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12 COMMON SENSE BREEDING. The average farmer is apt to look upon the business of "fine stock" breeding as beyond his capital and ability. By fine stock he of course means pedigreed, registered stock, and his idea of such animals is that they are difficult to find, difficult to raise and maintain in their original excellence, and costly. He makes the mistake of thinking that no stock is fine unless possessed of pedigrees en titling it to entry in the respective stud or herd book of its kind. Let us say for his benefit that "all is not gold that glitters"; all stock is not really fine by reason of the mere fact that it is pedigreed. Live stock prop erly produced from common sense mating of excellent animals may in deed be excellent in most respects or only fall short of perfection on ac count of some admixture of blood or slight deviation from a right line in breeding which renders it ineligible to registry. Of such character were the magnificent Shorthorn feeding cat tle bred by Gilette, of Illinois, in years gone by and many others are breeding similar cattle today. At the same time thousands of poor specimens of pedi greed cattle, horses, sheep and swine are annually produced and retained for breeding purposes which by rights should be castrated or rejected for breeding service. The pedigree is not always proof positive of excellence. It may and is reasonably certain to prove that pure blood is pre-potent above that of the scrub animal, and often ex plains the power of an apparent scrub, possessed of a pedigree, to beget prog eny grfeatly excelling the parent in every good point and particular. But nowadays the pedigreed animal is no longer in demand unless he or she pos sesses not only pure blood, but the apparent evidences of superior excel lence in every respect as the result of long continued breeding in the same direction and purity. In other words, the pedigreed animal must carry its pedigree upon its back, as has been well said by a practical man who look ed more to present gain than future possibilities. Really fine stock can be easily produced by any careful, perse vering farmer and at a small outlay of cash, if he follows natural methods of breeding. To him the main object should be to produce practical beasts for immediate returns in flesh, wool, work, etc. It is rarely his province or power to compete successfully with the "big breeder" in the production of pedi greed animals for sal- as breeding stock. He should rest co .tent with the attempt, which will usual'y succeed, of improving his home animals up to a point oS similar excellence when com pared with pedigreed stock. This b.9 can do in comparatively short time by selecting all of his best breeding females of a similar type and charac ter and then mating them with a pure bred male that in every respect meets his approval as a representative of the breed which is his choice for breed excellence. Starting with this foundation, he should then breed bl a natural, common-sense manner. By "natural" we mean without regard to family or pedigree so long as no de parture is made from the breed orig inally selected to improve the hanie herd, stud or flock. If this be pa tiently followed, year after year, after seeking when the times comes to purchase a new male, to select an ani mal of the same breed and type and character and individual excellence, steady progress will be made in build ing up a collection of farm animals which will return good profits from food utilized. They will prove far more profitable than scrub stock and will return better and surer profits for the average farmer than pedigreed stock kept for the sake of pedigree alone, and will form a legacy worth handing down to the next generation of farmers. Natural breeding for sakes the old idea that the same fam ily line must be closely followed and stuck to and seeks everywhere for ideal animals of ideal type to con tinue the work of pro-creation in a given herd. By natural breeding the good qualities of the animal are main tained and the weakening effects of "in-and-in breeding" and even "line breeding" avoided. Natural breeding is usually employed as a term to de scribe such breeding of pure bred ani mals only, but it as truly applies, in our opinion, to the sensible methods of building up hedls of farm animals of grand excellence for all purposes. Another gne point possessed by these naturally bred, high grade animals is that they furnish at all times the very best foundation stock on the fe male side for crossing to bulls of other breeds for the production of cross-bred feeders, this work to be done, of course, by others than the breeders of high grade females. Many of the champion animals of our fat stock shows have been animals of this breeding, for the cross-bred steer is often better than either parent in point of excellence for feeding pur poses, but would be useless if left en tire and kept for breeding purposes. By common-sense methods of natural breeding, farmers may take advantage of all that is good in any one of the pedigreed breeds and at the same time avoid the expense of pedigreed animal breeding, fitting, showing and advertis ing. It is to supply the farmer with breeding stock for common sense im proving work that men are in the pedi greed stock business, and the latter should be given due credit for the grand work they are doing in improv ing all kinds of live stock throughout the country. —lowa Homesstead. Victor P. Martin, George J. Ireland, Willis W. Gray and Victor E. Miller are the names appearing in the articles of incorporation of the Northwest Pa cific Livestock Company, of Wenatchee, recently filed with the secretary of state. The capital stock is placed at $15,000, and is paid up in full. The object of the incorporators is to carry on a general live stock busi ness. Especial attention will be given to the importing and breeding of fine stock. The company have a large ranch and several hundred acres of range in this vicinity, and have already secured a hundred head of cattle. P. A. Frakes, who has the largest and best herd of Holstein cattle in the Northwest, says that it makes him decidedly tired when some former who has taken the notion to invest in a sire or a few pure-bred tries to Jew down his prices. They want first class stock at bargain-counter prices. They don't give the fact that Mr. Frakes has spent a great deal of money on his stock, importing from the best herds of the East, any con sideration, and that he cannot and will not sell unless he gets his price, which is always fair and reasonable. So there! Now that the popularity of Holsteins in the Northwest is increas ing, a great many farmers are looking for good breeding stock, and Mr. THE RANCH. SHROPSHIRES A few choice yearling Shropshire Rams and Ram Lambs for sale ; also a few Ewes, and Yorkshire Pigs of both sexes. Bred from prize winning stock. E. A. KIPP, Pioneer Farm, Chlllwack, B. C Grandview Farm. ENGLISH BERKSHIRES Oi the large Canadian type, size, puality, finish. Pigs will be recorded in the Ameri can Herd Book. Thirty choice young pigs now for sale. SHANNON BROS., Cloverdale, B. C. FOR SALE —Pure bred, registered JERSEY BULL Three years old, out of Brown Bessie's fam ily, the world-renowned cow that took flrst premium at the Columbian exposition. CARSTENS BROS., Seattle. Hereford Sale. On Wednesday, November 12, 1902, at 2 P. M., at LaGrande, Ore., we will sell at Public Auction 21 Registered Hereford Cattle, 13 Yearling Bulls, 8 Yearling Heifers. These cattle are in fair condition only, not being fitted for the sale ring. Breeding good as the best. Catalogues ready October Ist. E. J. Conrad & Sons, LaGrande, Ore., Frakes is a good man to get in touch with. But don't ask him to sell at sac rifice prices. At the Salem fair two of the most in terested visitors in the livestock dis play were S. Ban and his nephew, R. Ban. S. Ban runs a 400 acre farm at Quincy, Ore., and has thereon quite a dairy herd. He figures on doing con siderable exporting to Japan, having several years ago taken over a num ber of Holsteins, which proved a profitable venture. He recently pur chased several head of Shorthorns from Ladd's Oak Hill Farm. He is quite wealthy, having made his money as a contractor of Japanese labor. His nephew, who manages the farm, is a bright young man, who graduated recently from the Oregon agricultu ral college. A. S. White, a well known rancher of the Cowyche, has imported a car load of fine pedigreed Red-Polled cat tle, among them a registered bull. It is good news to learn that the ranch ers who have money to invest in stock put it in thoroughbreds.—Yakima Her ald. There were seven different makes of separators on display at the Oregon etate fair, representing all the separa tor companies on the Pacific Coast. A Tacoma young man called on his best girl and asked the maid to an nounce him. Pretty soon the girl poked her head out of the bathroom door and cried, "Hello! Jack, dear!" Jack called out, "Come on down." "I can't, Jack; I'm cr —well, im in my bath." "But I won't keep you a mo ment. I haven't er—got—er —any- thing on, Jack." "Well," said Jack, "slip on something and come down." So she slipped on the top step and came down. ELLENDA LE FA RM Hampshire Sheep Dorset Horn Sheep Duroc Jersey Hogs All Registered. Correspondence Solicited. REED A SOU, Moscow. Idaho. A. J. STREET, Ghilliwack, Br. Col. Registered Jersey Cattle won at New Westminis ter 1900—1st on 2 year-old-bull, Ist on yea-ling bull, Ist on herd. Some choice stock for sale, HOLSTEIN BULLS FOR SALE Several choice young Holstein bulls now for sale. Registration papers fur nished. Address Meadowbrook Farm, Snoqualmie, Wn., or Chamberlain, Hamilton & Co., Seattle. Satisfaction from cattle raising.— Send to L. K. Cogswell, Chehalis, Wash., for a start in Red Polls. They are gentle, hardy and profitable in ev ery way. A dozen bulls now for sale; prize winning stock. Orders taken for heifers. Send at once for Red Foiled pamphlet. Lake Side Stock Farm HOLSTEIN FRIESIAN CATTLE Of the Best Butter Making Strains for Sale. Service bull, Lunde Oregon de Kol, son of Clothllde Lunde Artls. Official butter test, 20 lbs 4ozin 7 days. He is assisted by Clothilde Grace's Sir Hengerveld, whose granddam was Netherland Hengerveld, with an official butter test of 25% lbs In 7 days, b«r milk averaging 3.92 per cent fat. P. A. FRAKES, Scappose, Ore. SHADELAND FARM COLLIES C. D NAIRN, Ballston, Ore., Prop. Verona Pale Face, 60729. The Largest Collection of Pure Bred Col lies In America. 32 Years a Breeder of Best Working Strains. Known to Stock men Everywhere. Puppies For Sale. Send for Catalogue. Free. %^g^/ Mountainview Ranch i^B^^R Registered Jersey Cattle ■HHl^hßbS' the greatest milk and but mSL ter producers in tbe world. i^. 11 •■ml of herd is Royal of WM Spokane, son of Koyal <>. Bellvedere. I H^^ Fechter & Janeck §HBB^^ North YakiniH, : Wash. MOUNTAINVIEW FARM Poland-China Swine All stock registered. Hogs can be seen at the farm near Gresham, Or. Wnt«* us for; prices, ped igrees, etc. W. W. COTTON, Worcester Bldg. Portland, Oregon FOR SALE. Jersey Bull Calf, St. Lambert strain, price $30.00, registered, crated and de livered at N. P. Station. H. W. ILLMAN, Hartford, Wash. The Ranch can secure for Its readers reduced rates on most newspapers and maga zines. Write us for rates on '• the periodicals you wish to take.