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SUNDAY EDITION. FACTS ABOUT THE SCOTTISH CROFTERS. The Evolution of the Crofter of To-Day From tho Brave High land Warrior. CLANSMEN WERE BRETHREN. The Clansmen's Love for Home, En vironment, Kindred and Chief— A ■'■ Disruption of tho Clan System. Tyranny Over the Croftsmen. Benefits Under the Crofters' Act. Reduction in Rent. iil'W Ercclal to Tut: Ststday Cali. -"^g^-^^^^j— «r—^■■qg qi • X~Z Z 7HURSO (Scotland), Sept. 29, Iyj [/ 11800. To the average American ': *— ( y—Hbe " crofter " has always been 1■ S f a dim legend of the isles and •'_• J I highlands of Scotland. Though '■•.A'.';"- l — __ the "crofter question " has for ■ over half a century been the " Irish ques tion " of Scotland, and has much to do iv effecting certain important land reforms in the kingdom, the " woes of poor Donald," though as sad and hopeless as those of the ' Irish peasant, have agitated Scotland ex ■ clusively rather than America largely, as in • •tlie latter case. Their remoteness have kept tliem lroni our universal ken, and to thai, degree that, while people of Scotch descent in the United States and Canada have beeu ■ keenly alive to measures for the crofters' relief, there are many ordinarily well-in ■-. formed Americans quite unable to tell you the real difference between a ctoft and a loft, or a crofter and a claymore. . ' Jamieson in ins "Scottish Dictionary" de fines croft-land as, "land of superior quality, • which was still cropped." Chambers Ency • remarkable like most encyclopedias, for deepening ignorance and intensifying •• longing for exact information, says a "croft is a piece of land connected with a humble kind of dwelling, whose inhabitant, the renter of the laud, is called a 'crofter.'" . '. Lord Colin Camph 11 asserts that the term "crofter" was unknown in the seventeenth '.' century, although in old tacks and leases of that period the word "croft" is of common . . occurrence. Ho further states that in the ••'lack,'" or temporary holding given by Sir ,' John Campbell of Uleuurchy to a "weil be ". lonit'.' servant. In 1330, besides the four mark i* land of Kincrakin there were "the croft of :. Polgreyieh and the croft that Ewin McEwin .• .'was wont to have." In the twelfth century . English characters in Latin, the word is • often used. In fact it is f.TJ^ySi AS/ANGLO-SAXON WORD .:" Meaning simply "a field." At the end of .- the eighteenth century the tenants of the v smallest Scotch divisions of land, ii distinc . tion from t -nants holding fr.mi live to '200 acres and upward, were first eai ed croft ._• er-— that is, acremen or crofters. In those ... : days the crofters had the same relation to '-• Highland tenants of the important class, who cultivated something like farms, as the " cotters of the present day do to Irish and ;.-• English small farmers, and the still smaller .'.' farmer or crofter of the Highlands ; and the 8 ottish crofter of to-day is simply that sur viving relic of tlie ancient Highlander, who, despite all efforts of the owner of great . • northern and western Highland estates to extirpate 1; iin, absolutely starves along • where the bones of his ancestors lie, on one ' hundredth as much land as, on the average, is devoted to the rearing and killing of oue red deer. • "Tlie evolution of the woebegone crofter of .'• .today from the olden matchlessly brave . : Highland warrior of the north and "west is, briefly, as follows : He was long ago an in fi tegral portion of the clan system. "Clan'" is a " ..Gaelic Word meaning ."child." The clans .': man was in the highest sense the child of his ••'chief. The clan system is the family sys '• tern on a larger scale. All clansmen were : biethreh in a common family and institu . tional preference for the purpose of recog • ■ nized heads and authority could not abolish equality in every oilier respect and particu lar.. The absolute loyalty to the chief to .'• • the limit of freely giving life in defense or aggression was tribute of fealty to family ana tribal relations lather than to the abso lutism of individual authority. Each : clansman had absolute and undeniable -.share in the territory occupied by the 'entire clan. If he paid tribute to the head .'-'. of the clan it could never have been in th. form of rent to an individual owner, . for temporary occupancy, It was practi •"-. cally a self-imposed and freely bestowed .■taxation for public purposes, common of fense, or defense, common betterment, the ;■■' common good. Under this system the .result was agricultural competency, pas '.'• toral simplicity and pleasure, and surpass ing military valor and virtues. The clansmen wove, their own cloth, forged their own tools and weapons, tilled their "'. own soil,', fed and grazed tlieir own sheep and .'■' cattle and possessed inalienable rights to their own home.- and the soil necessary '"'. .to sustain them. The clansman perforce :•' possessed habits of hardihood; his healthy .' life .of. the mountaineer made him strong •. and brave; the necessities of limitations • : gave him shrewd craft in all exigencies; doing everything with bis own hands he be .• came perfected in expedients rather than • the dwarfed, one-sided man resultant from : ; later-day infinite division of labor; aud i: th I-, when bis sad day of expatriation came, • 'these Scottish Highlanders gave TO THE USITED STATES, •' To Canada and to Australia the most -. ' grandly self-snstaining colonists they ever ...; knew. . Indeed, his many splendid charac • ■ teristics proved liis own ruin in Scotland. . No meu living, barring i erhaps his no less unfortunate brethren, the Irish Celts, never displayed such consummate love of — home environment, kindred and chief. His : "" ben-, lochs, straths aud glens provided an ". -all-consuming nature-worship; his ancestry ... ami the traditions of his lineage became his .' 'exultantly sung epics; his chief and the -.: dt;e Is of Ills chin were adored, with almost the passion of idolatry. His devotion tv the '•flu arts, from Cromwell's time to " Bonnie :'; 1 -luce Charlie," was sublime in its desper ':.• ale loyalty, and furnished some of the most ■ thrilling paces in history. Hut being too • Tar from Edinburgh, London and I'aris to ■ "know the political time of day," he always fought for a lost cause. Naturally little uiery was shown him or his more dan gerous chiefs. You can to-diy still see '.' the- tremendous walls of Fort William, Fort '• _. Augustus, Fort George and King's House, .-. .the trans-Grampian furies established after -.• Hie first rebellion of 1715, -to awe him into ■ fctibmission, their English names breaking . . .Ids spirit greater than lhe men and armament •-: they loused. Then, after Cutlouen, when : '.- all hopes were blasted in the utter ruin , of the House of Stuart, came the disarming ..' act, depriving him of the right to bear anus, •.essential in hi, eyes to manhood; and, im mediately on the heels of this, followed that '• ■ most bemoaning of all Highland humilia ■'.':. tions, the interdict against his beloved kilt :■ and tartan, wiiich for years made him skulk : -.liil hide in bis mountain home, a pitiful ob ;_• ject of contumely and disgrace. '■'■■ '■■ The downfall of the Stuarts Caused a com -•;• '•» !/••.(• disruption of the clan system. Then -.'.followed' the abolition of heritable juris -•'. diction. The lower of the chief s, good or V bad, was transferred to lawyer adventurers •■..s« nt into the north from Glasgow or Edin '■': •.biirgh. • The Highlanders began to loathe :;. ■ their own country and the chiefs; lost all mi : vterest in the welfare of their people. 1m ... p'ortant emigration .resulted, lessening •.../products- and' revenues. Many great clan territories changed hands. New landlords oi: dispirited and bankrupt former chiefs be '• gan to look upon the Higliland peasantry .. .-simply as chattels to be bought and sold as %i\i._ slaves. Then in the latter part of the J last aid the first uartof the present century, • as the' proprietors of estates, abandoning all V. mercy to a people with inherent rights in the "'. foil from which they sprang, and taking . .refuge under the absolutism vested in the ... [powers granted under the old Scottish feudal ■ laws, which, by successive encroachments, ; had transformed the original authority of .suzerain into absolute private ownership, . innie the barbarous "clearances" or •"•.'. ■■ FOIICI BLE EVICTIONS : '.' '.. Of Glen Bessary, Clanranald and Glengarry. '■; -(■■id-lowing this, and continuing from lUO7 to :.'- 1829, were perpetrated the atrocious Sutner . land' Clearances. The: most of the entire ■_ Shire of Sutherland then belonged and still belongs to tiie noble house of Sutherland : find Stafford, related by intermarriage. The then living representative of these noble families conceived the idea that sheep were . more profitable than Highlanders. 'I hat was ■ • before British sportsmen let the Highland la'dloids that deer ad grouse could ; be made more profitable than either. Hut in the period named practically the entire •':. shire, one of the largest in Scotland, and comprising an area ol nearly 2,000,000 acres. • Wft-I depopulated. The helpless ,iaiu ' ■- Seta were driven from their own In mes, and these leveled to: the ground by •, fire. Hundred! perished from fright, ex posure aud brutal . 'treatment. Those who had the means of flight, or whose friends iv Canada or the States could fur nish them the same, emigrated to America. The remainder were huddled in vile cabins along the seashore, and ' forced to escape actual starvation by gathering kelp and mus sels, this poor shift being finally denied them, or in braving the dangers of the sea In fishing, a mode of life to which tliey were as much a stranger as your own tenderly cared-for child. There is not to be found in all history a more scandalous page of in genious and supreme human cruelty. And yet it was set down by economic writers of the timo as a great benefit to society at large, in it cost the noble houses of Slither laud-Stafford over 51,000,000. ami in the un biased history of Scottish and English gazeteers and encyclopedias as ' a notable improvement of the Highlands. L . , The same kind of "improvements inter mittently remained in vogue, though on a lesser scale, under sanction of those old Scottish land laws up to a very recent date, in Banff, Elgin, Nairn, Inverness, Caithness, Koss and Argyll shires and in the Hebrides. If a landlord wished to transform liis great holdings into sheep-walks or game pre serves it was soon bruited about that the dis trict was " congested." Then crofters were cleared out entirely or summarily removed to wretched patches of uncultivated land, to be gin anew a life of starvation under increased penalties of rental burdens and environ ment. Aside from these heartless cruel ties it seems as though the most devilish in genuities in extortions and humiliations were also imposed: After the new ciolt was improved, at tlie termination of the usual nineteen-year flense, additional rental was demanded. If not paid the cioft was rack rented, or leased to a new tenant. The terrified crofter, rather than become home less, attempted the new burden, struggled along under increasing arrears, and was finally evicted, securing no compensation whatever loi his impiovements. If ho en tered the presence of the factor or agent with his bat on. his hands in his pockets, or left the door open lie was fined. THE i;i:sr OF ]-:vt-:i;v TENANT On an estate has been raised because the first tenant calling with his money was a few moments late. Sons on attaining tin ir majority could oniy remain upon the estate ou the written consent of the proprietor. Crofters were liable to prosecution for using any road or foot-path not prescribed by the proprietor. An entire page of this paper might be filled with a truthful recount of similar tyrannies and grievances. But or ganized agitation in behalf of the crofter, similar to that adopted by the Laud League fur Ireland, at last secured the concession of a royal commission of inquiry into the con dition of the Highlands. Although, from the lear of reprisals by landlords and factors, not one-half the "wrongs of these people were made known, a condition of things was brought to light which shocked the country, It must also be borne in mind that the constitution of that commission was es sentially conservative. Hut these disclosures had a "salutary effect, Iv 1880 Parliament passed what is popularly kuown as " The Crofters' Act." This fixes, by a royal com mission whose members travel from point to point, receiving evidence and making adju dications, what are called "fair rents," to whicii both proprietor and crofter-tenant are bound, iv all cases of crofters paying an annual rental i f £30 or less. The commis sion lias also power to deal with arrears. The terrible odds against which these helpless people for more than a century fought for mere existence is clearly shown by the outcome of the annual proceedings of this Crofters' Commission. In July of tho present year on the estate cf Keiss, near Wick, the crofters secured an average re- i duction of .14 per cent, while 76 per cent of their arrears were canceled. In the island of Stroma, lying in the l'entlaiid Filth, op posite John o' Groat's house, the same re duction and cancellation were made. On one estate iv Caithness rent reductions have been as great as -0 per cent, while 90 per cent of arrears have been canceled, Perhaps one-half of the entire territory of the northern and west ern Highlands has been already adjudi cated upon by the commission. On an average "fair rents" have been established ata reduction of 40 per cent. Tho infamous iniquity and injustice of former years have been illustrated and partially atoned for by the commission in an absolute cancellation of more than one-fourth nf existing arrears, and a reduction or cancellation of fully 75 per cent of the remainder, A far greater good has also been accomplished. Under the Crofter's Act, "Poor Donald" is to-day pretty nearly a free man. Under the old conditions he could never pay bis rent. "It was not expected lie would," a factor confided to me. "He was more manageable when you could hiut oi a notice and removal." In other words, land lords, while certainly rapacious for TnE last farthing That could be pinched out of the crofter, in cold blood actually calculated upon a certain percentage of arrears piling up against the terrified crofter, so that all slavish com mands were quickly assented to and addi tional burdens were imposed without pro test. Outrages under this form of duress were countless. Hut under the Crcfter's Act the crofter is absolutely independent of proprietor or factor as long as be pays the "fair lent" fixed by the commission. lie may vote as be pleases, pay his rent with his hat on, his children may remain at home, or even marry, without the proprietor's writ ten consent, and, marvel of land-law prog ress, he may worship at the Established, the Free, or at a Catholic Church, without the vengeance of a bigot master overtaking him. All this, in degree, is hopeful and good. But I fear help has come to the crofters too late. They possess many of the noblest characteristics ot the noble Scotch race. Their home-life, of wiiich I shall speak in the next article, ana their social better ment, barely possible under new although wholly inadequate, conditions, would seem to give no good ground for encouragement. There are too few of them. Those who re main are huddled by proprietors into crofter settlements and there restricted from the full developments their kindly instincts and ad mirable energies by miserably insufficient areas of laud. In brief, the landlord class practically extirpated the crofter class be fore they would permit the enactment of laws to prctict the latter. It was like . specific law against specific murder, after the killing. Over five-sixths of the entire area of the northern and western Scottish Highlands are now in sheep-walks or game preserves and principally the latter. I can take you across Scotland, through the Shires of Inverness and Ross, from Beauly to Strome, and you may climb every mountain peak between, without jour being abie to count two-score crofter tillers of the soil. A land has become desolate indeed when its roads and by-paths are transformed into paths fur deer and courses for hounds, and the blackened walls of once happy homes into lairs for foxes and wolves. m Ctijivrtylil. hi". 1.. 'Wakeman-. SIX MOUTHS MOKE. J. C. Green of the .Enterprise lias to Itemnlu in -lull. J. Charles Green, one of tho notorious Enterprise gang, made application yester day to the Supreme Court, on habeas corpus, for his release from the County Jail, but the court denied the request and dismissed the writ. Green was convicted on June 3. 1689. of libel, and was sentenced to six mouths' imprisonment. He served four days of the time and was then released on bail, pend ing a decision 011 appeal to the Superior Court. Before the appeal was decided he was aiso convicted in the Superior Court, on August 22. ISfcO. of conspiracy with Nellie U. de Garcia ami W. W. Knott, and was sen tenced to serve one year in the County Jail and pay a fine of §500. From this judgment he appealed to the Supreme Court, after serving one day, nnd on November 22, 1889, tlie appellate tribunal affirmed the decision of the Police Court whereby Green was sentenced for the libel, and he was put into the custody of Sheriff Lanmelster, where he has remained since. In March last the. Supreme Court affirmed the Judgment of the Super. or Court in the conspiracy case, as to the time, but declared the imposition of a fine void under the law. Green claimed, on habeas corpus, that having served one day of bis second sen tence lieforc his appeal from the first had been passed upon entitled it to precedence, and that his service of one year of continu ous imprisonment covered the entire time of the sentence. He also asked that it be ad judged that the sentence of six months on the first convlctiou/has expired in the serv ice of tno second sentence. Reception unit llatiqne*-. A reception was given by California Com maudery, No. 1, Knights Templar of San Francisco, on Friday evening to the com manderies of Oakland, Sun Jose, Vallejo and Golden Gate of San Francisco. Over 300 guests attended the banquet. Among those on the Reception Committee were: Sir Knight R. Beverly Cole, Eminent Com iii lab i ; .Sir Knight E. XV. ■ Illaiiev, Gener alissimo; Sir Knight XV. G. Winter, Cap tain-General; Sir Knight XV. ,1. Younger, Senior Warden; Sir Knight C. (J. Kenyon, Junior Warden, and many other officers of the California Commandery. I.liii for Sen-Den* \\ K--A. Henry Peterson, one 'of the Edward E. Webster's crew oil her recent voyage to Alaska, has filed a libel against the -ship for a balance ol 6123 alleged to have been due him for wages. He avers that alter shipping for the entire voyage Captain Matthew Turner .discharged him at Cole Harbor, Alaska, and only paid §.'.". Ud of tlio (148 (17 due him for the entire voyage. SMBB Str«nt lartil.' of '■ '■ -' rein. XX. ii. Cleveland's Colored Minstrel Com pany have arranged to give an illuminated street parade this evening^ starting from the Bush-street Theater at 8 o'clockfnid follow ing the route generally taken by all proces sions. THE MORNING CALL. SAN FRANCISCO.^SUNDAY. NOVEMBER 23, 1890-SIXTEEN PAGES. THE NOVEMBER BRIGHT GLEAMS. Skies Are Dull and Gray, But Frocks Make Sunshine. Picturesque Foal in the Park and at 'h. Horse Show— A Wedding Guest in Brown and Cream— Widow's Tea Babe. Special to The Sunday Call JtyTTEW YORK, Xov. 21.— The bare trees MiY.XV YORK, 21.— The drear No ■> and heavy clouds make a drear No- As*3 vember landscape, and the park is chill and melancholy, A hedge of flaming reddish gold chrysanthemums is the only cheerful thing in the prospect, and it warms the heart like wine. Down the driveway conies a moving brightness under the creak ing boughs, It is a dark woman who flashes toward oue in a great hood of reddish yellow satin. She leans back in her carriage and her face is framed in a thick frill of black lace that sun omuls it like a dusky halo. Her shoulders only half emerge from a fire of ruddy yellow and black that flickers up to her ears and b'azes away down over tlie carriage robe. The sparrows -stop ruffling their feathers, and the chipmunks turn their blue noses to watch her, for that Spanish hood and that great surge of satin and lace boa is almost warming. It's such an eye compelling fashion, at once picturesque and daring. -My neighbor at the horse show on the last evening of that brilliant spectacle was not a pretty damsel she had a low forehead, heavy lustreless hair and a swathy com plexion, but her intelligence was quick enough to wrest all possible advantages out of lhe situation. About her shoulders she had flung a long wool scarf woven in Kay Italian stripes of scarlet and cream. One end huns in Irout, her brown lingers play ing with its tangled fringe. The other she had wound across her throat, pinned with a barbaric boss of gold aud left to fall over " .Shoulders." her left arm. Her hair was coiled in a shadowy knot, its loose tings drooping In front even to her eyes. Not a human being looked at her but looked a second and a third time. They caught the gleam of gold beads at her neck and gold coins among her bangles. She didn't overdo the thing for she wore no earrings. On her head she had a loose twist of cream and scarlet with just a bint of gold fringe. 1 heard a woman call the idea clever; one could see the girl's escort think it fascinating. One of tiie guests at the wedding last week which transformed Miss Annie Hey ward Cutting into the Baroness de Vriere was a noticeable girl with brown hair, brown eyes, full pouting Ups and a strikingly pale com plexion. This ensemble was accentuated to a degree that was even startling by a brown cloth dress matching exactly the other browns, and edged with bands of owls' feathers of tha cream tint of her skin. A long owls' feather boa touched her neck and continued its hue. There were owls' wings on her brown hat, aud as she milked she was a moving study of cream and brown. A pretty little widow, who carries about her. like Hester Prynne, a scarlet letter, though visible only to the eyes of women with husbands and lovers and brothers — that letter being a great D, which stands for Dangerous— was dispensing tea yesterday afternoon in her own dainty drawing-room, with its mixed up Orientalism suggesting the boudoir of an experimentally iiielinea Arabian Nights princess who has a little of everything from every where fetched her on magic carpets and deposited promiscuously. She was clad in a tea gown of white anil green brocade, that was a Japanese poem in drapery, her graceful movements supplying the rhythm. A wide belt of silver embroi dery circled her waist, meeting in frout, crossing back beneath her arms and over the shoulder blades, coining to a sharp point in the neck behind. Below this strange gir dle the robe was plaited to the waist, but the skirt fell in unbroken folds. To drink tea in its company, with the smalluess of the widow coaxingly compelling sympathy and constraining one to say, "Poor little wuman 1" — seemed to be considered a perilously fascinating privilege. .. .Jc"""* An Original Walking Oaten. At Mr. Stanley's Brooklyn lecturo I sat .near a tall blonde young woman who was wise enough to wear velveteen. She had deep-set eyes of the sort that are made inno cent and childlike by black lashes, these contrasting effectively with tho golden red of her hair. The velveteen wns a pure uhite in color, exquisitely soft and rich in texture, of the kind that the English have long appreciated, but that one seldom sees here. A folded belt long enough to reach to the armpits confined the lnose-Ironted waist which was held at the throat by a pearl pin. The sleeves, higii on the shoulders, were laid in folds like the belt from the elbows down. Under the white hat, with its trim mings of white plumes, her pink aim wiiite skin was dazzling. At her belt she wore a pink r.se. There is now in New York the wife of an ex-I'resident of some far-away republic, who is said to bave molded with her own hands the bullets with which her husband made his fight for liberty. Perhaps it is be cause these palms are pretty as well as famous that she has revived the old fashion of a ribbon guard for a line diamond ring. At all -events the narrow velvet bands crossing the blue-veined beauty of the hand and bound about the wrist enhance its delicacy, as guests at a recent reception had abundant chance of observing. >•■ The hostess on the occasion alluded. to was a big, imposing woman, who wore a robe of dark blue camel's hair brocaded in blazing disks of gold as big as tie- rims of the tea cups she was passing. When she rose it fell magnificently away from a trail ing petticoat of gold-colored silk, and you _ j-^p^\f^^Efjft^^^Kn^^^^f£f*P^1^0~w^^^r^&^^f9tBtB^£p l^^^^^tA— zT^^^^^^^^^f^c^M^^^f -£r^^^B^^?t^^ THE MAUSOLEUM OF FREDERICK 111 IX THE CHURCH Or PEACE. POTSDAM. DEDICATED OCTOBER IS, 18W. ; - felt, if you did your duty in the matter, as if Kb wearer WOTS the harvest goddess, or she who sits hi the sun. : Miss Louise Sliepard was downtown shop ping a few : days - ego in quite an original walking gown, j The material was ■ °" gray cloth embroidered in bold scroll de signs in silver for the space of half a yard up from the hem, about which was a dark blue velvet band. The skirt was cut ap preciably longer behind than in front, hav ing in fact a very slight plaited train. Over the tailor bodice was-' worn a cape of gray velvet of a darker shade than . the gown. This cape had a ruche of gray ostrich feathers at the throat and was lined with dark bine satin. The special feature of this little wrap was the fact that it was held In place on the figure by velvet suspenders from the shoulders, theße meeting in poifis at the waist back and front and lastening to a belt with a sliver buckle. Miss Sliepard looked as if instead of a plain waist she were wearing under her cape a bodice trimmed with bretelies. There are Thanksgiving dances in pros pect, and for one of these I have seen two gowns. For a shy, delicate girl from out of town who is to be "managed," 1 fancy, much as Mr. McAllister relates having boomed the belledom of a young relative, theio is a frock of white dot strewn with forget-me-nots made of turquoise with sil ver leaves. The girl is not pretty, but the A Wedding Quest and Buried in Furs. pose of her head and neck looked at behind is charming. Tho story goes that a hair dresser has experimented with her locks for weeks, . aud that the proper height and Unfitness of coiffure has been considered— from behind— with painstaking. So, too, her dress has been studied devoutly as to the rear view of the shoulders, and the debutante's timidity is to produce its full effect as she retires to a corner by a window and turns li>t back on the gay company, looking at you sidewise. The other costume is a blush-rose crcpo w ith a thi. ruche at the bottom, over which tilt and balance here and there great black butterflies. The low bodice is edged with a narrower ruche doited with silver beads. There are sleeves of heavy rose-tinted bro cade reaching the elbows. These are slashed on the outside of the arms, laced with silver cords and continued to the wrists by null is of silver lace in a pattern of roses. The su perb brocade makes a princess train drawn back from the front aud edged at the sides with fringe. The woman who is most content with life is she who nestles in furs, her ears. just peeping over the edge of her huge collar. Somehow she looks out of place in n horse car or elevated train. The children in shab by clothes and the women Willi market baskets look nt her. and she leans back cosily and looks across at them, her mantle ef black moleskin velvet flaiiiiliug lis gold embroidery in very wantonness of luxury. This mantle lias high sleeves that aie cu riously embroidered and are niched at the wrists with feathers. Il has a great Valuis collar of gold-colored ostrich tips that curl about her tim at nnti curl down along the square tabs that nearly reach the lloor. Tho little toque 011 her bead is of gold and black velvet and her lingers play with a mass of golden chrysanthemums. Copyrighted. Ellen Osbohn. PRECIOUS STONES OF COMMERCE. ..■■ — ■-■-.. . Some of Those Tiiat Have a Great Commercial Value. There is a rock known as amygdaloid, 'one of the igneous rocks, whicii in some of the gigantic transformations of natuie, w« will say in cooling from a melted state,' formed within Itself cavities, from the size of a mar ble or bead to that of a closed hand. Now, us nature abhors a vacuum, she sets to work to fill these cavities, and in doing so she used other materials, and these combi nations prod tided some of what we call tho "precious stones of commerce." Exactly how this was done we cannot tell, but we see some hint of the operation in every sub terranean cave where stalactites uud stal agmites are fouud. Every student knows that this is the result ot dropping water whicii contains carbonate of lime. The water, evaporating, leaves a minute par ticle of lime, which takes something to itself from the earth or atmosphere, and in the course of ages bodies are formed of a most remarkable character. In probably somewhat the same fashion have these cavities been filled in the igneous rocks, and then comes time and StorniPand otber agen cies, earthquakes, perhaps, and the rjeks vie rent apart, and out drops ahead or a bowlder, and a curious man picks it up, and hammers and breaks it, and then he puts a polish on it uy Some process more or less ad vanced, aud lo! he holds iv his hand au agate or an oynx. Many of the stones used in the arts have 110 other origin, and are de posits of silica, alumina, oxide ol iron and other coloring substances. lt is the color or arrangement of colors that gives the uauie, and thus we have agate, onyx, chalcedony, carneliaii, sard, chrysialuurase. sardonyx and others, ali members of the quartz family and ail hav ing a family resemuiauce. llie agate has veins of different shades of color iv parallel lines. Sometimes these are very closely together, as many as fitly to ihe inch, but this is unusual. When there are alternate bauds of colors and a transparent medium we have the mm, but the latter may be obtained by cutting (he stove in a diUereut way. Agates are used chiefly for ornamental purposes, such as cups, seals, rings, handles tor parasols, table and mantel ornaments, but the material is so hard that it can only be worked by those who have practiced skill. '1 ho onyx was valued by tlie' ancients for its application to cameos ami Intaglios— the hist an object in relief, the latter a "cut-in" process ; aud these objects are still made. Nature piouuccs some very strange forms occasionally, and agates are found with ex act resemblances of moss ami otlier natural objects and ligures, which are very curious aud often very valuable.— Globe- Democrat. A CHARGE ill CUUKTS. The Alaska Company's Suit Transferred to _ frdernl Trihnn»i.«^aa___Hf>a The suit of tho Alaska Commercial Com pany against the North American Commer cial Company for 9100,000, alleged to be due forthe misappropriation of 4188 skins, has been transferred to the United States Circuit Court from the Superior Court. The ground* upon which the plea for a transfer was based and granted were that the time allowed for answering the com plaint in the Superior Court would not per mit the summoning of witnesses from the far Northwest, and, furthermore, that tho suit was brought under a Federal aud not a Slate statute. gSMHmBM The sealskins in question were brought to Ibis port by the revenue cutter Richard Bush in charge of the defendaut corpora tion. The Alaska Commercial Company claimed them and appealed to Collector of the Port Phelps, who declined to make - an award and referred the matter to Secretary of the Treasury Windom. The -North American Company then appropriated them to its own use, for which the Alaska Com pany brought suit for d .mages. i The plaintiff claims that it had the exclu sive right of hunting seals from July, 1870, until July, 1800, nt ihe Islands of St. r Paul and St. George, that its grant from the Secre tary of the Treasury allowed it to capture 60,000 seals, hut that in fact only 20,99". were caught, of which number weie the 4158 in question. LITERATURE. __,_ .■-.- -:.-..■-■ -:....--.- . > - _--._-.V__. ■- gSr_^A_l__JT__\. Among THE Brethren" -T^k, ~ "'•' "Josiah Alien's Wife." (Funk & \__m Wngnalls; New York), ln 1888 at yyy ■. the conference of tho Methodist Episcopal Church there arose a question as to whether four female delegates, duly elected, should take their seats as members. The matter occupied a great deal of atten tion, nnd for three days the brightest lights 111 the conference | argued the matter, finally deciding "that under the constitution and laws of the church as they now are, women are not eligible as lay delegates to the Gen eral Conference." In view of the frequent reference in the book to the discussion bad on this subject, the publishers have added to the work, as an appendix, six of the most prominent arguments— three for and three against— that were had during the confer ence. The proceedings furnished "Josiah Allen's Wife" (Marietta Holley) the text for a humorous and semi-serious protest against the decision of the conference. The book is in the Yankee dialect, and the arguments, which are witty, do not lose tlieir force by reason of being so expressed. The writer does not follow any set line, but presents arguments here and there, getting in some very solid thrusts In favor of women having a voice in the government of the church to which they belong. The whole book, while dealing with a subject that will involve a great many conferences in controversy, is a very happy way of presenting a very serious case, for it not only applies to the members of the church named, but to churches of other denominations in which women have sought a representation. The book is embel lished • with numerous good illustrations, which are to the point, anil there is no doubt but that many who read "Samaiitha Among the Brethren," while amused by the quaint arguments advanced by "Josiah Allen's Wife," will give the subjectseriuus consider ation. . "Life"— By William \V. Wheeler. (Ameri can News Company ; New York). This is a novel by Mr. Wheeler, is a resident of Meriden, Conn., who in a plain every-day sort of a: way tells a story of a man, Joe Whitney, who was pronounced dead, but could not be buried, because- his sister being under the belief that he was in a cataleptic fit, lie having had several, refused to allow him to be placed on ice or have an autopsy made or the "body" buried. The authori ties were anxious to have the matter ended by placing Mr. Whitney under ground, but the sister being in the way they took steps to have her arrested for insanity and placed in .an asylum lor believing that her brother, who had the state of death on his countenance for two weeks, was not dead. An attorney, George Wilson, cir cumvents the officers of the law by marry ing the sister and becomes her guardian, and under the circumstances she cannot be arrested without his consent. The marriage was, however, only one of necessity, and as under the law a marriage outside of the church is a civil contract, whicii may be annulled by the courts, Wilson decided to obtain a divorce as soon as he had con vinced the sister of Joe that there was a corpse in the house. A specialist in New York was sent fur, and after treatment of the extraordinary case brought Joe buck to life. He tells of some strange visions lie had while in the trance. Finally Joe's sis ter becomes Wilson's wife in fact as well as name. The book is full of strong Spiritual istic views, and while there are many who will not place any faith in what is pre sented, it contains a great deal Hint inter ests. Paoli, the Last of Tin; Missionaries — By W. <_'. Kitchen. (Robert Bonner's Sons ; New York). This is a well-bound and beau tifully illustrated book of 463 pages, in which is presented a uicture of the overthrow of the Christians in Japan in the seventeenth century. It tells in a most graphic manner of the severe trials of those missionaries who in the early period sought to es tablish the. Christian religion in the " Land of the Morning." lt is writ ten in a very interesting and enter taining style, and is an historical picture winch outweighs fiction. The principal characters are all real personages who took a prominent part in the stirring events Ilia t attended the overthrow of Christianity. Tlie author of this book was for three years a resident of lhe picturesque city of Naga saki, on the crest of lligashi-yami, where the war against the Christians was waged, and it was while there that he decided to' gather the material for the book. He de ' voted a great deal of time to investigation, and hearing lroin the .lips of the people legendary accounts of the great rebellion of the "jashiu-nion," which have been handed down Irom father to sun for more than two and a half centuries. During his investiga tion the author caino across two hitherto un l.iiuwu manuscripts, written by eye-wit nesses of the war, in which they gave a minutely detailed account of the events of the time, aud it is mainly upon these that the volume published is based. Manual of; Nervous Diseases— By A. 11. Arnold, M.D. (the Bancroft Com pany ; San Francisco). This is a work writ ten by the emeritus professor on diseases of the nervous system,' College of Physicians and Surgeons of Baltimore, and is a concise description of the essential facts in relation to the study and treatment of nervous dis eases. It is the second edition of the work, and it has been thoroughly rewritten and en larged, yet 111 this the author has not de parted from the original design as set forth in the first edition. He has added some valuable matter to the preliminary chapters on the anatomy of the nervous system and the general symptomatology and therapeu tics of nervous diseases. It Is a bonk of value to the medical profession and to studeuts. . BestixY of A Common-place LIFE— By Mrs. It. E. Nelson. (John B. Alden ; New Yoik). This is a story written for young peo, le by the author of " Durance." lt is one that is realistic, written with a good purpose and should have many readers who will find it instructive, interesting and pro fitable. In the preface the author says: ltclievlng that false and impracticable Ideas of life and Its •..,■,, ,i duties me ol.euiui.es Imbibed fiom bOOKS iy:\ ... Improbable accounts ot every, day events and unreal plenties of (lie scenes and lives I liave inert to deal only Willi that widen is attainable by any energetic boy or girl who en joys the advantages of tills niiieteentl) century civilization. 1 hope that I may save my young Mends an ■ Incentive to better work or nobler living as 1 show them ibe benefits of moral aud lutellectii.il culture. Loveli.'s Imkrxationai. SKIiIF.S (Unit ed States Honk Company; New York). This publishing house has added to the well known and popular series three very inter esting works of fiction, namely : "The Heart .of Gold," by L. T. Meade, author of "A Girl of the. Period" and "Frances Kane's For tune" ; "Alas," by Bh«da Bioughion, author of "Doctor Cupid," "Good-by, Sweetheart," and other works; also "Famous or Infam ous," by Bertha Thomas. Like other works of this series, the novels named are of the hest class of English writings, and are printed by special arrangements with the authors. Each of the books named has a good plot and each is exceedingly Interesting. Rose Asms — By Carrie Stevens Walter (C. A. dock & Co. ; San Francisco). This is a neatly printed volume of poems by Car rie Stevens Waiter of San Jose, which the lady lies written at various times iv the past few years. They are divided into three classts, namely, "In the Sunshine," "In the Shadow" nnd "Tempest-Tossed." Many of them were inspired by California scenes aud are meritorious compositions in verse. The book will make a neat offer ing for the approaching holidays. For sale by William Doxey. Hook Notes. The Worthington Company of New York will shortly -issue "A Russian Conntry House," by Carl Oetlef, translated by Mrs. J. W. Davis, and I nil v illustrated with photogravures. This is said to be a very interesting story , ol Russian life — Russian high lile — which presents capital pictures of manners and customs in the time of the great Elizabeth, and tells of ber favorites and the festivities curried ou in barbaric splendor. It gives a further insight into the strange Russian character,- of which Turgenielf and Tolstoi have written. The Gossip Printing Company of Mobile, Ala., announces : the early publication of " Society as I Foundered It," by Cad Meßal lister, the author of "The Book or the Rye." This isa skit On Ward McAllister's book, " Society as I.Found It," by T. C. de Leon, a . Southern writer of considerable ability in travesty, and one whose travesties have had many admirers. . -:'.;-.-_ Charles 11. Sergei & Co. of Chicago an nounce the publication of a popular edition of General Booth's remarkable book, "la Darkest England nnd the Way Out." The first edition of this : book was sold in En gland throe hours after publication," and Sergei & Co. claim that tlieir American edi tion of 0000 was sold on the day of publi cation. . ' 'yyi-ix'. ■ Those who have read " Tho House on the Marsh" and "Nurse Revel's Mistake," by, Florence Warden, will lind pleasure in read ing "Missing— Young Girl," by the same author. Published by . the United States Hook Company of New York as part of ihe "Loveil minster Series.", - For sale at the book-stores. ' - ■.-"/,:_'-•' : An important biographical work, " The Earl of Hi aconsfield, K.G.," by :J. A. Fronde, H. CL., is announced us nearly ready for publication by tne Harper Bros. This work is the first of a series of bioura pliies of the Queen's Prime Ministers, edited by Stuart J. Heid. ." ; ; ; " - t ' £.;.'. "%'; '.. '.Two novelettes by Edith Sessions Topper* are published under one cover by the United States Hook Company of New York as No.' •ill of the American Authors' Series.". These are " Uy Whose Hand '?" and " By a Hair's breadth," both charming stories.- i '■". .-,-. yyy - "The Romance of a Marriage," by Count Lyof Tolstoi, lias .been published by Laird & Lee of Chicago.; This book. In view of the attention the other works of this writer ' have attracted, wiil undoubtedly have mnny j readers. \ ■' .; -_■ . ... -?..!_-•;; Magazine nnd Other Notes. ■ Israel C. Russell of the ' United States Geological Survey, who was detailed by the Government to take charge of the recent ex pedition ' fitted ; out by. the National Geo graphic Society for the exploration of the region of Mount St. Ellas, Alaska, will con tribute to the "Century Magazine" an ac count of the experiences of his party, accompanied with illustrations from photo graphs made at the time. The exploration was of a large tract of country lying be tween Yakutat River and the mountain named, never before visited by man. The holiday or December number of "Scribuer's Magazine" will bean uncommon oue in several" particulars. With the ex ception of the serial and a story each article is illustrated throughout by a single artist, who lias worked in immediate association with the author. It will contain "Japonica," the first of Edwin Arnold's articles on Japan; " Christie's," an account of the fa mous auction-room, written by Humphrey Ward, the art critic of the Loudon limes, and a number of other very interesiing articles. The announcements of "The Youth's Com panion" for 1881 show a variety of features not surpassed in any previous year. This periodical, which is published with a view to improve the mind of young readers by presenting to them matter that is pure and wholesome, has engaged, for the coming year a number of the best writers of the day and these will furnish sketches of army and navy life, athletic sports, science, serial stories of adventure and many popular ones. The Christinas numbsr of "Frank Leslie's Popular Monthly" Is bound in a special illuminated cover of beautiful design in lithographed colors of gold. The contents, varied and suited to the times, amply infill tho promise of the elaborate exterior. The leading article is a richly illustrated narra tive of Dr. Talmnge in the Holy Land. The "Cosmopolitan Magazine" for Decem ber will be represented in the literary world by an edition of 100,000. Oue of the feat ures will be V2_ cartoons from the pencil of Ban Beard, which are to be placed at the bottom of pages, and will represent "Christ mas during the eighteen centuries of the Christian era." In the December number of "Tho Cen tury " there will be published four com plete stories, by Elizabeth Smart Phelps, Joel Chandler Harris, Richard Harding Davis and Maurice Thompson. Besides these there will be the first installment of a novelette entitled "Sister Dolorosa," by James Lane Allen. "Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper" of the Isi.ii inst. presents a picture oi. special interest to all who take an interest in horseflesh. It is illustrative of the great horse fair held in Madison square, New York. It also presents an interesting ac count of the doings ot the Leslie Alaska ex pedition. The November Issue of "The American Antiquarian and Oriental Journal," pub lished by S. 1). Peel of Mendon, 111., has for the leading article "Zodiacal Chronology," an interesting scientific paoer by O. B. Miller. The editor mesents an article of unusual interest on "Stone Grave People." The first number of a new periodical pub lished in this city lias just been issued. It Is entitled " The Architectual News," and is devoted to architectural art in San Francisco. :it is well printed, has good illustrations, and is an attractive addition to that class of periodicals. The "Ladies' Home Journal" of Phila delphia, wiiich has become one of the popu lar magazines, announces nine excellent features for the coming year, and the pub lishers will do their utmost to make it even more interesting than it has been in the past. "The Illustrated English Magazine" for November has a number of brilliant articles, nil of them beautifully illustrated. Among the number is one on Winchester College by the Earl of Seluorne, and "The Witch of Prague," by F. Marion Crawford. In the current issue of "Garden and For est" there are a variety of articles on chrys anthemums, aster.-, and other late flowering plants which are seasonable and attractive to the lovers of gardens aud garden flowers. One of the neatest and at the same time artistic calendars thus far issued for the coming year is that published by "The Youth's Companion." The November number of " Freund's Music and Drama " contains an illustrated historical sketch of Stelnway & Sons, the great piano-makers. . MALARIOUS AFRICA. A Line of Graves Stretches -Across the Fatal Country. Malarial fever is tho one sad certainty which every African traveler must face. For months he may escape, but its finger is upon him, and well for him if he has a friend near when it finally overtakes him. It is preceded for weeks, or even for a month, or two, by unaccountable irritability, depression and wenriness. This goes on day after day till the crash comes— first cold and pain, then heat and pain, then every kind of pain, and every degree of heat, then delirium, then the life-and-death struggle. He rises, if he dues rise, a shadow, and slowly accu mulates strength for the next attack, which he knows too well will not disappoint him. No one has ever yet got to the bottom of African lever. Its geographical dis tribution is still unmapped, but generally it prevails over the whole east and west coasts within the tropical limit, along all the river courses, on the shores of the in land lakes, and 111 all low-lying and marshy districts. The higher pl.iteaiis, presumably, are comparatively free from it, but in order to reach these, malarious districts of greater or smaller area have to be traversed. There the system becomes saturated with fever, which often develops long after the infected region is left behind. The really appalling mortality of Euro peans is a fact with whicii all who have any idea of casting in their lot with Africa should seriously reckon. None but those who have been on the spot, or have followed closely the inner history of African ex ploration and missionary work can appre ciate the gravity of the situation. The malaria spares no man; the strong fall as the weak; no number of precautions can provide against it; no kind of care can do more than make the attacks less frequent; no prediction can be made beforehand as to which regions are taunted by it and which are safe. It is not the least ghastly feature of this invisible plague that the only known scientific test for itat present is a human life. That test has been applied in the Congo region already with a recklessness which the sober judgment can only character ize as criminal. It is a small matter that men should throw away their lives, in hundreds if need be, for a holy cause; but it is not a small matter that man aftet man, in long and in fatal succession, should seek to over leap what is plainly a barrier of nature. And science has a duty in pointing out that no devotion or enthusiasm can give any man a charmed life, and that those who work for the highest ends will best attain them in humble obedience to the common laws. Transceiidently this may be denied; the warning finger may be despised as the hand of the coward and the profane. But the fact remains— the fact of an awful chain of English graves stretching across Africa.— Drtiiiiinond. Birds stand between beasts aud reptiles, but are widely distinct from both. All beasts possess, as we possess, warm blood, but the blood of a bird is warmer still, and thus birds differ greatly from reptiles, in spite of their possessing certain structural diameters in common with that cold-blooded class. .--;. THE SMOKER Will have no other Tobacco Who once tries "SEAL OF NORTH CAROLINA" V- ; i Plug Cut. "iZZZ "" This is tha secret of its Immense sale. ' T " -,* '' '. " ~ ih'.a Sim cod " SES SB mm BUSINESS I* A B B I V COLL 2QE, UUshU U 24 Post St. a__&9___MS_f vS BeslfoiCirrtlir. iloo-'-ceiuug, reuuittusaqi ,a ii ore- Type-wiitlug 'ZZi^yr'-:'_-:ZZi^Z^- 'Zj DRY GOODS. ' ; '' ■; ZZvZZ,ZZZ. : ZZZ 4 PEERLESS BF WHS XHXT KtaasF raSLsiiftiiiiJ t______^_h_aß ; ' _a__sri_* lack and Colored Dress Ws TO BE OFFERED .' ; Tills "Week! - . .■ The special values offered this week in our Silk and Dress Good.* Departments are really phenomenal and are sure to attract immediate and widespread at- tention, for our magnificent display of dress materials has already -gained great prominence on account of its unusual magnitude of assortments, elegance of styles- and extreme lowness of prices, and our this week's offerings surpass, in every respect, any of the many wonderful attractions heretofore presented, compris- ing, as they do, the following unprecedented bargains. COLORED DRESS GOODS DEPARTMENT! Henriettas. At 50 Cents. FRENCH HENRIETTA CLOTH, new fall shades, 40 inches wide, warranted all wool, will be offered at 50 cents per yard. AX 75 Cents. FRENCH HENRIETTA CLOTH, latest fall shades, 42 inches wide, warranted all wool, will be offered at 75 cents per yard. At *1. FRENCH HENRIETTA CLOTH, silk fin- ish, new shades, 40 inches wide, war- ranted all wool, wili be offered at Sl per yard. At $1.85, FRENCH HENRIETTA CLOTH, silk fin- ish, newest colorings, 40 inches wide, warranted all wool, will be offered at 81 25 per yard. *."-' At Sfc 1. 50. FRENCn HENRIETTA CLOTH, silk fin- ish, new shades, 40 inches wide, war- ranted all wool, will be offered at Sl 50 per yard. _A_t d=£P <^-t m . FRENCH HENRIETTA CLOTn, extra fine finish, latest shades, 40 inches wide, warranted all wool, will be offered at 82 per yard. . _A.t $8.50. FRENCH HENRIETTA CLOTH, supe- rior finish, in all the most popular shades, 46 inches wide, warranted all wool, will be offered at 82 50 per yard. FANCY WEAVES. At SO Cents. MELROSE CLOTH, new fall shades, 40 inches wide, warranted all wool, extra value for 85c, will be sold at 60c per yard. At 35 Cents. FRENCH ROYALS in all the latest fall shades, 42 inches wide, warranted all wool, extra value for Sl, will be sold at 85e per yard. $1.00. SATIN RAYURES/new shades, 42 inches wide, warranted all wool, extra value for Sl 25, will be sold at Sl per yard. . At $1.85. SATIN DIAGONALS in all the most popu- §lar shades, 42 inches wide, warranted all wool, extra value for 81 JO, will be sold at Sl 25 per yard. Cloths and Cloakings. Atsl.so. 54-INCH VERY STILISH SCOTCH P TWEEDS, in check effects, will be sold for 81 50. v Ats2.oo. 54-INCH SCOTCH CHEVIOT JACKET CLOTH, in stripes and heather mix- tures, worth 82 50, will be sold for 82. $8.50. 84-INCH RARITAN PLAID CLOAKING, extra heavy, newest shades, veil worth S3 50, will sell at S2 50. At. $5.50. 545-INCH STRIPE CHEVRON JACKET CLOTH, in black, very stylisb, worth 83 50, will be sold at $2 50. ____ $8.50. INCH FRENCH DIAGONAL CLOAK- ING, in all the latest weaves in black and navy blue, worth S3 50, will be sold at 82 50. :":-■•".•_ At $3.00. 56-INCn FINE DIAGONAL CHEVRON CLOTH, suitable for Newmarkets or Jackets, worth S4, will be sold for S3. , -A.t $3.50. 50-INCH BISON CLOTH, in black and navy blue, very fashionable, splendid value for 84 50, will ba sold at 83 50. ASTRACHANS. BLACK ASTRACHANS from $5 to 88 per yard. -.5 BROWN ASTRACHANS from S3 50 to So per yard. GRAY ASTRACHANS at $7 50 per yard. Special— Remnants— Special A vast quantity of REMNANTS OF STY- LISH CLOAKINGS will lie closed out this week at NOMINAL PRICES. " . | CHANGE OF BUSINESS HOURS. • ) On and after Monday, November 24th, our store will open at 8 A. M.' instead of 7 A. M. as heretofore, and close at 6 P. M., including Saturdays. : US" Samples sent free. *-3" Mall orders promptly and carefully executed. Goods delivered free in Oakland, Alameda. Berkeley and San Rafael. ' --a-*',.' -WW i'tsr new Catalogue is now ready and will be sent to any address on request... AST" See To-day's "Chronicle", and " Kximiner" for Special Offerings from our new.'.' Fall Stock of Ladies', Misses' and Children's Outer Garments, Ilousv-furuishlrics, ■" Hosiery* Underwear and Gents' Furnishing Goods. __^__\ - '-:- v .> "''V-i fs[/$P^ MURPHY BUILDINC. / , (/(/ . Market Stmt nnfffi cl Joins, / • z I ? &_____z PHAwrcisco, no_3l« - PAGES 9 to 12. BUCK DRESS GOODS;; DEPARTMENT! i At 35 Cents. 38-INCH IRON FRAME ALPACA, worth : Z SOc, will be sold at 35c per yard. ' ' .'■"."• '.-. At 50 Cents. 54-INCH ALL WOOL LADY'S CLOTS-, Z worth 75c, will be sold at 50c per yard. ' ■'• ■'.■ 5 "_: ' ■H.- At 85 Cents. :• " ! . r 42-INCH ALL WOOL FRENCH SERGE, ; : worth Sl, will be sold at Gsc per yard. '. : ■'■■} At 75 Cents. - :l 40-INCH EXTRA FINE FRENCH CASH- ' • MERE, worth fl, will be sold at 76c per ':.".., yard. : '_\i.i.- ' _■."■'■ At 75 Cents. 42 -INCH EXTRA HEAVY FRENCH.. RAH SERGE, worth 81 25, will be _§■ sold at 75c per yard. " |j| |g^ At $1.00. 48-INCH FINE FRENCH CASHMERE, ..-'-. worth Sl 50, will b _ sold.at 81 per yard. '•.._ ; At $1.00. '-', 40-INCH SILK WARP HENRIETTA. : . worth Sl 50, will be sold at 81 per yard.":' •': At 41.00. 44-INCH SUPERIOR LUSTER IRON '"■'.'■ FRAME ALPACA, worth 81 SO, will .: be sold at 81 per yard. '-'_ At $1.85. = 40-INCH SILK WARP HENRIETTA,!. ' worth 82, will be sold at Sl 25 per yard.:. .;'. -At $1.50. ' . 4S-INCH SATIN MERVEILLEUX, worth:;. 82, will be sold at Sl 50 yer yard. _■ SILK DEPARTMENT I I At 50 Cents. 100 pieces COLORED SATINS, in .all;.,", shades, will be offered at 50c a yard. ', At 50 Cents. 100 pieces COLORED SURAHS, in all •'"''. shades, will be offered at 50j a yard, . At SO Cents. 80 pieces EXTRA FINE IS'DIA SILK, in all shades, will be offered at 60c a yard. At 75 Cents. 80 pieces EXTRA FINE BLACK SURAH .. will be offered at 75c a yard. ■' '-■ At $1.00. 40 pieces CANTON CREPE, in evening . shades, 28 inches wide, will be offered ..'■■ at Sla yard. -1 ■_''■_ At SI.OO. . 40 pieces 24-INCH EXTRA FINE COL-;. ORED SURAH, extra value for 81 80, ■ "'- -will be offered at SI a yard. .. . ' ; : - . At $1.85. '■:>-■. '.','' 30 pieces EXTRA FINE BROCADED' : ;'•*; SILK, in evening shades, extra value . • for Sl 75, will be offered at Sl 25 a yard. _. At $1.00. 20 pieces BLACK ROYAL SILK; gobd . .' value for 81 25, will be offered' at $l a . - yard. Z'Zrf'Z V. At * 1 . 50. 15 pieces BLACK FAILLE FRANCAISE rZ. SILK, extra good value for S2, will be. .-•.-' offered at $1 50 a yard. .'.".: "\ At $8.50. 15 pieces 24-INCH BLACK AND BROWN : "':■ HEAVY SILK PLUSH, extra good • .." value for S4, will be offered at $2 SO a.:', yard.