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f H A FEMALE CHAPLAIN. UNIQUE DISTINCTION POSSESSED BY A WYOMING WOMAN. Mr. May I'rralmi Sliiiinii V.njnf It lira rmiifi Aiuiinc Her Hh Mixteiit Htiil Lfii4iiinlii; Hut rnlout In llrliulf of lhi tfnrortiiiititni In Strlo. Tim proposed removal of the peni tentiary ut Laramie, Wyo., to RawlltiB, culls attention to tlio fact Hint tho In stitution possesses tlm unique distinc tion of having tho only womnn chop Inln In tlm United States, If not, In deed, In tho world. Tho chuplulu Is Mrs. May Preston Slosson. wife of tho vlcn president of tho University of Wyoming, nnil for over two years sho lino presided over tho spiritual wcl faro of tho convicts Imprisoned nt La ro ml it. Mrs. Slnsxnn lii a quiet, modest, nnnMiiniliiK little womnn Just fitted for tho work hIio bus chosen. Ha In or Hhlnn, she Ih ut her post In tho chapel each Sunday, having rarely missed n service during her two yearn of work. Neither tho bleak winds or blinding snow of winter, nor tho shimmering heat of Rummer have suuiccd to keep lier nwny from tho prison nnd tho inon who so eagerly watch from tho grat ed windows of their lonely coJU for her mining. MrB. Slosaon, besides being the only woman prison chaplain, was the flrst woman to recclvo tho degrco of Ph. I), nt Cornell University, graduating well up toward tho head of a class of young mon. Sho was born at Illon, N. Y., In tho early GO's, but went with her pa rents to Knnsxs when sho was n smnll girl. From tho village school sho went to Illllsdalo College, Michigan, whero sho took tho degrees II. S. and M. S., thenco to Cornoll, completing tho three years' post graduate course In two years. All this bofoie Bho had reached tho ago of 21. For a llttlo wbllo sho Mil tho cl)ulr of Greek tu n I'rcsby- MRS. MAY PRESTON SLOSSON. tcrlnn college at Hastings, Nob. Ten years ago sho became tho wlfo of Prof. Slojsou, professor of chemistry In tho Unlvoislty of Wyoming, nnd slnco Hun has been a resident of Laramie. , llrltlnti Itril Tnpr. During the South African War Hurt ynnl Kipling discovered ut Capo Town a hospital without bandages nnd In desperate need of them. This, too, waH in n city whero bandages wore for salo hi many shops. Ho told nn acquaintance that he was going to meet their wnnt. and the gen tleman nt once offered to pay for nil tho bandages that Mr. Kipling would buy nnd take to the hospital. . A cart was quickly loaded, nnd then tho author was Informed that, under army lilies, tho hospltnl nuthorltles could not receive supplies from n prl vnto Individual. "Well," said he, "I will dump tho packages on the pavement licforo tho door, and then tell them to como out nnd clean up tho litter. Perheps they can get them Into the building In that way without tearing any red tape." Ho drove oft with tho bandages, and tho supplies were somehow smuggled Into tho hospital. tlcii. Da Wt' flmrr Wife. In Paris they tell n story Illustrative of tho "sllmness" of Mrs. Do Wet. An KugllsU officer was pointing out to her how Impossible It was for her husband to oscnpo the cordon of troops which were drawn round him. As Mrs. Do Wet seemed unable to understand him. the olllccr placed n dozen eggs In a circle on the tnblo with u half-crown In tho middle. Tho egxs, be explained, pointing to himself, wcro tho En glish; tho coin, pointing to n portrait of Do Wot on tho wall, wob her elusive husband. It was nn excellent object lesson and It was perfectly successful. "I see," said the simple Dutchwoman, In excellent English. "Hut whero Is l)e Wet?" And the half-crown had disappeared 1 The 1.9S0 miles betweon Skagway nnd St. Michaels, Alaska, nro covered by COO dogs, working In relnys of 2G miles, In four nnd one-halt days. Be tween White Horse and Dawson HO horses nre kept going day and night la relays. W0' WORKED FOR GO CENTS A WEEK. ,lmr Ollter of CIiIIIim! I'lnnr I'biih I Now Worth 6 1.1,000,000. Jnmes Oliver, tho largest plow man ufacturer In tho world and reputed to bo worth 115,000,000, was onco a farm er's choro boy working for CO cents n week. Ho Is n Scotchman, Ills fath er was u shepherd and had no faculty for accumulating money. Tho boy hud practically no schooling. Mr. Oliver gives his mother and a Sunday school tho credit for tho education ho re ceived when a hoy. At the ugo of 11 he enmo to this country with ono or two other members of tho family. On u farm near Geneva, N. Y., ho was giv en woik ns n choro boy by n fanner, his pay to bo board mid lodging and CO cents n woek. At tho end of 11 weeks he had saved $5, every cent of which he had to send to his mother, who was In need. At tho ngo of 1.1 wo find him In m Grande county, Ind., and u llttlo later nt Mlshawuku, In the same state, working on his father's farm. Shortly afterwards his father died, and lie ngaln found employment as chore boy nt 6 u month. For four years ho worked nt anything ho could find, pick ing up whnt llttlo book knowledge, ho could. At tho ngo of 17 ho was work ing In n gristmill nt Mlshnwakn, nnd nt about this time Invested nil ho had 75) In n house nnd lot, ngrcclng to pay for It $77f. Ho says of this In vestment: "When I look bnck upon It 1 feel that to It I owe, In a good measure, what success I havo met with during my life, for to liquidate tho debt I was forced to work hard and econ omize continually." At tho age of 21 ho married nnd went to Hvo In n llttlo slab house for which ho paid $13, ndd Ing $11 for Improvements. His wlfo gathered togethor a number of rngs, borrowed n loom and wovo n rag enr pot, which ho thought whs tho prettiest thing ho had ever seen. Ho lived throo months In this llttlo slab house tho happiest months of his lifo, ho says Then ho learned tho moldcr's trado and accumulated n llttlo money. At tho ago of 2S wo find him operating n llttlo foundry of his own nt South llond, Ind., whero ho made, plows. After n Brent denl of 111 luck nnd close study of tho plow business for ho wns, trying nil the timo to perfect nn im plement that could bo made, cheaper and work bettor limit any plow then made ho finally hit upon n chilling process, mid tho Oliver chilled plow, now known tho world over, went Into the maiket. LABOR'S PARADISE. TIiiiI'ji Yt'lint ii TmirUt fa IN tlm t'nlten Mtlltt'K. "Tho "United States Is n paradise for tho worklnginau," says an American who has Just returned from a five months' trip to Europe". "Nowhero In tho world Is ho paid so much for Inbor ns in tills country. Tho wages hero for farmers nnd worklngmon In Industrial lines nro fully 100 per cent higher than In F.urope. "It Is truo Hint In porno respects liv ing Is cheaper In Europo thnn here. Ilcnts nro cheaper, but tho real necessi ties of life nro higher; meat nnd bread arc fully 50 per cent higher. Tho work ing people In European countries Just drift; they do not live ns Americans do. When thoy have meat onto a week they nro satisfied. "Thero nre plenty of lnbor unions In flermany, Austria, Hungary nnd other countries, but there nro compnrntlvely fow strikes. Thero Is more labor than demand nnd tho peoplo nro glnd to get work nt nny price. Just now thero Is r. notlccablo Industrial depression; this Is much felt In England on nccount ot tho war. It Is tho climax ot a period of expansion. Industrial stocks have gone down materially, nnd It Is felt every where. It Is Just tho opposlto ot con ditions in this country nt tho present time; our peoplo nro nil piosporous nnd mnklng good wnges. "Another thing which struck me forcibly is tho smnll salary paid to the rank nnd file of tho Herman nrmy. More than 600,000 soldiers thero, I nm told, get a llttlo less thnn G cents n day, and out of this they have to pay for their shoo blacking and a fow oth llttle things. In Austria they get oven less n little moro than 2 cents n day. Comparing this scale of wages with ours, it mnkes strong contrast, nnd It would seem thnt wo nro particularly liberal." Soiiim Itnfs of Ant. Ants commonly arc regarded ns nuisances, yet they havo their uses. It you dig up n nest ot common brown nnts, you will notice, by putting your fnco closo to tho hill, a pungent odor nrislng. This is tho vapor of formic ncld, tho principle" of nut poison. Now, formic ncld has the property of mak ing plants grow ns hardly anything olso will. Thercforo tho mold of which tho nnt nests nro composed mnkes n vnlunblo dressing for the market gar den when spread on while It Is fresh. Another llttlo known benefit to bo de rived from nnts Is tho collection of their egps for fish food. In tho luto summer a good many peoplo make a living by gathering ant eggs in tho pine woods of Surrey nnd Berkshire, Kng., and soiling them to the London fish dealers. " -- jrr?) HARBOR OF ft9 (L. KIVLRJ10AT Ojr. Few peoplo In this country renllzo tho magnitude of tho ambition of Pres ident Castro of Venezuela, an nmbltlou In which ho Is supported by hi. own party In tho country of which ho Is tho chief executive nnd by a largo nnd actlvo party In Colombia nnd Ecua'lor. It Is nothing less than tho rc-ereutlng of tho -old republic of Colombia formed by Simon Bolivar, the Liberator, which consisted of tho countries now known as Venezuela, Ecuador and Colombia. That accomplished, It would bo n logl rnl step in tho advancement of his am bition to seek to add to tho recon structed nation Peru nnd Bolivia, us Boiivnr sought to do, and in which ho almost succeeded, being for a consider able tlnio not only president of Colom bia, but tho nrbltor of tho affairs of thoso two nutlons. This would mean tho formation, in place of flvo weak, Jlscordnnt, belligerent nnd turbulent ountrlcs, of n nation with n popula tion of between thirteen and fourteen millions nnd nn nrcn nenrly us largo us thnt of tho United States, exclusivo of Alaska. It would bo lnrger thnn tho Russian smplre in Europe, larger by nbout 2,000.000 square miles thnn the German and Austrlnn empire or tho republic of France, nnd nearly two-thlrda tho slzo jf Europe. In population It would bo qual to European Turkey, tho King doms of Servla nnd Roiimanla and tho principality of Bulgaria taken togethor Its boundaries would bo almost coln 'Idcnt with tho territory reigned over by 'ho lncas and their tributary princes at io height of tho power ot tho un dent Peruvian empire. It would have coast lino of G.SOO miles, of which 3,000 aro on tho Atlantic and the Carib bean sea nnd tho remainder on tho Pa cific. Venezuela nlono has n coast line of 2.000 miles, with thirty-two natural harbors nnd fifty bays. Tho rohullt nation would bo tho third power on tho Western continent In point of area and population, tho United Stntes be ing tho ilrst and Brazil tho second. Tho natural resources, ns yet devel oped hardly at all, ot the lands com prised within tho boundaries of tho :ontemplated republic nio Immense, nnd vnrled nnd under a stable government tho nation would bo ono which would afford opportunities for tho working out ot tho best destinies of tho Latin rnco In tho Western World, and would bo n power strong enough to defy for eign aggression from nny European liinrter whntsoover. The projected Pau-Amorlcnn rallwny would run through tho heart of this nation, nnd, with Its branch lines, would connect with tho l'aclllc ocean on tho west and tho Caribbean sea on tho north, thus hastening the material and social development of the country nnd vnstly Increasing Its commercial Importance. It will bo seen that It Is with no mean ambition that President Castro is credited. At present tho agitation for n union ot tho separated nations Joes not amount to a sentiment within Iho domain of practical politics, except n Venezuela, Colombia and Ecuador. In Colombia and on the borders of Vcnezueln nnd Ecuador actual lighting Is going on for tho accomplishment of tho scheme of reunion. Tho Liberal parties In these three countries are united in nu attempt to bring the echemo ot union to an accomplished fact, nnd President Castro has made himself tho head of the movement. Read In the light of tho knowleJno of tills movement for unification, tho seemingly confused state of affairs In Colombia nnd Venezuela becomes moio comprehensible. For a long timo wo havo been reading dispatches from South America telling ot Invasions of Colombian territory by troops from Ecuador and Venezuela and ot the vio lation of tho territory of theso repub lics by the troops of Colombia. Tho news has been really a record ot tho stand which Is being made by tho Con servative party of Colombia against tho Liberals of tho other two nations. Ec uador, being n small nation nnd the government seemingly having tho Lib erals better in hand than they nro in tho other two countries, lias so fcr managed to keep from becoming em broiled li nctunl wnr; but under the lend of Castro tho Liberals of Vcnezuo la havo made common cause with their brethren of Colombia against tho Con servatives, who opposed the union and a stnte of war exists between tho two nations. Should Castro, with tho aid of tho Colombian Liberals, succeed In overthrowing tho existing government of Colombia, tho union Is Inevltnble. nnd Ecuador would como Into tho fed eration quietly, us sho did before In Bolivar's time. Aftor Hint It will bo timo enough to tnlk about Peru nnd Bolivia. At pros ent armies nro marching nnd battles aro being fought for tho unification of tho states which Bolivar freed from tho Spanish yoko and formed into n nation which bo fondly hoped should flourish nnd bo forever a monument to Ills memory a lnndmnrk of his fame but which fell to pieces upon his death. Castro, In seeking to ro-establlsh tho great nntlon of Bolivar, may bo like tho dog In tho fable, and In grasping at tho vision ot what ho desires may loso tho eubstanco of that which ha has: for his enemies nro numerous nnd aro not Idle At present, however, ho seems to hold Venezuela with a Arm hand, tho firmest which has been at tho helm of state since Ouzman Blanco left tho country to Its fnto nnd be came fat, Biiplno nnd politically im potent nmld tho pleasures of Parisian life. Castro has great energy, great ambi tion and cannot bo. denied conslder ablo ability of a certain sort. In poli tics nnd war his enreer bns been ndven turous, nnd when he suddenly becamo n politlcnl factor his rise to power was rapid. Ho came to tho presidency of Venezuola by flro and Bword, and be holds his power u a manner which would not ho tolof.i ed In many coun trlea. Meiiinrlnlt for Morten. After their conflict with China a few years ago, the Japanese, erected it monument to the memory of tuo horses killed In battle. Tho dtlko of Wellington built ono nt Strathflelds aye, where tho famous charger Copen hagen died. Tho height of Farley Mount, not far from Winchester, Is crowned with an obelisk erected to a horse burled there. Tho namo of tho nnlmal wns Beware Chalk Pit, this cognomen having been bestowed on account of the fact that tho horso dur ing n hunt Jumped into a chalk pit twenty feet deep, with Its master on Its back. The obelisk Is n landmark for many miles around. Tho mention of this horso ns a hunter recalls tho fact that at Sandlway, In Cheshire, thero Is n monument to nnothcr ani mal ot tho chase a foxhound. Blue cap wns Its nnmo, nnd Its exploits wero tho theme of songs which nro not yet forgotten, though 120 years havo passed slnco the hound died. Tho obelisk was" erected by tho lato A. H. Smith-Barry. (Intra of a Methuarlnli. Germautown as n district has n ccr tain renown for tho longevity of Its nntives, and tho "oldest inhabitant" of tho settlement cast of tho Wlssa hlckon Is a patriarch, Indeed. A tomb stono In tho old Concord burying ground, on Germantown avenuo, nbovo Wnsblngton lane, however, makes tho moro modern Methuselah's pale into insignificance. Tho inscription on this marblo slnb recites that the person burled was "aged 969 years," which is ono year older than tho biblical patri arch at tho timo of his decease. That tho carved figures nro erroneous is evident, and tho generally accepted theory is that tho stonecutter chiseled tho figures 90 In mlstako for C9, and when this was detected cloverly plug ged up tho first 9 nnd then carved tho number after tho six. Timo woro away 'i o plug, so that today this tombstone claims for him who lies be neath a record for longevity never yet equaled. Gate Applet to KnelnmL Of nil tho productions ot tho vege table world which the skill and in genuity of man have renderod condu cive to his happiness and to the In crease of his enjoyments tho applo stands forward us the most conspicu ous. It Is now n fruit crop of univer sal growth, and although tho most beautifully Biin-stalnoa examples reach England nt various periods of tho year from Canada and California and the temperate regions of tho great Austra lian colonies for flavor nono ot them equal those grown in England, The garden applo Is believed to have been Introduced Into Britain by tho Ro mans, and tho wild apple of our hedge rows Is the typo ot tho fruit when left to degenerato, and to which It would Bpeedily return but for constant cul ture. Looks like wo aro going to have a long fall. hal M I Si m A i Sfcaa Aifesa '3f .TErars"-' r