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NEWBERRY, S. C., THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 5,_1891. PRICE $1.50 A YEAR ESTABLISHED 186 -_ _ .___- 7 RIELICS OF OTHER DAYS. Independence Hall and its CurIosIties-11 Mint and Some of Its_ Ancient Coins. [Correspondence Herald and News. PHILADELPHIA, Janunry 20.-Th, hupble scribe has been in the city fou months. In that time a great deal ha been seen-so much in fact The Heral( an,l News could not bold it if writtet in detail. Philadelphia takes in i whole county. Can you grasp that4 Suppose Newberry was as large as thii county, what an inland city then would be. I am fifteen miles from th4 heart of the city and still within thi corporation by one and a half miles o: more. To go to the top of the Cit Hall tower and look northward as fa: as the eye can see, red brlek house! seem to rise upon each other. Lool east, and one sees marble, granite brown stone business houses runinc up five, six and seven stories high, an beyond the historic Delaware river lie. the more modern historic city of Cam den, N. J., made so by being the homt of Walt Whitman, so says Bob Inger soll. For this fling Camden is not re sponsible. I hardly- think there is i - vein of mutual admiration existing be tween these remarkable men. Of all the places of note in Philadel phia, Independence Hall still holds th( lead on the hearts of the people, anc justly should it. Who can stand undei that memorable bell as it now hangs ir the hall and not think of the tim( when its intonations declared to an op pressed people that there is now liberty With boyish pride I used to gaze, wher at school, upon that venerable pile ir picture and conjnre up in mind thos( men who had long before purchased that liberty I was then enjoying, I would wonder also if I should ever se( the bell, the Hall and the chair it which the President sat, when hi. name was affixed to the Declaratior of Independence. All these have beeu realized, for twice have I been around to see the curios. I have stood it front of the table on which the parch. ment lay and seen the President and all the signers. John Hancock was thE only one who signed the paper on thE 4th of July, 1775. The chairs used on the occasion have been returned and now occupy the space they did ovei one hundred years ago. In anothei room are a great many relics carefully guarded as treasures of the United States. A drum used at the battle ol Germantown, swords, guns, rifles, pistols and daggers, gun-locks, am rods, scabbards, all sacredly guarded day and night. Dresses, robes of va rious hues, slippers, corsets, (different from thosepworn to-day). Knee panta loons, waist coat, curious sandals, and a suit of holy clothes, made for, and worn by John Q. Adams, who thought then he would one day be President. Settees, camp stools and tables, spoons, jars, army chests, all find a last resting place here. The compass young Wash ington used when surveying, and the snectacles he wore when old age camne o~n, occupy prominent places. Pictures painted by WVest and other artists are here. Plaster casts of Washington after death, And a large nu'mber of othier relics no less interesting. All these are interesting to the aver age American because they and the be holder are in sympathy. To-day men would fight and die for these very things and the iconoclast who would dare destroy one relic must must do so at his own peril. Our patriotism has not died, and so long as there is a bul wark of h'uman breasts ardtud these emblems of past success and glory no foe dare attempt their destruction. No less interestiug than Indepen dence H all is the Mint. To some this may seem a little strange, but if you could only pass within its doors and see v-hat a revelation is in store! Just briefly will the contents be outlined, beca'use, to do uthore would require careful investigzation and accurate data. In this mint all the dlifferent denominations of our money are mad e-gold; silver, meckels and copper. The sweepiugs from the floor o,f the smelting are worth S-1,000 per year. The silver is rolld out into thin bars Sjust the thickness of the particular coin to be made, then put under apunch 1?g machine, from there they go to an other press where the eagle and face of the woman are made, then again to an other maclyne where the milled rim is put on. Now it is fin ished and in ap pearance is bright and shining ant ready for circulation. One million t wo hndred an~d ifty thousag-ldollars are made daily. You ask whei '-oes it all gotyThat is what I wos.lom,ike to Bttemost iteresting room in t this room coins from all the countries of the world can be seen. Coins of the defunct Roman empire, the insolvent SGrecian treasury department, and so on through the whole catalogue of gov ernmnents that have been. MIarc An tony, Commnod us, that gIluiton of Rome, C:e sar and others, all hav coins conm nmemorating someC great event of their reign. ODe piece which struck my fancy was a Romar, coin with the head of Minerva. on it, mi.ade before Christ 500 years. This coin wvas v-ery pretty. The shekel of the Israelites is shown, but is not so handsome. The piece which attracts most attention, auC usually brings an exclamation of joy is the wVidow's Mite. andkmite it is. Two of them will not m.~ piece as large as our three cent t w piece When l>oking at this tiny piece o: Son ey, the mind goes back over eigh teen hundred years. The biblical story tells us that Christ sat over against the emnle and he saw those who cast in, the rich of their abundance, the laborer of his scanty but horded treasury, and the widow who cast in all she had, tw> mites. What a lesson of reliance uponi him who said "cast thy burdens upon the Lord" and thy "breard upon the waters." It is said that this pie- is not a facsimile, but a genuine coin. We do not '.now that such is the case, bLat we do know that it is called the un L .N s Mite." E. H. K. A HISTORY OF EDGEFIELD. To be Written by Newberry's Histor2mn. LJohnston Monitor.] Mr. John A. Chapman, of Newberry, is now engaged in writing a h'story of Edgefield County. 'Mr. Chapman is eminently fitted for the task, being a seholarly and gifted gentleman and an author of co,nsiderable reputation. It is, of course, impossible for 'Mr. Chap man to do the work satisfactorily with the scanty material gathered by hin-: self, and for such reason it has been suggested to form an historical society for the purpose of gleaning the local traditions and facts for the use of Mr. Chapman in forming an accurate his tory of this county. A meeting has been called to perfect the organization, ta be held at Edgefield on the :Sth of February, 1S91. It is earnestly hoped that the meeting will be largely at tended so that the laudable enterprise in which every one in Edgefield should feel a profound interest-may be started under favorable auspices. Let every body set their talking machines in motion and talk this thing up until all Edgefield may be proud of the final consummation. THE ALLIANCE BANK. Directors Elected-No Officers Yet Elected. [Record, January 29.] The statement was made yesterday that the trustee stockholders of the State Alliance Exchange were having a heated and lengthy discussion about the organization of the bank. It was known then that trouble was brewing in the camp and up to the hour of ad journment last night there was a hot fight going on between two factions. Finally, 4fter hours of wrangling, the bank was partially organized by the election of the following directors: J. A. Sligh, D. P. Duncan, J. T. Dun can, J. W. Shaw, J. W. Stokes, J. E. Tindal an:d W. H. Timmerman. Subsequently the directors held a meeting but the trouble continued there and they adjourned without electing any officers or making any arrange ments for the establishment of the bank. The bank matter, thtrefore, stands in statu quo until another meet ing, whieb will very likely be held in the spring. There is strong opposition to the bank-so niueh of it in fact that the Alliancemen refused to give out any thing fo' publication. THLE BANK ASSURED. [Special to N%ews and Courier. j Cosx3. BA, Jar'uary 29.-Reference was made in the News and Courier a few days ago to the fact that there was a little hitch in the circumstances, or rather the progress, of the Alliance Bank for this place. Last night one of the directors stated the facts to a re porter for the News and Courier, but requested that nothing af the circunm stances be mentioned at that time. It was learned to-day, however, froman other director that there is no reason, this morning, why the circumstances should not be published. He said that it was a certainty, to begin with, that the bank would be established, and tha t the directors had been eleted with that distinct understanding. The de lay in the election of a president and the other oflicers should not be taken as a supposition that there were any material obstacles in the way, and tha:t an arrangement agreeable to all parties would certainly be reacheti in less than a month. It appears that the charter for the new institution~ does not cover a enut ingeney, which is to be arranged by consent. There are atbout twen:tv thousand dlollars now to the credit of the exchange or rather the property of its marry stockholders. This amount is in the hands of the State Treasurer, but it is understood that it will be trans ferred to the new bank and that when it begins it will be with the good will of ali the Alliance people. It is also well understood that Mr. D. P. Duncan will be elected the president of the. bank. Potato Certificates Demanded. [From the Washington Post.] ,A very humorous proposition, and ye\mee that follows in the wake of pro pose*-slation, was submitted to the Senate y 'Qrdav in the form of a peti tion. It urs dthe Government to re ceive potatoes a: 'isue Treasury nlotes thereon at the r: of $1 a bushel. The petition has be e' referred to the Finance Comtte "A ver's Cherry Pectoral has gr-en me great' relief in bronchitis. Within a moth I have sent some of this prepa ration to a friend s'iffering from broni chitis atnd asthma. It has dlone him $o uuch .rood that he writes fo more. - Eganid. If you sufTe~r fromi any alferti. n causedl by intmure blood. such as -erof ula t s:trhetun, sores, boils, pimles tetter, ringworm, take Dr. J. H. Me~ Lan' Sarsaparilla. F reqjuently accidents occur in the house-hold which cause burns, eut~ sprains and bruises; for use in such~ eases~ Dr. J. H. McLeat's Volcanic Oil Linment has fo'r many years been the ARP ON THE EXO V . Evvry itace Hag its Own Sir Oracle And tht Colored Race Seemso to Have Been tet Most Unfortunate of A1. :From the Atlanta Constitution.] Of courSe it was a trick-souebo(dys to-ick-this gatlhering of the negroe-s to 'ro to Africa. The my,Vstery about it :dl is that 1.02 They could have gotten $C just as easy-iaybe.4. But it wasn't the trick of our people. The credulity of the negro is amazing. One would think they had learned sonething since freedom came-soiething about trust ing strangers. The idea of going to A frica for $1 and a postage stamp would conviet anybody of lunacy. Two thou sand of the dupes in Atlauta with their ti:--ets and as many more all along the line to WVashington-all -,vaiting for the agent and the ships. Soni went fro:n Cr:er.ile, and are on the road some w.i:r. They won't talk. They are bound to secrecy. They have been hoi-'hwd. Education does not seem to rid the negro of the superstitions and vagaries that belong to the race. Every conimunity has its oracle, its conjurer, its fortune teller. There is one over on the hill back of us. The women and the girls have more faith in her than in their preacher. If one of them loses anyiing sh goes to the old woman, who listens to her story and floats sonie cofiee grounds in a saucer and tells the name of the thief, and generally te'Is the truth, for she is smart and knows her nabors. My daughter's nurse went to her yesterday to have her fortuue told, and said the old woman told her she would get a present before night from the good lady she was nursing for. Well, of course that was a compliment, and my daughter dident. go back on the colored oracle. Her good will is worth something when nurses are scaree. But I was ruminating about the exodus to Africa-not about the going, but about the desire to go. Is it a sign u' anything- Ever since I was a boy there has been talking and writing bolit the Jews going back to Jerusalem, and sometimes thesigns of it are pretty good, but they have never made a start. And now the wise men say that Provi dence planned the slavery of the negro for his good and waited 100 years for bis civilization, and then sent Stailey to Africa to get the Dark Continent ready, and now that same Providence is inclining his mind to go there, and his is the begin'ning of the i;reat -xodus that is to come. Well this may be so or it may not be, but it is all right if it is. Our people are willing ind waiting. But the negroes can't 5wini and they can't be floated over for ".;2. One thing is certain-they will ; When their time comes and not be Lore. This thing was tried half a cen ury ago and it was too soon anddident work- The Colonization Society meant well and spent lots of money. They built ships and sent agents over to Liberia to p)repare the country for the -olony. They took over thousands andI tousands of negroes who 'ad been set free by their masters in Maryland and Virginia, but they died like cattle with the nurrain. Most of the states had laws which forbade slaves from remain ing in the state after they wvere set free. hey had to go north or go to Liberia. iut still there was a great many free negoes in the southi-negroes whbo wvere hora free -andi they wiere a middle class eteen the slaves and the white folks. 1hey were not tup to the one nor down to the other. Like the Irishngn's defi Iition of a fairy, "'they are the spirits f folks who are not quite good enough for Heaven, but are a leetle too good for hell." And so wh'len freedom came to the slaves, the old-fashioned, high oned free negro was in a Iix. His middle station was knocked out and lie felt it keenly and wvas mad. He was 'ither down to the level of the "comn mon(' n igger" or they were br--ugh t up o his. MIost of them were respectable mlat mees and had trades and oc'upa tion in the towvns like white folks. Fin that class alt our southiern bar tiers camne, but as one of them said to m not long aigo: "I was always a .iemocrat. sir', and mixed with southern ~etlemen, sir. I was in the Mexican war, siir, and I was intimate with General Henry R. JIackson and Gover nor Colouitt, and all the blooded stock. I assoited with gentlemen, sir, be Fore the war, but one day Mr. Lincoln took his pen in his hand and set all these black niggers free, and, before we knowed it, there was about 40,000 new batrbers jumped up withA a bi'ushi in one hand and a razor in the ot her mnd we old-fashione~d free niggers hain't ad any comfort since." I knewv one of these high-strung ~ula; toes who got rich, and owned a pantation, and bought somenlaves and worked thema. He never forgave the yankees for taking his p)roperty with at paying him for it, and whalit w"as worse, they raised up the other negroes :o be his equals. About rifty years ago an old gentle man died in our county leaving a large state and over 300) slaves. He left a will in which lie set free thirty-seven :f them., and directed that his execu Lrs should send them to Liberia. He harged that I hey should be prov'ided with abundlant clothing' and when th'ey enibarked they should he given 2-I0 apiece in gold. These negroes were his favorite household servants and their iarents and their children-they had been reised by him and treated with care and humanity and he was at tached to thenm. They were reluctant to but finally consented and old Wil liam,who was the trusted and confiden tial agent of his master, made prepara tions to go with them, as his master had direted Their denarL ure was prevented by a bill of injunction that was StI. out by one of the heirs and the case ha( to g0 to the supreme court, where tht will was sustained and the execut. ordered to proceed with its provisions Those negroes were sent from Savannal to Liberia on the Ship Elizabeth Three years after their departure th< old mau, William and six others ver unexpectedly made their appearanei in oir town and delivered themnselve4 to the executor. They reported all th( others dead and asserted that they hac tried for a year to get back but werx refuse: transportation by every vesse: that came. Finally they hid themselves in th( hold of a trading vessel one night, and kept hid until the ship had been thre( day.s at sea. Their rations gave out, and they came on deck and and be for favor from the captain and got it, for he was a kind-hearted man, and brought t hem safely to Philadelphia. Abolitionists of that city tried very hard t >keep them from coming south, and would give themi no money to pay their traveling expenses. William was well acquainted with Howell Cobb, who had been his master's guet in the old times, and who was then a member of Congress, and so he wrote to him at Washington, and Mr. Cobb sent them monev and they came to him, and he gave them enough to come home on, and the old darky's face fairly shone with illumination as he told ,f their trials and sufferings, and how happy he was to get back to his old home, where -he conld live with Mas' Tom, and die and be buried in the old family graveyard. Mas' Tom soon heard of their return and hurried in to meet the old darky who had taken care of him from in fancy to manhood, and they wept and sobbed upon each others' shoulders and there never was a more touching, loving scene than that. This is not much of a story, but it is a true one, and my father was that executor. The attachments that bound together the great majority of martyrs and their slaves were strong and beautiful; but they have passed away, and now it seems that the negro wants to go. The two races are living together merely by force of circumstances over which nei ther has any controi. How long they can live together depends upon their good sense and forbearance. I feel sure that I can live with them and keep their respect and their friendship, but perhaps it is because I used to own slaves and stillTel and maintain my love and my superiority. Our class will soon pass away, and so will the old slaves who love to do us honor. How the coming generations will harmonize I cannot foresee nor foretell, but from the signs I fear there will be less for bearance from the one and less humility from the other. The problem is not solved, and such political measures as the force bill will only make it more complicated-hot that the force bill will ever be enforced to our injury, but the animus of it is bad. If the conflict comies it will not be precipitated by us or our negroes, but it will be the same old strife that still rankles bet ween us and our northern enemies. From that enmity I know of no discharge unless we fall back upon that scripture which says: "If a man' s ways please the Lord, even his enemies shall be at eace with him." BILL ARP. Simplicity In Language. [From the Western Spirit. 1 The last important work of George Bancroft, the historian, who died in Washington on the 17th inst., was tc carefully revise his celebrated "His tory of the United States," eliminating flowers of rhetoric that graced early editions. From this the writers of to-day may leaina a useful lesson. Though Ban croft never wvas extravagant in the use of pictulresqjue language, yet the ex perienCe of mature years led him tc sip)lfy and p)ut inl plain every-d1ay setences many pages that appeared to him no doubt when he penned them as attractive, if not really beautiful. Th prores of the world in letters has been steadily toward simplicity it laguage. The best historians, au thors, and newspaper wvriters of to-day do not indulge much in what is termed Ithe "roses of rhetoric." Pure, simple Enghsh is the standard. '-Grant's Memoir ," Bancroft's "History of the Constitution,'"SenatorCarlisle's speech es. and New York Sun editorials are More Graphic Poetry. Touch not the demon beer this year, N ~or ssimilate the smile That sends you home befogged and Ina s s b i t o h y u t I t e. -ndianapolis Journal. There is comnort f->r the man witha prematureiy gray beard ini Bucking ham's Dye, because it never fails to color an even brlown 'or bk1c:/: as may be deired. If you havena paintuilsense or ratigue, find'vour auties irksome, take Dr. J. H. M1eLean's Sarsaparilla. It will brace you up, make you strong and( viorous. When you are constipateu nave head ache, or loss of appetite take Dr. J. H. SleLeans Liver and Kidney Pillets; they are pleasant to take and will cure you. Eezema. scalp covered with eruptions doctors proven valueless. P. P. P. was, tried and the hair began to grow again, not a pimple can be seen, and P. 1P. F. ..again proved itself a wonderful skin UNIVERSITY REORGANIZATION. The 'lan of Studies as Prepared by the Comit1iitee and to be Submitted to the Trustees. CornUim,IA S. C., January 2-.-A meeting of the executive committee of the South Carolina University was he!d to night to prepare the plans of reorganization of the University. The pecial committee, consisting of Presi dent McBride and Superintendent of 1Education Mayfield, prepared and sub mitted the following: OUTLINES OF THE PLAN OF STUDIES AND METHODS OF INSTRUCTION. In view of all the circumctances at tending the reorganization of the Uni veritv of South Carolina it is highly desiiable that the board of trustees should explicity iudieate the principles that are to direct and the methods that are tu be pursucd in the future adiniii istration of the South Carolina College. The following general positions or principles, having direct bearing upon the practical questions of reorganiza tion, are, therefore, submitted for the consideration and approval of the board: 1. The best educational experience of our day has concluded that liberal education, both for culture and train ing. may now be attained through many and divergent course of study. This conclusion finds practica application in the almost universal custom in col leges of offering as great a number of courses as their facilities and outfits will warrant. It is worthy of note that students seek those institutions which give the widest choice among courses. 2. The object of the reorganized South Carolina College is to afford this liberal education in the highest modern ac ceptation of that term to a class of pat ronage embracing all grades of social life and personal ability, seeking general education along many lines of modern intellectual development. 3. The demands, therefore, of our times and of our patrons can be met only by affording, instead of the old time single curriculum, many and varied courses leading to the same de gree or to degrees of equal value; and by such further provisions for shorter courses as the needs of irregular stu dents may require. 4. Each such course should be differ entiated by a masked predominance of certain kindred studies, and all the media of modern lib6ral education should find place, as far as ppssible, in these varying combinations: In one the ancient languages should constitute the differentia; in another English studies; in another the modern lan guages; in another history and the econominical and mental sciences; in another the mathematical and physical sciences; in another the natural sciences -and so on to the fullest extent of the practical possibility of differentiation. 5. The college as reorganized should include no chair that cannot be classed among the agencies of liberal educa tion, but every department so admitted must take rank with every other on entirely equal footing and be granted equal opportunities with all others in the community of collegiate instruc tion. In entire accordance with this view the terms of the recent act of re organization disptinctly place "theo retical sciences (by which are clearly meant the pure sciences, as dirtin guished from the applied sciences) literature and the classics on exactly the same footing of perfect equality. 6. A certain unit of disciplinary study, combined of literary, classical, and scientific elements, will naturally belong in common to all the courses. This common unit almost exclusively pertains to the work of the first two years of the college course and should therefore offer but little choice for the option of the student. But this dis ciplinary p)eriodl passed, the largest liberty, compatible with the mnainten ance of distinctive courses of study should be granted the student an.ong grroups of elective studies carefully ar ranged with reference to the purposes of the respective courses. Collegiate instruction will certainly fall short of its opportunity should it fail to fit its students to choose intelligently in the higher classics the studies best suited to the needs of each individual student. In the junior class about one-half, and in the senior years at least two-thirds of the studies should be opened, under proper restrictions indicated above, to individual choice. 7. In every department of collegiate study, work outside and additional to class-room duties should be exacted of the student and required of the p)rofes sor. The theories and principles enun eiated in the lecture or lesson should be illustrated and enforced by special kinds of drill adapted to the character of the several departments. Such drill can be found in the testing and handling of chemicals, in the examination or analysis of living and dead forms, in the solution of mathematical, physical, logical and psychological problems, in the writing of outside exercises for time teachers, p)rivate correction in ancient and modern languages, and ini the preparation of compositions anid essays in the English branches for like propo sition. In higher classe espeially, of all departments, elaborate and careful lylrprd essays should be required onysuectsgerai to the lines of onhe sjdyt genmahe several depart ments. Above all, it shoul.i be rigidly required of both professor and student that this work be done outside, and Iwithout in terference with the duties of ~ordinary recitation. This is indeed the laboratory work of classical, literary and philosopical departments. 5. Not the least important purpose of such requirement is to guard against that rno rout ine wh ich by slavish ad herence to more text book instruction dries up interest and inspiration in the soul of the the teacher, and degrades .4 him to the office of a lesson-hearing niachine, the bane and curse of all edu cation. 9. The Plan here ou'liaed seeks, in the first place, to bring to bear on pro fessors the enlivening influences of healthy, frierdly competition, by with drawing those temptations to formal and perfunctory teaching that must a: prevail in any system, that, by forcing unconditional attendance upun certain courses on the part of students, en- t courages indolence and inefficiency in in the professors thus mistakenly hedged about. In the the second place, this plan, recognizing the necessity of arousing interest and stimulating zeal in the student, oflers, with the proper guarded restrictions, such choice of stuis as shall enable him to gratify his tstes and exercise his abilities in such directions as shall seem to himi most pleasant and profitable. % 10. A moderate amount of graduate work leading to the old and universal ly recognized degree of master-of-arts should, for obvious reasons, be still pro vided for. 11. The work of formulating and ar ranging the details of the courses and of perfecting the methods of instruction outlined above should be referred to T the Faculty-the report of this work when comple;.ed, to be submitted for the approval of the Board. The above report is, of course, sub ject to changes by the board of trustees d when it meets. The committee de cided on adjournment, not to give out any details .f the meeting. C L D DROPPED DEAD AT A BANQUET. D The Sudden Death of Secretary Windom Ti in New York. I NEW YORK, January 29.-Just as Secretary Windom concludLd his speech at the board of trade dinner to night, he grew deadly pale, his eyes shut and opened spasmodically, and he fell on his chair. Thence he slipped to the floor, where he lay unconscious. The at most intense excitement immediately D ensued. Judge Arnoux, Ex-Secretary ce Bayard and Capt. Snow were the first , of several who ran to Mr. Windom's of aid. They found him apparently un- -e conscious. They lifted him gently and Of carried him into an ,ante-room, where several physicians proceeded t in once to hl; assistance. The at- G tack resulted in death. u Senator Windom left Washington w to-day in apparent good health, to at- of tend the banquet of the New York tl Board of Tade and transportation, e, of where he was to respond to the toast, ni "Our country's prosperity dependent at upon its instruments of commerce." io His address was prepared in advance, 01 r and embraced about five thousand words. at Win. Windom was born in Belmont th County, Ohio, on May 10, 1827. He re-m ceived an academic Education, studied a law at Mt. Vornon, Ohio, and wa ad mitted to the Bar in 1850 In 18.52 he tlh became prosecuting attorney for Knox County, but in 18&55 he removed to , Mlinnesota, and soon afterwards he. was ti chosen to Congress from that State as w a Republican, serving from 18.59 to r 1869. In that body he served two e terms as chairman of the committee on te Indian aff'airs, and also was at the head of a special cemimittee to visit theWest- c( ern tribes in 186.5, and of that on con- at duct of commissioner of Indian affairs in in 1837. In 1870 he was appointed to wv the United States Senate to fill the un- p exp)ired term of Daniel S. Norton, de- u1 ceased, and he was subsebuently chos- p] en for the term that ended in 1877. He was re-elected for the one that closed tU in 1883, and resigned in 1881 to enter m the C'abipet of President Garfield as Seeretary of the Treasury, but retired n: on the accession of President Arthur in et the same year, and was elected by the C MIinnesota Legislature to serve the re mnainder of his term in the Senate. In as that body Windomn acted as chairman ai of the committees on appropriations, l foreign attairs and transportation. His most noted act during his Senatorial, career was the introduction and advo cacy of a bill to purchase territory in' the Northwest and colonize negroes. He was ap)pointed Secretary of the . Treasury by President Harrison and a has since served in that .apacity. p4 Our Largest Bell. EFronm the New England Magazine.] h The largest bell in America is that of Notre Dame Cathedral, Mfontreal, w six feet high, eight feet seven inches in diameter and weighs 24,780 pounds.c It is ornamented with images of the Blessed Virgin and St. John the Bap tist, together with emblems of agri culture, commerce and industry. It was cast in London and bears this in scription in Latin : "It was cast in the year of the Christian era 1847, the two hundred and second since the founda tion of Montreal, the first of Pius the: Ninth's pontificate and the tenth of thej reign of Victoria, Queen of England. I am the gift of the merchants the farmers and the mechanics of 'Ville Marie." In the opposite tower hangsr a chime of ten bells, the smallest weigzh ing 397 pot.ads, the largest 6,011, total 21.696 pounds. t The largest bell in the United States cl is the alarm bell on city hall, New h York, which was cast by Blake of Bos- jti ton. It is six feet high, eight feet in diameter and weighs 23,000 pounds. For weak back, chest pains, use Dr. ;w J. H. McLean's Wonderful Healing s< Plaster (porous.) p Eakinfg Ready for the Great Celebration Gen. Wade Hampton Invited to be Orator of the Day. [Special to News and Courier.] Cor.lmIA, January 28.-The gen -al rommittee of the Centennial'cel )ration met this afternoon, Dr. Fisher residing, Mr. Cath2art secretary. A -eat deal of businEss was promptly id harmoniously dispatched. Dr. Fisher, to whom the selection of ib-committees was referred, reported ie following: Finance-Messrs. Pearce, Muller and howas. Collections-Messrs. Jones, Maucke, rump and Habenicbt. Day Parade-Messrs 3ancke,Shields, ilie Jones. Trades Procession-Messrs. Cardwell, imnaugh, McCreery, Lowrance and .otz. Oldest Residents-Messrs. Morrison, arcival, Altee and Beard. Display and Decorations-Messrs. uller, Swaffield, Shiver, R. T. right. Fair Grounds and Ipatelligence Office Messrs. Rowan, Dr. Dunn, Pearce, bertson, Harper. Invitations and Receptions-Messrs. iomas Taylor, John P. Thomas, Jr., r. Geo. Howe, R. W. Shand, Judge , C. Haskell. Canal-Mayor McMaster, Messrs. ,sportes, W. B. Lowrance, Capt. Ire 11, Rhett, Holley. Railroads-Messrs. Cardwell, Rich ond and Danville: NcQueen, South rolina; C. M. Smith. Atlantic Coast ine; P. Morrison, Richmond and inville; J. H. Green, Richmond and inville. Press-Messrs. Flanders, Gibbes, ghe, Douglass, Watson. IE INVITATION TO GEN. HAMPTON. The following is Dr. Fisher's official nmunication on behalf of the stand g committ(e of the Centennial or .nization of Columbia to Senator mpton: "CoLU3BIA, January 28. "To the Hon. Wade Hampton, Sen a Chamber, Washington, D. C.-My mar Sir: Repiesenting a committee mposed of members of the city coun of Columbia, members of the Board Trade, of Columbia, and a committee other citizens, I have the honor to tend to you in behalf of the citizens Columbia and the State the official vitation to deliver the oration on the casion of the Centennial Anniversary May next of t.he first session of the !neral Assembly of this State in Col bia. The action of the city council, by bich you were named as the orator the day, will be forwarded to you at e earliest possible day. It is, how er my pleasant duty by resolution the general committe of the Centen al celebration to convey to you their d my earnest desire that so auspic s an event mnay be inaugurated by e illustrious in war and peace, and ose name and fame are a priceless ritage to the State of South Carolina Ld more especially to the Capital of e State, the scene of the happiest oments of your life, of your most roic sacrifices and most memorable hievements. "I am confident that I speak for all e good citizens of this Common alth, when I say that it is their sire that your honor the Centennial ith your presence and deliver the ora n. Trusting that the committee. il have the pleasure of a favorable p!y, I am yours sincerely and obedi tly. W. C. FIsHER, Chairman Standing Committee Cen unial Celebration." On motion of Mr. Thomas the sub mmnittees were instructed to organize once and report progress to the next eeting of the standing committee, bich has determined to meet at half est 53 o'clock every Monday afternoon itil the prep.rations have been coin eted. The sub-committee have been granted .e use of the council chamber for their etings. Sheriff Rowan was elected unani ously a xmmber of the standing &iittee. The members of the *mmittee spe'tk with enthusiasm of e success of the undertaking, and ill carry the project forward with the surance that the people of Columbia id the State are with them socially, 2ancially and patriotically. Rtoses for a P'retty Girl. LNew York Times.] A certain young man in New York ent out to call the other evening upon young woman of his acquaintance hom he especially delighted to honor. e was quite a young man, aud his ex rience with florists had been neither ep nor varied. It occurred to him, wever, oh this particular evening to >p at a flower merchant's and choose me blossoms for the pretty girl to ard whose home he was wending his "Give me a bunch of rose," he said rlessly to the man of nosegays. "Yes, sir; how many please?" "Oh, a couple of dosen or so." "In a few moments they were ready, id the pnrchaser was feeling in his et pocket for a two dollar bill to pay r them. "How much?" he asked hfore the bill made its appearance. "Eighteen dollars, sir," replied the rist's assistant, with what, his hearer id afterward, seemed diabolical glib The young man felt giddy for a mne ent. He had unwittingly selected ses that were 75 cents apiece. But, has been said, he was very young, id it seems to him a very serious ing to go down before that flower erk. So he paid his money and took s bouquet. "And," he says, "I spent e next hour watching a pretty girl bble and chew upS$18 worth of roses." You can be cheerful1md happy only hen you are well. If yon feel "out of rts," take Dr. J. H. McLean' i arsa Their Mana;rement Requires Urain Work Of No Ordinary Capacity. [Augusta Chronicle.] There are mills and mills. Yarn-mills and cloth mil. Yarn mills and varie ty yarn mills. Sheeting mills, check mills, fancy mills and combination mills, all requiring grades of skill in their management as difTerent as are the mills themselves. Running asheet ing or shiring mill, spinning, nerhaps, one number of warp and two of filng and weaving the tree into as many dif ferent grades of cloth, is one thing. Running a combination mill, making forty or fifty different grades of brown goods, and two or three hundred difier ent weaves and patterns of fancies from twenty-five or thirty different numbers (f warp and filling, is an other. The first is about as easy oU. accomplishment compared with the last as rolhng off a log is compared with jumping from a -balloon half a mile from terra firma. The first is simply a question of keep ing half a dozen different - thing straight without any attempt what ever at an introduction of new grades. The last is a s!,cession of changes, ne cessitating on the part of the superin- - tendent an intimate and infinite acquaintance with twists and draft,. and plys and reeds and harness, and no guess work in it, either. The first is a specialist, if you will it, in the initiatory stages of cotton manufacture; the last is a graduate in the all around school of experience. The sheeting mill makes no changes for a 1000 yard order, nor for less, per haps, than a million yards; and if, in the case of such a change, the warps of-. the first set may be a little too narrow,, there is enough of the order to make, to enable the "width sufficient" goods, to be worked off "two cuts to a bale, where they will never be found." The combination mill takes an order for 1000 yards of fabric, when shades and colors, weave, construction,weight and width must be 0. K. first pop, or constitute so much dead or depreciated stock until next season. Such being the case, it is evident that not only must the superintendent of a combina tion mill be a man of intimate acquaint ance with the various manufacturing processes, with all the data for such' variety of work at his fingers' ends, bt the official of the-company, be hepresi dent or treasurer, or both, -whi fixs the money value of the product, must be a man of particularly good judgment' in the details of the business, or quota tions, asked for almost daily, would seldom be satisfactorily given. In sell ing the product of such a mill, a thous and and one things "bob up serenely" to confront and confuse, that in asheet ing mill only, are never thought of.. . Little things require calm, dey!_bpte judgment and consideration before they will down. To keep a combination mill of 1000 looms goinag right along, and to dispose of the product at remunerative prices requires brain work of no ordinary capacity. Either position-that .is, - either that of superintendent or that of prsdn f such concern, is pretty apt ao partake cf the nature so often de scribed as "midway between the devil and the deep sea." Compared to.these, either position in a sheeting mill is al most a sinecure. Then, another thing, the help of a sheeting mill are more easily kept than are the help of a combination milL Orders come along to the latter at good prices, but involving a new departure ' in the construction of the goods. Ordi - narily, the management can afford to pay a good price for weaving, much I better, perhaps, than is being paid for the grades there in operation. The weaver, however, never stops to prove the earnings the new cloth will afford, nor eveL to consider the price in any way. " t's something new," "never saw it before," "doesn't know if he can run it," and without trying to do so puts on his coat and hat and crosses the street to the next place where he knows his services will be eagerly ac cepted and goes to work for less wages.. Hundreds of times have I seen that little tableau not only here in the South, -~ but in the Nvrth, too. Yes, running a combination mill demands executiva and administrative and Lechnical talent of no ordinary calibre, and yet, strange. to say, like editing a newspaper, every icypo thinks he "can do it" better than -- the man who is doing it. Considering the fact that variety and combination mills are long steps in ad vance in Southern development they have done well in every way. Ten years from now they w'll be more comn mon in the South than they are to-day. Then the pioneers in the business will be reaping the harvest of dividends whilst a good many of the present sheeting mills will have been frozen into experiments in the direction of combination mill just as the present successful Southern sheeting mills froze Eastern mills to the same ultimatum T wo Professions. "You ne'er can object to m~y arm round your waist Anti the reason you'll readily guess,; * I'm ani editor, dear, and I always In sist On the "Liberty of the Press." SHE. "I'm a minister's daughter, belevin' in texts, And I[think all the newspapersbd And I'd make you remove your.ar were it not You were making the waist plae