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ON THE fr down tha rnches of the broad South wcitl. tVhfio iiralrlo graars yield perennial ktore. Oo nljht winds lull the ranter to his rrnl When Mummer 3ya are o'er. IW.de (ho It-thered horse, near to the ticHI Ytvil now recllnea In heaped, ungainly cane, ill threads hie blanket; nor forget a vnr4 Ills faithful friend will pleaaa. llrrt, from tha open, oVlng through tha dark. At the ow-preallnir rat star-pointed IV hat Is Sin? Vk'hnt Is Bin? It Is not mere Imma turity nml Imperfection. It Is not rawness or crudeness. A green apple fa not tho amo as an applo with a worm at tho core. A small boy Is not tho Kamo as a wicked man. Ho way be, and sometimes Is, a more un cosifortabla companion, but ho Is not the amo. Tho evil of sin ran never bo cured by growth. It Is something very different from Imperfection and Immaturity. Sin Is not Ignornnco, and Ignorance la it sin. Ignorance may help to promote idn; sin may produce ignor ant; hut no mere Intellectual error whatever Is n kin. Cm Is not prcdl--cable to the Intellect In so far as the Intellect ran be separated from the rent of tho moral nature. Pin Is not good In tho making. Mr. Ueceher h credited with having ""aid that the only fall .3 a fall upward. That Is not ound philosophy. Every fall is ft fa!I downward. Temptation la Kood In the making, but sin Is not. No man comes to manhood except Dtmuvh temptation. Jesus Christ anio t a rotten no other course. The bridge, before It can bo passed over itlily, must bo tried and tested. This trial is nece.sH.iry for Its future use. but It is not necessary that tho bridge ha1l break down to mako It useful. Sin Is not being tempted; It Is break ing down under temptation. Hin 13 always In tho will. The Aptmtle James defines It as transgres sion, of tho law, or, as It might be tranalfttod, lawlessr-rng. Sin Is law leRanohs. Wo aro living In a world of moral order; not mero Ignornnco of How Ye Shall Know Them p fcha!l know (hem by their fruits. Sl Matthew, vll., 16. If we wish to get at the man who Mdes Inside of tho man and find whether he Is well tempered steel or or Sy ionr Iron, we must listen to his actions rather than bis speech. Talking Is a good deal easier than ' lor.u;. and one i.aturally paints a fair n' iii.ro when describing himself. Hut If you took at tho cold facts of a man's daily llfo you sco at a glance whether be Is saint or sinner, for deeds have a "-.ablt of telling tho truth without fav oritism. And It Is unsafe to depend on what It cii.'ie-d death-bed repentanco, which V.f well enougn In Its way, because it is bc.'ler than no repentanco at all, but a V. irry poor aubstltutc for an honest life. 1 do not belie e you can havo God's aprroval by simply saying you aro sor ry for what you have dono when the time comes that you ran have your own way no longer. It Is wiser to looV at things In tho strong light of ooir.?ion sense, and refuse to do wrong ratacr than do it and then seo that jrou have made a mistake TYhat 1 call religion, therefore. Is rather a serious thing. You cannot ao as, you please In any such world as this. There is a law which will not be blinked out of sight Neither can it bo bribed to look on you more favorably than on others. Hull! on wand, and tho house falls: build on a rock, and stand. A child onro asked mo U two and two always make four. I answered -Yen. my son. and if you never forget that fact you will bo saved many a re gret" Religion must not bo mistaken for a frothy nentlmentallsm which operates in m a mac leal war to twine tho pearly gate wldo open. On tho contrary It Is sturdy, muscular and athletic, giving you In the autumn the result of your labor In the spring and summer. Un purpose Is to no edurato ami de velop your soul that you will bo happy and contented In whatever planet yo t find yourself, because you have earned the tight to be contented and happy. Religion Is not primarily an emotion, trot rather a thought, a conviction, a faith. It Is like a bridge which Is new to you. You try It doubtfully at first, rot knowing whether It will bear your wright or not Hut tho further you So the more you trust it, and at last yon feel sure that It will conduct you to tho other shore. Thero aro many 'Oilrns In religion which we do not 'Understand, some which puzzle us very creatly. Hut tho things we seo clearly lead us to havo confidonce even when we cannot sco at all. I do not under tit and tne mariner's compass, but ex perience teaches mo to put Implicit fnjta In It even In tho storm and tem per L Hut some ono will remind m that men and women havo led the purest Uvei and still repudiated Christianity. C know of a raarblo Quarry which RANCC. dome. Tha Uxhta term closer as ha learns te mark Tha way that lead him home. And then he. trusting, eleepa; and earth and aky llol.l man and teaet In strengthening etnhrare, While all the h.ily promises on high Flame softly on his face. Thui. as he feels recurring nights de aoenil. The hrrdcr cornea to live In lone con tent. Conscious that thoughts which guldo him to the end Are stirs from heaven sent. Definition of tho Word by Dr. Lyman Abbott It, but wilful Ignorance of It, the set ting of It aside, the discarding and disregarding It. That is always sin. Wo understand that when wo aro on tho side of moral order. Tho mother has no douht that tho child sins when tho child violates the moral order of the family as embodied In the com mand of the mother. Wo understand that tho criminal who sets himself against the moral order of society, as Interpreted by tho law of tho land Is a sinner, because ho Is setting himself against our will and against tho moral order as our will Interprets It. Hut any man who discards, violates, disre gards or sets himself against the divine order, the moral order that underlies all human government, sins. Sinning Is setting one's own will against tho divine will. It Is said of Jesus Christ, as though It were said by him. Lo! I come to do tho will of God. Sin Is coming to do, not God's will, but our own will. Wherever that spirit of tho disre gard of the moral order enters, It poi sons and corrupts. It Is an old story. You do not have to go to tho Hlblo for Its Interpretation. The Greeks understood It. It Is the underlying factor of all tho tragedy of tho world. Disregard of the moral order always brings tragedy. The moral law of tho family is love; husband loving wife, wifs loving husband; parents loving children, children loving parents. Obey this, and we have heaven on earth. Disregard that moral order of love, let the father be Intemperate, let each be greedy, let either be passion ate and disregard the Interest of others and wo have hell on earth. Short Sermon by tho Late Dr. Goorgo II, llcpvtorth wouM be very valuable were It not for the Iron rust which has percolated through It. Nevertheless I havo seen r.everal largo blocks of tnarblo from that quarry which were as white as De cember snow. Tho quarry, however, will not pay for tho working. Christianity Is a series of tho high est possible thoughts, and we havo lc.irr.ed that noble thoughts mako no ble I!vo3. The thought of God. of Im mortality, of duty, of obedience to law, are creatlvo thoughts. They cannot enter your guest c hamber without mak ing the whole household radiant. The sun shines in every llfo where theso thoughts dwell. Tho natural frultago of faith la this Is a harvest rich In good grain, and, on the other hand, tho natural fruitage of doubt Is discon tent Tho farmer who prefers poor seed to good Is not wise, and why should ho choose tho lesser good rather than tho greater? Religion brings peace, resignation, happiness. TJicrcforo wo want it The Master leaJs In tho smoothest road from earth to heaven. Therefore wo follow Him. If religion gives us tho graco to Uvo and tho graco to die, comfortable In tho thought of eternity and reunion, then wo call for It as ve call for food when wo are hungry. Georgo II. Ilepworth. Trust Llfo's highest, hardest lesson Is trust When we havo learned that, blessed aro we. Happiness come when wo havo what pleases us, but blessedness f.ner and deeper than happiness eomes when wo rejolco In what wo have, ling confident that God's goodness Is In It all. God never hangs a scarf of cloud up In tho sky but ho drapes it beautifully; God nev cr strikes a harp amongst the fir trees with tho fingers of tho wind. but ho does so harmoniously; and a life God never so places or tunes It but that beautiful and harmonious possibilities aro there. Our lesson Is to have eyes that nee, and ears that hear, and a heart that understands this wonderful working of our God. The Dright Side. Any person who sees the whole world r.'lng wrong Is doubtless look ing out from a perverted medium or gating at somo counterfeit I.ook not Into a muddy pool to see the sun when In all hU glory he shines In the sky. Think plrarant thoughts; speak cheerful words; look on the bright side of things. The darkest cloud has a silver lining. "Nicht brings out the rtars." God and tho universe waat to mako you happy. Ninety per cent of the KS.Cofttoo peopio of the Itu.iiilaa empire are tanners. Nine of the elghty-ight United State aerators were lorn between 1823 and 1S0. pi!!!!Iiiiil!l!l1innil!!llll1!!ini1!!Hnillll!lli!l!I11ll!!ll!!!in New Flag Is to Float s Over President's Ships iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiaitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuuiR (Special Letter.) HEN next the Pres ident of the United States steps aboard a vessel, be It steam launch or man-o'-war, pleas tiro boat or troop ship, thero will float from tho must a new flag. Not all new, but so changed that many who have for nearly forty years been familiar with tho President's banner will question tho ownership of this lino new one which to-day hangs In an oillce In tho navy department, not quite finished. The design on tho flag Is not changed excepting tho "crest." It re ally isn't a crest at all, according to heraldry technicalities. The sunburst above the eugle's head in tho Ameri can cnat-of arms had to havo a title, and so "crest" is Its signification. Hut the colors aro changed, and, many be lieve, much for the better. Tho Pres ident's flag. In plain United States," Is the coatofarms of tho United States on a blue Held. The ueal or coat of arms of tho United States was adopted by tho continental congress Juno 20, 1782. Thero was a long discussion over tho design, and many of tho eminent statesmen of tho day presented their Ideas of what should figure upon the seal. Finally "Dr. Franklin, Mr. John Adams and Mr. Thomas Jefferson" were appointed a committer to pre paro a device for a great seal for tho "United States of America." So many designs of merit were sub mitted that tho committee authorized Jcffert-on to combine the various Ideas la one design, which he tried to do, and on August 10, 177'J. presented this compact seal to the congress. Congress laid It on the table, and it Is there yet. May 17, 1777, tho com mittee reported another design, which looked like a cracked Chinese plate on one side and tho body of the scrub brush on the other. This is also on the table where it was placed 123 years ago. For three years longer tho committee permitted tho United States to get along without a seal. THE GREAT SEAL. (Obverse.) Then a new committee was appointed, consisting of Henry Middlcton, Ellas Houdlnot and Edward Uutledge, who. In April, 1782. undertook to provide u design. They copied tho old Ideas, and tho design submitted by them May 0, 17S2, lies on tho table with the others. Congress then referred the matter of a seal to Its secretary, Charles Thompson, who got a Mr. William Hartcm of Philadelphia to help him design a seal. Its Insignifi cance was complicated, and it followed the others on to the pile of tabled de vices. Mr. Barton of Philadelphia then pro duced another design, which is much llko tho ono finally adopted, but It escutcheon, a glory, or, breaking did not suit congrews. Messrs. Middle ton, Houdlnot and Uutledge in some way appeared as a committee again Juao 13, 1782, and reported Mr. Har ton' devlco with some modification. It was referred to the secretary of the United States, and Juno 2317S2, the secretary of congreFS, to whom was referred the several reports of committee on tho devlco of a great seal, reported tho following, which was adopted, and Is tho ame today First President's Flag. that It was a centirry and nearly a quarter ago: "Arms Palewnya of thirteen pieces, argent and gules; a chief, azure; tho escutcheon on tho breast of tho American caglo displayed proper, holding In his dexter talon an olive branch, and In his sinister a bundle of thirteen arrows, all proper, and In hh beak a scroll. Inscribed with this motto, E Plurlbua Unutn.' "For tho crest Over the head of the eagle, which appears above tho through a cloud, proper, and sur rounding thirteen stars, forming a constellation, argent, on an azure field. "Reverse A pyramid unfinished. "In tho zenith, an eye In a triangle mrroundrd with a glory proper. Over the eye theso words, 'Annult cocptls. On tho baso of the pyramid tho nu merlcal letters, MDCCLXXVI, and un Jemeath tho following motto: "Novus ordo Seclorum.,M Tho cag'.o of the design adopted by Jio congress of 17K2 Is of the lean and hungry type, modeled after strict her aldlc Ideas, duubtkas. tut tho proud bird of freedom which soars at tho main royal to-day when the President takes to tho water looks well fed and prosperous, while Its "fierce gray cyo and bendlnc beak" aro nothing llko as rapaciously and ravenously depleted as In days of old. Tho President's flag Is a century old institution, and has practically been In existence ever since thero has been a nation. Somo ten years ago, when tho late President Harrison went up the Atlantic coast on the Dol phin, with the "President's flag" flying at tho main, the writers for certain newspapers severely criticised tho over a century old custom they had never before observed, probably bo causo latter-day Presidents, up to Har rison' time, had gono boating but lit- President's Flag With New Crest tie, yet It had been tho custom up to 1805 for tho blue field of tho flag, known as tho Union Jack, to bo placed on the main when the President was aboard tho bhlp. and all other flags wero struck till tho President left the vessel. Congress has never legislated on tho President's flag. It was established arbitrarily by tho Secretary of tho Navy, and presumably tho changes I mado In tho device upon tho always ! blue field havo been mado at tho bug- J gestlon of tho President Tho President's flag Is used only at j sea, and the last limo It was used was on a recent visit to Annapolis. Victor Emanuel and His Father. Victor Emanuel III. of Italy Is curi ously the reverse of all that his father was. Humbert was a very ugly man; his irregular features possessed a sort (Reverse.) of vulgarity astonishing enough in the representative of the most ancient royal house In Europe. His widely ojx-ned eyes wero a.'most flerco In the ir expression and his manners wero brusquo almost to rudeness. Ho cared nothing for letters, nothing for art; music bored him; and ho used to say with a laugh that he bail rather any day look at a sowing machine than at tho Unest work of Henvenuto Cellini. His son has the clear-cut features of his aristocratic house, with a soft al most dreamy look In tho beautiful eyes belled by the strong lines of lips and chin. He Is short of staturo ami slender of build, but there Is no bint of weakness either of body or mind about him. Relieved the Tension. "I was on tho Paris when she ran on tho rocks off tho English coast, a couple of years ago," said a Philadel phia traveling man yesterday, "and In tho panic that ensued thero Is an In cident that stands out In my memory, Illustrating tho slender thread be tween tho tragic and tho ridiculous. Wo had a fellow on board who had managed to keep pretty well loaded all the w ay across and w hen we struck the rocks ho was In his usual condi tion. When everybody thought for suro wo wero going to the bottom, he sat down at the piano in the saloon, and what do you suppose he began playing? 'Home, Sweet Home.' Some body went to him and begged him to stop. Immediately bo switched off from tho doleful strains of the old song to the rollicking melody of 'Down Went McGlnty.' The absurdity of tho thing seemed to strike everybody at once, and a peneral laugh followed. Tho tension was relieved, and thero was good order after that." Phila delphia Kccord. Mrs. McKlnley In Fair Health. Tho winow of tho lato President Is now living at Canton. Mrs. McKlnley Is. It Is stat?d. now In good health; better, In fact, than sho has been for many years past. She Is strong enough to sign all cheques, writes autograph letters and transacts a considerable amount of business. Formerly sho was unable to attend to any of these matters. The terrlblo ordeal through which she panned during her serious Illness in California, and at the time of the asfnnslr.atlon and death of her husband. It Is fcald, hid the peculiar effect of re.-itorlns her nervous sys tem to something llko Its normal con dition. New York's Pulp Mills. The nverare daily or. t pet of the New York State pulp mills l.c 2.0"0 t:n. or nearly ba'.f the total American production. ABOUT TURIN HOLY SHROUD. Remarkable Photographs of the Ml raculous Winding Sheet M. Vlcuon read. a most interesting paper at the last meeting of the Aca demy of Sciences and exhibited somo photographs which he had taken of tho winding sheet preserved at Turin and traditionally said to be that of Christ This winding sheet has on it certain markings printed In a brown color which when photograph ed giro a whlto Imprint, as does a negative when printed from. These markings, therefore, act as a true negative, and M. Vlgnon has shown by certain and very careful experi ments that cloth impregnated with oil and aloes, as was the winding sheet in question, will receive an Im pression wheu In contact with am moniaeal vaiors such as would bo given off from a sweat very rich in urea, an Is tho easo In tne sweat of a person dying a lingering and pain ful death. Any Idea of fraud need not bo con sidered, for no one ban touched this winding nheet since 13'3, and no pulnter ut that date had tie skill to reproduce such an exact drawing. Iho Impression of the head Is excellent Tho wound3 produced by the crown of thorns and tho marks of the blood drops are quite obvious. The wound In tho side and even the piarks of the I I .. I .1. t... IV. stripes produced cn tho back by tho flagellation are also quite evident. Each of theso stripes has at Its end Its enlargement such as would be produced by a cord with a ball of lead at the end. It Is well known that this form of scourge was cm ployed by the Homan soldiers and such a ono has been found at Pompeii, Finally, tho marks of tho nails In tho arms are not In the palm of the hand, but show that the tails were driven through the level of the wrist. M. Vlgnon's paper, says tho Iindon Lancet, has created on extreme In terest both in tho scientific and tho religious world. WHERE LIFE BEGINS. Question That Is in Many Respects Unanswerable. At what point does lifo begin? So far oa regards space or tlm the question Is unanswerable. Only a few weeks ago It would havo been raid that In regard to that seemingly es sential condition of llfo temperature we did know pretty nearly a superior i and inferior limit. Little of llfo Is thero below the freezing or abovo tho boiling point of water, and far above or below theso critical points wo should expect even grm life to bo destroyed, says the London Telegram. When our greatest physicist, In 1871, suggested that seeds of plants might havo been borne to this world in a far-distant age, tho hypothesis seem ed Incredible, because tho tempera ture of space, being at least as low a.H minus HO degrees Centrlgrale, would be fatal to life In any form. j This Is not bo. Recently at tho Jen I ner Instltuto bacteria havo been fro ! 7.en in liquid air and even in liquid j hydrogen, and on tho application of ! beat and placed In proper media have germinated. The processes of i llfo wero arrested, but the nascent , life-energy was not destroyed at 200 ! degree s Ccntlgrnde, say, 3'.0 degrees j Fahrenheit of frost Experiments aro j now being mado to find whether long continuance for months or years In such cold takes away the vitalism of theso lowest forms of life. China the Cyclists' Paradlo. The "Velo" a journal devoted en tirely to bicycling and autoraoblllng publishes some notes from a report addressed by the Italian consul at Tientsin to the foreign office at Rome, from which one learns thaet the para el so ot cyclo manufacturers lies In China. The- roads an good, tho Tillages lie far apart, the rich are tired of sedan chairs, the poor are tired of walking, the blcyclo 1 the ideal means of com munication and tho Chinese aro tak ing to the wheel with a pasnlonato en thusiasm which is rapidly making making the fortunes of tho only two bicycle agents In Tientsin, who aro selling machines at very nearly tbelr weight in gold. A Favorite of Fortune. Ian Zachary Malcolm, who will, It is said in a London dispatch, soon mary Miss Jeanne Langtry, daughter of Mrs. Langtry, the actress, has been a member of parliament for the Stow market division of Suffolk slnco 1893. Ho Is now in his thirty-fourth year. Ho was educated at Eton and Ox ford and has seen diplomatic service at Ilerlln, Pans and St Petersburg. Ho was for some tlmo one of Lord Salisbury' prlvato secretaries. Ho Is the son of Colonel Edward Donald Malcolm and was born In Quebec. Ho Is a young man of large means and Is a member of several London clubs. It has been said that the fates have much In store for him. Senator Dryden'e Modesty. Senator Dryden of New Jersey has fully established a reputation for modesty and courtesy since he has been a member of the senate. As the president of one of tho greatest life Insurance companies In the world and a man of affairs, who is Known In the business world at a "hustler,M the New Jersey senator might be expect ed to have a bearing Indicative of hurry and Importance. The fact H exactly the opposite. Until the door keeperi of the senate became well acquainted with the New Jersey sena tor the latter always politely la formed them of his Identity as he re- quested tho privilege of entering tho Uudy, especially by tho men that aro chamber. i to construct stables. The rr.cn that 1 jhavo stables should Investigate with Little things console us because ihe object of putting In perfect nys mcst of our auctions are little ones. ,tm of lentllatlon. Tuberculosis a Crave Matter. The Stom Experiment Station hat been carrying on for a number of years somo tests with cows known to bo tuberculous. The results are giv en In bulletin 23, which closes with tho following summary: The development of tuberculosis in tho condemned cows, although slow, continued gradually, until at the end of four years throe of tho four cows wero practically worthless, either for milk production or for beef. Tho results of experiment with theso tuberculous cowl and the use of their milk for feeding calves coin cide with tho general results of Eu ropean observations, and Indlcato that tho dange r of tho spread of tuberculo ids through the milk of diseased an! rr.nlj Is not so great as has often been supposed. In tho earlier stages of tho d!ser.3o, and when tho udder Is not affected, the danger from tho uso of tho milk appears to bo limited. Hut when tho udder Is affected, or when ln0 necaso js 80 far advanced as to I uo indicated by outward signs or marked physical symptoms, the Infec tiousness of tho milk Is increased, and tho danger in using it Is greater. It Is not to bo understood, however, that the farmer may neglect any case of tuberculosis In bis herd that hap pens to bo not In tho advanced stages, or If tho udder of the cow Is not af fected. As a matter of fact, it Is prac tically Impossible for him to tell when any animal that reacts to tuberculin may acquire tuberculosis of the ud der. Thero Is danger enough In tho fact that tho cows may acquire the disease from one another at all, no matter bow likely or unlikely they may be to do so. Therefore, If the farmers do not want their dairy In dustry menaced and perhaps seriously Injured by tho wider spread of tuber culosis among their herds, It Is of the utmost Importance that each ono uso every effort to free his herd from tho disease. Cows should be examined carefully for physical symptoms of the disease and bo tested with tuberculin, and any that respond at all should bo looked upon with suspicion. What ever disposition is finally mado of thoso that are dlseasel, they should be kept at all times completely sepa rated from those that are not and tho non-affected animals should be care fully watched and bo tested with tuberculin at least onc a year. Only In this way can new cases bo discov ered In their earlier stages. Unless the farmers can bo brought Individ ually to appreciate the gravity of tho matter to themselves and the menace to their Industry, and to take meas ures for destroying the disease In their own herds, the history of bovine tuberculosis In Europe, whero In some regions the greater portion of tho cows aro Infected, may easily bo re peated In this country. A Move for Pure Milk. Tastcurlzed milk In sealed bottles, prepared and Inspected under tho di rection of tho city health department, will bo furnished during tho summer In tho congested districts of tho Northwest side, Chicago, by tho Northwestern University Settlement Flvo stations in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth wards will distribute tho milk to fla and tenement dwellers at a rate slightly exceeding the price paid for ordinary milk. Tho first de livery will be made within a week. Hy offering cleansed and testod milk to the residents of the crowded Polish district the workers In the university settlement hope to check the enormous death rato among chil dren on the Northwest sldo during the hot months. Tho blocks surrounding the settlement Noblo and Augusta streets, were found In the Investiga tion of the City Homes Association two years ago to be among the most thick ly settled In tho city, and tho death rato is double tho general Chicago rato of mortality. The milk will be pasteurize 1 In spe cially prepared quarters at the settle ment, and will bo sent out to all the substations each day for distribution. The milk will be Inspected twice a week by the city health department. At first tho milk will be sold only at the stations. Tho health conditions In the Polish district have been such as to urge tho workers In tho Northwestern Univer sity settlement to Immedlato action. In tho crowded neighborhood of tho upper Seventeenth ward and tho low er Sixteenth, tho residents aro far from a park or a public playground. Lincoln. Humboldt and Union Parks aro all blocks away from tho district None of the new breathing spots aro near the crowded quarters of tho Poles, and thero are no available pub lic baths.' Tho children live In the streets and alleys where grass spot are few. Tho Northwestern Univer sity settlement looks for no financial reward In carrying out this plan, but will furnish good milk, thoroughly cleansed, at actual cost Ventilation In the cow stable Is a jeee sslty if the health of the animals Is to bo conserved. Little Is known imong tho generality of cow owners is to tho scientific principles of ven tilation. The sublect 1j worth nf