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The Small Farmer and Irrigation.
Under the reclamation act of 1902
no landholder can obtain water to Irri
gate a tract exceeding 160 acres from
a government ditch. The obvious pur
pose of this provision Is to induce own
ers of large tracts to sell them In small
lots to settlers. It Involves no Injus
tice, because the land without water
will be quite as valuable after the Irri
gation system is established as it Is
now. Indeed, It will sell for more, since
an unearned Increment to its value will
arise from the settlement of neighbor-
Ing tracts.
If the owner already has water for
his land and surrenders his prior right
to promote an irrigation project, he
makes no real sacrifice. The influx of
population upon every irrigated tract
invariably causes the price of land to
rise enormously, so that what might
seem like a sacrifice In surrendering
pioneer water rights is really an in
vestment and a very profitable one.
These matters are so nearly self-evi
dent and are so thoroughly understood
on all sides that those who charge the
government with injustice in its re
quirements cannot be supposed wholly
Ingenuous. It is natural to believe either
that they are seeking to obtain the ben
efits of irrigation at the expense of
their neighbors, or else that they pre
fer a small, selfish advantage to the
welfare of a whole community.
A farm of 160 acres has been the
ideal of the United States government
in all its dealings with settlers on the
public domain, and experience has
proved its wisdom. The homesteader
on his quarter-section has created flour
ishing commonwealths from Ohio to
the Rocky mountains. For grain farm
ing with machinery, that is enough
land to exercise the brain and muscle
of a man and his family. If he has
more lie must become an exploiter of
hired labor; he is no longer self-suffic
ing.
In irrigated regions a quarter-section
is too much for one man to farm. It
not only requires an investment beyond
the means of most men who wish to
make an independent living with their
hands, but it also requires more labor
than one family can furnish. Irri
gated land is usually so productive that
a tract of twenty acres or less, thor
oughly cared for, furnishes plenty of
work for a farmer and his boys, and
A SPLENDID BOOK FREE! This Book Free!
.^===!=^^ ==^^^^^^^^ We Make No Charge
ABSOLUTELY FREE OF COST^^^^^%
We have five hundred copies of the Farmer's Encyclo- % \^J^^^^^ ■ \MF?'7g^»BHßfc fc . «m^
pedia. They are printed on a soft grade of paper, with- %\<^><^ • •■ \jfe Ife -I^BSwW^'
out the annoying glaze that makes the average book so |^// ■/; •'.. yjfc**^ ..'• \ J| fS^:'
hard to read. It is bound in red buckram, equal to any - W'.... Xa^4J& ' -^1 W\ '" ''': '%M*Wk W^>'
$1.50 book on the market. We bought them at a bar- ••• Jfifil^ 1 ''^^^t^!SS^^''>'-'^^m I' •'••'
gain—and'the authorities that compiled this book are %'^. : *y|ifiß|, '""^ flf^ 7
recognized as standing at the head of their profession. nJK?!?? : • |fe^o> ■■' ' -i^ll WtS'
Prof. P. G. Holden, of the lowa State College and x^te^- '"2fli fHß*^' twlt ' " "*'^' S; ; fe^;
Experiment station. . \^iS%;'' $$*l| *^^ \<i?% MIS
Prof. Holden writes on the best method of producing yjfctt:''-.' ■ *$>^ d&ls^ WpEi
corn, whether for commercial purposes, for fodder or for W.; ::'v' .vV'y'^ *$feW
the silo. His paper alone is worth two dollars of any %v^^V
man's money. . W?*^^ F R F F '
0. P. Bull, Assistant Agriculturist of the Minnesota \^^ *
Experiment station. : . , . : .
Mr Bull is an authority on wheat, the raising and sell- .
ing of it He knows his subject thoroughly and his contribu- What Mr. Wing does not know about sheep, especially along
tion is a material addition to our knowledge on this subject. the lines on which he has studied, is of little value and what
Jos E Wins the renowned author of those two famous he has not put into this book on the subject really covers what
books -The Winte? SSSP and "Sheep Farming in Amer- f common knowledge. If you have even one sheep on your
. „' farm you need this book.
ica In addition to these men, known the world over, Miller
g M ■ . Purvis writes on poultry, DeWitt C. Wing writes a general
J y^ mm introduction and contributes matter of much moment, and
I / £ £/ mm Holverson Brothers tell what they know about bees.
/ / m j£L m*) M^jrl We simply ask that you send 10 If you have a neighbor you know
/ a r""^ v M^m MS/m/*' J cents to cover postage. We will is going to buy something, and you
il fi #mS* M m J\[y /n m send you one copy of the Encyclo- will send his name and correct P.
// /£ m M /W MS r> l" J pedia free, and we will do this on O. address, and the kind of article
il'/i g M M /# .CU \.^^ the following condition: he is in need of, you can leave out
Ji/m m M/^/ <- <f K\J E-'l^^T That you write us your name and the 10 cents, and we will send the .
yj/I^fy^ Wl^*^^^^r address and say what Implements book. We want each book to put
M W m/9S r C, CJ I^^^^^ you intend to buy in the next few us in touch with at least two men
M M mr t .IS C^J^^lß^^ months. No matter what the imple- who will sooner or later buy an
W m % \U^^mK^^^ <N -A -. _, ment is, a Mower, Wagon, Buggy, implement; who have need of an
J^B n iWk fr I 1 JFAT TI P Cream Separator, Gasoline Engine implement. Will you write today?
II \^L l^^^^m^^ -SL-r* I/ LL or anyt hing else in the line, and it will be your loss if you don t.
*^^T V^~ J^r THE BOOK IS FREE!
pays them much better than many
ranches of three or four hundred acres.
Wherever there is a fertile soil with
abundant moisture and an Intelligent
and industrious population, the closely
settled, highly civilized rural commu
nity is possible. Irrigation is not a
necessary condition to such ideal coun
try life; It provides a sure supply of
water and thus furnishes certainly and
unfailingly the first requisite of pros
perity and civilization; but wherever
nature gives moisture in abundant and
regular quantity the small, highly pro
ductive farm, the farmer living in leis
ure and comfort, and advanced rural
society are possible. Why have such
communities as Sunnyside in Washing
ton, the Payette neighborhood in Idaho,
and Eagle Valley in Oregon, never de
veloped west of the Cascade mountains?
The land may be made to support as
many people to the square mile, while
the beneflclence of nature forestalls the
Communities settled upon irrigated
land where the farms are so small that
there Is little need for hired help and
the methods are so enlightened that th€
returns are secure and ample, exhibit
country life under its most charming
conditions of ease, independence and
society.
great labor and expense of irrigation.
The rainfall is abundant, and it comes
when it is most useful. Is it possible
that what we most lack in this part of
the world is an Intelligent understand
ing and use of our own advantages?
Batter Making for Private Trade.
Occasionally we find a man who pos
sesses the necessary qualifications and
has a suitable location to go into the
business of making butter for private
customers. With a full knowledge of
the science of modern butter making
and some practical knowledge in hand
ling the product, the business can be
made to produce a better profit than
that realized by those who patronize
the regular creamery or dairy and some
say the butter is actually better than
much of the regular creamery product.
Were this not true they could not hold
their customers year after year, and
realize higher prices right along than
for creamery butter. The farm butter
maker has many advantages over the
ordinary creamery, which makes it pos
sible for him to make a superior article
of butter. In the first place, he can
THE RANCH
control the conditions surrounding his
cows completely. He can see that
every animal is kept clean and healthy
and adopt such methods In handling
milk from cow to the churn that will
insure it to be clean and pure. This
a creamery man cannot do with all his
customers, some of whose herds he
never sees. He can look after the skim
ming and handling of cream, so as to
have It in prime condition and prop
erly ripened when ready for the churn.
The creameryman takes the milk or
cream just as it comes from all kinds
of cows, managed in as many different
ways as there are farmers furnishing
supplies. One or two careless, indifferent
dairymen will contaminate and taint
the whole supply. The impure bacteria
in any lot of milk multiplies itself a
great many times every hour, increas
ing in geometrical progression. We
venture the assertion that if customers
could see some of the places where
cream and milk are produced which goes
to all dairy establishments, they would
thereafter have little use for that kind
of butter.
The owners of innumerable forage
ranches all over the irrigated west pro
duce great quantities of second class
roughage which cannot be sold at any
price and which left unsold becomes a
regular nuisance on the place. Most of
our native meadows have very good
aftermath in the fall and this ought
to be utilized so as to get a little profit
out of it. Most farmers who own such
places do not have many cattle, and as
they are not especially stuck on the
sheep business they look around in the
fall for a little bunch of yearlings or
something of that sort to put on the
ranch to do the browsing and cleaning
up act. These people have no choice as
to the kind of stock they take.
One of the complaints made by corn
belt feeders is that the western range
cattle lack capacity for taking on a
finish that enables them to command
the highest price. They do not mean
that there are not some good cattle on
the ranges, for there are. Recent years
have made a good deal of difference in
range stock. The range cattlemen have
been the best customers the breeders
of pure-bred beef animals have had
and they have been willing to pay good
prices for good bulls, to the very mani-
fest improvement of their stock. It
is often the caso tli.it a scrub feeder
tries to turn off first class beef and
falls down because of his own inability
to grasp the situation.
The Dairy Barn.
The dairy barn, as built in the near
future, may not have so much loft room,
but instead a number of structures In
the form of silos, but not air tight or
so solid. Into these several months' or
the entire winter's supply of roughage
may be cut.
Economy In feeding Is one of the
foundation stones of success. Seek
first to find what the cow really needs
and then look to the cost. Overfeeding
often is as bad as underfeeding or even
worse, for it wastes feed and injures
the cow.
Deafness Cannot Be Cured
by local applications, as they cannot
reach the diseased portion of the ear.
There is only one way to cure deafness,
and that is by constitutional remedies.
Deafness is caused by an inflamed con
dition of the mucous lining of the Eus
tachian Tube. When this tube is in
flamed you have a rumbling sound or
imperfect hearing, and when it Is en
tirely closed, Deafness is the result, and
unless the inflammation can be taken
out and this tube restored to its nor
mal condition, hearing will be destroyed
forever; nine cases out of ten will be
caused by Catarrh, which is nothing
but an inflamed condition of the mucous
surfaces.
We will give One Hundred Dollars for
any case of Deafness (caused by ca
tarrh) that cannot be cured by Hall's
Catarrh Cure. Send for circulars, free.
P. J. CHENEY & CO., Toledo, O.
Sold by druggists, 76c.
Take Hall's Family Pills for constipa-
What do you require in a bank?
Safety and security? Very well. Write
for free booklet. We can serve you.
We will respond to a postal card re
quest. If we can not convince you
there's no harm done. Write to us to
day—before you forget it. The Bank
Write now before you forget it. We
are surely able to serve you. Address:
The Bank for Savings in Seattle, Seat
tle, Washington. Write today. The
booklet is free, altogether and wholly
for Savings in Seattle pays 4 per cent,
free to you.
Season for spara&rus, Rlinbarb and
Strawberries approaching. Send for one
of our stencils, free. Write us for in
formation. A. D. Blowers & Co.. Seat
tie. ___^^^__^____ i^^^_^- _ — ...
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