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_ ?XW^ltATCHaiAX, Established April, 1850., *! "Be Just and Fear not-Let al! the Ends thou Aims't at, be thy Country's, thy God's, and Truth's." the tktje southron, Established June, 186?. i?usolidated Aog. 2,1881.1 SUMTER, S. 0., TUESDAY, JULY 11, 1882._ New Series?Vol. I. No. 50. ^pI3afcd& eyeiy Tueg&ay, f?tc?wian-W?^ 'S?utkron ' Publishing Companyy SUMTEK, SrCi z terms-: ~ TWiollirV perann^m?in adv3Dtae. -S a ?Vl4^?%%ilMTS-V ^OuelSqcare, first inaer?r^^^ 00 TSvejyaubsequs^tinsW "50 "Contracta- 1or three mon As, or longer will haaiade at reduced ratest ts!l*?<&\?K AU comtconicat?oas whichsubserve private im?mta winbeci?rgedibr a^advert?sements. Obituaries api iafaates ?f respect; will be charged for. , ~ ->-, ^ v Itetiage-tf?t?ces ?nd'not?ces of deathV pub HaWfree. - orcontracts, for advertising ._._^JKakd^So^ihTon, of apply, at [tb*-Oflfc?, to- ?^^OSSTO,--" fFor the Watchman and Southron-.^; - s HUSBAND AUTO WIFE. ?y wifttljfiertfsmusie^ Cot*o*da^^triins awakened from my soul, W to sing the gift~ - "TatlS&\God. T^bf|??2ft ^gj> hast io Eaad with me, and , wealth -of- knowledge -*An*Hb<?-?^draw' me jmd our treasure up. beauty's vA?-?* ^S?^tS?? -sl^t^nialrj^??e brother" to the ^^jW^ij^n^**** -s-^^-^' ?miQ??we?Cifi?>tDi?\&a?pioess, vA*d^oyfal ciaapi^v^n, in .Ae do^ds^i -wir^stret?b^<,for the .far-off j 1 ?tar Of ?xertkoce^if?i^aach .o?her,up. ?^Ajh^aw^t?nd.gk4^^ ^ith.one congeofal that doth honest.prise ! "apt nutq.thyself wilt thou desire, Oiritmii u tro^ e^ry^ wer -but-bound Tofa&Ujf creV^^^f^?y fhaCcaoTa'yliold of woman,T shall be Tfrtom oo'by theo^liereveY th'oa'dbsVgo, 8o fiud cmmauuion with thy "closest Friend, Aad Tears fcy sister's side bis As??j sm3?- ? fc?ife?i?, ?wa-Tr?t be?mine, andTlf be . , ^ thlne>; y :. ^_ ^. "-'Twit be^u*Wi*ito struggle on a?d-oD, Thw* we may sacrifice os each for each, : A*^^the?ncen? rj? to sweetest joy...., -, We w?t rj* friends in soul forever pledged ; oemwoa aim and work ofc*r one Iii?, j oar lacerated.hearts, Uj^eapoVtbe Savour's cross,, rieads: and friends for aye of God.. ', T pelce. A Fair Offer. ^ ^JbejBS^^ ; v^o?oj?*tb, devotes ^onsiderabio edito- 1 -' riai ?pace to the consideration of _ the ' as to other t q ci as tries affe et i ug, pax?c u -Jarfj? J?0j*tfc ?. JLt8_ language ^rot^b???ft?i>T^^aiD<^, and is g io-jtepriew of the? pr pec ti^l??^ease' m toan?factario^ iot?rests tioD. We clip from it the ia?tetioo to the -jn?i>tt{aciur _. JSe S?a?i,vwttfi^he^6pe ifiat it * heartjr^ response from - tho#? iotetces"teii 5- 9 ? s -jW-: ^ > 2c^"4A^t^3ea4*&8 beftft wtdHfcrough tioDt of tbo^SiSe^s l^^jfel^.fe w 1 p^t^im ir^b^ooagiogrtbojwaaooeas of 8?WI*?TO'^>^4?t?I^ 'ft?e ri^it ?1 B?S?iP *or tQe makers of cotton, woollen ' anid^m?x?d goo^ w ?k^Sooth, wbo de do, to exhibit- their products * aUptrdes as to, tbeur pre agm tiie line of macufactar ved-'goods^ There is ^certainly plenty < ot- opporionity for this. The space cottf nothings and all inquiries ad dressed io thev Treasurer, 38 fiawley atrjM?> :Bostoa, will meet^?^?h prompt attentioo ; and if the goods are sent ~ h'er?, they will be taken care of and placed on exhibition. If the makers of clcih, or aha^bods from the textile fibers, through. th? ^Southern States would make asgoo^anowing in Bos ton as they did in Atlanta, it would . oertainly conTinoe the people of the ? North that those who live-in the Sooth " ern States do and can make handsome goods., Seeing U believing, and it is postttTe rerification. It seems to ns that there is a good opportunity for those who desire so to do, to exhibit their manufactured goods, and we hope they will improve the opportunity." jj There could he nothing more fair ; than the above offer, aud it is "an in ducement which we feel assured will'be ^appreciated and accepted by scores of the raanufacturvs of the South. The article pays & fine compliment to our manufactured goods, with that spirit of magnanimous justice which looks be yond .the darrow limits of section. There is not a shadow of doubt that, by a favorable response to the amore invi tation by our manufacturers, and the display of Southern skill, in the manu facture of textile fabrics shall be gene ral at the coming exhibition, there will be incalculable advantage accrue to the rrSoath^ Sentiment is all very .fine, and ? 'taffy* talk will.do very well to assist in - smoothing over . bitter memories, but those Yankees are a practical, calcula ting people, and they much rather see tod know what we have done than hear ns, or anybody else what we can do. ? To use the words of the above article, f 'Seeing is believing, and it is positive verification.' Let ns invade tbe North with a formidable array of our best manufactured goods? and they of the North will surrender at discretion, and be glad of the change: ; Lemons for Billiousness. It is not well to take lemon juice into an empty stomach, being a power ful acid, for after a while it will pro dttce inflammation. The way to get better of a- bilHonsness without blue pills of quinine is to take the juice of one, two or three lemons, as the appe ttte cntvei, in as .ranch water as will make it pleasant to drink, t??tho?? sugar, before going to bed. In the morning on rising, or at least half an hour be j fore breakfast, take the juice of one ^ lemooJitt a ^oblet of water. This will dear the system of humors and bile with mild eficacy, without any of the 1 weaktnln^^ffaotf .of calomel and Con* ^grtsa water. The State Re-Districted. Nature and Effect of the New Law. r \Sto$^Correspondence Jfcws and Courier.1 Columbia, July 3.?The plan for dividing the State into seven Congress* ional districted ais adopted by the State Legislature;conforms generally to the plan prepared by Mr.; J)ibblef. the late member from the Charleston District. TB.e dominant principle is to throw the bulkVof the colored vote into a single district,, and to arrange the remaining districts so as to leave in each a colored majority so small, if any, that it can be easily .overcome. It will be borne in mind, also,, chat there-arc thousands of colored Democrats, so that it is not fair to assume that the colored majority rep r?senta the number of votes that the Democrats have to win over. In Barn well County alone there are about 2,000 colored Democrats regularly enrolled and members of Democratic clubs ; but Rsrawell, it- must-be - admitted, bas j more colored Democrats than any other j county in the State. The arrangement of the several. Congressional districts j under the new law is shown in the fol lowing table, which gives also the total population of each division of each dis trict and the total of the several districts : . First District.?Charleston and |t-BeEkeley~St. - ^nilip'a. ;?od -St. Mi chael's 51,1^7. Mount Pleasant, (say.) 788, ^fotdtrievillev (say) 661, St. [ James Goos?cr??t T between* Ashley [River and S. C. R.R. (say) 1,106, Summer ville, (say) 636; Colleton? [Bell's 1,968, Burn*, 1,990, Cam 877, I Dorchester 2,658, George 2,028, Giv harn 1,306.. Hey ward. 1,748, Koeaer 1,490, Sheridan 1,612, Verdier 3,554 ; Orangeburg?Branch ville 2,-010, Caw Caw 2,881, Cow Castle 1,149, Edisto 1,035,. Elizabeth 2,116, Goodland .2, 681, HebronJ960, I?bertyf ?*,2lfc Mid dle 1.663, New Hope 1,267. Orange 6.046, Union 1,418* Willow 1,748, Zion 1,572 ; Lexington County 18,564 Total for district 119,909. Second District.?Hampton 18,741; Colleton?Broxson 2.317, Warren 1, 877 ; Bamwell 39,857 ; Aiken 28.112; Edgefieid 45,844. Total for district 136,748. : Tbiro District.?Abbeville 40,615; Newberry26,497; Anderson 33,612; .Pickens.14,389; Ocooee 16,256. To tal for district 131,569. ^"JfouRi^DisTRi^ 37, - ^^S^aokurg, (except White Plaios^aod- LiWestooe Townships,) iSf^j 19?^J^an?eiKs^9;444:>; Union; Except "Gouaeysvifie. and Dray ton vil le Town stops;); 18,^ Fairfield 27.765; Richland-^Upper township 2,735, Co lumbia 13v083, Centre 3*874. Total ^0^ic|r,ie7;230.\ Fifth 'District.?York 30,713; Chester :24,153; Lancaster 16,903: Union, (part)?G?udeysville": 3,252, Draytonville 2.187; Spartanburg.(part) W!fit^kinR2,2o^,^imestV)n? ; Chesterfield ?6,345^^^fiaw%?538. rTotalfo^ist4ct :12a?3(^. |;.. S Sixth ^isTBiCT^CIaren?bn 19/190; Williamsburg (part)' Kingstree 284, "Sumter Township''?,?57f' LeeV 1,619, Johnson's^ 2,397vrEaW : 1,272 ; Dar Jington-/ 34.485.j-^arlbaro' 20,598 ; ^ai^^A07 ^ Horry 15*574.- Total *e S*v? H^^"iljiatra^ 19.613; Williamsburg, except King stree. Scatter.- Lee-'s, Lake and John son 15,781 ; Summer 38,037 ; Richland ?Lower^Township . 8,881 ; Oraage burg?Aaclia 3,664, Lyon* 2,428, Pine Grove 1,994, Goodby's 1,490, Poplar 1,512, Providence 1,260, Vance 1,286 ; Charleston and Berkeley not in First district 48,447 ; Colleton?Blake 2,521, Lowndes 1,555, Fraser 1,708, Adam's Run 4,409, Collins 1,431, Glover 1,337 ; Beaufort 20,176. To tal for district 186.530. recapitulation. First District 119,909 ; Second Dis trict 136.748 ; Third District 131.569 ; Fourth District 167,230; Fifth Dis trict 121,308 ; Sixth District 132,283 ; Seventh District 186,530. Total 995, 577. There is a considerable difference in the population of the several districts, but this is no greater than the differ ence that, without as good reason, is found in Republican States in the North and West, and which has not been ob jected to. For instance take the State of New York which is blessed with a Republican Legislature and it will be fonnd that the population in the Con gressional Districts yaries from 110,035 in the 27th district to 1,206,577 in the New York City district ; or to compare only districts outside of the City of New York there is a population of 219,886 in the 32d district to 110,035 in the 27th district. In the great Republican State of Pennsylvania there is a popu lation of 117,705 in the 32d district against 212,275 in the 4th district, a difference of 94,570. Again in the Stalwart State of Ohio the population in the 4th district is 214,080 against 152,865 in the 14th district, a differ ence of 61,216. In Illinois, also, there is a population of 143,445 in the 5th district against 204,315 in-the 1st dis trict. Similar examples might be cited in nearly every Republican-State. In the case of Pennsylvania, Ohio and Illinois, not being able to obtain the exact population in the districts, I have taken the vote of 1880 in the districts named, and estimated the population to be five persons for each voter. All the districts, of course, are composed of contiguous territory. The annexed tables show the population and voting population of the districts by color, and it will be seen that in the black district are more than one-fourth of the whole of the colored people in the State. It will be a rich district moreover for choice of material for Republican Con gressmen, as in it are the homes of Robert Smalls and W. J- Wbipper of Beaufort, Sam Lee of Sumter, Rainey of Georgetown, and a host of lesser lights. And it is expected that the Black district will be favored with the presence of E. W. M. Mackey, as he has no chance of an election in the Charleston district: Wliite. CoVd. First District, 53,790 66,119 Second District, 51,266 85,482 Third District, 62,783 68,780 Fourth District, 79,633 87,597 Fifth District, 54,140" 67,168 Sixth District, 57,957 73,426 Seventh District, 31,536- 155,760 " Total . 391,105 604,332 the vote. The following is a rough estimate of the voting population io each district, on the basis of 1 voter to every 4? per sons in the ease of the whites, and 1 in 5 in the case of the colored people : White. OoVd. First District, 11,953 13,223 Second District, 11,392 17,096 Third District 13,952 13,756 Fourth District 17,696 .17,519 Fifth District, 12,031 1,3,433 Sixth District, >-12,879 14.685 Seventh District, * 7,008 31,152 The Democrats can reasonably ex pect, therefore, to carry six of the seven districts, if the full white and colored Democratic vote be cast for Congress men. _ j. k. b. Among the Indians. From the Carolina San. Ocmclg**. Ind. Territory... Mr. Editor: In my last communica tion, I said the Cberokees have a large invested* fund in the United States Treasury. Your types make me say intrusted' fond ; again, I said they have about *one hundred primary or District schools;'your types make me say 'diet' schools:: District bereis used in the same way you would say 'town ship' school. I wish to say something more about the Cherokee Nation and Cherokee people. The Cberokees out number any of the civilized tribes ; there is-by the last census nearly twen ty-one thousand ; they have a country exendinf from .the Kansas line on the north' to the Arkansas river .on the South, a distance of about one hundred and twenty-five miles," and from the Ar kansas line on the East, to a line West, about one hundred miles. As intimated in my last, the Cbero kees are well advanced in civilization ; a good many of the ? have large farms and raise a great many cattle. Some of the farms are as large as we had in the South before the war ; from three to five hundred acres. They raise an abundance of corn, oats, wheat, millet, irish and sweet potatoes. The land is ! very rich and produces very heavy crops of corn.; When a full crop is raised the price of corn is very low, from fifteen to twenty-five cents per J sfeek-_- Z _ r _.j. _ There is a large number of white citi zens in the Nation. Citizens by marri age have all the full rights of a full blood Indian. Some of the white citi zens have made for tu res since the war, raising and [dealing \ inj stock. ; j T h is is the finest-stock" country I ever- saw. Grass by the millions and cattle by th&j thousands. Some m^n, mostly white, own as high as' ten thousand bead ?f cattle. A young man sold a few days ago, a -rauche of about three thousand \'< head of-cattie for $44,000 cash. There ' was considerable wealth here before the^watw f QuiteV*; - number gowned slaves?they are here now .^citizens of the country, just as with you, only this -difference : they; bave.an equal ^interest in tfielafhd"a?well"asany Fntrtau.^ Tbe Indians hold" their land in common. The> Indians,ur at least, the Cberokees and Creeks were about equally divided on our war. question, one part going with the South and the other with the North.. They suffered as much as the people did in tbe track of the great 'Tecumseb,' in our dear old South Car olina, and lost everything, not only their stock but 'heir houses, farms, in fact they were like Columbia and Che raw?literally burned out. The two parties north and south bad been -carry ing on ? war of extermination for three years, each trying to destroy the other and all their property. When the war closed in 1865, there was not a dozen houses of any kind in the Cherokee Na tion, nor but very few Indians ; tbe Southern families had all gone South to tbe Chiaka8aw Nation and to Texas, and the Northern families to the North, mostly to Kansas. The country has recuperated greatly since that time, however, and is now a beautiful, fertile country. This is a prarie country, con sequently we are using the latest im proved machinery in farming. The sulky-looking plow and cultivator, the self binding reaper, tbe improved wheat drill "and horse power corn planter. There is no fodder saved here, but a great deal of prairie hay instead. Just go to the prairies with your mower, cut the grass, let it sun for half a day and put it up in long ricks or stacks?this is tbe dependence for cattle and horses for the winter. Thousands of horses here never eat an ear of corn unless they are taken up and used, aod then they have to learn to eat. Ooe more item about the Cberokees and I am done with them. They are a religious people. Tbe M. E. Church South, has a Conference in the Territory with about thirty-five preachers, (a majority natives) with something over six thonsaod members, four mission schools in good condition and about ten or ! f twelve churches and parsonages. This 11 is called Indian Mission Conference and extends from Kansas to Texas, and from Arkansas to the Rocky Mountains. The Baptists have a large membership in the country and two or three Mission Schools and churches. Tbe Old School j e Presbyterians have a small membership, j t and two Mission Schools and three or four churches. The Presbyterian has not been well represented in this coun try except in one or two cases. Rev. Mr. Robertson, who recently died, was a representative man of his church?a | j fine educator and Christian. He was i long engaged in a Mission School near 11 Muskogee Creek Nation, which he lost \ by fire just before he died. The school j v has been rebuilt, however, and will I < soon be in operation again nnder the ? superiotendency of Rev. Mr. Lackerage, c for a long time Mr. Robertson's assis- 2 tant, ?EUNACHA. { - mm j To a poetess the heartless Chicago ' c Tribune writes : *It will be impossible to {] print your poem about the roses true and f violets blue that bloom in the grassy j c dell, aod the little birds that sweetest1 r words of love in their chirpings "tell, c We bave a large line of dell and blue 12 bird poetry on hand this Spring that j t was carried over from last year* 1 * t V The Cost of Commercial Fer tilizers. To the Editor of BradstreeCs Sir?Id the article od page 309 of your issue of May 20, 'Is the Soil of the United States Being Exhausted Y you quote Dr. Collier, of the Bureau of Agriftilture, as claiming that the im provement in quality and reduction in price of commercial fertilizers, as com pared with the same in 1869, is the re sult of 'chemical supervision* under various state laws, thereby ignoring any part that lower cost of materials, increased knowledge and improved methods of manipulation?and, may I add, an intelligent effort on the part of the manufacturer to improve quality and lessen cost?may bave bad in bringing about this change in price and quality. The various materials that furnish the valuable ingredients of a commer cial fertilizer are now..,obtained at less than half their cost thirteen years ago. This decrease in cost is partly due to the removal of the doty upon sulphur, and to the general shrinkage of prices incident to doing business upon a specie basis, instead of paper ; but it is main ly due to the discovery of new sources of supply for ammonia and phosphoric acid?discoveries with which state chemists had nothing to do?and it is to this cheapening of cost to the manu facturer, and this alone, that gives the farmer his fertilisers at less than half their cost to him thirteen years ago. Besides this, the leading manufacturers are furnishing a fair percentage of pot ash in their componds, a very necessa ry ingredient, and one that was not furnished in fertilizers in 1869. With these changes in cost and com position the chemical supervision under state authority has had absolutely nothing to do. You also quote Dr. Collier as saying that commercial fertilizers sold in this country in the past few years are chiefly valuable for their phosphoric acid and potash. Dr. Collier thus ignores ammo nia, which is the most costly ingredi ent in a commercial fertilizer, and the element almost,.invariably soonest ex hausted from the soil. Potash was not an ingredient of these fertilizers in 1869, nor until some years later, and even now not one-balf these goods con tain it. Dr. Collier falls into the grave error [>f refering to 'intrinsic' and 'commer cial' values as synonymous terms. The intrinsic value as an element of plant ?boaor a com m^eTol?^asilujcerT^e^he amount of crop-producing powerjB messes?I believe ho chemist hal^^ ;empted to decide ; but the commercial ?alue~i. e., the cost of or market val ue of. the elements of plant food contain ed in a fertilizer?may be approximate ly" arrived at, and this is what state iuthorities* attempt. '.In giving, these valuations It is usually stated that t they ire necessarily only approximate, and ire made only as ? basis for comparing fertilizers, so that purchasers may have i means of estimating their comparative commercial cheapness, and it is usually expressly stated that this valuation in 20 way measures or attempts to measure igricultural (intrinsic) value. Dr. Col lier, states that the consumer of fertili sers has been greatly benefited by a change in the basis of valuation'^ made by statu? chemist/ He says ; 'It is "also :o be observed."that the basis "of valua tion of these fertilizers has been chang ed, and in. this way increased greatly :hc benefits accruing to purchasers and., consumers.' For example, in 1869 the sralue generally given to soluble phos phoricacid was 16|c. per pound, while i?wjhe same constituent is estimated tlA?e. per pound. The valuation of haTingredient being to a certain ex tent arbitrary, it naturally varies in the lifferent states. It is now estimated at lOc. per pound in some States, while >thers estimate it as high as 12?c In he earlier valuation a liberal estimate vas placed upon insoluble phosphoric icid. At the present time most states )lace no value upon this form of acid. Allowing nothing for insoluble phospho ie acid, 12c. per pound is a fair val uation for soluble acid ; but this valua ion is based solely upon the cost of naterials, and is in no way brought tbout or influenced by any change in ;he 'basis of valuation' acted upon by .t?te authorities. For originating com nercial fertilizers we are indebted pri narily, to the chemist ; for the reduc ion in their cost to consumers, we are ndebted solely to the laws of trade. Host of the state laws relating to fertil zers are worse than useless, those of STe w York in particular. It is possible o enact laws upon this subject which vould greatly benefit the consumer, uainly through preventing him, in his eckless pursuit of so-called cheap fer ilizers, from forcing down the quality if the goods. I was recently, told by a eading manufacturer of fertilizers that le bad given up trying to make high jrade goods, since the majority of pur hasers were governed entirely by ?rice, and would only purchase low >riced goods. The State of Georgia 'orbids the sale of any ammooiated fer tilizer containing less than 2 per cent, if ammonia and 8 per cent, of soluble phosphoric acid. With such a law, and vit h efficient means provided for sam pling and analyzing goods from trade ?ackages, and with the results publisb d, the farmer might be protected from he ill effects of bis own cupidity and hat of the manufacturers S. N. Wilmington, Del., June 3. Thirty days in solitary confinement, ras the sentence pronounced against Tim Webster by an Austin judge. Thirty days T asked the man. *Thir y days,' was the response. 'Look leali, boss, you gib me thirty days las' Vinter for the same 'fense, when de lays was a heap shorter don dey is now. Un't you gwine ter allow de usual dis :ount on account ob de signs in de lodiackle?' A look of intelligence ap >earcd on the judical hce, and spread til over it. 'I declare, I forgot the lays were not always the same length. .'U make it twenty days solitary con in einen t instead of thirty.' 'Tell me lat book larnin' don't do a niggah no ;ood. I gets out ten days sooocr, all wuin' to my habiii' studied up de ;odiackle,' remarked Jim Webster, as he constable led him off to jail.?Texas liftings. A FATAL AFFBA7 AT CAHDEN. MAJ. L. W. B. BLAIR KILLED. [From the News and Courier ] Camden, S. C, Joly 4.?Major L W. R. Blair, the Greenback candidate for Governor in 1880, was shot aod in stantly killed in Ca m den to-day about 11 oc lock, in a person al^en count er with Capt. J. C. Haile-x'The circumstances connected with the affair are as follows : For some time pa?t there had not ex isted very good feeling between Blair and H aile, and meeting each other on the street to-day, Capt. Halle was ac costed by Maj. Blair, who asked him (Hail) if it was true that he had been making certain statements concerning him, (Blair.) Capt Haile promptly re plied that be had. Whereupon Major Blair called Haile a 'damned liar.' Haile then asked Blair to retract his language, which Blair refused to do. Haile then left Blair, and walked a few steps aod entered the county Treasu rer's office, followed by Blair. Upon entering he closed tbe door, and in a minute or two returned with a rifle and pistol. Blair was then standing within a few feet of the door, and was again requested by Haile to retract his offen sive language. Blair still refused to do so, and putting his right hand in bis bosom advanced towards Haile. Haile then fired at Blair three times, the balls taking effect in the right lung and through the heart. Blair fell dead. The cause of the encounter was purely personal. Immediately after the shooting Capt. Haile surrendered himself to Sheriff Doby, who conveyed the prisoner to the county jail. The body of Major Blair was remov ed to the town hull where an inquest was held and the following verdict ren dered: 'That the deceased came to his death by wounds inflicted by a gun in the hands of James L. Haile.' The body of Major Blair layjn the town hall uqtil about 5 o'clock this af ternoon, when it was conveyed to his late residence, about three miles from Camden. After Capt Haile had been regular- { ly committed to jail upon a warrant is sued by the coroner, his cousel, Major W. Z, Leitner and Mr. W. H. Shan non, made application before Judge Kershaw for a writ of habeas corpus. Judge Kershaw admitted the prisoner to bail in the sum of five thousand dol lars for his appearance at the Septero -h^eJ^^^o/.thkCouri.. the bond to be secured by three or more suretieo^ The Courthouse was well filled daring tbe Waring~of th^oase, and imme^at iy cposxithe orderoeiag. made Capt. E&?e gave tue^required bond 8*4 was eleas ed from custody . Maj, L. WVNjl Bla^was^c fion of Gen. Jas. BlaS^hTTwas a mem-' ber of Congress from this State from 1821 to 1*22. and from 1829 to 1834. On April.l. 1834, Gen. Blair died in I Washington by bis own band. Maj. Blair had; resided for many years upon the estate left him by his father some miles below Camden in Kershaw Coun ty. He was well educated, and devoted a naturally strong intellect to scientific researches. He was for many years the editor of the Camden Journal, and was regarded as a writer of considerable abil ity. During the war he was an officer in Nelson's battalion, Hagood's bri gade* After serving creditably for two years, he was forced by ill health to re tire.- He was commanding in appear ance, being over six feet in height, and very erect in bis carriage. After the- war Maj. Blair devoted himself to planting in Kershaw County and lived rather in seclusion until 1878, when he took a prominent part in the endeavor then made to form a Greenback party in this State. Two years later he was tbe candidate of that party for Governor, and ran against Gen. Hagood, the Democratic candi date. Blair received 4,277 votes. Maj. Blair was recklessly brave, and disposed to be aggressive in act and word. The letters be wrote during his canvass for Governor and during tbe present year were bitterly abusive, and it is a matter of surprise that a collision between Blair and some one of those whom he assailed had not taken place before. r... Columbia, July 4.?The news of Col. L. W. R. Blair's tragic death was received io Columbia to day with much surprise but little regret. Capt. James L. Haile, who killed Col. Blair, is about forty one years old, and was born in Kershaw county. He entered tbe Confederate army as ser geant in Captain (now Lieut. Govern or) Kennedy's company, and during the first year of the war was made ser geant major of the Second South Caroli na Regiment. (Kershaw's.) He then entered Coi. A. C. Haskell's regiment of cavalry as lieutenant, and was one of the most gallant and devoted men in tbe army. . He has lived a part ?f the time sincePthe war in North Carolina, where he married, and then returned to Kershaw county where he has since been engaged in planting operations. On Saturday last Capt. Haile went to a Democratic clob meeting in bis neigh borhood, to reorganize for the coming campaign. It is said that Col. Blair also went to this meeting armed with a sixteen-shooting rifle. Haile told Blair, that as the club had assembled atBrun son's ginhonse, which was private prop erty, the Democrats would retire to the school house near there, and if 'be (Blair) followed him it wonld be at his peril.* Gen Kennedy says that Capt. Haile is a quiet, unobtrusive man, full of de termination, and one of the bravest in the State. No man in Kershaw Coun ty is more respected, and although he would not seek a quarrel, he is a lion when aroused. Judge Haskel), in whose command he sewed during the war, says that Haile is as brave and true a man as ever breathed. FURTHER PARTICULARS. The following letter to : the Augusta Constitutionalist, from Mr. C. H. Moise, who vra3 in Camden at tbe time, gives some particulars not contained in tbe foregoing, to which Mr. Moise, at onr request, has made some additions, from facts ascertained by him after his letter to Augusta was written : Camden, S. C, July 4.?BeiDg in this place on a visit, I was awakened at three this morning by tbe booming of cannon, the joyful ringing of the bells of the numerous churches and the mar tial strains of military music. Being unable to sleep by reason of the noise, I dressed myself and went into the street. A number of persons, mostly colored, were moving about quietly and nothing indicated the appalling tragedy which happened latter in the day. Every body seemed bent on spending a pleasant day. The whites bad a pic nic to come off on the other side of the Wateree river, to which your correspon dent had been invited, but-preferred re maining in town, intending, as a matter of curiosity, to attend a meeting of the Greenback or Labor party, to be held at the Court House, at noon. Col. Cash was advertised, to speak. Sena tor Fishburne, of Colleton county, was also to speak. This party, which (so far as I can ascertain) has very little following in this county, was regarded with some fa vor by the color ed people, who are always ready to espouse the cause of any party who may be opposed to the Democracy, rightfully or wrongfully. They were in the habit of attending tbe meetings of tbe party in very large numbers, and early after breakfast the streets began to fill with colored people of both sexes and of all ages. At about half past ten Maj. L. W. R. Blair, the local leader of the so-called Greenback party approached Mr. James Haile, a Democrat, and said, in substance : 'I understand that you have been saying that I affiliated with negroes and attended negro night meet ings.' Mr. Haile admitted saying so. Major Blair advanced upon Haile in a threatening manner, plaeing his band in his bosom, and said, to Haile 'I wish you to understand that I am cock of the walk to-day, and I am armed. You are a damned liar.", Mr. Haile was un armed. The latter stepped into tbe County Tax Office and seizing a repeat ing rifle returned to the street. Major Blair was required to withdraw his lan guage. He replied, '1 will die first,' fend approached Mr. Haile in a threat ening manner. Mr. Haile raised the rifle and shot Major Blair dead. He feli covered with blood. Mr. Haile surrendered himself to the Sheriff, Mr. Doby, and was conveyed, under a strong volunteer guard of white men, to tbe county jail. The body of Major Blair was carried into the town hall and laid upon the floor. It presented a most ghastly ap pearance.. . Y He was a tall thin nan aged about sixty-eight, with long uncombed and dishevelled hair, a Ion,; shaggy beard, very dirty in his pcremL^andjsiii^^iis,. ^?S?^li?g-tue^tS^BIffn^niinal. His face was livid and bis head was thrown back on one side. J?is shirt bad 1)een opened . and his hairy chest showed two or three wounds. The blood had formed a pool under bis right arm, and the whole scene was shocking and paioful to contemplate. The Coroner is now summoning a jury and .the inquest is to be held at noon. Mr. Blair-was * widower with several children. He owned a valuable piece of land part of which be rented out at $1,000 per annum- Several years ago be was tried for the uaurder of a Mrs. Young. He had had a difficulty with her son and went, to her dwelling accompanied by a negro man. ^The negro was instructed to shoot any one who showed himself ab Mrs. Youngs door. The unfortunate woman showed herself at the door, when both Blair aod the negro fired and Mrs. Young fell dead. Blair was tried for the mur* , der, but owing to the difficulty of ascer taining who fired the fai:al -shot, he was acquitted. Another statement is that Blair did not shoot, but commanded bis slave to do so. Upon the trial, Blair was acquitted on the ground, that he did not fire the fatal shot; while the negro was acquitted, because, as was said, he fired under the duress of his master's authority. I was informed that his father, who was a member of Congress, conmitted suicide in Wash- 1 ington, and that his grand father, or as 1 some say, his uncle, was executed for a { murder committed many years ago. His private character vr.s good and he was a man of high intelligence and of unquestioned courage. He ' was- a Major in General Hagood's ' Brigade during tbe late war, and was a gallant soldier. He was regarded in this county as a brave a an but a bully. He on last Saturday attended a Demo cratic meeting at Beulah, in this conn- ! ty, armed with a Winchester rifle, and ; it is said attempted tc overawe the meeting. Mr. Haile was in the chair . and organizing the Democratic Club of ' tbe precinct. Finding that Blair was ! bent on creating a difficulty Mr. Haile adjourned the meeting 3.od went with i the Democrats to the School House, ; where tbe club was organized. This j ended the difficulty at that time. Only yesterday your correspondent ^ bad a conversation with Major Blair, . and endeavored to dissuade him from stirring up strife in the community, and urged upon him the better policy of , making an honest effort to reform the troubles of which he complained inside of the Democratic party. I said to him : 'You ought to gc to the State Convention and urge your measures there. If you make a:a honest and . earnest effort to reform the party from the inside, and then fail, thtre may be some excuse for trying to form a new party.' He seemed restive, and left without finishing the conversation. Mr. Haile is about forty years old, a i small farmer, of good aod quiet charac ter. I heard of the "Ming while con- 1 versing with Major Mtner, who re- , marked that Haile was a good fellow and a brave and gallant soldier. 1 - ?- ? u- '] Aunt?'Has any one been at theso | preserves ?' Dead silence. 'Have you touched them, Jimmy V Jimmy, with tho utmost deliberation?'Pa never i 'lows me to talk at dinner. A professor of French in an Albany j : school recently asked a pupil what was j the gender of academy. The unusual- j i ly-bright pupil responded that it de pended on whether it was a male or female academy. 11 The Presidential Succession ! Bill. The roost important measure which has come before the present Congress is the Presidential Succession bill, intro duced by Senator Hoar of Massachu setts. The existing law providing what of ficer shall act as President in case of the removal, death, resignatiop, or inabili ty both of the Presidentrand Vice-Pres ident was enacted id 1792 It provides that the President of the Senate, or if there is none, then the Speaker of the House of Representatives for the. time I being, shall act as President until the j disability be removed or a President ! elected. Mr. Hoar wants to repeal the act of 1792 and make the succession as fol lows : 1. The Secretary of State. 2. The Secretary of the Treasury. 3. The Secretary of War. 4. The Attorney-General. 5. The Secretary of the. Navy. 6. The Secretary of the Interior. He would also authorize any one of these officers who might be called upon to assume the functions of the Presi dent, to act as Peesident until the end of the . term for which the President whose place has become vacant was elected Under this bill an officer who is neither elected by the people nor chosen by any representative body may possibly act as President of the United States for nearly a full term of four years. We believe the present system is far better. The act of 1792 provides for an early election of a oew President in case the President of the Senate or the Speaker of the House of Representatives suc ceeds to the duties of the Executive. Mr. Hoar thinks that an election under this statute might occasion great incon venience. We quote his words : 'If there were to be a new election of President in the intermediate year be tween the years of the election of mem-. bors of the lower House, the whole his toric calendar, our Olympiad, would be changed. The President and Vice-1 President woold be elected for a full term of four years. That term might begin in the middle of a term of the House of Representatives, in the-middle of a Congress, and the terms of the offi ces which now expire with the Presi dential term or very soon after, would expire in the middle of the presidential term, and create great confusion.' This is true enough, but our Olym piad, as he calls it, could be preserved by a simple amendment prescribing the time when the newly elected President should assume office. The line of suc cession need not be transferred from the presiding officers of the two Houses of Congress to the members.of the^abiiieJL. Tri order to briu^WiW^I^PrcljaDge may be desirable in this respect. The chief objection to the present system is that it makes no provision for a possible vacancy in the offices of Presi dent .of the Senate and Speaker of the House of Representatives at a time when Congress is jiot in session. Sup pose, for example, that after Congress adjourns President Arthur, Senator Davis, and Speaker Keifer should all simultaneously become the victims of an Iowa cyclone. What would become of the Presidency ? No one could call Congress together until the day fixed by law for the nest, session to begin; and that might be months ahead. This is the sort of exigency that :ougbt. to, bo provided for. . But tbis.cannot be done satisfactori ly by permitting members of the Cabi net to act as Presidents- Let us have no such possibilities as a "Secretary of the Na>y like JBoberson, a Secretary of the Interior like Delano, or an At torney-General like ^Wflliains, at the head of the Government of the United States. Why not adopt this order of succession after the Vice-President ? 1. The President of the Senate. 2. The Speaker of the House. 3. The senior Senator. 4. The senior Representative. By senior we mean the oldest in membership ; but where there are two members whose-ter m s of service are equal, the oldest, in years should be ieemed the senior.' This plan seems to us more democra tic than that proposed by the Senator from Massachusetts, and less likely to illow the Presidency, to fall into incom petent bauds.?Ar. Y. Sun. mm I ii mm Russian Oats. Mr. J. H. Bookman sent to our office 3n Wednesday several stalks * of the Russian oat that were about six feet bigb, but the heads were very inferior, i ind in our opinion, will make next to nothing as grain. The stalk, leaves ' ind grain were all more or less rusted. We understand that the extensive ex- : p?riment of Messrs. Whatley and ft. K. Henderson is not a success from the ' < ;ame cause?rust. Our opinion is that j ; Aie sowing of this new oat was deferred j intil too late in the spring If it hzi ; be<>u planted earlier it might have donc 1 better, as we understand that Col. Nat. Shafee of Lancaster County has thrash- < id out 300 bushels from a two acre lot I While such results may occasionally be I )btaiued from petted spots with new angled varieties, we are satisfied that he little red rust proof oat is the seed ;or this latitude and climate. Plaut ,he little red oat in September or Octo ber and you are almost sure of a crop. dur advice is to stick to your old friend, ; ;he little red with a death grip, and ;ouch the fancy priced high flyers with ?ear and trembling.?At ken Recorder. Mother seeking a situation as foot man for her rawboned sou. Lady? lDnes he know how to wait at table Y \ Mother?'Yes, ma'am.' Lady?'Does be know his way to aunounec Y Mother ?'Well ma'am, I don't know that he knows his weight to au ounce, but he docs to a pound or two.' - m-i m- , When Hattie was five years old her j sister married a farmer who owned a I large sugar orchard. Soon after, a generous package of maple sugar was sent home and the little girl exclaimed, *0, mamma, I'm so glad we've married into such a nice family 1' Yesterday is gone. You have to-day ose it. ^^^H ^m News and Gossip. Col. J. P. Thomas having accepted the positon tendered him in the Citadel Academy, Charleston, the Carolina Military Institute at Charlotte has been closed and the buildings will be sold. It is said that in the slaughter, dress ing and curing of hogs such exactness of economy has been acquired that there is now nothing lost but the 'squeal.' Th^anoual product of the silver mines of South America at.the .present time is estimated at #11,000,000, and their total product since they were first worked amounts to $2,386,000;000. The Colored Teachers' Institute was opened in Columbia on Monday th? 3d. Eighty-four teachers were enrolled, principally female. Superintendent of Education Thompson delivered a short address. The arrangements are vtfj satisfactory. The original Constitution of the Con federate States of America, passed at Montgomery, Ala., has turned up Ml New York. A Federal soldier secured it in Richmond, Va. Tbe British Mu seum au thorites offer ?1,600 for it, but it is to go to the highest bidder. Miss Kate Duncan, daughter of Col. Blauton Dacan who in her girlhood re* sided in Columbia, died recently in San Antonio, Texas, where she had gone to marry Lieut. Augustine Hewitt, of the army, on his death-bed. A train from Long Branch ran off a bridge over a branch of the Shrewsbury River, by which several persons were killed and a number injured. ^Gen. Grant, had a narrow escape, but was hauled ont of the ruins of the smoking car slightly jarred. It is stated that a company, with Col. A* P. Butler, Agricultural Commis* sioner, in lead, has been formed in Co lumbia and vicinity, for the purpose of distilling by a new process the oil, acid and spirits of turpentine from common pine wood. From a cord of wood cost ing abont $3, it is believed that $30 will be realized. "There's millions in it." There is now living on the place of Mr. Hay ire Chalmers, near Jalapa, in Newberry county, a venerable negro man who claims to be one hundred and seven years of age. He says that ho at one time belonged to the grandfather of Gen Wade Hampton who bought him of speculators from Virginia. The Rev. J. B. Mack, D.D., endow ment agent of the- Theological Semi nary, has returned home after a very successful canvassing tour among the ch nrches. During the past, three weeks he has raised .$1.700 by subscription, divided amonsr the churches, as follows: Anderson --gsiou^ $400, and Cberaw, $500.,. The liberty with which the Presbvterians have r^OJ^^^ ed to necessities of the seminTl^Ts"" altogether worthy of honorable men* tion.?Palmetto Yeoman. The war upon glucose, like that upon oleomargarine..is prosecuted with a real quite disproportioned to the practical issue. There is a party , which declares that glucose is poisonorfs, and another which asserts that it a healthy food, and destined to be 'the sugar of the future.' These -contending v factions may never be...reconciled, any more than the users of tobacco can be brought upon common ground with those who hold that it is the great de stroyer of tbelbumau race. Bu? the real measure of reform about which there should be no dispute, 'is such a regulation of the trade that every arti cle shall be sold under its right name; People who wish to buy butter or sugar should be enabled to do so without fear of fraud or m?stake. ^IjLthey^?refef" a cheaper substitue Tor either,- tnereisTTO-" good reason for thwarting their desires. It may as well be conceded, first as last, that what they want they will have, and that judicious legislation will seek only to prevent them from being made th? victims of deception by raise brands and unscrupulous dealers. The bronze fence around Vanderbilt** houses cost $40,000, but a poor little Lutheran Church Society in New York \ has paid ten times as much for a fence they didn't build. Several years ago ?in fact in 1796?tbe church in ques tion wa?'4ooking around for a new building site. - A lot containing six acres 'out in the country' was offered them as a free gift provided they would not only erect tbe church edifice but put a neat and substantial fence around the entire tract. They demurred at the feoce, it would cost too much and the place was so far out of town, that the fence was unnecessary except to keep the cows out. and they bad no objection to the cows being in. So they declined the offer. That six acres embraced what is now the corner of Broadway and Canal streets, and six millions would be too small a figure for it to day. If the church had built the feoce ind held the gronnd, they would now be rivals in wealth with the aristocratic Trinity church corporation which hard* iy knows how to spend its income. The Lutherans of the present day think Df what&igbt have been, and rail at ihe indefensible short-sightedness' of iheir ancestors. Feeding Red Oats. 'Granger' writing to the Spartanburg Herald, says : I would suggest to farmers who are feeding largely, if not altogether, on Red Oats, that they examine the mouths of their work animals and see if they are not being affected by thO be? ds. They are found generally wedged together in wads on the under jaw, along underneath the edges of tbe tooque, cutting into holes the upper surface of tbe jaw?very annoying and painful to tbe brute. Put the bridle on, bits outside'; open the mouth, let an assistant pull tbe tongue out on the side and the operator can extract the most of them with the fingers. Be careful with the fingers. Then rub salt in tbe holes. Change feed for a few days to bran, meal, corn, or tender spring oats, cxauiiniog^tbo mouth and cleaning out tbe a day for a few days. What kind of man like when J