NGIEUG. We plaice before our readcrs this weeck a r eport of the discussion of Agricultural Society, at their meet Ling on last Saturday. Mlost personis have read the letters of Mr. Tiliman, especially his letter published in the ti News and Courier some time ag~o, rand are. therefore. familiar with his purpo~s andl the modes lie suggests to carry them out. Ini the absenlce of a better leader. Mr. Tilhnan will not remfuse to be the farmers' Moses to leadi themi out of their present troules. at least until a conmventioni cain meet' and perfect organizationi. The discussion of last Saturday andl its results sem to) settle then follow n~g points, so far as the members of thaLt Society are concerned: 1st. The State administration and most of tile oflicers belonging to it hav~e thec entire confidence of a very large majority of those present on rthait occas3ion. ud. The movement thioughl favored as a hoe or in part by many, will mneet with~ sufliint opposition to maike its success exceedingly doubt. e ful. Thle plans of Mr. Tillman arc not generally approved, nor is lie the properlman to lead in a movement of I d.A separate agricultural college doe. not seem to be needed in South Cairolina~ by the farmers; nor has the Souith Cairolinia College as many op . posrs ais our p)eople were led to be. alieve. Its Agricultural D)epartment ie is~ deemed. by manv. to be sufficient bto meet the formwrs' needs if proper ly matnag.ed and confined withuin its ler1itimate sphere. It is thought a State Convention s' wil be held in the near future. and in thiat case our couiity will be repre. sented so the interests of its farmers may\ be properly looked after. Fur the'r discussion of this riestion. how. -ev. i needed and oughXlt not to endu L until the, farmers of the country arc a per f ctly an d permanently organized, alnd, like othier professions, place 'themselves in a position to defend -their variedi interests and to make b eir power felt as a controlling fac stor in the government of the State. eThis is natural and it is righ t, be cuethe agricultural interests of the ouhis the chief corner stone of our 1 aio a rer.. i.t...: - /".r ,.w7i . NO RADICAL D!FFERENCE BE TWEEN CARZOLINA P;:OPLE. (v[TINi:D Dist>sCLoI( N of Sit'Til *A,) LINA POLITIC.-A LL TR4)UiLE LYING IN (l'.\IULE.TON-THE ('(NTE:TS OF T17 E Po ITICIANs-Iil NG OUT THE IN,;4. (Cor Irsponlont Au;gu-ta Ch,rouicle.) SPAIvrA'NBV;. S. C.. 'March ;. special.]1he ale and well Uied editorial of tile Chronicle of Satur day. the 27th. suzgsts some thouhlits which may not be inopportune just at this particular time. One who. like your correspondent. Las lived in different )arts of the State, and is thoroughlV acquainted with her peo ple. Canl Say with Collfidene th'at there is really no radical (tifference between them; and[ whatever preju dices that may have existed were largely, if not entirely. destroyed or obliterated by the war. They have the same State pride. and are gene rally the same straight out. white supremacy Democrats. though the middle and up country are somewhat more Democratic. properly speaking. requiring every man, as some one says, to "take circtunstances as tiie arise, and stand on his own bot tom" instead of relying on the name and fame. or the prestiC. as it is called. of some one else. The mid (ile and up country realize that there is a splendiId pO)uIation in Charles ton and along the low country who. though so greatly in the minority in their own section as to be of but little assistance to the party. are as I patriotie. and a: m:ous for the pro gress. advancement. and g,oof grov ermient of the State. as any one can be. and therefore as fully deserve reconriiition and protection. There are seet!emen there too, such as Col. Wi. Elliott. of Beaufort. who deserve and are capable of properly filling almost any position within the gift of the people. -To show thie dispositio: of the up country. it is only necessary to recur to tile August Convention. of 17G. in which. after tile strai(It-oLt Demn ocracy of the middle anI up coun try had triumphed over the fusionists or C hamberlainites of Charleston, in stea,I of Laking everythingf to them selves. they divided the state posi tions fairly, (en G ary declined the Spomsition of Attorney-General in favor of Ge(n. Connor. who was then the leader of the oppositionl. TilE TRoU~nLE: LiEs IN CHIARLESToN. As soon as thle D)emocratic party' went in'to) power theC Charleston p)oli ticians. somie of whom were accused of beiing closely associated with tile Radicals. conmnenced their opera tions for tile <iirectionl and control of affairs in the State. both to secure p)olitical powver and pIosition. and for other pu1rposes. to put it mnild, of a more dloub4tful character. T1he first contest was over the bond question. in which thiey triuimphed. not by Decmocratic votes. but by using the Radical negro votes in the Legisl,a ture to force the bond compromise. bywihthe question was relegated to tile Supreme Court. wich; was or ganiized. to diecide it as they desired. The same p)arties next organized the educational institutions in the inter est of Charleston and Columbia with out regard to the laws or thle Const i tution. and without regard to the in terests either of tihe larmners or tile denominational colleges of the State. We find them controlling the State Executive Commlittee and tile State conventions. and refusingr to recogz nize tile claims or services of Generai Gary, thioughi he hlad conceived and inaugurated th~e straight-out move mcient whlih redeimed the State. and rendered many othler invaluable ser vices. both ats soldier and citizen. Thie next triumph of these wily eo conspirators in seekingr their own gain and advanceiment, as well as the nerpetuation of power, was in the I reat railroad contest. whcn, within a twelvemonthi. for the first time in tile history of the State, a South Carolina Legislature went dIown be fore the lobby and was forced to vir tually repeal a law before it had been tried, and did not have tile courage to abolish a commission, whose andls were tied and left worse than useless. because an unnecessary expense to tile State. All of these things aind the defeat. of the census in the last Legislature, were accomnplished by the samie in ituences. Chlarleston and her allies in Columbia and other places. wjiding an influence by virtue of her undnae representation. and in the bond and railroad matters, by making use of the Radic al negro ; tes in tile i louise and the Senate. The defeat of th:e census was accomplished more adroit ly, by- bringing the iniluence to bear on asm11 hnrdy lke the Senat o ne,n where some middle and up country Senators allowed themselves to bE or 1uped into acquies cence. T aking evervthimz into con sideration. one might safely say that we have been a patient and long sufL ferin ipople. and it is a worder that we have Ilot rebelled before this. RING OUT TiE RINGs. The masses are nearly always right at heart. (and so are the people in South Carolina. both of the up and low cour; but- they are naturally si) loyal A unsuspectingf, and they have been manipulated so adroitly, that it has taken them a long time to realize that they were being gLoverned by a ig) rinz. which is supported by smaller rings in the State. It is true that there may not he any regular r-ganization. with a certificate of membership, in these rings, but they exist nevertheless; feel the touch of the elbow. and know upon whom to rely. Look at the national appoint ments for South Carolina to positions at Washiington, abroad and in the State. and it is easy to see who has struck hands, in order to take care of their friends. connections and favor ites, some of whom are utterly with out merit and little better than po litical mendicants. GOV. TI SO 'N S ADMINISTRATION. Any severe criticism of Governor Thompson's administration would be unjust; as, in the first place, the State ticket is composed of very good men against whom but little can be said, some of whom do not at all approve of the wa afftirs have been conduct ed heretofore. As previously stated, his nomination was a compromise, on a good man, but the trouble has been that it repr-esented no well de fined policy, and has accomplshed no reform in any of the affairs of the State. THE NEWS AND COURIER. Newspapers in this day and time are indispensably necessary to make or mar -the well laid schemes o' mice and men." and the able editor of the News and Courier, who may be called the Michaeveili of South Carolina politics, soon came to the front as the ally of the leading influences in the State, and ere long became a recog nized power. as a member of the State and National Executive Committees. At one time. on the railroad question, it seemed disposed to become the champion or the people, but seemed to be a mere sham. as it turned up on the other side at the next session, in its usual role as a -whipper in" for thle rinzs. Tlhis is a simp)le statement of the generail course of affairs in South Cairolina. and in my next I will try to show how "a farmers' convention' might somewhat relieve that pressure, and restore the freedom of the peo. plle. Yes? "Thxe nmuntanins look on Marathon, And Mairathion loks Oil tile Sea: Anid musling there an hlour alon%, I dreamed that Greece mighlt still be fre" Bunt tile Rings h,ave called on Dawson. D)awson on thle Sea. And D)awson said: "Ill tickle yon And you'll1 tickle mc."' SP'anTAN. A Word to Fools and to Farm ers. SOM1E PLAIN $1PEECII FRoMI A PLAIN PIIACTICA L M1AN-TWENTY YEARs (IF sal) EXP'EIENCE ')N ONE SA D LINE -rTHE M1AN WHo' B3EG> AND)THE M1AN WHoD)IEYS i IUSREAD) UoTHI ARE sLAvEs. StArr: Rocic, CoixUMnIA Co.. Feb. 2.-Editors Chronicle: The time is near at hand for p)lanting the crop of 188G. Will last years experiencE make any changes for tile bletter! Experience is a lear school, but fools will learn in no other. Now, I wouli ask, in the name of reason andl com mon sens-e, have we not beeni foob long enough? No farming comnmu nity- in any age or any country eve] got along and (lid well who dtepended upon one p)roduct. irginia tried il with tobacco and failed. Souti America tried it with indigo and failed. The cotton belt tried it witl cotton and failed. and THEl ALL COTTON P'LAN of farming. if continued much longer will eat np the plantation, dirt an/ all. A good deal. of late, is said ani written about the inef!iciency of la bor on the farm ; still the farmeri stick to cotton, which reqjuires mor< labor than anythiing we grow. Cot ton will not do to eat. Labor fol lows meat andl bread. and when ti< farmer makes cotton to exchange fo: all the necessaries of the farm. whici must be hauled a thousand miles. 01 more at his expense, and often sold on time at oneC hundred per cent. ovct first cost. isit strange that the cottor crop 1ail or is exhausted before all the in' a re paid? We have a farm cr in the Republic of Columbia as pLucky and energetic as can be found any where. who has stuck to cottor thrnnah eyil and good report for ser. enteen years-he was strictly an all I cotton man. Last year he made fif teen bales to the plow, but failed to I pay out by two or three thousand dol- i lars, and now offers his farm for sale. 1 It is to be hoped that some one will . purchse who has better farming E sense to begin with. Another neighbor tried cotton for two years and declared that he got nothing but the seed. He did most 1 of the work and pulled through until f three or four years ago he CH1ANGE) THE SCHEDULE, li and began making his own supplies. Ile is now able to declare small divi. 'I dends every year. All that saved a him during the cotton mania was, he t run on cash, and, as lie described it, e "cut close and squinched his thirst." r Another farmer in an adjoining coun. r ty mortgaged his farm to a merchant p to get supplies, at $6 per acre. He a was also a cotton man. In two years Y he ate up the farm, besides all the c cotton he could make, and was bad- b ly in debt besides. I speak of these s things to show how foolish it is for 1 the farmer to continue the all-cotton n plan of farming-which makes the6 Y credit system a necessity and then t leaves him at the mercy of the mer chant, forgetting that there "is policy in war, but no friendship in trading." No legitimate business known to civilized man c"n live to pay the t credit price for meat and bread and almost everything used upon a farm. v Better rub out and begin new, and, u in case of death, will what we have 3 to the merchant, and recommend our h families to mercy. I- fact, no man is a exactly free who either begs or buys t, his bread. and when bought at credit 1 prices, lie is a slave indeed. It is d not surprising that our Southern ' farmers are slow to catch on to I TUE CHANGED CONDITION OF LABOR. s The change was very great, but still t the negro as a wage working people b is the best labor we can get. What race of white people would work for s thirty or forty cents a day, a peck of v meal and three pounds of meat a b week, and retire to his cabin at night. r happy and contented the year round. If the farme-rs of Georgia would leave t the old rut this spring and plant f plenty of everything which. can be t raised on the farm consumed by man f or beast. and then plant enough cot- c ton to keep all hands employed when t not engaged with the provision crop; and then resolve that, all, both white and black, who are able to work, must go at it and stick to it until the cro'p is made and gathered, it would almost raise Georgia farmers from a dead level to a living perpendicular. 1 1 believe the old adage is: "A wise man sometimes changes his opinion, a fool never.'' - It would appear that, after TWENTY YEARs' SAD EXPERIENCE in cotton, we might learn to be wise. It is confidently believed that cotton is now below the cost of production, even for those who can run the farm for cash, soil and labor, &c.. considered, I mean now the all cotton men; and for those who are trying on time farewell. world. I did want to say a few things on the subject of INTENsIVE FAIDIING, and although my letter is long, will risk one or two thoughts, and, to be gin, let ime say that farmers are not agreed upon this subject; for instance, one of my neighbors prepared the land and set out his potato slips; he manured highly and got in the grass generally, and when lie went to work out the patch the grass had such a firm hold he found it impossible. lHe quietly prepared another p)atchi, pulled up the slips and transferred them to patch No. 2. This lie called inten sive farming. I t is said that much is the mother of money, may it not be said that labor is the foundation stone?. As labor is now, this is a rolling stone, the bed rock is not steady nor reliable. hence the farmer can hardly risk setting all his eggs in one nest. but had better climb the ladder a round at a tim.e-begin the intensive system on a small scale, and -that for cash, depend more upon Ihis own muscles, wrestle on, toil on, and may be after a long, dark night, day may break in full view of the promised land. TRAVELLER. ANoTIIER VIEW. CALHOUN, GA., Feb. 21. Editors Chronicle: I have read with muchJ interest the interviw with -lrof. Wh ite, published in the Au us"ta~' C hronicle, I think his position inconitrovertible, his argument unan swerable. A man of observation ca~ 't find a word of untruth in what lie said in that talk as printed. There are, of course. a few exceptional cases amongst the negroes, but they are "few and far between," and these exceptions are found in the old, slave, who had an intelligent; hu mane master, who worked him sys- 1 1'I ematically and not mechanically. [hese negroes are now the most- re iable laborers we have, but they are lapidly passing away, and will soon )e extinct. The "new issue" negroes Lre absolutely worthless and irre ponsible. They work only- as a natter of necessity, and when an op ortunity presents they drift into the ities and towns, where they soon ecome "scabs" on the body politic, urnishing abundant material for the ourts, jails and chain gangs. They :now no such word as steal-they take" things and are soon "taken." 'hey are so much driftwood; they re a burden on the courts, the coun ries and finally the State.- They are onsumers now where they were for erly producers. 1 will die out with 3y old slaves, but a day of white easantry is coming; it must come: nd under proper circumspection it rill prove a blessing to our Southern ountry. The negros' days are num ered; colonization or extinction tares them in the face. I will. not 1t a negro of the new edition live on iy premises; I supplant the old ones ith poor white men peasantry of e American variety. Vhat is said about Capt. Lip scomb's Letter. In reply to a letter from a friend, ie Hon. James N. Lipscomb has usitively refused to take any part rhatever in the farmers' convention nder the control or leadership of fr. B. R. Tillman. Mr. Lipscomb as always taken an active part in nything that would advance the in !rests of the farmers of the State, ut like every w;se farmer ought to o, he fails to see things as Mr. 'illman does, and in his own words e says you can count him out of ny convention with the "Agricul Liral Moses" as a leader.-WL oro News and Herald, 2nd. We cannot but admire Mr. Lip comb's bold manner, and think he. rill lose nothing by tb plain. e has written. If there is one thing 3ore than another that we heaitil etest in a public man, it is the fe o express honest opinions, lest a ew votes be lost thereby. This bing of running with the hare arking with the hounds may suc eed for a while, but the day of re. ribution will surely come and all [ec.itfulness certainly be exposed. t requires a man of great moral ourage always to express his opin. ons, boldly and fairly, without any Iilly-dallying, but he rises in the ~cale of moral worth just in propor ion as he does so. The writer is 20t a p)olitical admirer or Mr. Lip scomb, but does not hesitate to ex ress his admiration of his course in he Tillman boomerang.-Abbeville a1essenger. We publish in another column a let ~er without signature addressed to RIon. J. N. Lipscomb from some one 3vidently bearing confidential rela ions to Mr. Tillman, in which the writer states that Tiliman regret ted biaving to "scratch'' Seeretary Lip- - scomb and he invites him to join in the novement which the writer thinks will 'sweep the State," and he cautions MIr. Lipscomb that unless he does, "I fear gou will get left." T he whole benor of the letter indicates that the. - Tillman agitation is pollitical in its bearings and objects, and that the ~ advacement of agi-iculture is only uised as a plausible excuse for the attempt to array the farmers as a :lass faction against every other in derest in the State. The letter of Col. Lipscomb is a strong, manly and scathing rebuke of all the de agogical clap-trap and should be read by every farmer in the State, and then they should make up their minds whether they are willing to follow the "H amburg Moses" in his bitter and insulting arraignment of all other professions and occupations.-Aiken) Recorder, 2nd. "Score No. 1 for the Agricul- I tural Bureau." Some of the fertilizer companies are howling because the Agricultural - Bureau has placed their goods on the List of frauds. Score No. 1 for the Agricultural Bureau. If the chemi :al analyses of the goods, as found ~ by the State chemist, are correct, , :hey deserve to be published, and the companies should seek to rem ady the same instead of howling when their goods do not come up to bhe standard.-Marion Star, 25th. King Thebaw bas four queens. England has only one, but with her navy revolvers she will take the pot all the same. "Does your family play ball? was asked of a little shaver. "Me A mnd mother does," he replied. "I awl aned she makes the base hits*