FORESTER SOUNDS WARNING.
URGES PRESERVATION OP
WOODLANDS IN THIS STATE.
Government E*i>ert Declare* Tliat tlie
Cutting of Much of the Timber in
South Carolina Has Had Disastrous
Effect Upon the Soil?l?rotcetlon or
Mountain Forests Is Necessary.
Columbia, Nov. 9.?Forester Moore
sounds a warning; note In his prelim?
inary report on the forests of South
Carolina after a survey of the prin?
cipal wooded sections. At the outset
he says: "A large part of this timber
has been cut." previously pointing
out that the greater part of the State
was once covered with forest growth.
Mr. Moore was detailed by the gov?
ernment to make a forestry survey of
the SUte. and together with Capt.
Miller, of Commissioner Watsons of?
fice, has visited the following coun?
ties: Oconee, Pickens, Greenville,
Bpartanburg. Cherokee. Alken and
parts of Rlchland and several coun?
ties In the northwestern section of the
State,
A plea Is made for the protection
of the forests of the Appalachian
Range. In that the destruction of the
trees means floods for the low coun?
try of South Carolina and sends down
sand, which becomes a menace to
navigation of the rivers of commerce.
"It is to be hoped that the time Is not
far distant when the remaining for?
ests on the monutain lands of South
Carolina will be placed beyond the
possibility of destruction or unwise
exploitation for the benefit, not .only
of this generation, but <>/ those to
come."
The following is the report Issued:
'The greater part of tha State of
South Carolina was once covered with
a forest growth, consisting perlnclpal
ly of pine, sometimes In pure' stand,
sometimes mixed with oaks, hick?
ories, maples, elms, walnuts, birches,
gums and other trees, while cypvess
haa always been one of the Important
trees of the coast region.
"A large part of this timber has
been cut. Some of it has been wise?
ly used for lumber, and for firewood;
the rest of it has been gathered into
piles and burned. When timber had
little value, and the prico of cord
wood did not pay for the hauling, It is
not strange that many good trees
were deatroyed?it was the logical
thing to do. In order to preparo the
ground for the culture of corn or cot?
ton, hut at thrf pefent time, when the
prices for nearly all grades of lumber
are rising from year to year, and
when people in the cities and towns
are paying twice as much for fuel
wood aa they did ten or twelve years
ago. It pays to manage timber lands
In a conservative way, with some re?
gard for the future.
"The area of lands under cultiva?
tion In South Carolina will doubtless
Increase slowly each year for an in?
definite period. With the high price
of cotton, many people are doubtless
planning to cut off all the trees on
their land and put It Into this crop.
Bot In the long run it will generally
be found that a wood lot is a very im?
portant part of a farm. Wood for
cooking and heating purpses and
fence posts and other timbers must
be secured from some source, and
why not from the home woodlots?
"The yellow pines are good seed
era, restocking the ground with young
pines, thus providing for a future for?
est without any labor or expense on
the part of the land owner. Fires do
great damage and should never be al?
lowed to run over the ground. They
do not improve the grazing to any
great extent, and they kill the young
seedlings and impair the vitality of
older trees.
"While It Is desirable to retain
wood lots throughout the central part
of the State, it Is exceedingly Impor?
tant vo keep Intact the forests on the
mountains along the northwestern
boundary. There Is a very close con?
nection between the forests of that
region and the stream flow. The
heaviest rainfall In the State is along
the Blue Ridge Mountains. The soil
Is quite susceptible to erosion and
deep gullies are quickly formed dur?
ing heavy rains, where the surface
of the ground is unprotected.
"When rain falls on a forest, a
large part of it strikes th leaves or
limbs of the trees; its voloclty is
greatly Impeded, and it falls gently
to the ground. The underbrush fur?
ther breaks the force of the rain. The
dense ground cover of leaves, twigs
and dead wood, which is found
wherever forests conditions prevail.
Is of sufficient absorbant power to re?
tain a large part of the precipitation,
slowly Altering It Into the soil be?
neath. The roots of the trees reach
down into the ground for a consid?
erable distance, the tfny root-hairs
dissolving the nutrient mineral salts
found In the lower strata of the soil,
and appropriating them for the use
of the trees. The fertility thus ob?
tained from the soil is not perma?
nently removed, but, being largely
deposited In the leaves, Is returned
to the soil when the leaves fall and
decay.
"The mat of leaves, etc., under the
trees does not readily wash away,
even on steep hill sides. The rainfall
mm through It. finding its way at
last to the creeks and rivers, welling
their volume greatly .but not to the
extr eme point which they reach when
fed by waters Mowing from denuded
slopes.
In a well timbered country the for?
ests act as great store houses of wa?
ter, giving it up to the natural drain?
age channels at all seasons with reg?
ularity. Floods, while not absolute?
ly unknown, are seldom destructive.
' When the trees are removed from
any raountaineous region of heavy
ralifall, like the Southern Appala?
chian country, the water collects in
rix llets, which coalesce, forminr
larger streams and soon swift flowing
currents of water are pouring into
the creeks, which necessarily rise. The
vel )city ot the moving water in?
creases, and since the carrying power
Increases six times as fast as the ve?
locity, the amount of soli which is
moved is very large. The sand and
silt from the fields are carried down
intj the rivers, forming huge sand?
bars, which become a menace to nav?
igation, or are deposited on the bottom
lard, often in such thick layers as
completely to destroy crops and rend?
er the land worthless. Fertile soil is
no . desired in the bed of a stream,
hu Is wanted on the fields, and it is
mich beteer to spend money to k^ep
it where it is than to dredge out the
rivers.
"The testimony of a large number of
fatmers and business men of Oconeo.
Ph-kens, Greenville and Spartanbur,~
counties. Is unanimous to the effeet
thi.t the bottom lands, which were at
cne time the best farming lands of
those counties, are now almost all
ruined, and that this has been large?
ly caused by the removal of the for?
est cover. No evidence contrary to
this could be obtained, although
many people were questioned, thirty
yeirg ago the first question which a
prospective purchaser of a farm ask?
ed was this: "How much bottom land
is there on your farm?' The more
bottom land, the more valuable the
fa-m was presumed to be. At the
present time good upland, out of the
reach of high water, is what is want?
ed.
"So much soil has ben ueposited ir
the creeks t'nat they are fnled up al?
most to the level of the adjacent
land, and a small freshet will raise
the level of the creaks to Euch an ex?
tent that a wide area is inundated. It
is not safe to plant Aftra or cotton in
such places, since they are almost sure
to bt, ruined before the peason is over.
T ie bottom lands sosni times make
g? od pastures, but eossn of them are
sr. frequently overflowed that tllO
giass is poor and thin, and is so mud?
dy that cattle anl hogs are made
si;k by eating it. Pools of water are
formed, and willows, hazel and other
sthruba and trees grow up, forming
dense thickets, and crowding out the
glasses. A rise of two feet in the lev?
el of a creek now does as much dam?
age as would once have been caused
bp a rise of ten feet. Some of the
highway bridges, which are now only
a foot or two above ordinary water,
v. 9re once so high above the creeks
trat a man on horseback could ride
beneath them.
"A farmer in Pickens county stat?
ed that on his farm of 900 acres, the
best crops were formerly raised on
the bottom lands, which occupied ap?
proximately 110 acres. Nothing can
nc w be raised on this area. Much of
the land at the head waters of the
creek flowing through his farm was
cleared between 1865 and 1876, and
the filling up of the creek began at
that time. This is only one of many
Instances which might be cited.
"There is no doubt of the fact that
the terracing of the hillside fields has
hud a favorable Influence on the
stream flow, as well as on the reten?
tion of the soil In the fields them?
selves. The testimony of all settlers
kms very convincing on this point, and
observation of the eroded condition of
the few unterraced flellds still to be
seen corroborated it.
"It is to be hoped that the time is
not far distant when the remaining
forests on the mountanous lands o!
south Carolina will be placed beyonl
the possibility of destruction, or un
s/ise exploitation, for the benefit, not
inly of this generation, but of those
to come."
?Lame back comes on suddenly and
Is extremely painful. It is caused by
rheumatism of the muscles. Quick re?
lief Is afforded by applying Chamber
loin's Liniment. Sold by W. W. Sl
bort.
Albuquerque, N. M., Nov. 7.?Wil?
li im W? Robinson, editor of the Ros
well Register-Tribune, today an?
nounced that he would decline the
governorship of New Mexico, recent?
ly offered him. The resignation of
Governor George Curry is effective
next February. Mr. Robinson said
that be would rather stay In the
newspaper business than hold any
oifice.
?When a eold becomes settled in the
system, It will take several days' treat?
ment to cure It. and the best remedy
to use is Chamberlain's Cough Item
? Iv. It will cure quicker than any
other, and also leaves the system in a
natural and healthy condition. Sold
by W. W. Sibert.
0
STATE FAIR FOR SUMTE?.
cgroes?Decide to Hold Their State
Fair in This City Next Year.
Batesburg, Nov. 10.?President
Richard Carroll finds it not feasible to
continue his State Negro Fair in
Batesburg, but the white people here
have been so good to him and the at?
tendance so good that he and his
lieutenants refuse to yield entirely to
the clamor for a more central loca?
tion, so Batesburg is to continue as
an annual district fair centre for eight
counties hereabouts, while the State
Fair, proper, is to be held in Sumter.
These will really be rival State Fairs
although Carroll will continue at the
head of both.
It would have greatly surprised
those Northern sympathizers with the
negro as to how he is abused by
Southern whites to witness the meet?
ing of whites and blacks in the big
tent here last night to hear the ne?
gro speakers testify to the good treat?
ment the blacks get here, how gen?
erous and kind Batesburg people,
especially, have been toward this en?
terprise, to watch the white half of
the audience insist on one of the negro
speakers continuing when his time
was up, to see both whites and black
mingling in the centre aisle on their
way to lay money on the collection
tsble, to hear the sound advice Car?
roll, Baylor, White and others gave
to the negroes, to hear whites and
blacks together cheering negro speak?
ers.
The exhibits In all departments are
a l Improvement over last year and
the attendance Is quite as good as at
Columbia. Finte crowds are coming
in today and the negroes are thor?
oughly enjoying themselves. Today
a ad especially tomorrow are to be the
two big days. This is just like the
white State -Fair has been for forty
y?ars, the biggest and best attended
of them all.
ATLANTA AUTO RACES.
Races Tuesday Were Exciting But
Without Serious Mishap.
Atlanta. Nov. 10.?The Atlanta
track is the mecca of all true and loy?
al autoists. Yesterday's races were
run without mishap, excepting Still
man, driving a Harmon car, ran into
the inner gutter of the track. He and
his driver escaped with a few slight
bruises.
To America belongs the honor of
the 200 mile Stock Chassis race. Louis
Chevrolet driving a Bulck won, av?
eraging 72 miles and hour. 'Listed as
also ran were the following cars:
(Foreign:)
Car. Driver.
Renault, Basle.
Ranler, Marmon.
Renault, Cllquot.
(American:)
Car. Driver.
National, Alken.
National, Kincald.
Following is list of races and en?
tries:
One mile, time trial?First, Flat
(Strang), 37.7; second, Benz, (Old
lleld), 40:13; third, Chirstie (Chris?
tie), 43:82; fourth, Stearns (Ruther?
ford), 50:85.
Ten-mile stock chassis, 451 to 600
cubic inches?First National (Aiken),
*:27:22; second, National (Kincald),
f.:27:71; third, Apperson (Harding),
i: 5 0:65. Also ran?Renault. Fiat
Stearns.
Ten-mile race for light cars?First,
Chalmers-Detroit (Matson), 9:49:46;
second, Chalmers-Detroit (Knipper),
fc:49:84; third, Bulck (Nelson), 9:58
18. Alos ran?White gasoline, Ful?
ler.
Ten-mile, free-for-all, handicap?
First, Marmon (Stlllman), 8:54:96;
second, Marmon (Harroun), 8:55;
third, National (Alken), 9:12:41. Also
ran?Renault, Ranler, Knox.
Two-mile, free-for-all?First, Fiat
(Strang), 1:31:63; second, Benz (Old
field), 1:37:18; third, National (Aik?
en), 1:43:72. Also ran?Christie.
Two hundred mile stock chassis
race?First, Bulck (Chevrolet), 2:
46:48; second, Chalmers-Detroit
t'Dlngley) 2:53:33; third, Chalmers
Detroit (Lorimer), 2:55:15. Also ran
?Rnault (Base), Ranler (Mar?
mon), Renault (Cliquot), National
(Alken), National (Klncaid).
?Croup is most prevalent during^the
dry cold weather of the earlji waiter
months. Parents of young children
should be prepared for It. All that It
needed Is a bottle of Chambeiflaln's
Cough Remedy. Many mothers are
never without It In their homes and It
has never disappointed them. Sold by
W. W. Slbert.
Rev. H. A. Whitman, editor of The
Farmers' Union Sun, has been ap?
pointed to take charge temporarily
of the library of the State Supreme
Court. The appointment was unsoli?
cited by Mr. Whitman, and he has not
applied for the permanent appoint?
ment, although he says that he would
be pleased to receive It.
?The old. old story, told times with?
out number, and repeated over and
over again for the last 36 years, but
It is always a welcome story to those
In search of health?There Is nothing
In the world that cures coughs and
colds as quickly as Chamberlaln'8
Cough Remedy. Sold by W. W. Sl?
bert.
AMAZED AT THE SOUTH.
Thought We Were a Lazy. Go-Easy
People With Cotton.
Cecil Grenfell. of London, reprc- |
senting the English Rothschilds, who
have lately made large investments
in iron and steel interests in the
South, in an interview with the Birm?
ingham correspondent of the Manu?
facturers' Record, says:
"I am astonished beyond words to
express. I have often heard of the
South, but have never been amnng
you before. I had formed an idea that
you had plenty of cotton and were a
kind of lazy, go-easy people, with not
much energy. This trip has been a
regular 'eye-opener' to me and oth?
ers of the party who have not visited
your section before. I have visited
California and Canada, but have nev?
er seen anything to equal the great
development that is going on in the
South. I have had an exceedingly
fine trip. I want to add that I have
neevr seen anything to equal the ar?
tistic marble decorations in your
beautiful Empire building. I have
seen many handsome structures, but
none with finer marble decorations?
and they tell me that you dug it right
out of the hills of Alabama."
BI RX BEHIND IRON BARS.
Eight Workers in Comb Factory in
Brook yn Perish by Fire.
New York, November 8.?Iron bar?
red windows prevented the escape
from death by fire of eight workers
in Robert Morrison & Sons comb fac?
tory in Brooklyn today, and five other
men probably were fatally injured in
making their escape from the build?
ing. Wm Morrison, son of the owner
of the plant, lost his life in the flames
while trying to reach the safe and
close its doors. His father was among
the injured.
Luckily there were only forty em?
ployees in the factory when the fire
started for the spread of the flames
was rapid in the inflammable comb
material. Many men jumped from the
third floor windows and were injured.
Those who rushed to the rear found
the windows barred and there met
their doom. Nearly all of the victims
were Italians.
Mrs. Agnes J. Connell, the only wo?
man in this country who has papers
permitting her to navigate a steamer
of any class in any ocean will soon be
seen in these waters, navigating the
steamer J. L. Luckenbach from New
Orleans. She is known all ever the
world, for a steamer is her only home,
and she has sailed everywhere with
her husband, Capt William J Con?
nell. She was born in the Thousand
islands, and grew up with the youth
whom she later married. For a while
she stayed at home while he made
voyages, but she soon tired of that
and for the past twenty-two years she
has sailed with him. As a result of
her knowledge and experience in sea?
manship. Mrs. Connell received her
sailing master's certificate from the
port of San Francisco in 1901. Siie is
an accredited pilot for the Great
Lakes and the St. Lawrence river,
and also holds a government license
entitling her to navigate any kind of
craft in any waters. At any time sha
can relieve her husband, if necessary,
handling the big 5,400-ton steamer
with case. On one occasb n she ran
into a spell of rough weather accom?
panied by an almost impenetrable fog.
After the captain had spent three
days and two nights on the bridge
without sleep she forced him to go be?
low and brought the ship into port
herself.
CASTOR l A
For Infants and Children.
The Kind You Have Always bought
Said the Old Mod to
The Boy
??The CVito Watch that has given perma?
nent satisfaction to YOUR father, to MY
father, YOU and ME, is
THE HOWARD
The Watch De Luxe."
Why not be able to say the same to Your
Grandson?
lot Us Tell You About IIOWARM
W. A. Thompson
Jeweler and Optician.
Phone 333. 6 S. Main St.
Ii
ALCOHOL 3 PER CENT.
AVegctaWcPrcparationfor^
similal?igtheFoodaiKjRegula
ting the Siomachs and??welsof
Infants /Children
Promotes Digpstion?h*^
ne ss and Rest.Co Mains neither
Opium Morphine norMiQeraL
Not Narcotic.
ftmpkia Smdm
Jlx Smmt *
JbcbHlcSdts
jtruseSted *
flHMPBf'
?iiarhonokSsJa*
HimSked
Aperfect Remedy forConsfipa
tion, Sour Stoinach.DlarrtMei
WornisjC(nTvulsioiis.Feverish
ness and Loss OF SLEEP.
FacSimHe Signature of ,
NEW YORK? I
GAST01IA
For Infants and Children.
The Kind You Have
Always Bought
Bears the
Signature
of
t Atb months old
35D0SES -scents
$52q Guaranteed under the Foodj
Exact Copy of Wrapper.
In
Use
For Over
Thirty Years
CASTORI
tmc ccntaub iomhnv, new vom City.
Birnie's Drug Store,
5 W. Liberty St.
?t_
sumter, S. C.
-Dealer In
Pure Drugs and Medicines,
CHOICE PERFUMES fAND FINE
TOILET ARTICLES, COMBS AN1;
BRUSHES, PATENT MEDICINES
AND DRUGGISTS' SUNDRIES. A
FULL LINE OF CIGARS AND
TOBACCO. :: :: :: :: ::
OUR MOTTO: PURE AND RELIABLE GOODS.
11
Our stock is complete
and we cheerfully solicit
your patronage. :: :: ::
THE GROWTH OF OUR LUMBER
BUSINESS
has heen something phenomenal,and
is due to strict adherence to sound
business principles. Always provid?
ing full measures and the highest
qualities of well-seasoned lumber, we
have succeeded in retaining all of
our old customers, and in attracting
new ones all the time. For reliable
lumber at fair prices and prompt de?
liveries, come to us.
The Sumter Door, Sash & Blind Factor),
J. W. McKeiver, - - Proprietor
*z*t The Farmers' Bank & Trust Go. "a*
What - ' to hay
Satisfaction with one's efforts put the brakes on progress.
There is a future ahead of the fellow who is sorry when the
whistle blows.
The Farmers' Bank and Trust Company is continually reaching
out for new business, and Is getting it. If you are not a patron
we invite you to become one*
C. G. ROWLAND, Pres. R. l EDMUNDS, Cashier. GUY L. WARREN, Teller.
A, S, MERRIMAN, Bookkeeper. H. l McCOY. Asst. Bookkeeper.
Seed Oats,
Appier aud Red Rust Proof.
Seed Wheat
Smooth and Bearded Varieties
Seed Rye and Barley.
-Grain Pasture Mixture
Composed of Winter Turf Oats, Wheat, Rye, Barley
and Vetch. The best winter Horse, Cow and Hog
Pasture you can possibly plant. :: :: ::
THERE WILL BE A ROLLER FLOUR MILL IN SUMTER BY JAN. 1910,
y Jjr Stock Co.,
BEST LIVERY IN SUMTER.
SUMTER, S C.