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I GOODWIN'S WEEKLY, 13 I
THE MARTIN KOSZTA CASE
During the administration of Frank
lin Pierce an incident occurred which
brought our country very close to the
verge of war with Austria. Martin
Koszta, a Hungarian, who had taken
part in the unsuccessful revolution
of 1848 in his country, escaped to
Turkey, and was confined there for a
while and then came to the United
States, where he declared under oath
and before a proper officer, his inten
tions to become a citizen of this coun
try. After residing in the United States
for nearly two years, he returned to
Smyrna, Turkey, upon business of a
temporary nature, and placed himself
under the protection of the American
Consul. The Austrian Consul tried to
get authority from the Turkish gov
ernment for his arrest, but failing in
upon the Huszar. A compromise, how
ever, was effected by virtue of which
the prisoner was delivered to the cus
tody of the French Consul-General un
til the two governments should agree
in regard to his disposal.
The Austrian government addressed
to various courts a protest against
the action of Captain Ingraham, and
instructed the Austrian Imperial
charge d'affairs at Washington to ask
the government of the United States
"not to interpose any obstacles to the
extradition of Koszta to Austria," "to
disavow the conduct of its agents"
and "to call them to a severe account
and tender to Austria a satisfaction
proportionate to the magnitude of the
outrage."
The incident gave William L.
Marcy, the secretary of state under
Pierce, an opportunity to be reck
oned as a great statesman, which
ONE OF THE SCENES FROM THE SENSATIONAL FILM "PURITY" WHICH FEATURES
THE ORPHEUM PHOTOPLA Y BILL FOR SUNDA Y, MONDA Y AND TUESDA Y
this, instigated some desperadoes to
kidnap him.
Koszta was taken on board the Aus
trian brig-of-war Huszar and put in
irons. The American representatives
made the proper protests, but the de
mand for his release was unsuccessful.
Meanwhile, there arrived in the harbor
of Smyrna the United States sloop-of-war
Saint Louis, under the com
mand of Captain Ingraham, who, be
coming convinced that a design was
set on foot by the Austrian officials
to remove Koczta clandestinely to
Trieste, an Austrian port, demanded
his release, and, to enforce it, brought
the guns of the Saint Louis to bear
was most desirable to him, as he had
presidential aspirations. The manifes
to addressed by him to the Austrian
charge had a remarkable reception,
and for a moment Marcy was the most
popular man in the United States.
From the careful and precise state
ment of the facts, the secretary of
state shows that "Koszta was seized
without any rightful authority." And,
although he had not yet become a nat
uralized citizen, he had established
his domicile in the United States and
became thereby clothed with the na
tional charac ", and acquired the
right to extena it to him.
The course of Captain Ingraham
was fully justified, the disavowal of
JOHN McCORMACK, THE FAMOUS IRISH TENOR V
I
the acts of American agents refused,
the satisfaction asked for by Austria
respectfully declined, and the request
to put no obsacles in the way of the
delivery of Koszta to the Austrian
Consul-General at Smyrna was denied.
Marcy made one declaration which
has the flavor of the stump speech,
but it was of a nature to thrill the
American heart with delight, for
never had the national aggressiveness
been so strong as at this time. "When
ever," he wrote, "by the operation of
the law of nations, an individual be
comes clothed with our national char
acter, be he a native-born or a natur
alized citizen, an exile driven from his
early home by political oppression, or
an emigrant enticed from it by the
hopes of a better fortune for himself
and his posterity, ho can claim the
protection of this government, and it
may respond to that claim without be
ing obliged to explain its conduct tc
any foreign power; for it is its duty to
make its nationality respected by
other nations and respectable in every
quarter of the globe."
Marcy's important point was well
taken and has been sustained by emi
nent American authorities on interna
tional law; and his successors in the
state department have followed the
principle he laid down.
In the end Koszta was allowed to
return to the United States. Congress
showed its satisfaction by a joint res- H
olution thanking Captain Ingraham H
and conferring on him a medal. H
THE F00T3 ALL
The football is a small but compact H
volume of college spirit entirely sur- H
rounded by pigskin, mud and perspi- H
ration. H
In repose it resembles a shiftless H
and crestfallen gingerbread, but when H
properly laced up the back and as- H
saulted with a virile air pump it be- H
comes swollen with indignation and as H
full of wind as an assiduous campaign H
orator. While in this highly apoplec- H
tic state a brawny youth, with a bat- H
tering-ram leg, can easily propel it H
through three companions and into an H
adjacent township. H
The football is the self-appointed H
press agent for our best colleges- t H
Scores of universities which formerly
bagged woefully at the knees and H
were shiny in their seats of learning V
have since blossomed out in the very H
latest style of endowment, neatly
trimmed with contributions and sub- H
sidies. H
For years the football has been the H
unswerving friend of the medical fra- H
ternity, and, in the language of that H
profession, always brings home the iH
bacon with unflagging zeal. Slnco JH
growing to maturity it has, alone and 1H
1 iB