The Inter-mountain farmer and ranchman. [volume], March 18, 1902, Image 1

About The Inter-mountain farmer and ranchman. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1902-1902

Image provided by: University of Utah, Marriott Library

                
- Publfsbecl by,r;c M I -
Salt Lake TribunePubushinq e f i ' A
5u.r lake Citv, Utah. d ' l
lTt. Xo. 0.
5ESTS0NS TO
POULTRY RAISERS.
(TirST PUTT)
41 ibu mn of domestic
routine lolled Stiles and
us mido nf their pro
pouliry of Inlrien to a
rof people I leedcra nre
atrlilns to lmpioe the
ne rartt uhr purpose, nnd
prolu Inn Ju t what the
indi for I "! or utilltj.
us of p'ople look nt the
ictas If' a nippljlnr the
menu of feil In nil oco.
palatable r mi
nbletlriKf h f ir ckko
"itf d of m Jt hs people
nor? b ii nt the inni
nare aehr I r food tlnn
lids or fi h nt it I.irge
ih rur I p ilntlon Hie
Lolutrl ur 1 II nd It Inron
nt Imp I! . to Mipplj
lilly r r the tible, aside
auzht til on the farm,
H k pnult furnlfhes
enlentmnn of rupplsing
mllli of fr I in suitable
TM I pirn ululs true
nt tummor month when
III keep onl n hoit time
lenlni u ually nl the
nunl The ion imptlon
and pultis products hs
ii'es of tpple furnishes
ilnalmnit every lt nnl
nllel Slain nnd lit prices
tally rename Hive If good
tiercl'ed In the minage
Na ne
all require ni wholesome
claj of llvn Hook, they
rharnmie II in ans other
mala nn unmenli mliihlo
Inalhat vvoull otherwise
rarllall o t These i -eels
a iarhii3 weed scls
Mlnelop 1 kernel und
uarleti of foil which la
.u" '", P editable
? Jn re 1 ir dinger
roulltj from th - ieii e
jheta unit nny other
' 1 rnii he
lihout f ir r .11 -ml
"1 thrrusli me miiinie.
iwill, irur when the
CI to othoi I , s nf
'Ml mn m les hivo
SI".1"4 ' "' ixmltrj
K'.h;J ln " anions
th i unlrv very
'VJ.? '" raul"
1 li th me ion hrlef
flt"n up i urh Bub.
Jf fi, f k n" '" mi'l
i tthl.'.L ifrprlsen
nth a rull i Wllnl ,
'""il" I II nn up.
t 'i n mf r tint
coinplcie e xc-csli i.f
''"J I ""Hi In a hero
J'n.lfr,m,he,!,cPrr?
i?.lilnir '" n"" of Hie
1 one of u,o r ,d nl
in I. ii, """""HJ In
II it, t """" enso
n kl k , hin ' '' I' ''
"""mad ,", r''i .l0
;ellln i .' ','?'' '"
1 clii.kJ ," Infihtid
r-'''-'-
"Wriir it",L '" 'p"
"Cln'-'; ""'"---
ftlnlnr ., ' I"" h"'lo
lllii. '"'I'rtel ,,,m.
rlrfIertl'l!. '"' """
'I'Talli if J''"'1 must
kln"i it it :rM in
Slur ,.,'" '"'no
,!"" i"y fnr".' Iw"
'tyjfXi'r.rin
'tfJItl "','. "Puiir
"f"""Vr,,lfllt
l,,31, 'h( nnm,
'"Pini, ,n",oiniH)
?le"Hnf. I, ""e of
h.J"""n i ","f ho
' "' lh m- t
-
ntlthorlt reports the number nf poundn
of wool produced nt 2900o0iM, flay this
wool In worth V000000 an 1 It will b
seen that the hen rould Imy up the
sheep nnd wool In the United Stnte3
KTo,h" n ncel ess "" ot cr
The nine of the gold output for 1SD3
wnn IiIOjUOO. that of silver. j;R02T21,
whnt erop nmounted to J119 54"2iD,
Bheep nnd wool nlue JIT'.OOOOCO, poul
tr troducts 3"0onn coo
l'rom these flgurei we may obtiln n
knowledge of the greatness of the
roullry business Iscw to show tint
the hen Is reill) a nionej maker when
1 B,'y. "en l do not mean nny mon
grell hut n first clas fowl I will
cnll jour attention to nn experiment
mide nt the Utnh expeilment slillon
ill out four ers ago In rel Hlon to
the loultrj Inlustrj Tho Industiy In
I'tnli ai In need of something, the
climatic conditions were right, plenty
of feed nnd cheap roullrj und igg
mnrPet good mans farmers had spare
time, jet mani dollars were being spent
for this proluct In Knnsis nnd e
lunski foi home consumption A great
number of the people of the Rtnte kept
a few hens, but It Is doubtful If thej
could tell whs. There was nnd Is nn
iitler absence of method In the buMnesn
ir they got no eggn th-s blamed It unto
tho breed, so thej chingefl breedn every
sear. It neer oenirred to them that
there waa somcthlni; In tho buslnesa
thy did not know The result ot a
knowledge of these conditions In the In
oustry prompted the experiment I will
lefpr to Theie h a dlftereneo of opinion
among poultry men as lo the benefit nf
exercise foi the fowl, In the experiment
made nt the Utah station the difference
In erg production with and without
exer. lee for the hn ,wa hirdlj no
tloHile It Is, (hough generally known
that exercUe Is benertcli In tho long
run Another Important fict must
be rememlKici the lelatlon of nte to
the jenrly production of eggs. In the
above. mentioned experiment three pens
nf Leghorn pullets were tested foi three
jenrs, the nvrrego for the first jcar In
number of eggs lild, tiklng the pens
together, was ISM,, second enr, KM J,
the thin! jenr. 1M, nn nvorage of 167,
Cost ot fool first jenr In cents, 62 0,
Kecond eur. C70, third sear, 619,
average of 610 tents
Vnluo of eggs Inld first jear, $1",
arrond scar, $101, third seir. Jl 73,
average, l 81 The flguies given nre
the Hvernge pei fowl Taking tho three
pent together, tho thrre sears result!
show an average rroduellon of 1P7 eggs
per fo I, rooting nn nventgc of 4 (Stents
per doyen lor food 'ihee results were
not obtained from selected figures, he
sides tondinons were not nil fnvonble
foi the highest egg sltld but they will
I tubdbls represent a fair avcrngo of
hens under good treatment. Another
point, the vnluo of tho eggs lild
would of coiirse, depend upon the price
paid at the plite marketed.
Another Important fact wan demon
strated by cperlment nt the stntlon
nt I,osnn and thnt was tint there
wcro 'deidheid' or robber hens hens
that don t lis trough to pas for their
feed no matter how well they nio
treated It wis found tint there wns
a greit difference In the Hying capnc
Its of hens by means of u trap ncM,
nnd a systematic lecord which was
1 ept. 1 or Instance, lu one pen of five
Leghorn pullets tho Indlvllual egg
Slcld was 56 117. .01, 202 and -117. No
one, howcvci tould tell by looking at
the hens which were the good laseis
and whlih (ho poor The monthly rec
ord nf offgn laid !s each pullet lo.
gether with the tidal value of the
sime, nnd the food cost per dozen
eggs shows that the poorest liser lild
onls .Vi i flits' not lh of egg' during the
jenr, und the best $2 10
A pen of four whlto Wjandotto pul
lets all of uiujI ago and receiving cx
actlj the rjino treatment, laid Indl
Mdually 218, P3 87 and 115 eggs lespec
tlvoly Now here Inn bint to tho wise,
the Idea Ih to Meit the best lasers,
or those laseis that hnve come up to a
icitaln snndurd Ureed onls from
those, kill off tho rest, thes nre ton ex
pensive In keep and In time sou will
have a flock of lavers (h it will come
up lo Iho standard Tor It Is plainly
reasoned nnd logically, too, that If It
la pqsrlblo for a hen, In a Mock that
only avenges 1C0 eggs per sear, to
lay LOO egg!", that ls a s$slem of
breeding persistently followed to pro.
ducn a llok of hens Hint will avcingc
200 eggs a sear, and transmit those
laying n.unlltleg to their otftprlng
I have shown above bs fictii and
figures thnt there Is mones In the
poultry Industry If carried on In a
methodic il and huslness-IIke manner
I will now proceed to phow whit steps
should lie Inken, nnd the enro and
treatment thnt must be given the hen
to bring nboiit tho best lesulls We
must know her vvoyn ind her mturo
nnd then pioteed to mnko things com
fortable fm lici,
Hn.ncnoN or bin:
Too often Iho location of tho poultry
houso s thought to 1m of minor Im
I ortancc ai)d rnnsenuentls Is given
leu umnldeiatloti thin lint of any
ntliei faun building ricqiiently tha
other buildings are located first, nnd
then tliu poultry housn Is pliced cm
tho moet convenient space when tt
should have ifcelved consideration he
foro Iho larger buildings wero all lo
in led
111 en ring for the various classes of
llvostpck, the question of labor Is al
wajs u Impoitimt Hem And the
dnFB ihat lenulifs the closenl atten
Hon to petty df tails, na a nile, requires
the preat amount of labor Aa poul
Irs keeping Is wholly a business ot do
tnlls, tliu eronoms of labor, ln per
forming1 tho necessary -work In of great
liiiporliime, buildings not conveniently
loented and nrruifced become expen
slvu on in count of iinnecesary libor,
as It Is necessarj In visit poultry
houses sevrml tlmea each day In the
Scat ( onvenlence Is of more Impor
time th. n In cano of almost auj
other building Poultry houses aro
likely to he more or leas Infested with
rits und mile, unless home meina are
provided to exclude them, and this
should bo taken Into account In Belect-1
MccttctctccccccclKMHaaa
Salt Lake Citv, Utah, Tut:sd,y .MonynfG, Makcii is, ii)02. Pi!rci7Frvi Ogxts. f ftt$ B
J5..a '?fltl0 . Il l cenerillj beit lo
ocitc the poultry house ot sjne .lis
tnnce from other far-n hulldlngs, esie
clills If grain Is kepi in the litter
convenleme of acres and freedom
fiom vermin nio two desirable points
to be secured end they depnl lirgolj
upon tho Iwitlon A dts poroun soil
ai'jasn to he irefened aa a site for
buildings and sards Cleirllness and
rreedom fieri moisture mu-t he se
rured If the greatest succers in to be
atlalmd it(-out doubl filth and
molcture are the cnu.ee cither direct
L ?.r ln;1,lr,!r,l "' 'h! mijorlts of
rjoultrs disease and farm the stumb
ling block which brlr;s dlsc-ourigc
rrent and failure In nuns amateurs
It mint not le liferrel that poultrs
ennrot be prontalilj lipt nnd reared
upon i heavy soil but tint an open
poipuo poll cin be kept compiratlvelv
c ein with muih lesa labor than a
clas soil will be evllent lo lhoi who
arc at all acquainted with the habits
or domesticated fowls
Wher fowls are confined In bulldlnr
and snrcls thai pirt nei-est the build
Ings will become more or less lllthv
from the dropplnrs and contlnuil
tnmplng to which It is subjected A
heavs or clovss soil not only lotaliui
all the manure on the surfire, but In
case of frequent showern nils mate
rlalls In giving to ihe v hole surfico a
complete "oatlng of filth
If a knoll or ridge can le selected
where natuul drainage Is perfect, the
Ideil condition will bo nearly np.
proached
The material to h used In the con
struction and the mannr of building
will nerersirlls be governed largelj by
the illmatle conditions In general, It
may bo nld thit Ihe house should pro
Mlewirm drs well llghtel and well
ventilated quarters for th fowla One
nhould provide a good roof with Bide
walls moie or less Impervious lo
molstuie and coll, and some meins
for excluding the molsturn from be
neath lor colder lillludes a house with
hollow cr double side willo Is to be
prcfened on nans nccounts although
a solid wall may prove quite Ditlsfic
lors nulldlngs with hollow side wills
aro winner In the winter and cooler
In the summer, with less frost In so.
veie weather, and lesn r-sultlng moist
ure when tho temperntiiie moderates
enough to melt the frost fiom the
violin nnd loof of Iho house In con
ftructlnrr a roof for a hou"c and tho
house Itself foi thit matter In the
colder litltudes one nf two cntirsep
must be followed cither cell tho In
side with none material to etcluJe
drmghts or to plice the boards close
torethpr and cover Ihornughls with
tarred piper beforo shingling or cov
ering with the outside boards The
fowls will endure severe weather with
out suffering fiom frosted lomb-i or
wattles if thev are piotected from
draughts of air. Henn will las well
during the winter If houses are warm
enough so tint the plngle comb arle
tlen will not suffer from fiost bite
Wben the combo oi wattles nre frozen,
the losa in decreaseel egg production
cannot bo other than serious
ln preparing plans for a hulldlng
one of the first questions In be decided
In the size nnd form of the house A
square house Is the most economical
and furnlshen more tquire feet of
lloor space for a given amount of lum
ber thin ins other
I piefer a hullllng one-stors' high
nnd not lea Ihnn ten nor more than
fourteen feet wide, and us long as
needed In most cases a building from
forty to ilxty feet long meets all re
quirements If this does not give
enough though It le belter lo con
struct other buildings thin to extend
one building marc than slxts feet. It
must bo temembcrcd that each pen ln
the building Hhould have n sei arate
run or s ird and that a ien should not
he made to accommoc'ate nio.o thin
flftv fowls or better thirtj o- foils
The building should cterel fust and
west, so an to admit o' as much sun
nhlne ns poeslhle throjgh the windows
on the south sld The windows rhould
not he lirge nor mule than one to
overs eight oi ten feet In length for
a houtc twelvo feet wide and about
seventeen Inches fiom Ihe foot or at
suth a height that as mm a sunshine
ns posslhlo will be thrown on the
Ono mistake in In putting In too
mans windows While, of couric, lots
of light Is dcslied It (i most necessirs
to have wiuin quaitcit In the winter
bhutters or blinds in ly be use 1 at
night where theie nre mans win lows
In winter sliding wlrdows an pic
fened on many accounts for ln-tnuco
thes nn be partlslly opened for ven
illation on warm, dnjs
Another Important olnt In building
Is ent'latlnn for whlih some means
fhouhl be piovlde 1 A ventilator that
inn le opened and closed at tho will
of tho attendant will glvo good re
sultn If (,iven piopei attention which
Is neccjsars. A ventilator In Ihe
highest part of the roof that inn he
iloscd tlshlls bs means of i lope or
chiln nnrwcis the purpose very well
and this Is a lolnt lo be untitled in
constructing houp-s In conrtrucllng
houses cine shouli be cierrlse 1 In le
Kurd to ioosis which should not be too
Jilgh foi feai the laiger ilassof tnwls
might be Injuied when alighting fiom
them Also have n platform under the
most poles to tatrh Iho diopplngs
which rhould he coirled nwa oftm
Ne3ts should be urrunged so ns to ho
injdli cleaned mil disinfected, also
pliced In quite a diik cornel. Keep
tho drinking fountains ilejn nt all
times, nnl have dust biths hnndy.
Thee inns lo made nut of an o-dlinrs
box lllled with loose earth or load
(lift, which Bhould be ret In the sun
quite often 1 f JOHNSON.
Bill l.iki CJli
The Cow to Keep
Ftitlstlcs tell us thit the average cow
produces onls 1!" pounds of butter ln a
year, and that to slell a piollt to her
owner she must produce not less than
110 pounds lis this we must believe
that the average con not only falls lo
pas her bond but la kept nt tonslder
ublo loso to her owner. Whs Is this s)?
Tho answer Is pliln, with too many
dalrs fanner" u cow Is a cow Keruli
slock with il" particular breeding Is
lespontlble for this stalo of nffalrs
The rroshlng of ono breed with nnnlher
and the progens passing from ons own
?? to another iind being hied to ans
thing and evirslhUiB until the r lon
Its is loel Is a prlnv muse. It Is this
kind of stock that Is kept on moro than
M ter cent nf ll.e farms
Do not make the mistake of crossing 1,
on breel with another with the expec.
tatlen of retting soniMhlncr that wl 1
bilnj piofllnhle returns In both meat
nnd I utter Select tho branch of the
business for which sou have the nieat
est liking and for which our location
Is lest ndiited nnd bleed only thcr
ciifchhiods of the highest tvpe tor sour
p ii tlculicr imrrow Mtoh nf so.ir slock
imy tlen hi sold for tuoecllnf, purposes
nt about double th price of grades If
sou keep grides ilwnsa mike It a
point lo breed to n thoroughbrcvl tire
Of good ancestrs thit a higher stand
ard nnv bo reached O 31. Hlchard
ism ln Firmer Culilc.
' NoNToa Huch Wnshlnp;.
Borne ruggestlors of Trot n n
Pearson as to wahln; butter nre under
dlrcusilon in different Journals
'After drawing off the buttermilk,'
niss I'rof I'eirion 'we nijaln come to
a olnt where thero Is a difference not
only of orlnlnn but of prictlce home
pour lu more witer nnd after a few
revolutions ot the cliuin driw It off,
nnd repcit the process until the water
I prfclly clear, while others claim
Ihat the flivnr mis wished out, nnd
wash ns little na possible
' Soino excellent luittermikeTn thit I
know nevei wash butter nt nil The
flavor Is nn Integral pari nf the butter
nnd ran no mciio be washed out thin
the sweytncSB can be wnsho-i out of
sugar It sou do not believe It. feM
the cow a a mess of onions and try to
wash out Ihe flavor"
l'rac ileal buttermakers favor romc
washing but not too much Kven tho
illustration of the professor dees not
reem fortunite for loo much dilution
of sugar would leave little concentrnted
sirharlne Borne taints of butter. It Is
qallo certain mny be washed out,
though not that of gitllc. which has
come fiom the diet of tho cow not from
exposure nrterwards II it ven this,
we ndd In passing, maj' he wholly nn
tldoled bs feeding Ihe cows with a cer
tain preparation (medicated fold).
The question la whother the flno
aroma of the butter mis' not be soakel
out by (oo much llnslng or washing or
the butln In granulited forni Experi
enced bulternnkera who have learned
the art of making butter of finest qual.
Ity nnd which brings the highest price
will say 'dont Tut sour, butler 'to
soik" You may well rinse It qulckls
for once, Ihat la another matter.
Itoynl Poultry-Keepers
rnultrs -keeping la one of tho modern
delights of soclcts. That It should he
o mas' puzzlo those who bass their
Ideas on somo dlrrcputablo tsre of
farmsard hen, and who have never
visited a big poultrs' show where fanes
fowls aic staged 111 all their rlory. No
lover of the beautiful In nature tan fall
to bo Iniinssed by tho delicate color
ing of somo ot theso aristocrats of the
poultry vvoild, tho exquisite markings
and the quaint occentrlcltlas of others
Tho arts and sciences of breeding may
lemalii a closed book to us flut the
wonderful prod iris of modern fanciers
demand nclmlialion, eajs London M
A I'.
The Queen Is the first poultry keeper
In tho kingdom, nnl a tegular cxhltltor
and prize) winner at nil tho great
shows Ono of her favorite nrletles
Is tho Sllkle. a quaint little fowl with
whlto plumago of silky texture. The
King, If ho Is not uctually a poultrs
fanclei, has a slnceic respect for the
hllkle fowl for thv nre wonderful
mothers for ic trims pheusants and aro
much In lequest ut hindrlnghnm Tha
Queen also hua some of the tiniest und
smartest bintnms In Iho tountrs. and
(heir excellence from a show point of
view Is loved bs the number of prizes
thes win
Breeding for laying Purposes,.
ror developing a heivs laying strain
ot fowls the trap nest Is very useful
The Maine experiment station has
been working with trip neets for
three j cam In the hopes of Increasing
tho number nnd Improving the size
and coloi of cgss hid by Barred Ply
mouth Hocks und V hlto Wyandols
Dm Inn this time thirty hens have
teen found which have Hid between
.'00 nnd 251 eggs caih In a jenr and
twents-slx of them are now In the
bleeding pens riom this foundation
stoik the stntlon will base Us future
operations In pcurlns a heavy luslnf
struln Prof, Oowell sasn
'All of tho other breeding stocks we
nre now earning nre tested hens Hint
have laid over 180 eggs In a seal, pu.
lets whose mothers laid over 2oo eggs
In one seur Hid whoso fithers' niolli
eis lild over 200 eggs In a scar, and
pullets sired hv toikercln whoso moth
en nnd grandmothers laid over 200
eggs In ono seal. The size and color
of the Pis mouth Hock egfB ate .ery
flne The ogs fiom tho Wsandottes aro
of good slupe and size, buf are as jet
too light In tolor"
SugE'StlonB for Spring,
An cxrcrlence of twenty sears In
renins and caring foi poultrs, ron
firms ono In tho belief lint nine-tenths
of nil so-called dlsearo ot'poultty, Is
originated by lice theroloie treatment
la begun for icllcvlng all arretted by
tho enems Unit, then some simple)
remeds Is given to restore lost vigor
Tlnctuio of lion In the proportion of
ono-fourth ounce to thiee gallons of
milk Is nn excellent icmcdy where,
ssmptoms of cholera nio shown. It
mas bo glvm to tho whole floilt with
bnetlt When the tare Is severe the
fowl shouli ho Isolited und ten drops
nf tincture ot Iron Mven thiee times a
das foi twn das, no other drink
should be given during this time
New boxes shouli bo ansnged In the
most comfortable placoB, many breeds
will soon le wauling to sit nnd warm
nooks must bo lound If a goo! percent
of tho eggs aro to be hafched Tho
cellir could bo utilized for a few nest
boxen ono woman bilngs nest or two
Into the hnuso and stows them out ot
sight, a week beforo the hatch la due,
and geneially brings out twelva chicks
from tblfteen eggs set This plan l
onls pursued when tho weather Is e.
verely told as often hoppen during
I ebruars Ky having hem tsmt, and
all poultry Is amenable to' kind treat.
ment, they may be bettei managed
during the brooding period
Ihlclo hatched In lite Kebrunrs or
earls March, are those which bring
Iho bert pi lies and extra pilns will
be needed lo steer Ihein ilenr of dan
gerrcr du-lng llic-da of coils sprint,
Coopa will lecd to le rain proof and
worm and shifted to the most eligible
sites In ord r lo souire all sunlight
and out of ro'd iiittliig wind Warm
fool should be given to the eirly
hatched ihlcki for two or three weeks
after Inciibillon then whole wheat
crocked torn, etc Hloppy fool causes
diarrhoea among puultis, eapeilills
among soung ihlrku If the soung
cockerels tan b- ciionlrsl they will
re a much greitr eourto of ptotlt
than If left In the nnturnl stale C
pons lake on flesh I ipldls und should
weigh ulout eight pounls when reidy
for market nnd as thes comnnnd gen
erilly higher priors thin common
fowl!" It will be seen tint the profit Is
pool If eoikerela are left In nituril
state when two months old they
should be sepirated from the rejt of
the flock and fallen'd for market A
C McPhcrron In Ohio Parmer
Whlto Plymouth Ilocka.
Wo aro frequentls asked bs farmers
what wo consldri the best breed of
chickens and our icplj Is That do
pends on 50111 fanes and the purpose
for which sou breed If sou want eggs
oil's, fomo of the smaller brcels will
meet sour demon Is, If you want Ihe
larEe bird, tho llinhma In a rood one,
but it sou want engs nnl meat com
blned the Pis mouth Itoik Is the best
general purpose fowl to my notion in
the land ' Then 1 am nsked again If
the white Is better than the bined Mi
riety nnd I answer that thes have sev
eial points In their favor As to size
and general charicterlstlcs they nre
Identical An to laying qualities the
whlto have a llltlo the best reeorl
Then ns a mirket fowl thov present
the best apiecrnnce, not hiving the
black pin feather Arpenrnnre goes
a long way toward the sale nt a bird
and It also goes a long was toward
milking tho bird nppctlzlng when
placed on sour own table
The whlto fowl Is a thing of beauty
on Hie firm. Nothing can be moro
beautiful thin a nlco even cojoreii flock
of chickens It Is sometimes argued
that a Inwk will seo a whlto bird tur
ther than thoso of colors but ins ex
perience touches mo that tho hawk will
And soul chickens no imttcrMhat the
color mix be I have raised the AS hlto
Plymouth Hocks exclusively for four
scars and hive had no timiblo with
htwks nnd but little with other chicken
enemies I have but little trniihln with
diseases Ae breed from tho most
thrifty slock wo inn obtain thus war i
Ing off disease Ocorgo II, Jasno ln
Parmer's Guide
Profit nnd Pleasure with Sucks
If sou want to try something both
fosclrntlng and profitable, procure
somo ducks and set all tho eggs sou
inn Theie han never been ns much
enjoyment to me lu nny branch of
poultry raising as 1 have secured from
duCts un enjoyment thnt began with
tho first egg lall arc! ended only when
the joung quacks wero sold I never
found us much profit In nny other
branch of poultrs In Iho nimo length
of lime. If one takes leoiunnhle pio
cautlon In setting the eggs, very few
will full to hutch and not any will
you losa by disease If attended to
rlghtls ns to feed urd yaidlng at night,
tho Ions by ncCldent and ermln will
bo leas than with ans other biunch nf
poultrs.
Ties eat, but no 111010 10 make mem
markclihl" than do chickens One co
senllul and a vers necessnis one Is 10
give them an abundance of Band
Having It where thes ecu help them
uelves will not t" enourh Theie must
be toa'sc sn d inix-d in Iheli food once
per day In the pi iportlon uf one tup
ful to enih live qunria feed It Is also
well to jut tho sime pmportlon or
powdered ilnrroil In the feed twite
oath wick Wntoi1 deep enough fir
thctn tn Immerse their bills abovo Ihelr
nostrils li meded bwlmmlng holes
lire unnecessnrs for soung ducks, nnl
In fad nre lather a detriment to fast
fattenli g The Itfss exercise they gel
the faster thes put on fat They do
not ltniilio a great amount of gieen
food, and coutiars to somo opinions
thev will thrive It given reisouible
range, on nan meal nlono Kmma
Clearwaters In Orango Judd Pirmei
Caring for ilens and Chicks.
Pltllnp- hens rhould have ileun nests,
securo from Invaders Line the nent
with paper, on which drop a llltlo lice
killer. This will keep clriughls from
tho eggs and lies from the hen mil
n?st. Two hens should be set nt the
same time and when they hitch glvo
one tho chicks and reset tho other.
The thlils must bo itmovcd as soon
no hatched and taken out ot heating or
she mas refute to sit again. The sit
ting hen should have a .lulls dual hath
In tho sun If possible, plenty of shaip
srlt clean food and puie water,
The joung chlckH must bo kept dij
and warm The coops shouli ho put
under a drs felled If "11 have no house
and Iho hens confined In mops 011
damp windy dnsi' Ilavo a feeding
coop handy mil tho chicks will run
out until cold nnd then go hick to
rover Theie are more chicks lost by
being dragged nrouncl through Iho told
and damp thill any other iaue except
damn coops Tho food ma bo the
best, but without dry warmth tho mor
tality will bo great I cook but little
food except to scald moil and brnn
together nnd then aid enough drs to
make It crumbls. 1 always have goo)
success If I can keep the chicks drs
and warm-S N. Noloott In Orango
Judd Farmer.
Tho Hen
AUs! my chll I where Is the pen that can
dc Justice In Ihe hen?
Llks rnsaliv she goes her way la) Ins
foundations everv div.
Though not for put lie bull llnrs, set for
rusturd take nnl omelette
Or If tni nil for such a use thes have
Ihelr lllng at some abuso;
As when 10 r nsurn 1 lavs unfit, upon the
slake they make a hit
Op at e'e lions seal the fatu ot an ob
noxious candidate
No wonder, chll I we prize the hen, whoso
esg Is mightier than tho pen
BS Ollverllerford, la Colliers Wecklj.
HINTS TO BREEDERS SlI
AND STOCKMEN. MM
Brccdcri of Horses.
In t electing 1 fire to breel sour
mires to be sine that he posaesrea nil
the requlicments of a first class horse
It Is vers Important that he bo of good
color I ecnuse a horse of bad 1 olor is
not tolablo In a tits market and who 1
sou do find a customer he will not pis
anything like full price for him In
fact a dun or a speckled bus horse will
not bring one-third ns luucn as a nlco
has brown, chestnut nr dnpply grus.
Docks aro not thought no well ot nj
olhei link colors and for export ur
poses bin cis do not cue to bus a
black iinlesa lie has fcomo whllo mirk
Ings either a bluzo or ono or more
whllo siocklnrs
A ruin In bleeding which usu illy
holds good Is like produces like or Iho
likeness of somo nnccstni It Is true
thit we cannot nlwiss nocount lor
color and marking of produce How
ever, theie nro whole families that aro
largely hiss, browns nr chestnuts
Other families are nearls nil griss A
breeder knowing this should avoid
using anlmnln of such crloi
Another vers Important thing Is the
disposition of tho she I have known
whole families of liaises the produce of
certain stallions, that weto dlsto-el to
be vklous and difficult to breuk and
educate Uvcis one of them can e hon
estls by Ihelr sour, iigls disposition
It costs three times as much lahoi to
educate them no It does thoso of gocl
disposition There nrn other fnintlles
of horses that shy, owing In near nlsht
edneso Trntlng up the bree ling of
tuch horses, wo usualls Und either sire
or dim or some near relnllvo tint wns
Inclined In shs and frighten nt ohjects
on the roid This In pulllrleut cans' for
us lo reject a sire, and look for one Hint
driven without saying A shying horse
is dangerous nn 1 not worth one. lnlt as
muih na one that Is feirless especially
for family uso nr for a single driver,
nesl les thy nro vers unpleasint lo
use. One never knows how soon he Is
going to bo upset, 01 daihed Into some
other vehicle, or tumbled over nn em
bankment Huch orso 1 aro not saliblo
except to certain customers who do not
pay one-holf us high a price foi a horse
as people do who want a grtitlt, safe,
fnmils horse
Another class of horses aro nervous
nnd they do not bring lull value Nine
out or ten horses that belong to certain
rmnllles arn nervous, Icing urn ihj and
fidgety while in harness nnd miny of
them are seldom still nnd quiet whllo
nut nt harness That class or horns
wenr out soon Thes nre not easily
kept In condition and nro not ahlo to do
rull work. HUH we find neivous stal
lions doing 1 big stud business I
know of stallions thit cm senrtcly bo
driven and I am s'iro ono min could
not harness, hltih nnd drive ono alone,
tint same horse Is meeting with good
pntrcnnRe In tho stud but when his
proJuce get old enough to Le driven,
tho bleeder begins to do Bomo thinking
and asks himself tho question Why Is
thlo rolt so foolish nu I will?" Ills
neighbor, who Is perhajs moro of a
thinker asks him ' Is he not or tho
came disposition of his she' IN hen
jou bred soul mire sou should have
thought of that und m ited her to some
hind, tcvei-headed horse that had sire I
a family of kind sound horses Whllo
thin nppears to bo 1 trilling milter. It
Is one of great imnoitnnio to u breeder.
W. C. Pair In Ohio Parmer.
Hearing nnd feeding tho Colts
J 11 (irlsdnlc, anilcultuilst at tho
Central Lxperlment fnim, Ottawa
Can, In writing on Itnrlng anl
feeding tree oil, miss ' It Is a truism
to state Hint all forms nf living matter
nrn during thu carls I'irt ot their Uvea
ns Independent oiginlsms much more
Busieptlble to exterior Influences thun
at any subsequent peilod of life This
Is very rspiclnlls Hue ot domestic
animals and non of Hum moie em
phatically thin the co't (lifted lis
nature with higher mental powers than
the lest of our umcstlo nnlmils, It is
relatively nice Influenced bj its mu
rounllngs rnd bilnglng up na It wert
Trnln the tolt as sou woull have sour
horse, and such ho will be To tho
skillful breedci the destiny of a given
colt Is praitltnlly undu his uwn ton
troi leu mans of our rnrmeis ion
sldci that thcli pirt Is dine whin they
have bred tho mare to 11 she whwe
tspe they ndnilio or whoso hrtedlng
sulia them The tolt mines In duo time
and Is leleguted with the dam to somo
remote pubture, 01, vvoiso even It Is
forted to follow tho mnre nlmlesslv
from one end uf the toft ploughed Held
to the nthei 111 a wcuis trudgi Ihen
as the mute Is permitted to lost unco
In a whllo to 100I down tho tolt seizes
the opportunlts to drink und druws
fiom thu foumlng udder tho 01 ot.
healed milk turned from a. llfe-siiHtuln-Ing
to dili-duillng fluid ihe luturo
usefulness of the colt deiuids mon
nothing so much as tho feed duilng tho
lltst year of ita lift To be useful In
any way a horn; must have tood bones,
and above all, good Jilnts Hones alu
built, like the lest of the bods, fiom t'e
ried consumed iy the- soung atilmil,
nnd ir tho food does not contain tho
e'enients essential to the growth of
bone It Is evident that thero will he a
weakness In this pan nf the oicanlstn
Tho milk from the clam totiialns a
lirge propurtlon of tho most neccssars
mineral substances, such as lime but
Ihe colt seems to lequlio much morn In
a short lime and mas be seen trying to
supplem'lit this limited supply bs lull
ing decisional niouthlula of sod Piob
ahlj no in nlcriala ut the firmer s dls
posnl contain more inlneial or bone
terming material than bran nnd nun
and the tolt should have pt my of Ihtse
and rood clover has from tho start It
Is quite site, nB a rule to glvo as much
as two quails nf theso concentrates
mixed rer illcm as soon ns the tolt tan
le t night to eat them, nnd thlo may bo
(.rnduollj Increased The coll s teni
peraintnt and character should ho
closely studied however and the ration
gauged acmrdlnrls These concen
trates and clover has', being rich in pro-
trln or flrsh forming miterlil, Induce! IffilJI ! IH
rnpld development of muscle sinew .Vw5' llllllH
anil tendon an well ns bone and or tho .iMfci 1 iSsUB
ilciht kind or reed and nituif wilt do twTEp 'alHH
the test so fir as bodily development !ll?eP"t 1 iflaHH
lscomerncl Itffivlp tjaliifl
Socking Aged Lambs. jIBf.'1'' I'll
I rcrcntls purchased a number nf TySffe 'i j liliiiifl
lambs that have not hid their tills cut flHif .HsssH
cfT They ale now about nine months iBwStl''"! JMcbI
old I wish to keep pirt of them for Bkfl MHsi
breellng urm;es Is theia any danger rKlH '' ' 'lUfHal
In culling the tnlls oft from limbs so WVfb D ainH
old' What niMlind would sou advise" "tftiisiT (IiHBbIsH
Is there aiisthliig Hint run bo done to LSlL ' ifBaH
check thu How or blood'' asks the corro- ISU I . UlsslaM
simndent or the Sllchlpiii Parmer, to liiUaH
which Hie following replv is given- TBrfT li IrliaH
I Is a gioit ritu harder on tho fSj, ,, &
iimbs to ilock thom 11 1 nlno months ,fj U UJilIH
thin it 1st., dock Horn whin a week or TBI! . !
ton ilijs oil when Ihl3 operation Br?" J 'fHaH
should bo performed In docking tho liti MB
laml, should bo held by one whllo the 7tR 1S M
ciiltlnp la poi Mime el by another Tim ifcfirl. 1 illieB
blido shouli h shirp The ono thnt 'VttiSM ' I.Mai
no Ms the limb should pull bnck tha siMl g , Jll
lilc In so Hint when Ihe operation Is per- (Wal i ' HsH
formed the skin will romo down over nXS E ' Ml
the etuimi As those lambs aie pretty "jRl t f WHal
?. LIT, " ." Irrnu,y b9 considerable 3m Z 1 J, ejlJBl
I U..V '''e0.0'1 .Th,B ""' b" stopped by S fe H
n. little cold water orallttlotnr home- iB 1 1? .JHI
K",1.1 Is "fcessars to tlo up Ihe stump leH ' 1 !
with throo or four lips or cord If this flHtS V3!H
falls sear the stump with a hot Iron iMB 4MI
Powdorc el milph He of topper (bluestono) .SH J.jVlHal
Is j sild to bo excellent Mr checking the lflafSTft !
operation " " 1""nc,lh,e ner ho aJHB jfjHI
Sanger ln Crosses. Wm $ 'JhI
Thero Is n uih ambition occaslonilly jflS S, I'llMl
evoked by enihusIaBllo sheep breeders JH if ' I!t iHai
In Ihe attempts to found a new breed I'M K if H
of sheep 1 have, had persoml nc W I IK
qualiitmio with two American brcsd- !W LI HI
erK, nnd one breeder in Prance, who !B K M jH
havo mido attempts In this line Ono ciB j, I HHJ
of our own breelera inndo a most dls- pWt ' f Wt
astrous fillurc In the attempt to foun I Till I i' f iSH
a new breed bs nilxtiiro of nt out every f.OTt tf,h uM
bicod In ex stenco In iho Unite 1 Htates Xu if c ' eH
whllo nn old poisonnl frltnd -signally rimH' 1 HH
falloel in Binning what he hoped to isfil : ''Ml
make a breed of whlth was a mlxturo hiffllti 'i1' fatsH
or Southdown an I I'oUwold Both lOrMlil ?M1
these attempts necessarily failed for KSl,fc iHB
want of that c low ufllnlty which In IIbUwK' i VJM
reccssiry to meet the laws or naturn llaK Mi flssiiii
In this rr-spect Naturn nbhors forclblo 'vK JKi , j!alsH
nttempts to disturb Its balance There IK W 1'lH
Is a firmly fixed not or rules In this ro- liWijV.l lr isHl
gird which no man as yet has been lr in 'illHslsB
succcsstul In violating. Anl the most ffig Jke'Wsll
errcctlvo or theso rules Is that In the - tt$ IV ' iPBH
allempted union if any two animals of ,HSs, 1 flW
dlffeient breeds, thero must be soma 'Jfili K'n1 ' H
natural alllnlts and no extreme varli- SBK Iff ' ' Stasisi
Hon between tho characters Bo thit -Jig! 111 1 jflB
for example In the crossing of nny 1Wk H'iiI 'tsH
two brroda of sheep Iho most satlsrac- JrCBst"'i UasH
lors results have been gained by tho AHfEI'n'v ' liH
early limb prolurers, with whom tho jKrfin ' i 1 UB
bnuthdowns or Cotswold ram on tho Jafci'! 1 5 flsasii
Merino ewes has made the best pro- rVH!!i'ii .' 1
gens Hut this breeding lins not bon BcJftTrt ii 1 ViflBsiiii
In ins way with tho Intention of mnk- lis'.Hlti ' iJBs1
Ing a breed of the cross, for scln- JU ; B fHsfH
tlfltally considering It, there Is greatly . ifDI i n. 91biii1
Ion much dlfferento between theses li w ' . V' bIHbsB
rheep to ndmlt of a sure fixed mlxturo 'JMr'J' F ffitsiii
I15 one cr as the llrot cross makes a ""ifli- it) FiUlCssfl
very deslrablo market animal, but l XI t , , , tP EH
every goo I qinlltv is lost by uny fur- iuJ.J ps JirsH
ther mixture of blood" and so far thire 5J1J ; " U H tH
Is ihat want nfndaptnblllts tailed nick- I'M i,jH
Ing in, bs brecdois, which lias made VP a v "iMtM
complite fnlluio In cveiy nttcnipt So "li't-f 1 li SH
too the same hnn happened by a crosi BO If Ji r BS
of the houthdown on Iho Shropshire, If r e, r lu H
which waa tried hs a New ork breed- rj f tyJ iJl SH
er somo jeirs ago This fulluro was A , ij Huh ilH
dlsllnctly ferrshown by tho writer on lw'Xl l5''iii5jl (tsil
the tlrst suggestion of tho attempt, for aT if VSlf 1.M IH
Hi" re iron that there was already a ton 'ali! 'll jtsSnasii
closo relationship between tho two ' Jn '11 iuffifjassi
breeds, and not a sulllclent variation tip v Mll.ijujUjgH
between them to procure any sufficient tsi 2 !'MlHtrsl
distinction neeessnrs Mr 11 cross which roifll3 A 1 llBHiaH
might bo flnalls developed Into a dls. , tinT 'i) i HaT-esM
tlnet breed Ilenrj Stewart In Sheep r E rt ,1'! I WliiH
Iirccder. 1 m ,1;, 1 flfll
in ( Mil niOH
Exercise tho Brood Sow. ,JU 3H illuM
Ono of the essentials In putting the lyBr Mf!iv4Mifl
brood sow Into rood tondltlon and "USf J Jt I FiiiifSI
kreplnir her so that tho litter will bis lliftf (nTVmH
bcnellled bs It Is evxerclse. Tho sow vvUll $ ilTiirH
Hut has inngo seiures her own dally M't f'AvMf,
txeiclso In moving about ln the lots and rfc! T'irl!"
fields In whlih iho has aicess It lu UK's J4 'It'iTiiH
ono or the mntteis of Importance for j'SrS Oi'e'Suliasi
thu welfare of tho curly litter, ns tho nh CTiiWfUeJsssi
sow Is too otten confined In a pen of l IRfl .U1): iT !
sinnll limits If sho has tho ringe that 'Mri'l, 'BldyiillM
Insuies oxculso. It also la acconipn- "jj S (jlllrMi tt EH
nled wllh sunsblno and pure air. whlih all ill fl4ilxH
nro equills esstntlnl for the heat com- lpli8'l )iu'i W laH
foit nnd best tondltlon or the lomlng ' ft 'JllfiiSr! icirB
litter It gives vitality and stiengtli of J Si S EfM KifM
muscle aiiel bono that Is so often noccs- ,pliSt. IraniWi llsssl
I siry for tho future dovelonment of tho u i fifiilll' r iH
llgs Tho cxeiclno Is as imiwrtant na hlM? WM PlicH
feed A diet compose 1 I irsels of pro- fcfij e wftS&iJjU
toln food Is tho best Bulled for tho broo I Sr 'i sfRNSr J,ini
tow. An excluslvo 10m dlit Is dele r,ei;i frnwAHj
teiloiie I orn can tompnse a poitlon of "Kl fUFti VaH
tho intlon but nits shorts or wheat 'UW W'i,H'(jH
fhoita unel mldlllngs or bailey or ryo yij sWaSfVal riiSlH
shouli mako up the larger part of tho 1p5-l I lIclTiJ! fJtS
uraln intlon A great many peoplo JJflH i M' j) IMSbB
hivo troublo with purchasing fat ' iU 1 M I'ii ifflH
broo 1 sowa at a public sale, w here they ,eWlf J0 'W iNH
aro lilted about the same as If they ' fiit r,1B,EillBi
were to gn Into the- show ring to vN" M,-WfXM
We were Inteinsted, says the writer. kl,?a, l.tlirflassB
In a description anmo months aro of a, V)f mf MiwlBI
bow bought nt n sale, It being the sow u .IMi'jSWH
thit tnppel tho prices nt snld sale, and flSj i'K IW
concedid to hive been ono ot the itreit fitflT 'TeiiiBSlI H
rows nf tho offering hhe was fitted (1 ItifilMll all
and of cours cni 1 led a heavv amount ' wSm 'WTwSK H
or Hi bI It will ho remembered that E maWtflMnl H
Iho purrhiser stated that he com- TiJBlBBfr'lWs? H
menced giving the snw a gentle excr- eflHIScll ull U
else onco or twice a day, walking her. a )Rs5wj.t1I H
Inert using It cich day until he ha 1 HtSMSs'l U
walked hoe more than a mile Inside ot IlPMKfeJI H
a weeks time This gradual Increase of MMaHaf r'.TMl-. B
exercise la the ptoper und the suet ess- naKllMi's H
till way of managing a fat sow pur- BBeWeWWlaW H
chased at a public tale Use care and ! MB '8SW
caution so that the. sow will not be I is1VtKdH H