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?bt (Mattbman ai? ^outbtoit. Published Wednesday and Saturday. ?BT? OSTEEN PUBLISHING COMPANY bl'MTKU, 8. C. , Terms: 91.1? psr annum?In advance. I ?? Ad t rrUaeinent*: Om Square first Insertion.91.00 Bvery subsequent Insertion.60 Contracts fer three months, or longer will be made at reduced rates. All communications which sub? serve private Interests will be charged fer as advertisements. Obituaries and tributes of respeut srtU be charged for. The Humter Watchman was found? ed In 1910 end the True Southron In 1999. The Watchman snd Southron low has the combined circulation and Influence cf both of the old papers oad is manifestly the best advertising medium In Sumter. RQUMANIA HOLDS BALANCE. MOBILIZING AKMY?M\Y r1K> tU:i) AOAINST Dl IX. A It IA It si RVIA Is IHST1 D IN (ONHKT. Tlireatens to lu\ad?* Territory of Bul? garia In Cast* Scrvla Is In Danger of Heing ?ivcrwIa hiM-d-? Mllltury New of Varying liii|Mirl. London. July Tbc invasion ol Bulgaria by the Roumanian army, whose mobilisation will Im- completed this week, will begin forthwith, ac cording to Knuniunm diplomats b> r ?. If In the mennwhib- the reports of the hostilities appear to be going against Servla. It is asserted that the sole objc' 1 - f Ki.iimania is to Insure against an:, disturbance ,,f the balance of the p..wer 11, the Halkana being de? trimental to her as it would be in the event of Bulgaria's be< orning too pow? erful. Should the Servians be vie tori.-us in the war Koumanla is pre? pared to intervene on the side of Bul? garia with the sum? object In view. At the same time koumauia is StWOyi shaping her gcjOjfgej to secure her OWfl future safety \>\ the oeeupatlon of What she considers an adequate strat egieal frontier??ainely. the line from Turtukal on the l?anube t.. I altchik on the Mfick sen. Out id the welter of conflicting th'tlehls it to) atom - to sin the truth. I 'l I 1 * as sj ? k4 lonlght. a di 1 . 1 ? ily Tele-< grapg 'sup. dat- J ed Tuesdav night, reporting that there bad uardly been any lighting m the last few days while Belgrade dis? patches reported further Servian vn - There seems to bfl little doubt that Oen. Ivanoff's armv Is steadily retir? ing before the -,'ctnrious Creeks and It Is reported that the Dulguriaus have evacuated and hede sgstch Whether there Is any truth In Vienna weports tn.t Dulgariu has ap? plied to the BjeSeeeS to arrange peaee is not known hot it would appear imt unlikely, sin. e clear!] thngs are not going well with the Itulgarinns and the outbreak of tholOfl at many points In MM Held. ?..mbined with the exhaustion ..f the .unites h\ the ti? r? .? neas of the struggle. Is calculated to render some stich solution welcome to the combatants. This Is especially so beer;- ef the uncertainty of the policy of Koumanla. The probb-ni of dealing with tin dead and wounded .? proving very sc. rlou* The nursing r sources In Del grade art? woefully insuttlcient. It is slated that the Servians have permit? ted a pau*e In Ihe operations to al? low removal of wounded and inter? ment of dead ami tarrying out of sanitary measures. The Creek government has made urgent representations to the Kuto peun governments against massa? res and atroeltl.s alleged to have been committed by the Hulgari ui troops and Irregulars, deelarmg that In the event of def. ns. |. ss Cre?k popula? tions Iwing left to Ihelr fate. QfoOOfl Will he obliged to take \ igon.tH 1SOS gSJSja to put and end to Dulgarian at trocltles. A Cr*?ek oftb lal sliil.'in. nt BjSOOfl that Instead of It.tlOll a i alleged b> Dulgarla. 000 lvain.lt s aim;. SOH sisted of I-Ml,DUO men CHI I Ks I \hl I'AHHKH. i Inlin to lliur U011 Vh'BSJJ <?\cr Dul gars. Athens, July t.?An official bulletin Issued tonight says the Creeks on Tuesd.iv attacked the mountain passe. towards smimit/.i The Bukjnrtnns rshnfscrii. perhngs hreea latin, offered vigorous resistance but were steodllj driven ba? k Tb?? Oroeha .>nn4ed some nf Ihe passes, but the fighting was stopped gfl dark" S^ with the egfjOetOtloO that II would ???? resumed Wednesdiv La i..r i.uibtins goelnred ihe Bnlgnrtnne are la headlong flight through the go files, the Heeks having made a night fmntal ?Xlu- k 00 Miuiiut/n. forcing Um Bulgarians to abandon their po? ?ItlOM with heavy losses. Private dispatches repori ths svacu? stion of Kavata i>y ths Bulgarians III Lt.Alts ( LAIM GAINS. semi-t initial Reports Tell of Hncceas? es. Sofia, July I,?Semi-official report! today represent ths Bulgarians as successful throughout the fighting line, ah ths Servian attacks from Sultsntsps t<> Patarltsa, according t.> Ihest reports, were repulssd, the Ser? vians suffering enormous losses ami being pursued by Ins Bulgarians a battle is in progress near Kot? caans snd I he Servians are retiring. The Greek attacks north of Dolran have been repulsed with great loss ami on the right bank of the river Struma the Greeks are operating ? e.ikly. To gJCTTLE QUESTION. - Ittilgurian Delegate is Given Ple? nary Powers. Oonatantlnopls, July 9.? The reply of Bulgarin to the request of the sublime potte, agreeing to evacuate ths Marmora coast, intimates that the1 l'.ulgarian delegate, M. Natdmvitch, ex-foreign minister who arrived at T' hatalja today, is empowered to ; negotiate a settlement of the Marmora question. Me anwhile the ports has de termlned Immediately to proceed with the militar ? occupation of all the ter? ritory UP to the Hrms-Midla line, in SjOOOffdsnOS with the peace protocol signed at T^ondon. The military pre parations forcibly reminded OhS of the state of affairs last autum. takf. town of SERES. Greeks Said to Have Driven Out Bul? garians. Belgrade, Servia, July |,?The town of Seres, a 1.out 4? miles to the north? east of Saloniki, was captured today from the Bulgarians hy the Greek army, according to official dispatches received here. The Greek fleet Is reported to he bombarding the .seaport of Kavala on the Aegean sea, now in the hands of the Bulgarians. CRISIS WILL BE GRAVE. f.vcntM In Balkans Taking on New Aspoeti Colonge, Germany. July 9.?Nobody acquainted with conditions in the Bal? kans car* doubt that Bttfops will he confronted shortly with events of the utmost Importance affecting the polit? ical and military relations of Austria Hungury and Kussia, according to the BoBa correspondent of the Cologne Ga/ette. He telegraphs that the quar? rel between Bulgaria aid Koumania hal entered a new phase and that KiuK Ferdinand of Bulgaria Is to be punished for lack of subservience to the wishes of Kussia. Ill I.GAIUA Ft IK PEACE, vald i?* Have Rgprensjd] Wish for Rad. Vienna. Austria. July 9.- The Bul? gariao government is reported to have sent a circular to the European powers expressing Us readiness to negotiate tor peace. The Bulgarian and Servian eom mandeis-in-chief are stated her?' |0 he already negotiating an armistice, as the losses of both armies In killed and Wounded are BO immense and It is feared that the epidemic of cholera which has broken out isaong the t.ps may ?et beyond oiitrol. BUK K IBISH IBlMi: RULE i oi d l.unsd.muc will Ask that Bill Go to Court First. London. July 9.- -a new Unionist at? tempt to place a further obstacle iu the way of the enactment of the home rule bill for Ireland was an nesssjosd In the house ?if lords this afternoon by the MnrqUlS of Bans downs, Unionist leader. When the bill Is submitted to the Bords for second reading on Monday Lord Lansdownc uill move "that this house declines to proceed until it has been submitted to I he judgment of the < Min i." The Unionists believe they have dis covered s Haw In the Parliament Act, which provides for the passage of I.ill-; over the heads of the peers with? in a specified period, Their eon ten* tlon is that if the Mouse of Lords post pomd dealing with the Irish home idle bill h\ an adjoin mm id to a date beyond the nie of tin present Pari la men! I he Liberal Government will be powerless to force through its Icgtshi I son because tin- Parliament Aci overlooks the possibility o| the Uppel House giving Itself ? prolonged va? ration ami going on a virtual strike against legislation. it seems prod ibh- that the Marquis of Bansdowne s motion is a prellmlnari to t ok ins of ISSf su< h st< p. The Ring of all La satire* Pot ronstipatloni hendachen Indl gestpm and dyspepsia, use |>r Kim; ? New Bite Bills Caul Mathulka. u Buffalo. N v. says they are th< "King of all laxatives They ate ; m ? |ni i n ail ui v f am Hy ami I n i wavs keep I bol at home" (Jet box and gl i S ell Bi |< e :' Kecom . mendi d h) > "i" ill uggl l? -Adt t Sumter's City Manager Plan After a Year's Trial the South Carolina Municipality' "Controlled Executive" Operation is Pronounced Success?Some of the Underlying Reasons. (By a. G, Waterman, Managing Sec? retary Chamber of Commerce.) Editor's Note: sumter, with ai?out 10,000 population and ten railroad radiations, is an old community, lull ol Revolutionary stock, it in - a town without fact lone." It voted in 1912 on two commission lot ins. One was a commission of three with reasonable salaries and divided responsibility; the other a commission of three with only nominal pay to act as a unit at all times and to employ a City mana? ger, who should be the working execu? tive head of the city, the personal representative of the commission, re? sponsible to the commission for acts of omission or commission by all sub? ordinate employees. The latter plan was adopted overwhelmingly and Malcolm M. Worthington, a young OOnStrUCtlon engineer employed by a railroad, was selected as city manager. ; He took charge on January 7, of this year. The "controlled executive.'' plan of city government is a success at Sum ter. This is a broad .statement, hut it la .instilled by facts so unromantic that their strength is till net. The conclusion la reoohed by cold, business reasoning. Sumter Is abb' to record as achievements in city government things that might be evidences of only commonplace efficiency In private bus? iness. Hut efficiency was the end 'ought, and must he the criterion. This being true, approximate efficiency is success. A city administration with plenty of money might appeal to public opti? mism by glamour, i lur city commis? sion of three members, a unit with un? divided powers and responsibility, was not so circumstanced. There was no surplus, and the revenues gave no promise of any. I tout what might naturally he sup? posed to be the personal viewpoint of any of the commissioners at the time, tin- only "lucky" condition confront? ing them was Sumter's traditional lack of factionalism. The task ahead look? ed like a rather severe test ol both the new system and the three strong pro? ponents who had later been elected to the commission. It is a fact ol some' importance that one of them waeVriayor, another a councilman, and the third had been a councilman, un? der the form of government which all three helped by voice and vote to regu-, late. Pending the selection of a city man? ager from among more than seven BCOre applicants, tin- commission had to select a Chief of police to succeed an excellent officer w ho had been elect? ed sheriff. The fust choice was a man of high social standing, a Citisen of tine personal repute. He accepted at the coal of personal loss and Incon? venience, because he had been B strong advocate of the system adopted by the voters. ' Without disparagement to I?is pre? decessor, the force has .show n an Im? provement In that combination of j qualities known as morale. If it be attributed to the personality of the Chief, the credit may still be rightly accorded the system under which Mr. Sumter accepted the office. The commission realised the need of Improvements at the municipal water plant. When Manager Worthington reported, they turned the problem over to him. Greater capacity was needed. It involved linde power and enlargement. This meant expense The manager found that transforms linn into an electric pumping plant of greater capacity would not cost more than enlargement and renovation of the steam power plant. Tin- city hud been paying M.000 q year for coal for the plant, Negotia? tions resulted promptly in a five-year contract with the privately owned electric plant for water station power at l 3 i cents per k, w. h., maximum i barge for any one year $-',?'?'?*>. The highest possible cost for power fur Increased capacity would there tore be $itou a year under the old cost of coal for less i apactty. with? out at all considering the Indeter? minate value of better service and greater earning capacity. Tin cart force of the works depart? ment was systematised, Drivers used to begin to hitch up at 7 a. m. The carts are now driven out ttt that hour liottl eitdS Of the dav have been silll daily regulated, The result Is $!*? more value per diem to tin- city with out Increasing the force or the bouts That means *'.n? a Week, Ol ft.i'.SO a year saved, II we allow nothing for hoi Idays added ? lft< lencj wort h 187 2 per < ent ot the manager's salary. t lue of Sumter.-; glories Ih her trees, Most ol tin au were seriously threaten ed bv mistletoe, The Davey tree ev peiis, employed by the t'ivi? League, composed of women, hail done as much a- 'he available funds permit ted, working thoroughly, but not cov? ering many squares. City forces were put to work clearing out mistletoe and dead or dying limbs and branch i es, and trimming generally. More than three miles of streets have thus been eared for. The last two miles have eost nothing. Thel'e Is always someone who will clear the streets of the debris for the debris itself, and the large branches are sold for enough to pay the wages of the men who do the trimming. Refuse grain feeds, scattered by the Stock ami trampled on, used to go in the trash. It is good as chicken feed. I It doesn't bring much, but the crumbs from the mules' meals now help to pay for their shoes. All bids for supplies are in whole and in part. Careful scrutiny of such bids when the last batch was opened permitted a saving, not of very many dollars, hid enough to constitute a business Interest on the total cost of the material bought. The system of accounting .Mid time keeping is being gradually revised, where desirable, to show distribution of expense and of results. This is particularly true of the works depart? ment! nnd already shows, with com? parative accuracy, the relativ?' cost of different sorts of work done in dif? ferent sections of the city. One re? sult is that every foreman does his best. All these things might, could, and should be done under any form of municipal government, lint, as a ruh-, they are not.. The men who are "running" Sumter today are men who led among those who formerly handl? ed her city affairs - same men; differ? ent system; better results. These men say the improvement is due to the better system, tin: greater sense of responsibility, for one thing, that (ach feels for everything that is done or left undone, that his time is not more heavily drawn on than when he served under the old form. The citizens generally have added faith in the plan they voted for last year; the commission, additional enthusiasm in the cause in which they were leaders The Sumter plan is not to be confus? ed with the Staunton plan. Under the Btaunton plan, there is a mayor ami the same old counc il, with widely scattered and only partial personal responsibility. It is true that they have delegated their executive author? ity to a city manager; but, they can not delegate their responsibility, not is their accountability any more read? ily determined by the fact that they delegate their executive powers to an employee. Under the Sumter plan, while the Commissioners, as a matter of con? venience, may and do divide the su? pervisory powers, they ate legally an i indivisible trinity In their responsibil? ity both for the policies they make for the city manager and for his conduct of affairs. Every department head is directly under and directly respon? sible to the city manager. In his daily contact with department heads and foremen he represents the whole commission and all the power of the c ity ( harter. Commensurate with this concentrated authority is his person? al responsibility to the Commissioner lor the character of work done by every employee under him. lie is in dependent of the individual citizen as human nature permits. Whether the Sumter plan will work as well elsewhere as here depends up? on the communities themselves. The quality of the citizenship of the aver? age citizen is. in the final analysis, the determining factor. The Sumter plan is good business, but it is not necessarily a panacea for factionalism, demagogery or plutocracy. Sumter has none of them, which Is one of the main reasons why her plan of govern? ment is a success at home.?Town l>e velopment. Calamlt) howler Willie Hearst en? dorses the mw currency lull. n should he critically examined before being passed.?Orangeburg Turns \ I democrat. SUMMER SCHOOL FOR COLORED TEACHERS. -. t The Summer School lot colored teachers in this county will be open od for a two weeks session in Sumter City at the Lincoln llruded school on Monday, Jul) 23, continuing till Krl* day. AugUHl s, t'.'l It ?.1 .'. A M Ueg 1 1st rat ion fee. two dollars in advance. Diligence credits wdl I.nsldered m all applications for renewal. l oi t ui tin t- particulars, ? all on oi I VV I lie to l u . .1 II. IIa) nsu oi t h, ?"<> Supl , oi Chun \ Lawson, Principal I Helps Along the Fun Take along an Ansco O.mera on your vacation trip and see how it brightens up things, and helps along the joyful spirit generally. We have a large stock of Ansco cameras and supplies and will take pleasure in showing you. Ansco films are richer in tone, cost no more, and fit other correspondly sized cameras. Call and see us. W. A. Thompson, I JEWELER AND OPTICIAN. SUMTER, SOUTH CAROLINA ????MW IIIMIIIIII IIIIII IIIIII II III llll IIIIHMIIIIIIIIW mmm 1905 1913 The Farmers' Bank & Trust Company Capital Stock, - - - $i 20,000 00 Surplus,. 77,000.00 Liability of Stockholders - - 120,000.00 Protection to Its Depositors, - S317,000.00 Interest 4 Per Cent on Savings 5 Per Cent on Certiticates Courteous Treatment io All. G. G. Rowland, Pres. Col. Tho9. Wilson,) Guy L. Warre i, Cashier. Isaac Schwartz, [ Vice Presdts. H. L. McCoy, Teller. Geo. D. Shore, ) Cheap Rates VIA Atlantic Coast Line <jj>^ *7? ^. J ISLE OF PALMS, S. C. tfl>^/0 IO I SULLIVAN'S ISLAND, S. C. $4.55 t0{ MYRTLE BEACH, S. C. Ticket! mid May SIM and on each Saturday to and Including September tilth, 1913, limited to reach Sumter returning prior to midnight Monday next following tlate of sale. AA ^ f WRIGHTSVILL BEACH, N. C. iJpD.UU tO I WILMINGTON, N. C. Tickets sold each Thursday?June 5Ui to and Including Septem, her Htll, 1913, limited to reach Sumter returning prior to mid? night i?f tin' second Monday following date of sale. Excursion Rates North and East- For any Informa? tion, address T. C. WHITE, 0. V. PLAYER, Gen. Pass. Ayt. Ticket Agent, Wilmington, N. C. Sumter, S. C. Carolina Special IIh'.Ii Clas* Kloctrici lly l.iyhted Train between CHARLESTON AND CINCINNATI -VIA Southern Railway PREMIER CARRIER OF THE SOUTH. x In connecting with U. N. ?. und T. P. Hallway ConslsUng ot Com? bined Itatgage *ud Kmoktng t nr. Klrst class roach. Cull man Drawing Knoia Sleeping Car, Pulluisu observation Hleepiiig fir und IMnlng Oar Her vice. Solid between Charleston ami Cincinnati an Lbe followlag eonven leu t seht dules : WES I BOUND N<> 27 I.v Charleston.0 w AM I.v Summervllle .Ml AM EASTBOUND NO. 18 I.v Cincinnati.b H) pm I.v Ashevdle 10 25 AM Lv Orsngeburg 11 17 AM Ar Spartaabufi- i a I'M Lv Columbia.IM PM Ar Columbia .i .u pm Lv Spsrtsnburg.1.1$ PM ArOraagebarg. k.lS pm Ar \ahevllle .7 to I'm Ar Sumsaarvtfis .mk: pm A' 'ncinnati. MSAM Ar Charleston .*M pm Connecting at lladanatl with through trains for ebtcagn. Cleve? land. Detroit, Seattle. St. Louis, Kansas e ity. I?enver, Sau I ian?"l?** o. and PolnlN w? st ami Northwest, I'oi farther Information call Southern Kail way Ticket ofhVe. 1?:. II. OOAPMAN, S. 11. IIARDWICK II. V. CAKY, V. P. and ?. If. P. T. M. Q. p. a. W. E. McGEE, W.II. CAFFEY, 6. 11. MefcBAM, A. ti. I?. A. I). 1?. A. |>. p. a. C olumbia, S. C. Charleston, S. C. Columbia, S. C. 4*** ' ??????????<>????????<????????????????#??????????? Wire Fence I > We buy dlr?MM frw mt'ie sled mills in rar loads for rauh with ?II < * discounts off, Ibis enables us p, sdl >ou at the lowest pi ices. which < ? we guarantee to do. < \ Booth-Harby Live Stock Co. i ! Sumter, - - - South Carolin* !